McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy (BA Philosophy) , Master of Arts in Philosophy (MA Philosophy) .
| 201. |
The two types of statements dealt within propositional logic are …………………… |
| A. | singular and general statements |
| B. | universal affirmative and universal negative statements |
| C. | particular affirmative and particular negative statements |
| D. | simple and compound statements. |
| Answer» D. simple and compound statements. | |
| 202. |
In a conditional, the component statement that follows the “if” is called …………… |
| A. | the “consequent” |
| B. | the “antecedent” |
| C. | the “conjunct” |
| D. | the “disjunct” |
| Answer» B. the “antecedent” | |
| 203. |
In a conditional, the component statement that follows the “then” is called ………. |
| A. | the “antecedent” |
| B. | the “consequent” |
| C. | the “disjunct” |
| D. | the “conjunct” |
| Answer» B. the “consequent” | |
| 204. |
The two component statements of conjunction are called…………………………….. |
| A. | the “antecedents” |
| B. | ”disjuncts” |
| C. | “conjuncts” |
| D. | the “consequents” |
| Answer» C. “conjuncts” | |
| 205. |
The two component statements of disjunction are called ………………………………. |
| A. | ” conjuncts” |
| B. | the “consequents” |
| C. | “disjuncts” |
| D. | the “antecedents” |
| Answer» C. “disjuncts” | |
| 206. |
When two statements are combined by using the phrase “if and only if”, the resulting compound statement is called ………………………………………….. |
| A. | conditional statement |
| B. | bi-conditional statement |
| C. | disjunctive statement |
| D. | conjunctive statement |
| Answer» B. bi-conditional statement | |
| 207. |
Bi-conditional statement is also called …………………. |
| A. | implication |
| B. | logical equivalence |
| C. | material implication |
| D. | material equivalence |
| Answer» D. material equivalence | |
| 208. |
Conditional statement is also called…………………………………. |
| A. | implication |
| B. | material equivalence |
| C. | logical equivalence |
| D. | conjunction |
| Answer» A. implication | |
| 209. |
The phrase “if and only if” is used to express………………………………………………………. |
| A. | sufficient condition |
| B. | both sufficient and necessary condition |
| C. | necessary condition |
| D. | no condition |
| Answer» B. both sufficient and necessary condition | |
| 210. |
A compound proposition whose truth-value is completely determined by the truth-values of it’s component statements is called ……………………. |
| A. | bi -conditional |
| B. | non- truth-functional |
| C. | conditional |
| D. | truth-functional |
| Answer» D. truth-functional | |
| 211. |
………………………….. Symbol is used for conjunction |
| A. | The dot “.” |
| B. | the tilde “ ~ ” |
| C. | the vel ”v” |
| D. | the horse shoe” Ͻ” |
| Answer» A. The dot “.” | |
| 212. |
………………………….. Symbol is used for weak disjunction |
| A. | the vel ”v” |
| B. | The dot “.” |
| C. | the horse shoe” Ͻ” |
| D. | the tilde “ ~ ” |
| Answer» A. the vel ”v” | |
| 213. |
………………………….. Symbol is used for negation |
| A. | the horse shoe” Ͻ” |
| B. | the vel ”v” |
| C. | the tilde “ ~ ” |
| D. | The dot “.” |
| Answer» C. the tilde “ ~ ” | |
| 214. |
…………………………..Symbol is used for bi –conditional |
| A. | the tilde “ ~ ” |
| B. | ”v” |
| C. | ” Ͻ” |
| D. | “ ≡ “ |
| Answer» D. “ ≡ “ | |
| 215. |
A conjunction is true if and only if ………………………………………. |
| A. | at least one conjunct is true |
| B. | both of it’s conjuncts are true |
| C. | both conjuncts are false |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. both of it’s conjuncts are true | |
| 216. |
Inclusive or weak disjunction is false only in case ………………………………………………. |
| A. | both of it’s disjuncts are false |
| B. | at least one disjunct is false |
| C. | both disjuncts are true |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. both of it’s disjuncts are false | |
| 217. |
The dot “ . ”symbol is…………………………………….. |
| A. | a truth-functional operator |
| B. | a statement variable |
| C. | propositional function |
| D. | a truth-functional connective |
| Answer» D. a truth-functional connective | |
| 218. |
The curl “ “ is …………………………………………………….. |
| A. | propositional function |
| B. | a statement variable |
| C. | a truth-functional connective |
| D. | a truth-functional operator |
| Answer» D. a truth-functional operator | |
| 219. |
Gopal is either intelligent or hard working’ is an example for ………………………… |
| A. | bi-conditional |
| B. | implication |
| C. | inclusive or weak disjunction |
| D. | exclusive or strong disjunction |
| Answer» C. inclusive or weak disjunction | |
| 220. |
‘Today is Thursday or Saturday’ is an example for……………………………….. |
| A. | implication |
| B. | exclusive disjunction |
| C. | inclusive disjunction |
| D. | bi conditional |
| Answer» B. exclusive disjunction | |
| 221. |
’If you study well, then you will pass the examination’ is an example for …………… |
| A. | implication |
| B. | bi-conditional |
| C. | disjunction |
| D. | conjunction |
| Answer» A. implication | |
| 222. |
A conditional statement asserts that in any case in which it’s antecedent is true, it’s consequent is …………………………… |
| A. | not true |
| B. | true or false |
| C. | false |
| D. | true also |
| Answer» D. true also | |
| 223. |
or a conditional to be true the conjunction “ p. q “ must be ………………. |
| A. | true or false |
| B. | true |
| C. | false |
| D. | undetermined. |
| Answer» C. false | |
| 224. |
No real connection between antecedent and consequent is suggested by ………… |
| A. | decisional implication |
| B. | material implication |
| C. | causal implication |
| D. | definitional implication |
| Answer» B. material implication | |
| 225. |
“it is not the case that the antecedent is true and the consequent is false” is symbolized as………………………………………. |
| A. | p . q ) |
| B. | p . q |
| C. | p . q |
| D. | p . q |
| Answer» A. p . q ) | |
| 226. |
‘ q if p ‘ is symbolized as………………………………. |
| A. | ‘q Ͻ p’ |
| B. | ‘p ≡ q’ |
| C. | ‘p v q’ |
| D. | ’ p Ͻ q ‘ |
| Answer» D. ’ p Ͻ q ‘ | |
| 227. |
“p only if q “ is symbolized as ………………………. |
| A. | ‘p ≡ q’ |
| B. | ‘ p Ͻ q ‘ |
| C. | ‘q Ͻ p’ |
| D. | ‘p v q’ |
| Answer» B. ‘ p Ͻ q ‘ | |
| 228. |
’ The conjunction of p with the disjunction of q with r’, is symbolized as ……. |
| A. | ( p vq ) . r |
| B. | ( p . q ) v r |
| C. | p . ( q v r ) |
| D. | p v ( q . r ) |
| Answer» C. p . ( q v r ) | |
| 229. |
‘The disjunction whose first disjunct is the conjunction of p and q and whose second disjunct is r ‘ is symbolized as ……………………….. |
| A. | p v ( q . r ) |
| B. | ( p vq ) . r |
| C. | p . ( q v r ) |
| D. | ( p . q ) v r |
| Answer» D. ( p . q ) v r | |
| 230. |
The negaton of A V B is symbolized as ……………… |
| A. | A v B |
| B. | ( A V B ) |
| C. | A V B |
| D. | A V B |
| Answer» B. ( A V B ) | |
| 231. |
‘ A and B will not both be selected ’ is symbolized as ……………………….. |
| A. | ( A . B ) |
| B. | A v B |
| C. | A V B |
| D. | A . B |
| Answer» A. ( A . B ) | |
| 232. |
Ramesh and Dinesh will both not be elected. |
| A. | A V B |
| B. | A . B |
| C. | ( A . B ) |
| D. | A v B |
| Answer» B. A . B | |
| 233. |
An argument can be proved invalid by constructing another argument of the same form with ……………………. |
| A. | false premises and false conclusion |
| B. | true premises and false conclusion |
| C. | true premises and true conclusion |
| D. | false premises and true conclusion |
| Answer» B. true premises and false conclusion | |
| 234. |
…………………………… can be defined as an array of symbols containing statement variables but no statements, such that when statements are substituted for statement variables- the same statement being substituted for the same statement variable throughout – the result is an argument |
| A. | specific statement form |
| B. | A statement form |
| C. | An argument form |
| D. | An argument |
| Answer» C. An argument form | |
| 235. |
Any argument that results from the substitution of statements for statement variables in an argument form is called ……………………………… |
| A. | invalid argument |
| B. | valid argument |
| C. | the specific form |
| D. | a “ substitution instance” of that argument form |
| Answer» D. a “ substitution instance” of that argument form | |
| 236. |
In case an argument is produced by substituting a different simple statement for each different statement variable in an argument form, that argument form is called …………………… |
| A. | the “specific form” of that argument |
| B. | a “ substitution instance” of that argument form |
| C. | valid argument |
| D. | invalid argument |
| Answer» A. the “specific form” of that argument | |
| 237. |
If the specific form of a given argument has any substitution instance whose premises are true and whose conclusion is false, then the given argument is. |
| A. | valid |
| B. | invalid |
| C. | valid or invalid |
| D. | sound |
| Answer» B. invalid | |
| 238. |
Refutation by logical analogy is based on the fact that any argument whose specific form is an invalid argument form is ……………………….. |
| A. | sound |
| B. | a contradiction |
| C. | an invalid argument. |
| D. | a valid argument |
| Answer» C. an invalid argument. | |
| 239. |
Fallacy of Affirming the Consequent- is symbolized as |
| A. | P Ͻ q |
| B. | P Ͻ q |
| C. | P Ͻ q |
| D. | P Ͻ q |
| Answer» C. P Ͻ q | |
| 240. |
Fallacy of Denyingthe Antecedent- is symbolized as |
| A. | P Ͻ q |
| B. | P Ͻ q |
| C. | P Ͻ q |
| D. | P Ͻ q |
| Answer» C. P Ͻ q | |
| 241. |
’statement form from which the statement results by substituting a different simple statement for each different statement variable’ is called …………………….. |
| A. | the specific form of a given argument |
| B. | tautology |
| C. | contradiction |
| D. | the specific form of a given statement |
| Answer» D. the specific form of a given statement | |
| 242. |
A statement form that has only true substitution instances is called …………………… |
| A. | a “ tautologous statement form “ or a “ tautology” |
| B. | a self-contradictory statement form or contradiction |
| C. | A contingent statement form |
| D. | specific statement form |
| Answer» A. a “ tautologous statement form “ or a “ tautology” | |
| 243. |
Statement forms that have both true and false statements among their substitution instances are called …………………………………………….. |
| A. | tautologous statement forms |
| B. | contingent statement forms |
| C. | self-contradictory statement forms |
| D. | specific statement forms |
| Answer» B. contingent statement forms | |
| 244. |
Two statements are ………………… when their material equivalence is a tautology |
| A. | self-contradictory |
| B. | contingent |
| C. | logically equivalent |
| D. | materially implying |
| Answer» C. logically equivalent | |
| 245. |
…………………. statements have the same meaning and may be substituted for one another |
| A. | Materially equivalent |
| B. | Logically equivalent |
| C. | Tautologous |
| D. | self-contradictory |
| Answer» B. Logically equivalent | |
| 246. |
p v q) is logically equivalent to ……………………………….. |
| A. | p . q |
| B. | p v q |
| C. | p v q |
| D. | p v q |
| Answer» A. p . q | |
| 247. |
. p . q) is logically equivalent to ………………………………….. |
| A. | p v q |
| B. | p . q |
| C. | p v q |
| D. | p v q |
| Answer» C. p v q | |
| 248. |
An argument form is valid if and only if it’s expression in the form of a conditional statement is …………… |
| A. | a contradiction |
| B. | a biconditional |
| C. | a tautology |
| D. | material implication |
| Answer» C. a tautology | |
| 249. |
“If a statement is true, then it is implied by any statement whatever” is symbolized as |
| A. | p Ͻ (p Ͻ q) |
| B. | p Ͻ (q Ͻ p) |
| C. | p Ͻ (P Ͻ q) |
| D. | p Ͻ (q Ͻ p) |
| Answer» B. p Ͻ (q Ͻ p) | |
| 250. |
“ If a statement is false, then it implies any statement whatever” |
| A. | p Ͻ (P Ͻ q) |
| B. | p Ͻ (p Ͻ q) |
| C. | p Ͻ (q Ͻ p) |
| D. | p Ͻ (q Ͻ p) |
| Answer» A. p Ͻ (P Ͻ q) | |
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