McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Master of Science in Computer Science (MSc CS) .
| 1. |
Of the following, _________ has the maximum frequency. |
| A. | uv rays |
| B. | gamma rays |
| C. | microwaves |
| D. | radio waves |
| Answer» B. gamma rays | |
| Explanation: gamma rays come first in the electromagnetic spectrum sorted in the decreasing order of frequency. | |
| 2. |
In the Visible spectrum the ______ colour has the maximum wavelength. |
| A. | violet |
| B. | blue |
| C. | red |
| D. | yellow |
| Answer» C. red | |
| Explanation: red is towards the right in the electromagnetic spectrum sorted in the increasing order of wavelength. | |
| 3. |
Wavelength and frequency are related as : (c = speed of light) |
| A. | c = wavelength / frequency |
| B. | frequency = wavelength / c |
| C. | wavelength = c * frequency |
| D. | c = wavelength * frequency |
| Answer» D. c = wavelength * frequency | |
| Explanation: it is usually written as wavelength = c / frequency. | |
| 4. |
Electromagnetic waves can be visualised as a |
| A. | sine wave |
| B. | cosine wave |
| C. | tangential wave |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. sine wave | |
| Explanation: electromagnetic waves are visualised as sinusoidal wave. | |
| 5. |
How is radiance measured? |
| A. | lumens |
| B. | watts |
| C. | armstrong |
| D. | hertz |
| Answer» B. watts | |
| Explanation: radiance is the total amount of energy that flows from the light source and is measured in watts. | |
| 6. |
Which of the following is used for chest and dental scans? |
| A. | hard x-rays |
| B. | soft x-rays |
| C. | radio waves |
| D. | infrared rays |
| Answer» B. soft x-rays | |
| Explanation: soft x-rays (low energy) are used for dental and chest scans. | |
| 7. |
Which of the following is impractical to measure? |
| A. | frequency |
| B. | radiance |
| C. | luminance |
| D. | brightness |
| Answer» D. brightness | |
| Explanation: brightness is subjective descriptor of light perception that is impossible to measure. | |
| 8. |
Massless particle containing a certain amount of energy is called |
| A. | photon |
| B. | shell |
| C. | electron |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» A. photon | |
| Explanation: each bundle of massless energy is called a photon. | |
| 9. |
What do you mean by achromatic light? |
| A. | chromatic light |
| B. | monochromatic light |
| C. | infrared light |
| D. | invisible light |
| Answer» B. monochromatic light | |
| Explanation: achromatic light is also called monochromatic light.(light void of color) | |
| 10. |
Which of the following embodies the achromatic notion of intensity? |
| A. | luminance |
| B. | brightness |
| C. | frequency |
| D. | radiance |
| Answer» B. brightness | |
| Explanation: brightness embodies the achromatic notion of intensity and is a key factor in describing color sensation. | |
| 11. |
Which of the following is a receptor in the retina of human eye? |
| A. | rods |
| B. | cones |
| C. | rods and cones |
| D. | neither rods nor cones |
| Answer» C. rods and cones | |
| Explanation: rods are long slender receptors while cones are shorter and thicker receptors. | |
| 12. |
How is image formation in the eye different from that in a photographic camera |
| A. | no difference |
| B. | variable focal length |
| C. | varying distance between lens and imaging plane |
| D. | fixed focal length |
| Answer» B. variable focal length | |
| Explanation: fibers in ciliary body vary shape of the lens thereby varying its focal length. | |
| 13. |
Range of light intensity levels to which the human eye can adapt (in Log of Intensity-mL) |
| A. | 10-6 to 10-4 |
| B. | 104 to 106 |
| C. | 10-6 to 104 |
| D. | 10-5 to 105 |
| Answer» C. 10-6 to 104 | |
| Explanation: range of light intensity to which human eye can adapt is enormous and about the order 1010 from 10-6 to 104. | |
| 14. |
What is subjective brightness? |
| A. | related to intensity |
| B. | related to brightness |
| C. | related to image perception |
| D. | related to image formation |
| Answer» A. related to intensity | |
| Explanation: it is the intensity as perceived by the human eye. | |
| 15. |
What is brightness adaptation? |
| A. | changing the eye’s overall sensitivity |
| B. | changing the eye’s imaging ability |
| C. | adjusting the focal length |
| D. | transition from scotopic to photopic vision |
| Answer» A. changing the eye’s overall sensitivity | |
| Explanation: the human eye a wide dynamic range by changing the eye’s overall sensitivity and this is called brightness adaptation. | |
| 16. |
The inner most membrane of the human eye is |
| A. | blind spot |
| B. | sclera |
| C. | choroid |
| D. | retina |
| Answer» D. retina | |
| Explanation: retina is the innermost membrane of the human eye. | |
| 17. |
What is the function of Iris? |
| A. | source of nutrition |
| B. | detect color |
| C. | varies focal length |
| D. | control amount of light |
| Answer» D. control amount of light | |
| Explanation: iris is responsible for controlling the amount of light that enters the human eye. | |
| 18. |
________ serve to a general, overall picture of the field of view. |
| A. | cones |
| B. | rods |
| C. | retina |
| D. | all of the mentioned |
| Answer» B. rods | |
| Explanation: rods produce an overall picture of the field of view. | |
| 19. |
Ratio of number of rods to the number of cones is _______ |
| A. | 1:20 |
| B. | 1:2 |
| C. | 1:1 |
| D. | 1:5 |
| Answer» A. 1:20 | |
| Explanation: no of rods: 6 to 7 million, no of rods: 75 to 150. | |
| 20. |
The absence of receptors is in the retinal area called _____________ |
| A. | lens |
| B. | ciliary body |
| C. | blind spot |
| D. | fovea |
| Answer» C. blind spot | |
| Explanation: except the blind spot, receptors are radially distributed. | |
| 21. |
The most familiar single sensor used for Image Acquisition is |
| A. | microdensitometer |
| B. | photodiode |
| C. | cmos |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» B. photodiode | |
| Explanation: photodiode is the most commonly used single sensor made up of silicon materials. | |
| 22. |
A geometry consisting of in-line arrangement of sensors for image acquisition |
| A. | a photodiode |
| B. | sensor strips |
| C. | sensor arrays |
| D. | cmos |
| Answer» B. sensor strips | |
| Explanation: sensor strips are very common next to single sensor and use in-line arrangement. | |
| 23. |
CAT in imaging stands for |
| A. | computer aided telegraphy |
| B. | computer aided tomography |
| C. | computerised axial telegraphy |
| D. | computerised axial tomography |
| Answer» D. computerised axial tomography | |
| Explanation: industrial computerised axial tomography is based on image acquisition using sensor strips. | |
| 24. |
The section of the real plane spanned by the coordinates of an image is called the _____________ |
| A. | spacial domain |
| B. | coordinate axes |
| C. | plane of symmetry |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» A. spacial domain | |
| Explanation: the section of the real plane spanned by the coordinates of an image is called the spacial domain, with the x and y coordinates referred to as spacial coordinates. | |
| 25. |
The difference is intensity between the highest and the lowest intensity levels in an image is ___________ |
| A. | noise |
| B. | saturation |
| C. | contrast |
| D. | brightness |
| Answer» C. contrast | |
| Explanation: contrast is the measure of the difference is intensity between the highest and the lowest intensity levels in an image. | |
| 26. |
_____________ is the effect caused by the use of an insufficient number of intensity levels in smooth areas of a digital image. |
| A. | gaussian smooth |
| B. | contouring |
| C. | false contouring |
| D. | interpolation |
| Answer» C. false contouring | |
| Explanation: it is called so because the ridges resemble the contours of a map. | |
| 27. |
The process of using known data to estimate values at unknown locations is called |
| A. | acquisition |
| B. | interpolation |
| C. | pixelation |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» B. interpolation | |
| Explanation: interpolation is the process used to estimate unknown locations. it is applied in all image resampling methods. | |
| 28. |
Which of the following is NOT an application of Image Multiplication? |
| A. | shading correction |
| B. | masking |
| C. | pixelation |
| D. | region of interest operations |
| Answer» C. pixelation | |
| Explanation: because pixelation deals with enlargement of pixels. | |
| 29. |
The procedure done on a digital image to alter the values of its individual pixels is |
| A. | neighbourhood operations |
| B. | image registration |
| C. | geometric spacial transformation |
| D. | single pixel operation |
| Answer» D. single pixel operation | |
| Explanation: it is expressed as a transformation function t, of the form s=t(z) , where z is the intensity. | |
| 30. |
In Geometric Spacial Transformation, points whose locations are known precisely in input and reference images. |
| A. | tie points |
| B. | r??seau points |
| C. | known points |
| D. | key-points |
| Answer» A. tie points | |
| Explanation: tie points, also called control points are points whose locations are known precisely in input and reference images. | |
| 31. |
A continuous image is digitised at _______ points. |
| A. | random |
| B. | vertex |
| C. | contour |
| D. | sampling |
| Answer» D. sampling | |
| Explanation: the sampling points are ordered in the plane and their relation is called a grid. | |
| 32. |
The transition between continuous values of the image function and its digital equivalent is called ______________ |
| A. | quantisation |
| B. | sampling |
| C. | rasterisation |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» A. quantisation | |
| Explanation: the transition between continuous values of the image function and its digital equivalent is called quantisation. | |
| 33. |
Images quantised with insufficient brightness levels will lead to the occurrence of ____________ |
| A. | pixillation |
| B. | blurring |
| C. | false contours |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. false contours | |
| Explanation: this effect arises when the number brightness levels is lower that which the human eye can distinguish. | |
| 34. |
The smallest discernible change in intensity level is called ____________ |
| A. | intensity resolution |
| B. | contour |
| C. | saturation |
| D. | contrast |
| Answer» A. intensity resolution | |
| Explanation: number of bits used to quantise intensity of an image is called intensity resolution. | |
| 35. |
What is the tool used in tasks such as zooming, shrinking, rotating, etc.? |
| A. | sampling |
| B. | interpolation |
| C. | filters |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» B. interpolation | |
| Explanation: interpolation is the basic tool used for zooming, shrinking, rotating, etc. | |
| 36. |
The type of Interpolation where for each new location the intensity of the immediate pixel is assigned is ___________ |
| A. | bicubic interpolation |
| B. | cubic interpolation |
| C. | bilinear interpolation |
| D. | nearest neighbour interpolation |
| Answer» D. nearest neighbour interpolation | |
| Explanation: its called as nearest neighbour interpolation since for each new location the intensity of the next neighbouring pixel is assigned. | |
| 37. |
The type of Interpolation where the intensity of the FOUR neighbouring pixels is used to obtain intensity a new location is called ___________ |
| A. | cubic interpolation |
| B. | nearest neighbour interpolation |
| C. | bilinear interpolation |
| D. | bicubic interpolation |
| Answer» B. nearest neighbour interpolation | |
| Explanation: bilinear interpolation is where the four neighbouring pixels is used to estimate intensity for a new location. | |
| 38. |
Dynamic range of imaging system is a ratio where the upper limit is determined by |
| A. | saturation |
| B. | noise |
| C. | brightness |
| D. | contrast |
| Answer» A. saturation | |
| Explanation: saturation is taken as the numerator. | |
| 39. |
For Dynamic range ratio the lower limit is determined by |
| A. | saturation |
| B. | brightness |
| C. | noise |
| D. | contrast |
| Answer» C. noise | |
| Explanation: noise is taken as the denominator. | |
| 40. |
Quantitatively, spatial resolution cannot be represented in which of the following ways |
| A. | line pairs |
| B. | pixels |
| C. | dots |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» D. none of the mentioned | |
| Explanation: all the options can be used to represent spatial resolution. | |
| 41. |
In 4-neighbours of a pixel p, how far are each of the neighbours located from p? |
| A. | one pixel apart |
| B. | four pixels apart |
| C. | alternating pixels |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» A. one pixel apart | |
| Explanation: each pixel is a unit distance apart from the pixel p. | |
| 42. |
If S is a subset of pixels, pixels p and q are said to be ____________ if there exists a path between them consisting of pixels entirely in S. |
| A. | continuous |
| B. | ambiguous |
| C. | connected |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. connected | |
| Explanation: pixels p and q are said to be connected if there exists a path between them consisting of pixels entirely in s. | |
| 43. |
If R is a subset of pixels, we call R a _________ of the image if R is a connected set. |
| A. | disjoint |
| B. | region |
| C. | closed |
| D. | adjacent |
| Answer» B. region | |
| Explanation: r is called a region of the image. | |
| 44. |
Two regions are said to be ___________ if their union forms a connected set. |
| A. | adjacent |
| B. | disjoint |
| C. | closed |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» A. adjacent | |
| Explanation: the regions are said to be adjacent to each other. | |
| 45. |
If an image contains K disjoint regions, what does the union of all the regions represent? |
| A. | background |
| B. | foreground |
| C. | outer border |
| D. | inner border |
| Answer» B. foreground | |
| Explanation: the union of all regions is called foreground and its complement is called the background. | |
| 46. |
For a region R, the set of points that are adjacent to the complement of R is called as ________ |
| A. | boundary |
| B. | border |
| C. | contour |
| D. | all of the mentioned |
| Answer» D. all of the mentioned | |
| Explanation: the words boundary, border and contour mean the same set. | |
| 47. |
The distance between pixels p and q, the pixels have a distance less than or equal to some value of radius r centred at (x,y) is called : |
| A. | euclidean distance |
| B. | city-block distance |
| C. | chessboard distance |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» A. euclidean distance | |
| Explanation: euclidean distance is measured using a radius from a defined centre. | |
| 48. |
The distance between pixels p and q, the pixels have a distance less than or equal to some value of radius r, form a diamond centred at (x,y) is called : |
| A. | euclidean distance |
| B. | chessboard distance |
| C. | city-block distance |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. city-block distance | |
| Explanation: formation of a diamond is measured as city-block distance. | |
| 49. |
The distance between pixels p and q, the pixels have a distance less than or equal to some value of radius r, form a square centred at (x,y) is called : |
| A. | euclidean distance |
| B. | chessboard distance |
| C. | city-block distance |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» B. chessboard distance | |
| Explanation: distance measured by forming a square around the centre is called chessboard distance. | |
| 50. |
Which of the following is NOT is not a type of Adjacency? |
| A. | 4-adjacency |
| B. | 8-adjacency |
| C. | m-adjacency |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» D. none of the mentioned | |
| Explanation: all the mentioned adjacency types are valid. | |
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