Q.

Under which market condition do firms have excess capacity?

A. Perfect compettion
B. Monopolistic competition
C. Duopoly
D. Oligopoly
Answer» B. Monopolistic competition
Explanation: Unlike a perfectly competitive firm, a monopolistically competitive firm ends up choosing a level of output that is below its minimum efficient scale. When the firm produces below its minimum efficient scale, it is under-utilizing its available resources. In this situation, the firm is said to have excess capacity because it can easily accommodate an increase in product ion. This excess capacity is the major social cost of a mo-nopolistically competitive market structure.
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