McqMate
Chapters
1. |
Which of the following is >90% bound to plasma proteins? |
A. | Atenolol |
B. | Diazepam |
C. | Gentamycin |
D. | Lithium |
E. | Theophylline |
Answer» B. Diazepam |
2. |
Which of the following has the largest volume of distribution? |
A. | Digoxin |
B. | Imipramine |
C. | Lithium |
D. | Chloroquine |
E. | Trimethoprim |
Answer» D. Chloroquine |
3. |
Which of the following has the shortest half life? |
A. | Theophylline |
B. | Diazepam |
C. | Aspirin |
D. | Lithium |
E. | Digoxin |
Answer» C. Aspirin |
4. |
Which of the following is a phase one reaction? |
A. | Reduction |
B. | Acetylation |
C. | Glucuronidation |
D. | Methylation |
E. | Sulphate conjugation |
Answer» A. Reduction |
5. |
Clearance of which drug involves capacity limited elimination? |
A. | Theophylline |
B. | Gentamycin |
C. | Digoxin |
D. | Lithium |
E. | Phenytoin |
Answer» E. Phenytoin |
6. |
An example of drugs that undergo chemical antagonism is |
A. | Insulin - glucagon |
B. | Protamine - heparin |
C. | Prednisone - glipizide |
D. | Morphine - naloxone |
E. | Phenoxybenzamine - prazosin |
Answer» B. Protamine - heparin |
7. |
Regarding first order kinetics - all of the following are true EXCEPT |
A. | First order kinetics means rate of reaction is proportional to concentration |
B. | First order kinetics is more common than zero order kinetics |
C. | First order kinetics apply to exponential processes |
D. | First order kinetics generally apply to high plasma concentrations (>20 mg / 100 ml) of ethanol |
E. | First order kinetics result in steady state concentrations after multiple dosing. |
Answer» D. First order kinetics generally apply to high plasma concentrations (>20 mg / 100 ml) of ethanol |
8. |
Bioavailability is |
A. | The difference between the amount of drug absorbed and the amount excreted |
B. | The proportion of the drug in a formulation that is found in the systemic circulation |
C. | The AUC relating plasma concentration of drug to time after administration |
D. | Always identical with different formulations of the same drug |
E. | A measure of the rate of absorption of a drug |
Answer» B. The proportion of the drug in a formulation that is found in the systemic circulation |
9. |
Which of the following drugs has a high extraction ratio? |
A. | Diazepam |
B. | Theophylline |
C. | Phenytoin |
D. | Warfarin |
E. | Propranolol |
Answer» E. Propranolol |
10. |
What is the half life of a drug with a volume of distribution of 700l/70kg and clearance of 49l/hour/70kg? |
A. | 5 hours |
B. | 7 hours |
C. | 10 hours |
D. | 12.5 hours |
E. | 15 hours |
Answer» C. 10 hours |
11. |
Regarding biotransformation |
A. | Phase one reactions always precede phase two reactions |
B. | Skin is an organ involved in drug biotransformation |
C. | Water conjugation is a phase one reaction |
D. | CYP2D6 accounts for the majority of P450 activity |
E. | Epoxidation is phase two biotransformation |
Answer» B. Skin is an organ involved in drug biotransformation |
12. |
Which of the following receptor - ligand pathway is correct? |
A. | Insulin - G protein receptor |
B. | Mineralocorticoid - tyrosine kinase receptor |
C. | Vitamin D - intracellular receptor |
D. | Adrenaline - ligand gated channel receptor |
E. | Platelet derived growth factor - cytokine receptor |
Answer» C. Vitamin D - intracellular receptor |
13. |
Age associated changes in pharmacokinetics include |
A. | Reduction in creatinine clearance in 2/3 population |
B. | Decreased body fat |
C. | Increase body water |
D. | A greater reduction in conjugation compared with oxidation |
E. | A decreased absorption related to age alone |
Answer» A. Reduction in creatinine clearance in 2/3 population |
14. |
The metabolic pathway of detoxification that become increasingly important in paracetamol toxicity is |
A. | Conjugation with glucuronide |
B. | Oxidation |
C. | Reduction |
D. | Methylation |
E. | Cytochrome p450 dependent glutathione conjugation |
Answer» E. Cytochrome p450 dependent glutathione conjugation |
15. |
You are given a vial with 15 ml of 0.5% prilocaine to do an arm block. How many mg of prilocaine are you injecting? |
A. | 7.5 mg |
B. | 15 mg |
C. | 30 mg |
D. | 50 mg |
E. | 75 mg |
Answer» E. 75 mg |
16. |
Drugs that enhance other drug metabolism include all of the following EXCEPT |
A. | Rifampicin |
B. | Ketoconazole |
C. | Phenobarbital |
D. | Griseofulvin |
E. | Phenytoin |
Answer» B. Ketoconazole |
17. |
Which is the safest to give in pregnancy? |
A. | Lithium |
B. | Phenytoin |
C. | Gentamycin |
D. | Heparin |
E. | ACE inhibitors |
Answer» D. Heparin |
18. |
Regarding pharmacology principles |
A. | Diffusion is directly proportional to thickness and inversely proportional to surface area |
B. | LD50 - 50% of the dose that kills most people |
C. | Efficacy is the maximum response produced by a drug |
D. | A partial agonist is always less potent than a full agonist |
E. | EC50 = concentration of agonist that results in maximal response in 50% of patients |
Answer» C. Efficacy is the maximum response produced by a drug |
19. |
Reports of cardiac arrhythmias caused by unusually high blood levels of 2 antihistamines (terfenadine and astemizole) are best explained by |
A. | Concomitant treatment with phenobarbital |
B. | Use of these drugs by smokers |
C. | Use of antihistamines by persons of Asian background |
D. | A genetic predisposition to metabolise succinylcholine slowly |
E. | Treatment of these patients with ketoconazole |
Answer» E. Treatment of these patients with ketoconazole |
20. |
Which of the following statements is correct? |
A. | The half life is the time taken for a parameter to fall to 1/4 its original value |
B. | Partial agonists act at receptor sites to cause maximal pharmacological effect at high doses |
C. | Diazepam has a high extraction ratio and is thus subject to flow dependent elimination |
D. | Morphine and pethidine have the same potency |
E. | A patient with oedema will have an increased volume of distribution of tobramycin |
Answer» E. A patient with oedema will have an increased volume of distribution of tobramycin |
21. |
Which of the following drugs has an average half life of 50 hours? |
A. | Nortriptylline |
B. | Digoxin |
C. | Trimethoprim |
D. | Valproic acid |
E. | Lithium |
Answer» B. Digoxin |
22. |
All of the following have 100% oral bioavailability EXCEPT |
A. | Valproic acid |
B. | Trimethoprim |
C. | Digoxin |
D. | Diazepam |
E. | Lithium |
Answer» C. Digoxin |
23. |
All of the following drugs are >90% plasma protein bound EXCEPT |
A. | Diazepam |
B. | Frusemide |
C. | Fluoxetine |
D. | Gentamicin |
E. | Warfarin |
Answer» D. Gentamicin |
24. |
Which of the following drugs has a volume of distribution >2000 ℓ/70kg? |
A. | Aspirin |
B. | Imipramine |
C. | Digoxin |
D. | Propranolol |
E. | Chloroquine |
Answer» E. Chloroquine |
25. |
What is the half life of a drug with a volume of distribution of 100ℓ/70kg and a clearance of 7ℓ/hr/70kg |
A. | 5 hours |
B. | 10 hours |
C. | 12.5 hours |
D. | 15 hours |
E. | 20 hours |
Answer» B. 10 hours |
26. |
All of the following drugs exhibit flow dependent elimination EXCEPT |
A. | Atenolol |
B. | Isoniazid |
C. | Propoxyphene |
D. | Amitriptylline |
E. | Lignocaine |
Answer» A. Atenolol |
27. |
Which of the following undergoes a phase I hydrolysis reaction? (biotransformation) |
A. | Ethanol |
B. | Naloxone |
C. | Morphine |
D. | Lignocaine |
E. | Diazepam |
Answer» D. Lignocaine |
28. |
Which of the following undergoes acetylation in the liver? (Phase 2 biotransformation) |
A. | Isoniazid |
B. | Acetaminophen |
C. | Salicylic acid |
D. | Epinephrine |
E. | Diazepam |
Answer» A. Isoniazid |
29. |
A D Response B C Concentration Which of these drugs is the most efficacious? |
A. | Drugs A and B |
B. | Drug C |
C. | Drugs A and D |
D. | Drugs D and C |
E. | Drug A |
Answer» C. Drugs A and D |
30. |
Referring to the graph in question 9 – which of the drugs is most potent? |
A. | A |
B. | B |
C. | C |
D. | D |
E. | A and B |
Answer» A. A |
31. |
EC50 is |
A. | Measured with a radioactive receptor |
B. | Always equal to Kd |
C. | Drug concentration with 50% receptors bound |
D. | Representation of the receptors affinity for drug binding |
E. | Drug concentration with 50% of maximal drug effect |
Answer» E. Drug concentration with 50% of maximal drug effect |
32. |
Which of the following will NOT alter the volume of distribution of a drug? |
A. | Cardiac failure |
B. | Clearance |
C. | Age |
D. | Burns |
E. | Pleural effusion |
Answer» B. Clearance |
33. |
Volume of distribution equals |
A. | Dose given/plasma concentration |
B. | Total amount of drug in the body/plasma concentration |
C. | Urine drug concentration/plasma concentration |
D. | Dose given/urine concentration |
E. | Urine drug concentration/plasma concentration |
Answer» B. Total amount of drug in the body/plasma concentration |
34. |
Which of the following drugs undergoes rate limited elimination? |
A. | Lignocaine |
B. | Morphine |
C. | Warfarin |
D. | Propanolol |
E. | Aspirin |
Answer» E. Aspirin |
35. |
Ligand gated channel receptors include all of the following EXCEPT |
A. | GABA |
B. | Aspartate |
C. | Glycine |
D. | Glutamate |
E. | Ach-muscarinic |
Answer» E. Ach-muscarinic |
36. |
Regarding receptor regulation |
A. | Receptor down regulation occurs over hours – days |
B. | Receptor responses to drugs often “desensitise” with time – this desensitisation is usually irreversible |
C. | The mechanism of agonist induced desensitisation of the nicotinic Ach receptor has been worked out in detail |
D. | All “internalised” receptors are degraded by lysosomes |
E. | None of the above are correct |
Answer» A. Receptor down regulation occurs over hours – days |
37. |
Which of the following acts on intracellular receptors |
A. | Serotonin |
B. | Glucagon |
C. | Corticosteroids |
D. | GABA |
E. | Insulin |
Answer» C. Corticosteroids |
38. |
Which of the following has ↑ bioavailability in the neonate when compared with older children/adults? |
A. | Penicillin |
B. | Digoxin |
C. | Acetaminophen |
D. | Diazepam |
E. | Phenobarbital |
Answer» A. Penicillin |
39. |
First order kinetics |
A. | Means rate of reaction is proportional to concentration |
B. | Are more common than zero order kinetics |
C. | Apply to exponential processes |
D. | Generally apply to high plasma concentrations (>20mg/100ml) of ethanol |
E. | Result in steady state concentrations after multiple dosing |
Answer» D. Generally apply to high plasma concentrations (>20mg/100ml) of ethanol |
40. |
A single compartment model means that |
A. | One exponential term describes the decreasing plasma concentration of the drug |
B. | A single exponential term describes the rise in plasma concentration following oral administration |
C. | The drug does not penetrate tissues |
D. | The drug is restricted to the ECF |
E. | The drug is highly ionised |
Answer» A. One exponential term describes the decreasing plasma concentration of the drug |
Done Reading?