Chapter: Some Major Schools of Philosophy and their contribution to present day
1.

Idealism stresses the central role of the ideal or

A. Spiritual
B. Physical world
C. Material
D. Experience
Answer» A. Spiritual
2.

Idealism recognizes ideas, feelings and ideals more important than

A. Education
B. Human soul
C. Material objects
D. Spiritual essence
Answer» C. Material objects
3.

According to which school of philosophy of education, exaltation of individual’s personality is a function of education?

A. Realism
B. Pragmatism
C. Naturalism
D. Idealism
Answer» D. Idealism
4.

The idealist give much importance on

A. Self realization
B. Self expression
C. Self concept
D. Self perception
Answer» A. Self realization
5.

Who emphasized realization of ‘Truth, Beauty and Goodness’ as the aims of education?

A. Pragmatists
B. Idealists
C. Realists
D. Naturalists.
Answer» B. Idealists
6.

The Idealist curriculum is developed on the basis of

A. Study of Mathematics
B. Natural and physical sciences
C. Business and management
D. Ethics and study of humanities.
Answer» D. Ethics and study of humanities.
7.

The Idealist claimed that reality exist in the

A. Natural world
B. In the Spirit of man
C. Self disciplined
D. Empirically tested truth
Answer» B. In the Spirit of man
8.

Educational principles of idealism emphasizes on

A. Scientific knowledge
B. Physical world
C. Thinking and reasoning
D. Unrestrained freedom
Answer» C. Thinking and reasoning
9.

The theory that holds reason as the source of knowledge is

A. Idealism
B. Realism
C. Naturalism
D. None of the above
Answer» A. Idealism
10.

Who raised the slogan “Back to Nature”?

A. Realism
B. Naturalism
C. Idealism
D. Pragmatism
Answer» B. Naturalism
11.

Who among the following was the supporter of Naturalism in education

A. Rousseau
B. Froebel
C. Armstrong
D. Locke
Answer» A. Rousseau
12.

Play way method of teaching has been emphasized in the education of

A. Naturalists.
B. Realists,
C. Pragmatists.
D. Existentialists.
Answer» A. Naturalists.
13.

Naturalism is also known as

A. Materialism
B. Existentialism
C. Pragmatism
D. Metaphysics
Answer» A. Materialism
14.

Which philosophy favours the statement “Man is the measure of all things”?

A. Realism
B. Pragmatism
C. Idealism
D. Naturalism
Answer» D. Naturalism
15.

According to which philosophy of education, childhood is something desirable for its own sake and children should be children?

A. Realism
B. Idealism
C. Naturalism
D. Pragmatism
Answer» C. Naturalism
16.

The fundamental aim of education according to Naturalism is

A. Self realization
B. Self expression
C. Self consciousness
D. Self perception
Answer» B. Self expression
17.

Naturalist consider reality in nature only and everything is governed by

A. The physical Sciences
B. The supernatural
C. The laws of nature
D. Human personality
Answer» C. The laws of nature
18.

Naturalist curriculum advocates freedom and self-expression and therefore

A. Humanities subjects are vital
B. Literature forms the core
C. Always based on physical education
D. No rigid curriculum is needed
Answer» D. No rigid curriculum is needed
19.

The methods of teaching laid down by Naturalism in education is

A. Rigid and uniform techniques
B. Traditional and stereotyped techniques
C. Bookish and teacher centred
D. Child Centred and play-way techniques
Answer» D. Child Centred and play-way techniques
20.

Which of the following is the contribution of Rousseau to education?

A. Education for nationalism
B. Education for Democracy
C. Education for freedom
D. Education for sentimental
Answer» C. Education for freedom
21.

Who believe that “Objects have a reality independent of mental phenomena”?

A. Realist
B. Idealist
C. Existentialist
D. Pragmatist.
Answer» A. Realist
22.

Which of the following education system support scientific progress?

A. Idealism
B. Naturalism
C. Realism
D. Pragmatism
Answer» C. Realism
23.

The realists hold that values are

A. Temporary and subjective
B. Permanent and objective
C. Dynamic and changing
D. Constant and sable
Answer» B. Permanent and objective
24.

The basis of education according to Realist is to cultivate

A. Scientific outlook.
B. Natural outlook
C. Spiritual outlook
D. All of the above
Answer» A. Scientific outlook.
25.

What is the goal of education according to the Realist?

A. Realization of moral values
B. Perfect adaptation to the environment
C. Satisfaction of human wants
D. Understand the present practical life.
Answer» D. Understand the present practical life.
26.

Important thing to keep in mind for Realist teacher is

A. The inborn nature of the child
B. The value and significant of what is taught
C. Organization of content to be taught
D. The methods and strategy of teaching
Answer» B. The value and significant of what is taught
27.

Which school of philosophy strongly advocates that education should be vocational in character?

A. Pragmatism
B. Marxism
C. Naturalism
D. Realism
Answer» D. Realism
28.

Which school raised the slogan “Things as they are and as they are likely to be encountered in life rather than words”?

A. Idealism
B. Naturalism
C. Realism
D. Pragmatism
Answer» C. Realism
29.

Realist aims of education are

A. Fixed and rigid
B. Mostly based on spiritual development
C. Specific to each individual and his perspectives
D. Physical needs and requirements
Answer» C. Specific to each individual and his perspectives
30.

Realists are of the opinion that education should be made to

A. Conform to the social and individual needs
B. Conventional to spiritual enlightenment
C. Meet physical wants of man
D. None of the above.
Answer» A. Conform to the social and individual needs
31.

What is not associated with pragmatism?

A. Purposive education
B. Freedom based -education
C. Education for self-realization
D. Experience-based education
Answer» C. Education for self-realization
32.

Who emphasized that education should be a social process?

A. Dewey
B. Rousseau
C. Plato
D. Vivekananda
Answer» A. Dewey
33.

Which school of philosophy of education advocated project method of teaching?

A. Idealism
B. Naturalism
C. Realism
D. Pragmatism
Answer» D. Pragmatism
34.

Who among the following propounded pragmatism in education

A. Russell
B. Dewey
C. Rousseau
D. Kant
Answer» B. Dewey
35.

In whose methodology of teaching, “experimentation” is the key-note?

A. Idealism
B. Realism
C. Pragmatism
D. Existentialism
Answer» C. Pragmatism
36.

The term “Progressive education” is related to

A. Idealism
B. Realism
C. Pragmatism
D. Existentialism
Answer» C. Pragmatism
37.

Which of the following are the aims of education of Pragmatism?

A. No fixed aims or scheme of values
B. Self – realization and spiritual development
C. Realization of moral values
D. Natural progress of inborn quality
Answer» A. No fixed aims or scheme of values
38.

The method of teaching stressed by pragmatist is

A. Theoretical learning
B. Activity in learning
C. Reflection
D. Bookish knowledge
Answer» B. Activity in learning
39.

Which of the following is not the contribution of pragmatism?

A. Cooperative projects and activities.
B. Learning by doing.
C. The project method
D. Faith in spiritual values
Answer» D. Faith in spiritual values
40.

The curriculum in Pragmatism philosophy of education is based on

A. The learner’s instincts and abilities
B. Learner’s own experience
C. Learner’s interest and inclination
D. All of the above
Answer» D. All of the above
41.

One of the aims of education according to Idealism is

A. Self- expression
B. Complete knowledge of the nature and the inner workings of the universe.
C. Exaltation of human personality
D. Harmonious development of an individual.
Answer» C. Exaltation of human personality
42.

The method of teaching suggested by Idealism is

A. Questions and answer method
B. Experimentation method
C. Self-government and self-effort
D. Project method
Answer» A. Questions and answer method
43.

A philosopher who idolises ‘mind and self’ is a/an

A. Idealist
B. Pragmatist
C. Naturalist
D. Realist
Answer» A. Idealist
44.

Which school of philosophy emphasizes the realization of Truth, Beauty and Goodness as the aim of education?

A. Naturalism
B. Pragmatism
C. Idealism
D. Naturalism
Answer» C. Idealism
45.

Religious education is strongly advocated by

A. Pragmatism
B. Naturalism
C. Realism
D. Idealism
Answer» D. Idealism
46.

According to which school of philosophy is classroom a place for self-realization?

A. Pragmatism
B. Realism
C. Naturalism
D. Idealism
Answer» D. Idealism
47.

As propounded by Idealists , the spiritual ideals which man should aspire and strive for are

A. Truth, reality and value
B. Truth, goodness and beauty
C. Mind, self and personality
D. Self-realization and spiritual-realization
Answer» B. Truth, goodness and beauty
48.

Which school of philosophy idolises the Mind beyond everything?

A. Pragmatism
B. Naturalism
C. Idealism
D. Realism
Answer» C. Idealism
49.

One of the fundamental principles of Idealism philosophy is

A. Values are created in terms of specific needs.
B. Things and objects exist independently.
C. God is the source of all knowledge.
D. The reality of change over performance.
Answer» C. God is the source of all knowledge.
50.

Which school of philosophy strongly advocated Religious education?

A. Pragmatism
B. Idealism
C. Realism
D. Naturalism
Answer» B. Idealism
51.

Who among the following has propounded Idealism in education?

A. Plato
B. Dewey
C. Froebel
D. Rousseau
Answer» A. Plato
52.

Who among the following propounded Naturalism in education?

A. John Dewey
B. Rousseau
C. Plato
D. Aristotle
Answer» B. Rousseau
53.

One of the main aims of Naturalism is

A. Exaltation of human personality
B. Development of training of senses
C. Activity and experience
D. Education according to nature
Answer» D. Education according to nature
54.

Who introduced Kindergarten?

A. Rousseau
B. Dewey
C. Froebel
D. Plato
Answer» C. Froebel
55.

Vishwa Bharti was founded by

A. Tagore
B. Gandhi
C. Vivekananda
D. Nehru
Answer» A. Tagore
56.

Play-way method of teaching has been emphasized in the scheme of education by

A. Naturalism
B. Pragmatism
C. Idealism
D. Realism
Answer» A. Naturalism
57.

Which school of philosophy advocates Self-government and self-effort method of teaching?

A. Idealism
B. Pragmatism
C. Realism
D. Naturalism
Answer» D. Naturalism
58.

Which school of philosophy held the view “ God makes all thing good, man meddles with them and they become evil”?

A. Idealism
B. Realism
C. Naturalism
D. Pragmatism
Answer» C. Naturalism
59.

Which form of naturalism says that matter is everything?

A. Physical naturalism
B. Mechanical naturalism
C. Biological naturalism
D. Social naturalism
Answer» B. Mechanical naturalism
60.

“Back to nature” is the slogan of which school of philosophy?

A. Idealism
B. Realism
C. Pragmatism
D. Naturalism
Answer» D. Naturalism
61.

Which is the most widely accepted method of education according to Naturalism?

A. Learning by doing
B. Lecturing by the teacher
C. Leaving the child free to learn
D. Heuristic method.
Answer» A. Learning by doing
62.

One who emphasizes reality, matter and the physical world is

A. An idealist
B. A pragmatist
C. A realist
D. A naturalist
Answer» D. A naturalist
63.

Which school of philosophy advocates that education should be vocational in character?

A. Pragmatism
B. Realism
C. Idealism
D. Naturalism
Answer» B. Realism
64.

Which school of philosophy gives high priority to subjects like science and mathematics?

A. Realism
B. Idealism
C. Pragmatism
D. Naturalism
Answer» A. Realism
65.

One of the aims of education according to Realism is

A. Development of creative and inventive process.
B. Redirection and sublimation of instincts.
C. Complete knowledge of the nature and the inner workings of the universe.
D. The aim of education id more education.
Answer» C. Complete knowledge of the nature and the inner workings of the universe.
66.

Which school of philosophy believes that all knowledge come through the senses?

A. Idealism
B. Realism
C. Pragmatism
D. naturalism
Answer» B. Realism
67.

Which form of Realism has more importance in the field of philosophy and science than in education?

A. Neo-realism
B. Sense-realism
C. Social-realism
D. Humanistic-realism.
Answer» A. Neo-realism
68.

The fundamental principle of Realism is

A. Nature is the ultimate reality.
B. No ultimate or absolute values.
C. Spirit and mind constitute reality.
D. Things and objects exist independently.
Answer» D. Things and objects exist independently.
69.

Which, among the following is the principle of Reality?

A. The real world
B. Senses are the gateway of knowledge.
C. Opposition of idealism
D. Man is supreme matter
Answer» B. Senses are the gateway of knowledge.
70.

Who among the following is an exponent of Realism?

A. Rousseau
B. Montessori
C. Bertrand Russell
D. Tagore
Answer» C. Bertrand Russell
71.

Who is generally recognised as the father of Realism philosophy?

A. Plato
B. John Locke
C. Russell
D. Aristotle
Answer» D. Aristotle
72.

According to Pragmatism, the child learns more from

A. His own experiences and activities
B. Self- reflection and meditation
C. Instruction by the teacher
D. Self-reflection only
Answer» A. His own experiences and activities
73.

Which school of philosophy advocates Project method of teaching?

A. Realism
B. Pragmatism
C. Idealism
D. Naturalism
Answer» B. Pragmatism
74.

Gandhi’s Scheme of _________________ was an expression of his philosophy to make education self-supporting.

A. Child-centred education
B. Craft-centred education
C. Non-violence
D. Basic education.
Answer» D. Basic education.
75.

Gandhi’s scheme of Basic education was an expression of his philosophy to make education

A. Craft-centred
B. Experienced-centred
C. Self-supporting
D. Self-learning
Answer» C. Self-supporting
76.

What method of teaching is advocated by Pragmatism?

A. Psychological method
B. Provision of real-life situation
C. Imitation
D. Learning by doing
Answer» D. Learning by doing
77.

Education, according to Pragmatism is

A. Wholly pupil-oriented
B. Wholly society-oriented
C. Wholly purposive
D. Wholly interdisciplinary
Answer» C. Wholly purposive
78.

Which school of philosophy believes in practical and utilitarian philosophy?

A. Idealism
B. Pragmatism
C. Naturalism
D. Realism
Answer» B. Pragmatism
79.

The term “Progressive education” is related to

A. Realism
B. Pragmatism
C. Naturalism
D. Idealism
Answer» B. Pragmatism
80.

Project method of teaching is an outstanding contribution of

A. Realism
B. Naturalism
C. Pragmatism
D. Idealism
Answer» C. Pragmatism
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