160+ Environmental Science Solved MCQs

1.

In an ecotone, the species which become abundant are called:

A. Edge species
B. Keystone species
C. Endemic species
D. Foster species
Answer» A. Edge species
2.

The objective of Environment studies is

A. Raise consciousness about environment conditions
B. To teach environmentally appropriate behavior
C. Create an environmental ethic sensitive society
D. All of the above
Answer» D. All of the above
3.

Which of the following is not influenced by human activities?

A. Destruction of mangroves and wetlands
B. Depletion of ground water
C. Increased extinction rate of species
D. None of the above
Answer» D. None of the above
4.

Which of the following is management option for air pollution?

A. Regulations and standards
B. Transport planning
C. Using CNG as fuel
D. All of these
Answer» D. All of these
5.

Development activities on the hydrosphere cause

A. Air pollution
B. Soil pollution
C. Water pollution
D. Soil erosion
Answer» C. Water pollution
6.

The species restricted to be present in one region are called

A. Edge species
B. Endemic species
C. Endangered species
D. Keystone species
Answer» B. Endemic species
7.

The basic requirements of human beings are provided by

A. Industrialization
B. Agriculture
C. Nature
D. Urbanization
Answer» C. Nature
8.

Environment is the life support system that includes

A. Air
B. Water
C. Land
D. All of the above
Answer» D. All of the above
9.

The term ‘Environment’ has been derived from the French word which means to encircle or surround

A. Environ
B. Oikos
C. Geo
D. Aqua
Answer» A. Environ
10.

Biosphere is

A. The solid shell of inorganic materials on the surface of the earth
B. The thin shell of organic matter on the surface of the earth comprising of all the living things
C. The sphere which occupies the maximum volume of all the spheres
D. All the above
Answer» B. The thin shell of organic matter on the surface of the earth comprising of all the living things
11.

Atmosphere consists of 79 percent Nitrogen and 21 percent Oxygen by

A. Volume
B. Weight
C. Density
D. All of these
Answer» B. Weight
12.

The word ‘Environment’ is derived from

A. Greek
B. French
C. Spanish
D. English
Answer» B. French
13.

Which among the following is a climatic factor?

A. pressure
B. humidity
C. temperature
D. all of the above
Answer» D. all of the above
14.

World environment day is on:

A. 5th May
B. 5th June
C. 18th July
D. 16th August
Answer» B. 5th June
15.

Which of the following are major environmental issues involved in mining?

A. air pollution
B. water pollution
C. soil degradation
D. all of the above
Answer» D. all of the above
16.

Sustainable development means

A. meeting present needs without compromising on future needs
B. progress of human beings
C. balance between human needs and the ability of earth to provide the resources
D. all of the above
Answer» C. balance between human needs and the ability of earth to provide the resources
17.

The most important remedy to avoid negative impact due to industrialization is

A. industry should be closed
B. don’t allow new industrial units
C. industry should treat all the wastes generated by it before disposal
D. industries should be shifted far away from human habitats
Answer» C. industry should treat all the wastes generated by it before disposal
18.

Sustainable development will not aim at

A. Social economic development which optimizes the economic and social benefits available in the present, without spoiling the likely potential for similar benefits in the future
B. Reasonable and equally distributed level of economic well-being that can be perpetuated continually
C. Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations to meet their own needs
D. Maximizing the present day benefits through increased resource consumption
Answer» C. Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations to meet their own needs
19.

The adverse effect of modern agriculture is

A. Water pollution
B. Soil degradation
C. Water logging
D. All of the above
Answer» B. Soil degradation
20.

Soil erosion removes surface soil which contains

A. Organic matter
B. Plant nutrients
C. Both a and b
D. none of the above
Answer» A. Organic matter
21.

Water logging is a phenomenon in which

A. Crop patterns are rotated
B. Soil root zone becomes saturated due to over irrigation
C. Erosion of soil
D. None of the above
Answer» B. Soil root zone becomes saturated due to over irrigation
22.

The impact of construction of dams

A. Submerged forest
B. Loss of wild life habitat
C. Damages downstream ecosystem
D. All of the above
Answer» D. All of the above
23.

What would you do to prevent environmental damage

A. Plant trees
B. Halt deforestation
C. Control pollution
D. All of the above
Answer» D. All of the above
24.

Environmental impact assessment

A. is the study of feasibility of a project
B. is a study of bio-physical characteristics of the environment that may result from a human action
C. Both a and b
D. None of the above
Answer» B. is a study of bio-physical characteristics of the environment that may result from a human action
25.

Which of the following is the most environmental friendly agricultural practice?

A. Using chemical fertilizers
B. Using insecticides
C. Organic farming
D. None of the above
Answer» C. Organic farming
26.

A herbivore is also known as a

A. Producer
B. First order consumer
C. Second order consumer.
D. Third order consumer
Answer» B. First order consumer
27.

A product of photosynthesis is

A. Carbon dioxide
B. Water
C. Oxygen
D. Chlorophyll
Answer» C. Oxygen
28.

Primary source of energy in a food web is/are

A. Green plants
B. Sun
C. Inorganic nutrients
D. Animals
Answer» B. Sun
29.

A group of living organisms of the same kind living in the same place and at the same time refers to a

A. Community
B. Species
C. Population
D. Consumers
Answer» C. Population
30.

Which of these organisms has a diet consisting only of plant matter

A. Omnivores
B. Carnivores
C. Herbivores
D. Insectivores
Answer» C. Herbivores
31.

The true end of any food chain is the

A. Decomposer
B. Predator
C. Consumer
D. Human
Answer» A. Decomposer
32.

The second trophic level in a lake is

A. Phytoplankton
B. Zooplanktons
C. Fishes
D. Benthos
Answer» B. Zooplanktons
33.

Which of the following can act as a pioneer species in a xerach succession

A. Lichens
B. Humans
C. Herbs
D. Animals
Answer» A. Lichens
34.

Energy flow in an ecosystem is

A. Bidirectional
B. Unidirectional
C. Multidirectional
D. All rounds
Answer» B. Unidirectional
35.

Which of the following is an example of a man-made ecosystem

A. Tissue culture
B. Herbarium
C. Aquarium
D. Forest
Answer» C. Aquarium
36.

Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem is always

A. Inverted
B. Upright
C. Linear
D. Irregular
Answer» B. Upright
37.

If in a population, natality is balanced by mortality, then there will be

A. Decrease in population growth
B. Increase in population growth
C. Zero population growth
D. Over population
Answer» C. Zero population growth
38.

In a pyramid of numbers in grassland ecosystems, the largest population is that of

A. Herbivores
B. Primary consumers
C. Secondary consumer
D. Producers
Answer» A. Herbivores
39.

Which of these belong to the category of primary consumers in grazing food chain

A. snakes and frogs
B. Insects and cattle
C. Eagle and snakes
D. Cow and rabbit
Answer» D. Cow and rabbit
40.

The pyramid of energy is always upright for any ecosystem, this situation indicates that

A. Herbivores have better energy conversion efficiency than carnivores
B. Producers have the lowest energy conversion efficiency
C. Carnivores have a better energy conversion efficacy than herbivores
D. Energy conversion efficiency is same at all trophic levels
Answer» D. Energy conversion efficiency is same at all trophic levels
41.

Which of the ecological pyramid is always upright

A. Pyramid of numbers
B. Pyramid of biomass
C. Pyramid of energy
D. All of the above
Answer» C. Pyramid of energy
42.

Which one of the following is not a gaseous biogeochemical cycle

A. Nitrogen cycle
B. Carbon cycle
C. Sulphur cycle
D. Phosphorus cycle
Answer» D. Phosphorus cycle
43.

Deserts, grasslands, forests and tundra regions are the examples of

A. Biomes
B. Biogeographically regions
C. Ecosystems
D. Biospheres
Answer» C. Ecosystems
44.

The upright pyramid of numbers is absent in

A. Lake
B. Pond
C. Grasslands
D. Forests
Answer» D. Forests
45.

The final stable community in ecological succession is

A. Climax
B. Pioneer
C. Sere
D. Carnivores
Answer» A. Climax
46.

Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any given time is called

A. Standing state
B. Standing crop
C. Humus
D. Detritus
Answer» B. Standing crop
47.

Hydrarch succession takes place in

A. Dry areas
B. Bare area
C. Wetter areas
D. None of the above
Answer» C. Wetter areas
48.

Which of the following is a fossil fuel?

A. Oil
B. Coal
C. Natural gas
D. All of the above
Answer» B. Coal
49.

Which of the following is not an inexhaustible form of energy?

A. Water
B. Wind
C. Solar
D. Fossil
Answer» C. Solar
50.

Biogas contains mainly

A. Methane
B. Propane
C. Butane
D. Carbon dioxide
Answer» A. Methane
51.

The burning of fossil fuels releases a large amount of

A. Nitrogen into air
B. Sulphur into air
C. Carbon dioxide into air
D. Oxygen into air
Answer» B. Sulphur into air
52.

A poisonous gas given out of a vehicle exhaust is

A. Methane
B. Ethane
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Carbon monoxide
Answer» D. Carbon monoxide
53.

The purest form of coal is

A. Anthracite
B. Lignite
C. Peat
D. Bitumen
Answer» C. Peat
54.

Which one of the following is used as a refrigerant?

A. Freon
B. Teflon
C. Ethanol
D. Benzol
Answer» A. Freon
55.

Loss of forest has led to

A. Erosion of fertile soil
B. Global warming
C. Loss of habitat of plants and animals
D. All of the above
Answer» D. All of the above
56.

What are the consequences of excessive mining in an area?

A. Air and water pollution
B. Deforestation
C. Migration of large numbers of population
D. All of the above
Answer» D. All of the above
57.

Resources which are directly derived from nature are referred to as

A. Organic resources
B. Natural resources
C. Manmade resources
D. None of the above
Answer» B. Natural resources
58.

Resources that take too long a period of time to be used as a resource are called as

A. Renewable resource
B. Non-renewable resource
C. Exhaustible resource
D. Inexhaustible resource
Answer» D. Inexhaustible resource
59.

The fossil fuel that is derived from the dead remains of plants that grew some 250 million years ago is

A. Petroleum
B. Natural gas
C. Coal
D. LPG
Answer» C. Coal
60.

A resource that cannot be replaced in a reasonably short time is usually referred to as

A. Renewable
B. Non-renewable
C. Natural
D. Man made
Answer» B. Non-renewable
61.

Manmade resources are alternative to natural resources for a variety of reasons. Which of these would not be one of those?

A. They increase variety and choice
B. They are cheaper to produce than natural resources
C. They are made from renewable resources
D. They are better suited for the purpose for which they will be used
Answer» C. They are made from renewable resources
62.

Which of these is not a fossil fuel?

A. Coal
B. Oil
C. Natural gas
D. Uranium
Answer» D. Uranium
63.

A liquid fuel that was formed from the ancient remains of sea plants and animals is

A. Natural gas
B. Petroleum
C. Geothermal energy
D. Coal
Answer» B. Petroleum
64.

Energy in the rays from the sun is called

A. Solar energy
B. Wind energy
C. Tidal energy
D. Water energy
Answer» A. Solar energy
65.

Which is a list of renewable resources?

A. Petroleum, geothermal, wind
B. Biomass, geothermal, hydropower
C. Natural gas, wind, biomass
D. Hydropower, solar, wind energy
Answer» D. Hydropower, solar, wind energy
66.

Energy from the heat inside the earth is

A. Natural gas
B. Geothermal
C. Petroleum
D. Terrathermal
Answer» B. Geothermal
67.

A coal deposit that is not economical to mine today would be considered part of our ___________

A. Coal reserves
B. Coal resources
C. Coal reservoirs
D. None of these
Answer» A. Coal reserves
68.

Which out of the following are the causes of soil erosion?

A. Unrestricted grazing
B. Over cultivation
C. Deforestation
D. All of the above
Answer» D. All of the above
69.

The process of restoring forests that once existed but was removed at some time in the past is known as

A. Afforestation
B. Reforestation
C. Deforestation
D. None of these
Answer» B. Reforestation
70.

Red data book contains data of

A. All plant species
B. All animal species
C. Threatened species
D. Economically important species
Answer» C. Threatened species
71.

IUCN Headquarters is at

A. Morges, Switzerland
B. Paris, France
C. Vienna, Austria
D. New York, USA
Answer» A. Morges, Switzerland
72.

Which of the following regions has the maximum diversity?

A. Mangroves
B. Temperate forest
C. Taiga
D. Coral reefs
Answer» D. Coral reefs
73.

The most important reason for decrease in biodiversity is

A. Habitat pollution
B. Over exploitation
C. Habitat destruction
D. Introduction of exotic species
Answer» C. Habitat destruction
74.

Dodo is

A. Endangered species
B. Rare species
C. Extinct species
D. Exotic species
Answer» C. Extinct species
75.

Blue whale is placed under

A. Endangered
B. Rare
C. Extinct
D. Exotic
Answer» A. Endangered
76.

Conservation within the natural habitat is

A. Ex-situ conservation
B. In-situ conservation
C. Ex-vivo conservation
D. In-vivo conservation
Answer» B. In-situ conservation
77.

Which one of the following is not included under in situ conservation?

A. Zoo
B. National Park
C. Wild life Sanctuary
D. Biosphere Reserve
Answer» A. Zoo
78.

Ex-situ conservation includes

A. Zoo
B. Botanical Garden
C. Germplasm Bank
D. All of the above
Answer» D. All of the above
79.

Hotspots are regions of high

A. Rareism
B. Endemism
C. Diversity
D. Critically endangered population
Answer» C. Diversity
80.

Endemic species are

A. Rare species
B. Species localized in a specific region
C. Cosmopolitan in distribution
D. None of these
Answer» B. Species localized in a specific region
81.

Which one of the following has the maximum genetic diversity in India?

A. Tea
B. Teak
C. Mango
D. Wheat
Answer» C. Mango
82.

Which one of the following regions in India is a hotspot of biodiversity?

A. Sundarbans
B. Western Ghats
C. Eastern Ghats
D. Gangetic plains
Answer» B. Western Ghats
83.

Darwin’s finches are a good example of

A. Convergent evolution
B. Adaptive radiation
C. Connecting link
D. Industrial melanism
Answer» B. Adaptive radiation
84.

Which group of vertebrates comprises of highest number of species

A. Mammals
B. Fishes
C. Reptiles
D. Birds
Answer» B. Fishes
85.

5th June is observed as

A. World environment day
B. World forest day
C. World population day
D. World wildlife day
Answer» A. World environment day
86.

The unfavorable alteration of environment by human activities is termed as

A. Ecological disturbance
B. Ecological degradation
C. Pollution
D. Catastrophe
Answer» B. Ecological degradation
87.

Biogas contains mainly

A. Carbon dioxide
B. Methane
C. Butane
D. Propane
Answer» B. Methane
88.

Main source of acid rain is

A. Sulphur dioxide
B. Nitrogen
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Carbon monoxide
Answer» A. Sulphur dioxide
89.

Treated water can be disinfected by adding

A. Alum
B. Fluorine
C. Chlorine
D. Oxygen
Answer» C. Chlorine
90.

The burning of fossil fuels releases large amount of

A. Nitrogen
B. Sulphur
C. Carbon
D. Hydrogen
Answer» B. Sulphur
91.

Which of the following does not causes air pollution when used for heating purposes

A. Coal
B. Petrol
C. Kerosene
D. Solar energy
Answer» D. Solar energy
92.

A pH of rainwater is

A. 5-6
B. 6-7
C. 7-8
D. 8-9
Answer» A. 5-6
93.

A poisonous gas given out of vehicles exhaust is

A. Carbon monoxide
B. Ethane
C. Methane
D. Carbon dioxide
Answer» A. Carbon monoxide
94.

A common bactericide used in swimming pools is

A. Chlorine
B. Alum
C. Borax
D. DDT
Answer» A. Chlorine
95.

Greenhouse effect is linked to

A. Nitrogen oxides
B. Sulphur dioxides
C. Carbon dioxides
D. Carbon monoxides
Answer» C. Carbon dioxides
96.

Disposable glasses and plates are made up of

A. PVC
B. Polystyrene
C. Polyvinyl alcohol
D. Polypropylene
Answer» D. Polypropylene
97.

Aerosols consisting of solid particles produced by combustion

A. Fog
B. Smog
C. Smoke
D. None of these
Answer» B. Smog
98.

Which of the following are consequences of ozone depletion

A. Skin cancer and cataract
B. Reduced growth in plants
C. Shortening of zooplanktons and their breeding period
D. All of the above
Answer» A. Skin cancer and cataract
99.

Which out of the following is a measure to control air pollution

A. Reduction in use of fossil fuels
B. Increasing use of renewable energy resources
C. Using catalytic convertors in vehicles
D. All of the above
Answer» D. All of the above
100.

The discharge of warm/hot water directly into rivers is known as

A. Water pollution
B. Thermal pollution
C. Marine pollution
D. None of the above
Answer» B. Thermal pollution
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