What role did the Mappilas play in the resistance against Portuguese colonialism in Kerala during the 16th century?

The Mappilas, also known as Moplas, played a significant role in resisting Portuguese colonialism in Kerala during the 16th century. Here are some key points:

• The Mappilas, being a seafaring community, were among the first to encounter and resist Portuguese attempts to monopolize the spice trade.
• They formed alliances with local rulers, particularly the Zamorin of Calicut, to counter Portuguese aggression.
• The Kunjali Marakkars, a prominent Mappila family, led naval forces against the Portuguese. Four generations of Kunjali Marakkars served as admirals to the Zamorin.
• Kunjali Marakkar IV, also known as Mohammed Kunjali, was particularly famous for his naval tactics and guerrilla warfare against the Portuguese.
• The Mappilas engaged in numerous sea battles, disrupting Portuguese trade routes and attacking their ships.
• They also provided intelligence to other Indian rulers about Portuguese movements and strategies.
• The resistance of the Mappilas helped prevent the Portuguese from establishing a stronghold in Malabar similar to what they had in Goa.

This resistance was crucial in maintaining the cultural and religious identity of the region and limiting Portuguese influence in Kerala.