Which of the following is true? A. Risk is the probability of an outturn being less than anticipated. B. An objective probability is one which can be established mathematically or from historical data. C. The discount rate may be raised or lowered to allow for the risk of a project, the extent of the risk premium being based on indisputable theory.

Related MCQs

• Assume that Patton Co. will receive 100,000 New Zealand dollars (NZ$) in 180 days. Today's spot rate of the NZ$ is £0.35, and the 180-day forward rate is £0.36. A call option on NZ$ exists, with an exercise price of £0.37, a premium of £0.01, and a 180- day expiration date. A put option on NZ$ exists with an exercise price of £0.36, a premium of £0.01, and a 180-day expiration date. Patton Co. has developed the following probability distribution for the spot rate in 180 days: Possible Spot Rate in 90 Days Probability £0.30 10% £0.35 60% £0.40 30% The probability that the forward hedge will result in more U.S. dollars received than the options hedge is _______ (deduct the amount paid for the premium when estimating the U.S. dollars received on the options hedge).
• Assume that Patton Co. will receive 100,000 New Zealand dollars (NZ$) in 180 days. Today's spot rate of the NZ$ is £0.35, and the 180-day forward rate is £0.36. A call option on NZ$ exists, with an exercise price of £0.37, a premium of £0.01, and a 180-day expiration date. A put option on NZ$ exists with an exercise price of £0.36, a premium of £0.01, and a 180-day expiration date. Patton Co. has developed the following probability distribution for the spot rate in 180 days: Possible Spot Rate in 90 Days Probability £0.30 10% £0.35 60% £0.40 30% The probability that the forward hedge will result in more U.S. dollars received than the options hedge is _______ (deduct the amount paid for the premium when estimating the U.S. dollars received on the options hedge).
• Assume that Baps Corporation is considering the establishment of a subsidiary in Norway. The initial investment required by the parent is $5,000,000. If the project is undertaken, Baps would terminate the project after four years. Baps' cost of capital is 13%, and the project is of the same risk as Baps' existing projects. All cash flows generated from the project will be remitted to the parent at the end of each year. Listed below are the estimated cash flows the Norwegian subsidiary will generate over the project's lifetime in Norwegian kroner (NOK): Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 NOK 10,000,000 NOK 15,000,000 NOK 17,000,000 NOK 20,000,000 The current exchange rate of the Norwegian kroner is $.135. Baps' exchange rate forecast for the Norwegian kroner over the project's lifetime is listed below: Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 $.13 $.14 $.12 $.15 Baps is also uncertain regarding the cost of capital. Recently, Norway has been involved in some political turmoil. What is the net
• Assume that Baps Corporation is considering the establishment of a subsidiary in Norway. The initial investment required by the parent is $5,000,000. If the project is undertaken, Baps would terminate the project after four years. Baps' cost of capital is 13%, and the project is of the same risk as Baps' existing projects. All cash flows generated from the project will be remitted to the parent at the end of each year. Listed below are the estimated cash flows the Norwegian subsidiary will generate over the project's lifetime in Norwegian kroner (NOK): Year 1 NOK 10,000,000 Year 2 NOK 15,000,000 Year 3 NOK 17,000,000 Year 4 NOK 20,000,000 The current exchange rate of the Norwegian kroner is $.135. Baps' exchange rate forecast for the Norwegian kroner over the project's lifetime is listed below: Year 1 $.13 Year 2 $.14 Year 3 $.12 Year 4 $.15 Baps is also uncertain regarding the cost of capital. Recently, Norway has been involved in some political turmoil. What is the net p
• Assume that Kramer Co. will receive SF 800,000 in 90 days. Today's spot rate of the Swiss franc is £0.42, and the 90-day forward rate is £0.425. Kramer has developed the following probability distribution for the spot rate in 90 days: Possible Spot Rate in 90 Days Probability £0.41 10% £0.42 20% £0.43 40% £0.44 30% The probability that the forward hedge will result in more dollars received than not hedging is:
• Assume that Kramer Co. will receive SF 800,000 in 90 days. Today's spot rate of the Swiss franc is £0.42, and the 90-day forward rate is £0.425. Kramer has developed the following probability distribution for the spot rate in 90 days: Possible Spot Rate in 90 Days Probability £0.41 10% £0.42 20% £0.43 40% £0.44 30% The probability that the forward hedge will result in more dollars received than not hedging is:
• A call option exists on British pounds with an exercise price of $1.60, a 90-day expiration date, and a premium of $.03 per unit. A put option exists on British pounds with an exercise price of $1.60, a 90-day expiration date, and a premium of $.02 per unit. You plan to purchase options to cover your future receivables of 700,000 pounds in 90 days. You will exercise the option in 90 days (if at all). You expect the spot rate of the pound to be $1.57 in 90 days. Determine the amount of dollars to be received, after deducting payment for the option premium. Choices:
• Spears Co. will receive SF1,000,000 in 30 days. Use the following information to determine the total dollar amount received (after accounting for the option premium) if the firm purchases and exercises a put option: Exercise price = $.61 Premium = $.02 Spot rate = $.60 Expected spot rate in 30 days = $.56 30 day forward rate = $.62
• Due to _______, market forces should realign the relationship between the interest rate differential of two currencies and the forward premium (or discount) on the forward exchange rate between the two currencies.
• Assume the parent of a UK-based MNC plans to completely finance the establishment of its US subsidiary with existing funds from retained earnings in UK operations. According to the text, the discount rate used in the capital budgeting analysis on this project should be most affected by: