…………….transformed the caliphate into a hereditary office.

Related MCQs

• The Caliphate rule in the Islamic world stretches over a vast span of time from 632 to 1924, from the death of the Prophet to the year when Mustaffa Kamal Pasha of …………….officially abolished the last Caliphate, the Ottoman Empire and founded the Republic of Turkey.
• After the rule of the pious caliphs, the caliphate was ruled by the Umayyad Caliphate, followed by the……………..
• …………….a relative of Uthman and the governor of Syria captured power of the caliphate after the death of Ali and founded the Umayyad caliphate or the Umayyad dynasty.
• In the later period the …………………emperors implemented the ‘Feng-Chien’ system by which trusted officials and imperial relatives were appointed on a permanent basis in the strategic areas of the empire, which in course of time became hereditary.
• In fact Caliphate was the first system of government established in Arabia after the death of the Prophet in ………….. AD.
• The internal problems finally led to the collapse of the Umayyads and the beginning of the Abbasid Caliphate in …………….. AD.
• The reign of ……………….is often characterized as the ‘golden period’ of the Abbasid caliphate.
• It is reported that the last Caliph at Cairo surrendered the Caliphate to the Ottoman ruler and then onwards the Ottomans began to be known as the Caliphs, which lasted up to…………..
• ……………… was the land granted to the army officials by the rulers of the Islamic empire of the Caliphate, for limited periods, in lieu of regular salary.
• …………….is the office occupied by the Pope as the spiritual head of the Roman Catholic Church, the bishop of Rome.