McqMate
| 101. |
What is autonegotiation? |
| A. | a procedure by which two connected devices choose common transmission parameters |
| B. | a security algorithm |
| C. | a routing algorithm |
| D. | encryption algorithm |
| Answer» A. a procedure by which two connected devices choose common transmission parameters | |
| Explanation: autonegotiation is a procedure by which two connected devices choose common transmission parameters. it is a signaling mechanism used in ethernet over twisted pair cables. | |
| 102. |
Ethernet in metropolitan area network (MAN) can be used as |
| A. | pure ethernet |
| B. | ethernet over sdh |
| C. | ethernet over mpls |
| D. | all of the mentioned |
| Answer» D. all of the mentioned | |
| Explanation: a metropolitan area network (man) that is based on ethernet standards is called an ethernet man. it is commonly used to connect nodes to the internet. businesses also use ethernet mans to connect their own offices to each other. | |
| 103. |
A point-to-point protocol over ethernet is a network protocol for |
| A. | encapsulating ppp frames inside ethernet frames |
| B. | encapsulating ehternet framse inside ppp frames |
| C. | for security of ethernet frames |
| D. | for security of ppp frames |
| Answer» A. encapsulating ppp frames inside ethernet frames | |
| Explanation: ppoe or point-to-point protocol over ethernet was first introduced in 1999. it is popularly used by modern day internet service providers for dial-up connectivity. | |
| 104. |
High speed ethernet works on |
| A. | coaxial cable |
| B. | twisted pair cable |
| C. | optical fiber |
| D. | unshielded twisted pair cable |
| Answer» C. optical fiber | |
| Explanation: fast ethernet is mostly used in networks along with category 5 (cat-5) copper twisted-pair cable, but it also works with fiber-optic cable. based on the cable being used, there can be three types of fast ethernet. | |
| 105. |
The maximum size of payload field in ethernet frame is |
| A. | 1000 bytes |
| B. | 1200 bytes |
| C. | 1300 bytes |
| D. | 1500 bytes |
| Answer» D. 1500 bytes | |
| Explanation: the minimum size of the payload field is 40 bytes and the maximum size is 1500 bytes. if the payload size exceeds 1500 bytes, the frame is called a jumbo frame. | |
| 106. |
What is interframe gap? |
| A. | idle time between frames |
| B. | idle time between frame bits |
| C. | idle time between packets |
| D. | idle time between networks |
| Answer» A. idle time between frames | |
| Explanation: the inter-frame gap is the idle time for the receiver between the incoming frame flow. the inter-frame gap must be as low as possible for idle connections. | |
| 107. |
An ethernet frame that is less than the IEEE 802.3 minimum length of 64 octets is called |
| A. | short frame |
| B. | runt frame |
| C. | mini frame |
| D. | man frame |
| Answer» B. runt frame | |
| Explanation: an ethernet frame that is less than the ieee 802.3 minimum length of 64 octets is called a runt frame. such frames are a result of collisions or software malfunctions. | |
| 108. |
In wireless ad-hoc network |
| A. | access point is not required |
| B. | access point is must |
| C. | nodes are not required |
| D. | all nodes are access points |
| Answer» A. access point is not required | |
| Explanation: an ad-hoc wireless network is a decentralized kind of a wireless network. an access point is usually a central device and it would go against the rules of the ad- hoc network to use one. hence it is not required. | |
| 109. |
Which multiple access technique is used by IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless LAN? |
| A. | cdma |
| B. | csma/ca |
| C. | aloha |
| D. | csma/cd |
| Answer» B. csma/ca | |
| Explanation: csma/ca stands for carrier- sense multiple access/collision avoidance. it is a multiple access protocol used by ieee | |
| 110. |
A wireless network interface controller can work in |
| A. | infrastructure mode |
| B. | ad-hoc mode |
| C. | both infrastructure mode and ad-hoc mode |
| D. | wds mode |
| Answer» C. both infrastructure mode and ad-hoc mode | |
| Explanation: a wireless network interface controller works on the physical layer and the data link layer of the osi model. | |
| 111. |
In wireless network an extended service set is a set of |
| A. | connected basic service sets |
| B. | all stations |
| C. | all access points |
| D. | connected access points |
| Answer» A. connected basic service sets | |
| Explanation: the extended service set is a part of the ieee 802.11 wlan architecture and is used to expand the range of the basic service set by allowing connection of multiple basic service sets. | |
| 112. |
Mostly is used in wireless LAN. |
| A. | time division multiplexing |
| B. | orthogonal frequency division multiplexing |
| C. | space division multiplexing |
| D. | channel division multiplexing |
| Answer» B. orthogonal frequency division multiplexing | |
| Explanation: in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, digital data is encoded on multiple carrier frequencies. it is also used in digital television and audio broadcasting in addition to wireless lans. | |
| 113. |
Which one of the following event is not possible in wireless LAN? |
| A. | collision detection |
| B. | acknowledgement of data frames |
| C. | multi-mode data transmission |
| D. | connection to wired networks |
| Answer» A. collision detection | |
| Explanation: collision detection is not possible in wireless lan with no extensions. collision detection techniques for multiple access like csma/cd are used to detect collisions in wireless lans. | |
| 114. |
What is Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)? |
| A. | security algorithm for ethernet |
| B. | security algorithm for wireless networks |
| C. | security algorithm for usb communication |
| D. | security algorithm for emails |
| Answer» B. security algorithm for wireless networks | |
| Explanation: wep is a security algorithm for wireless network which intended to provide data confidentiality comparable to that of traditional wired networks. it was introduced in 1997. | |
| 115. |
What is WPA? |
| A. | wi-fi protected access |
| B. | wired protected access |
| C. | wired process access |
| D. | wi-fi process access |
| Answer» A. wi-fi protected access | |
| Explanation: wpa or wifi protected access is a security protocol used to provide users and firms with strong data security and protection for their wireless networks (wifi) to give them confidence that only authorized users can access their network. | |
| 116. |
The time required to transmit frame depends on |
| A. | frame size |
| B. | channel capacity |
| C. | frame size & channel capacity |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. frame size & channel capacity | |
| Explanation: the time to transmit frame is given by the ratio of frame size and channel capacity. | |
| 117. |
Window given the number of |
| A. | bytes |
| B. | frames |
| C. | bytes & frames |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. bytes & frames | |
| Explanation: window gives the number of frames or bytes that can be in transit unacknowledged. | |
| 118. |
Routing is |
| A. | static |
| B. | dynamic |
| C. | static & dynamic |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. static & dynamic | |
| Explanation: routing can be static and dynamic. | |
| 119. |
Routing is performed only centrally. |
| A. | true |
| B. | false |
| Answer» A. true | |
| Explanation: routing is performed centrally and also in fully distributed way. | |
| 120. |
Which is connection oriented and which is connection-less? |
| A. | datagrams, virtual circuits |
| B. | virtual circuits, datagrams |
| C. | datagrams |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» B. virtual circuits, datagrams | |
| Explanation: datagram is connection-less and virtual circuits are connection oriented. | |
| 121. |
Which uses UDP? |
| A. | echo |
| B. | time |
| C. | domain name server |
| D. | all of the mentioned |
| Answer» D. all of the mentioned | |
| Explanation: the protocols using udp are echo, time, domain name server, network file system etc. | |
| 122. |
Which uses TCP? |
| A. | simple mail transfer protocol |
| B. | simple network management protocol |
| C. | simple mail transfer & network management protocol |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» A. simple mail transfer protocol | |
| Explanation: some of the protocols using tcp are http, telnet, file transfer protocol, simple mail transfer protocol etc. | |
| 123. |
Which tells about low level transmission and framing? |
| A. | v series |
| B. | x series |
| C. | g series |
| D. | q series |
| Answer» C. g series | |
| Explanation: g series tells about level transmission, modulation and framing. | |
| 124. |
Which tells about signalling? |
| A. | v series |
| B. | x series |
| C. | g series |
| D. | q series |
| Answer» D. q series | |
| Explanation: q series tells about signalling. | |
| 125. |
An interconnected collection of piconet is called |
| A. | scatternet |
| B. | micronet |
| C. | mininet |
| D. | multinet |
| Answer» A. scatternet | |
| Explanation: piconet is the basic unit of a bluetooth system having a master node and upto seven active slave nodes. a collection of piconets is called scatternet and a slave node of a piconet may act as a master in a piconet that is part of the scatternet. | |
| 126. |
Bluetooth is the wireless technology for |
| A. | local area network |
| B. | personal area network |
| C. | metropolitan area network |
| D. | wide area network |
| Answer» B. personal area network | |
| Explanation: bluetooth is a wireless technology used to create a wireless personal area network for data transfer up to a distance | |
| 127. |
Bluetooth uses |
| A. | frequency hopping spread spectrum |
| B. | orthogonal frequency division multiplexing |
| C. | time division multiplexing |
| D. | channel division multiplexing |
| Answer» A. frequency hopping spread spectrum | |
| Explanation: frequency hopping spread spectrum is a method of transmitting radio signals by rapidly changing the carrier frequency and is controlled by the codes known to the sender and receiver only. | |
| 128. |
Unauthorised access of information from a wireless device through a bluetooth connection is called |
| A. | bluemaking |
| B. | bluesnarfing |
| C. | bluestring |
| D. | bluescoping |
| Answer» B. bluesnarfing | |
| Explanation: unauthorised access of information from a wireless device through a bluetooth connection is called bluesnarfing. it is done through exploiting the vulnerabilities of the bluetooth device to steal the transmitted information. | |
| 129. |
What is A2DP (advanced audio distribution profile)? |
| A. | a bluetooth profile for streaming audio |
| B. | a bluetooth profile for streaming video |
| C. | a bluetooth profile for security |
| D. | a bluetooth profile for file management |
| Answer» A. a bluetooth profile for streaming audio | |
| Explanation: a2dp stands for advanced audio distribution profile is a transfer standard use to transmit high definition audio through bluetooth. it is mainly used in bluetooth speakers and wireless headphones. | |
| 130. |
Bluetooth supports |
| A. | point-to-point connections |
| B. | point-to-multipoint connection |
| C. | both point-to-point connections and point- to-multipoint connection |
| D. | multipoint to point connection |
| Answer» C. both point-to-point connections and point- to-multipoint connection | |
| Explanation: in bluetooth, each slave node communicates with the master of the piconet independently i.e. each master-slave connection is independent. the slave is not allowed to communicate with other slaves directly. | |
| 131. |
A scatternet can have maximum |
| A. | 10 piconets |
| B. | 20 piconets |
| C. | 30 piconets |
| D. | 40 piconets |
| Answer» A. 10 piconets | |
| Explanation: a scatternet can have maximum of 10 piconets and minimum of 2 piconets. to connect these piconets, a slave node of one piconet may act as a master in a piconet that is part of the scatternet. | |
| 132. |
What is the access point (AP) in a wireless LAN? |
| A. | device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network |
| B. | wireless devices itself |
| C. | both device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network and wireless devices itself |
| D. | all the nodes in the network |
| Answer» A. device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network | |
| Explanation: access point in a wireless network is any device that will allow the wireless devices to a wired network. a router is the best example of an access point. | |
| 133. |
In wireless distribution system |
| A. | multiple access point are inter-connected with each other |
| B. | there is no access point |
| C. | only one access point exists |
| D. | access points are not required |
| Answer» A. multiple access point are inter-connected with each other | |
| Explanation: a wireless distribution system allows the connection of multiple access points together. it is used to expand a wireless network to a larger network. | |
| 134. |
Which protocol is used to link all the devices in the IoT? |
| A. | tcp/ip |
| B. | network |
| C. | udp |
| D. | http |
| Answer» A. tcp/ip | |
| Explanation: the internet of thing is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the internet protocol suite (tcp/ip) to link billions of devices worldwide. | |
| 135. |
enables seamless integration of LoWPAN devices with internet leveraging. |
| A. | ietf 6lowpan |
| B. | ieft coap |
| C. | rfid/nfc |
| D. | ieee 802.15.4.lowpan |
| Answer» A. ietf 6lowpan | |
| Explanation: ietf 6lowpan enables seamless integration of lowpan devices with internet leveraging ipv6 large address space and appln. layer protocol reuse. | |
| 136. |
enables open application layer for constrained nodes. |
| A. | ietf 6lowpan |
| B. | ieft coap |
| C. | rfid/nfc |
| D. | ieee 802.15.4.lowpan |
| Answer» B. ieft coap | |
| Explanation: ietf coap – open application | |
| 137. |
tags, devices, smart phones useful in identification. |
| A. | ietf 6lowpan |
| B. | ieft coap |
| C. | rfid/nfc |
| D. | ieee 802.15.4.lowpan |
| Answer» C. rfid/nfc | |
| Explanation: rfid/nfc – tags, devices, smart phones useful in product / object identification and gathering associated information. | |
| 138. |
supports low energy radio operation. |
| A. | ietf 6lowpan |
| B. | ieft coap |
| C. | rfid/nfc |
| D. | bluetooth |
| Answer» D. bluetooth | |
| Explanation: bluetooth smart devices support low energy radio operations like, heart rate monitors, blood glucose monitors suitable for health care and fitness etc. | |
| 139. |
specification defining the PHY and MAC layer of low power devices. |
| A. | ietf 6lowpan |
| B. | ieft coap |
| C. | rfid/nfc |
| D. | ieee 802.15.4.lowpan |
| Answer» D. ieee 802.15.4.lowpan | |
| Explanation: ieee 802.15.4.lowpan – specification defining the phy and mac layer of low power devices supporting 250 kb/s data rate, small packet size 127 bytes. | |
| 140. |
is an application layer protocol for resource constrained devices. |
| A. | coap |
| B. | hmtp |
| C. | mqtt |
| D. | tcp/ip |
| Answer» A. coap | |
| Explanation: coap is an application layer protocol (ietf draft) for resource constrained devices. adheres to the restful approach for managing the resources and support mapping to http. | |
| 141. |
Adheres to approach for managing resources and support mapping to HTTP. |
| A. | retful |
| B. | iot |
| C. | restful |
| D. | restful |
| Answer» D. restful | |
| Explanation: coap is an application layer protocol (ietf draft) for resource constrained devices. adheres to restful approach for managing resources and support mapping to http. | |
| 142. |
resources are identified by Uniform Resource Identifiers. |
| A. | coap |
| B. | hmtp |
| C. | mqtt |
| D. | tcp/ip |
| Answer» A. coap | |
| Explanation: coap is an application layer protocol (ietf draft) for resource constrained devices. adheres to restful approach for managing resources and support mapping to | |
| 143. |
Which protocol interacts asynchronously over UDP? |
| A. | hmtp |
| B. | coap |
| C. | mqtt |
| D. | tcp/ip |
| Answer» B. coap | |
| Explanation: coap is an application layer protocol (ietf draft) for resource constrained devices. it is asynchronous message interactions over udp, request/response semantics coap resources are identified by uniform resource identifiers. | |
| 144. |
CoAP messages are short. |
| A. | true |
| B. | false |
| Answer» A. true | |
| Explanation: coap messages are short – 4 bytes header followed by options (typically, 10-20 bytes header). | |
| 145. |
How many messages types are there in CoAP? |
| A. | 2 |
| B. | 5 |
| C. | 3 |
| D. | 4 |
| Answer» D. 4 | |
| Explanation: four message types are: confirmable | |
| 146. |
Number of methods in CoAP? |
| A. | 2 |
| B. | 5 |
| C. | 4 |
| D. | 3 |
| Answer» C. 4 | |
| Explanation: four coap methods: get | |
| 147. |
A 4 byte IP address consists of |
| A. | wired sensor network |
| B. | wireless sensor network |
| C. | wired service network |
| D. | wireless service network |
| Answer» B. wireless sensor network | |
| Explanation: wsn – wireless sensor network comprises of motes running a wsn application and a light weight coap server. | |
| 148. |
In virtual circuit network each packet contains |
| A. | full source and destination address |
| B. | a short vc number |
| C. | only source address |
| D. | only destination address |
| Answer» B. a short vc number | |
| Explanation: a short vc number also called as vcid (virtual circuit identifier) is a type of identifier which is used to distinguish between several virtual circuits in a connection oriented circuit switched network. each virtual circuit is used to transfer data over a larger packet switched network. | |
| 149. |
A subset of a network that includes all the routers but contains no loops is called |
| A. | spanning tree |
| B. | spider structure |
| C. | spider tree |
| D. | special tree |
| Answer» A. spanning tree | |
| Explanation: spanning tree protocol (stp) is a network protocol that creates a loop free logical topology for ethernet networks. it is a layer 2 protocol that runs on bridges and switches. the main purpose of stp is to ensure that you do not create loops when you have redundant paths in your network. | |
| 150. |
ICMP is primarily used for |
| A. | error and diagnostic functions |
| B. | addressing |
| C. | forwarding |
| D. | routing |
| Answer» A. error and diagnostic functions | |
| Explanation: icmp abbreviation for internet control message protocol is used by networking devices to send error messages and operational information indicating a host or router cannot be reached. icmp operates over the ip packet to provide error reporting functionality as ip by itself cannot report errors. | |
| 151. |
Most packet switches use this principle |
| A. | stop and wait |
| B. | store and forward |
| C. | store and wait |
| D. | stop and forward |
| Answer» B. store and forward | |
| Explanation: the packet switch will not transmit the first bit to outbound link until it receives the entire packet. if the entire packet is not received and the time-out period expires, the packet switch will inform the sender to resend the part of packet or the entire packet based on the algorithm being used. | |
| 152. |
If there are N routers from source to destination, the total end to end delay in sending packet P(L-> number of bits in the packet R-> transmission rate) is equal to |
| A. | n |
| B. | (n*l)/r |
| C. | (2n*l)/r |
| D. | l/r |
| Answer» B. (n*l)/r | |
| Explanation: the equation to find the end to end delay when no. of bits, transmission rate and no. of routers is given by (n*l)/r. the total end to end delay, that is, nodal delay is the sum of all, the processing delay, queuing delay, transmission delay and propagation delay. | |
| 153. |
What are the Methods to move data through a network of links and switches? |
| A. | packet switching and line switching |
| B. | circuit switching and line switching |
| C. | line switching and bit switching |
| D. | packet switching and circuit switching |
| Answer» D. packet switching and circuit switching | |
| Explanation: packet switching and circuit switching are two different types of switching methods used to connect the multiple communicating devices with one another. | |
| 154. |
The required resources for communication between end systems are reserved for the duration of the session between end systems in method. |
| A. | packet switching |
| B. | circuit switching |
| C. | line switching |
| D. | frequency switching |
| Answer» B. circuit switching | |
| Explanation: in circuit switching, a physical path between the sender and receiver is established. this path is maintained until the connection is needed. circuit switching is implemented in the physical layer and is used in telephonic systems. | |
| 155. |
As the resources are reserved between two communicating end systems in circuit switching, is achieved. |
| A. | authentication |
| B. | guaranteed constant rate |
| C. | reliability |
| D. | store and forward |
| Answer» B. guaranteed constant rate | |
| Explanation: circuit switching is connection oriented and is always implemented in the physical layer. once a path is set, all transmission occurs through the same path. it is used since the early times in telephonic systems. | |
| 156. |
In systems, resources are allocated on demand. |
| A. | packet switching |
| B. | circuit switching |
| C. | line switching |
| D. | frequency switching |
| Answer» A. packet switching | |
| Explanation: in packet switching, the bits are received in out of order and need to be assembled at the receiver end, whereas in the case of circuit switching, all the bits are received in order. all transmissions may not occur through the same path in case of packet switching. | |
| 157. |
Which of the following is not an application layer service? |
| A. | network virtual terminal |
| B. | file transfer, access, and management |
| C. | mail service |
| D. | error control |
| Answer» D. error control | |
| Explanation: application layer is the topmost layer in the osi model. network virtual terminal, mail service, file transfer, access and management are all services of the application layer. it uses protocols like http, ftp, and dns etc. to provide these services. | |
| 158. |
Which of the following is not applicable for IP? |
| A. | error reporting |
| B. | handle addressing conventions |
| C. | datagram format |
| D. | packet handling conventions |
| Answer» A. error reporting | |
| Explanation: the internet protocol is the networking protocol which establishes the internet by relaying datagrams across network boundaries. icmp is a supporting protocol for ip which handles the error reporting functionality. | |
| 159. |
Which of the following field in IPv4 datagram is not related to fragmentation? |
| A. | flags |
| B. | offset |
| C. | tos |
| D. | identifier |
| Answer» C. tos | |
| Explanation: tos-type of service identifies the type of packets. it is not related to fragmentation but is used to request specific treatment such as high throughput, high reliability or low latency for the ip packet depending upon the type of service it belongs to. | |
| 160. |
The TTL field has value 10. How many routers (max) can process this datagram? |
| A. | 11 |
| B. | 5 |
| C. | 10 |
| D. | 1 |
| Answer» C. 10 | |
| Explanation: ttl stands for time to live. this field specifies the life of the ip packet based on the number of hops it makes (number of routers it goes through). ttl field is decremented by one each time the datagram is processed by a router. when the value is 0, the packet is automatically destroyed. | |
| 161. |
If the value in protocol field is 17, the transport layer protocol used is |
| A. | tcp |
| B. | udp |
| C. | icmp |
| D. | igmp |
| Answer» B. udp | |
| Explanation: the protocol field enables the demultiplexing feature so that the ip protocol can be used to carry payloads of more than one protocol type. its most used values are 17 and 6 for udp and tcp respectively. icmp and igmp are network layer protocols. | |
| 162. |
The data field cannot carry which of the following? |
| A. | tcp segment |
| B. | udp segment |
| C. | icmp messages |
| D. | smtp messages |
| Answer» C. icmp messages | |
| Explanation: data field usually has transport layer segments, but it can also carry icmp messages. smtp is an application layer protocol. first it must go through the transport layer to be converted into tcp segments and then it can be inserted into ip packets. | |
| 163. |
What should be the flag value to indicate the last fragment? |
| A. | 0 |
| B. | 1 |
| C. | ttl value |
| D. | protocol field value |
| Answer» A. 0 | |
| Explanation: the flag field in the ip header is used to control and identify the fragments. it contains three bits: reserved, don’t fragment and more fragments. if the more fragments bit is 0, it means that the fragment is the last fragment. | |
| 164. |
Which of these is not applicable for IP protocol? |
| A. | is connectionless |
| B. | offer reliable service |
| C. | offer unreliable service |
| D. | does not offer error reporting |
| Answer» B. offer reliable service | |
| Explanation: ip does not provide reliable delivery service for the data. it’s dependent upon the transport layer protocols like tcp to offer reliability. | |
| 165. |
Which of the following demerits does Fragmentation have? |
| A. | complicates routers |
| B. | open to dos attack |
| C. | overlapping of fragments. |
| D. | all of the mentioned |
| Answer» D. all of the mentioned | |
| Explanation: fragmentation makes the implementation of the ip protocol complex and can also be exploited by attackers to create a dos attack such as a teardrop attack. fragmentation won’t be required if the transport layer protocols perform wise segmentation. | |
| 166. |
Which field helps to check rearrangement of the fragments? |
| A. | offset |
| B. | flag |
| C. | ttl |
| D. | identifer |
| Answer» A. offset | |
| Explanation: the fragment offset field specifies where the fragment fits in the original datagram. the offset of the first fragment will always be 0. the size of the field (13 bits) is 3-bits shorter than the size of the total length field (16 bits). | |
| 167. |
Which one of the following is not a function of network layer? |
| A. | routing |
| B. | inter-networking |
| C. | congestion control |
| D. | error control |
| Answer» D. error control | |
| Explanation: in the osi model, network layer is the third layer and it provides data routing paths for network communications. error control is a function of the data link layer and the transport layer. | |
| 168. |
A 4 byte IP address consists of |
| A. | only network address |
| B. | only host address |
| C. | network address & host address |
| D. | network address & mac address |
| Answer» C. network address & host address | |
| Explanation: an ip address which is 32 bits long, that means it is of 4 bytes and is composed of a network and host portion and it depends on address class. the size of the host address and network address depends upon the class of the address in classful ip addressing. | |
| 169. |
Which of the following routing algorithms can be used for network layer design? |
| A. | shortest path algorithm |
| B. | distance vector routing |
| C. | link state routing |
| D. | all of the mentioned |
| Answer» D. all of the mentioned | |
| Explanation: the routing algorithm is what decides where a packet should go next. there are several routing techniques like shortest path algorithm, static and dynamic routing, decentralized routing, distance vector routing, link state routing, hierarchical routing etc. | |
| 170. |
Which of the following is not correct in relation to multi-destination routing? |
| A. | is same as broadcast routing |
| B. | contains the list of all destinations |
| C. | data is not sent by packets |
| D. | there are multiple receivers |
| Answer» C. data is not sent by packets | |
| Explanation: in multi-destination routing, there is more than one receiver and the route for each destination which is contained in a list of destinations is to be found by the routing algorithm. multi-destination routing is also used in broadcasting. | |
| 171. |
Which one of the following algorithm is not used for congestion control? |
| A. | traffic aware routing |
| B. | admission control |
| C. | load shedding |
| D. | routing information protocol |
| Answer» D. routing information protocol | |
| Explanation: the routing information protocol (rip) is used by the network layer for the function of dynamic routing. | |
| 172. |
The network layer protocol for internet is |
| A. | ethernet |
| B. | internet protocol |
| C. | hypertext transfer protocol |
| D. | file transfer protocol |
| Answer» B. internet protocol | |
| Explanation: there are several protocols used in network layer. some of them are ip, icmp, clnp, arp, ipx, hrsp etc. | |
| 173. |
Which type of Ethernet framing is used for TCP/IP and DEC net? |
| A. | ethernet 802.3 |
| B. | ethernet 802.2 |
| C. | ethernet ii |
| D. | ethernet snap |
| Answer» C. ethernet ii | |
| Explanation: the ethernet 802.3 framing is used for netware versions 2 to 3.11, and the ethernet 802.2 framing is used for netware versions 3.12 and later plus osi routing, ethernet ii is used with tcp/ip and dec net, and ethernet snap is used with tcp/ip and appletalk. the type field in ethernet 802.2 frame is replaced by a length field in ethernet 802.3. | |
| 174. |
Consider a situation in which you are a system administrator on a NetWare network, you are running NetWare 4.11 and you cannot communicate with your router. What is the likely problem? |
| A. | netware 4.11 defaults to 802.2 encapsulation |
| B. | netware 4.11 defaults to 802.3 encapsulation |
| C. | cisco routers only work with netware 3.11 |
| D. | netware 3.11 defaults to 802.2 encapsulation |
| Answer» A. netware 4.11 defaults to 802.2 encapsulation | |
| Explanation: the default encapsulation on cisco routers is novell ethernet_802.3 and netware 3.12and later defaults to 802.2 encapsulation, 3.11 and earlier defaults to 802.3. | |
| 175. |
NetWare IPX addressing uses a network number and a node number. Which statement is not true? |
| A. | the network address is administratively assigned and can be up to 16 hexadecimal digits long |
| B. | the node address is always administratively assigned |
| C. | the node address is usually the mac address |
| D. | if the mac address is used as the node address, then ipx eliminates the use of arp |
| Answer» B. the node address is always administratively assigned | |
| Explanation: the network address can be up to 16 hexadecimal digits in length. the node number is 12 hexadecimal digits. the node address is usually the mac address. an example ipx address is 4a1d.0000.0c56.de33. the network part is 4a1d. the node part is 0000.0c56.de33. the network number is assigned by the system administrator of the novell network and the mac address/node address is not assigned by the administrator. | |
| 176. |
Which NetWare protocol works on layer 3– network layer—of the OSI model? |
| A. | ipx |
| B. | ncp |
| C. | spx |
| D. | netbios |
| Answer» A. ipx | |
| Explanation: ipx (internetwork packet exchange) is the netware network layer 3 protocol used for transferring information on lans that use novell’s netware. | |
| 177. |
Which NetWare protocol provides link- state routing? |
| A. | nlsp |
| B. | rip |
| C. | sap |
| D. | ncp |
| Answer» A. nlsp | |
| Explanation: netware link services protocol (nlsp) provides link-state routing. | |
| 178. |
As a system administrator, you want to debug IGRP but are worried that the “debug IP IGRP transaction” command will flood the console. What is the command that you should use? |
| A. | debug ip igrp event |
| B. | debug ip igrp-events |
| C. | debug ip igrp summary |
| D. | debug ip igrp events |
| Answer» D. debug ip igrp events | |
| Explanation: the “debug ip igrp events” is used to display a short summary of igrp routing information. you can append an ip address onto either console’s command-line to see only the igrp updates from a neighbor. the command will only give a short summary and hence won’t flood the command line. | |
| 179. |
0.0.0 router IGRP 109 network 172.68.7.0 |
| A. | it isolates networks 10.0.0.0 and 172.68.7.0 |
| B. | it loads igrp for networks 109 and 71 |
| C. | it disables rip |
| D. | it disables all routing protocols |
| Answer» A. it isolates networks 10.0.0.0 and 172.68.7.0 | |
| Explanation: it isolates network 10.0.0.0 and | |
| 180. |
As a system administrator, you need to set up one Ethernet interface on the Cisco router to allow for both sap and Novell-ether encapsulations. Which set of commands will accomplish this? |
| A. | interface ethernet 0.1 ipx encapsulation novell-ether ipx network 9e interface ethernet 0.2 ipx network 6c |
| B. | interface ethernet 0 ipx encapsulation novell-ether ipx network 9e interface ethernet 0 ipx encapsulation sap ipx network 6c |
| C. | interface ethernet 0.1 ipx encapsulation novell-ether interface ethernet 0.2 ipx encapsulation sap |
| D. | interface ethernet 0.1ipx encapsulation novell-ether ipx network 9e interface ethernet 0.2 ipx encapsulation sap ipx network 6c |
| Answer» D. interface ethernet 0.1ipx encapsulation novell-ether ipx network 9e interface ethernet 0.2 ipx encapsulation sap ipx network 6c | |
| Explanation: the following commands setup the sub interfaces to allow for two types of encapsulation:interface ethernet 0.1 ipx encapsulation novell-ether ipx network 9e interface ethernet0.2 ipx encapsulation sap ipx network 6c. | |
| 181. |
What does the “IPX maximum-paths 2” command accomplish? |
| A. | it enables load sharing on 2 paths if the paths are equal metric paths |
| B. | it sets up routing to go to network 2 |
| C. | it is the default for cisco ipx load sharing |
| D. | it enables load sharing on 2 paths if the paths are unequal metric paths |
| Answer» A. it enables load sharing on 2 paths if the paths are equal metric paths | |
| Explanation: it enables load sharing on 2 paths if the paths are equal metric paths. the default is 1 path and the maximum is 512 paths. the value must always be greater than 1 and must be a natural number. | |
| 182. |
You want to enable both arpa and snap encapsulation on one router interface. How do you do this? |
| A. | the interface can handle multiple encapsulation types with no extra configuration |
| B. | assign two network numbers, one for each encapsulation type |
| C. | enable novell-ether to run multiple encapsulation types |
| D. | both arpa and snap are enabled by default so you don’t have to configure anything |
| Answer» B. assign two network numbers, one for each encapsulation type | |
| Explanation: to assign multiple network numbers, you usually use sub interfaces. a sample configuration follows: ipxethernet | |
| 183. |
By default, Cisco routers forward GNS SAPs to remote networks. |
| A. | false |
| B. | true |
| Answer» A. false | |
| Explanation: gns is novell’s protocol to get nearest server. if there is a server on the local network,that server will respond. if there isn’t, the cisco router has to be configured to forward thegns sap. | |
| 184. |
To prevent Service Advertisements (SAPs) from flooding a network, Cisco routers do not forward them. How are services advertised to other networks? |
| A. | each router builds its own sap table and forwards that every 60 seconds |
| B. | each router assigns a service number and broadcasts that |
| C. | saps aren’t necessary with cisco routers |
| D. | cisco routers filter out all saps |
| Answer» A. each router builds its own sap table and forwards that every 60 seconds | |
| Explanation: cisco routers build sap tables and forward the table every 60 seconds. all saps can’t befiltered even with 4.x since nds and time synchronization uses saps. | |
| 185. |
Novell’s implementation of RIP updates routing tables every seconds. |
| A. | 60 |
| B. | 90 |
| C. | 10 |
| D. | 30 |
| Answer» A. 60 | |
| Explanation: novell’s rip updates routing tables every 60 seconds, apple’s rtmp is every 10 seconds, routers arp every 60 seconds, igrp signal every 90 seconds, and banyan vines signals every 90 seconds. | |
| 186. |
In Novell’s use of RIP, there are two metrics used to make routing decisions. Select the correct metrics. |
| A. | ticks & hops |
| B. | hops & loops |
| C. | loops & counts |
| D. | counts & ticks |
| Answer» A. ticks & hops | |
| Explanation: it first uses ticks (which is about 1/18 sec.); if there is a tie, it uses hops; if hops are equal, then it uses an administratively assigned tiebreaker. | |
| 187. |
The term that is used to place packet in its route to its destination is called |
| A. | delayed |
| B. | urgent |
| C. | forwarding |
| D. | delivering |
| Answer» C. forwarding | |
| Explanation: forwarding is done by the nodes in the path from source to destination, that are not the intended destination for the packet in order to pass the packet to the next node in the path. the destination machine does not forward the packet to any other node. | |
| 188. |
A second technique to reduce routing table and simplify searching process is called |
| A. | network-specific method |
| B. | network-specific motion |
| C. | network-specific maintaining |
| D. | network-specific membership |
| Answer» A. network-specific method | |
| Explanation: in the network specific forwarding method, there is only one record, the destination of the packet, in the routing table and not the other hosts of the network. the other two forwarding methods are the default method and the next-hop method. | |
| 189. |
Next-Hop Method is used to reduce contents of a |
| A. | revolving table |
| B. | rotating table |
| C. | routing table |
| D. | re-allocate table |
| Answer» C. routing table | |
| Explanation: in the next-hop forwarding method, the routing table of each router in the path contains the address of only the next hop in the path of packet. this method is suitable for short distances only. | |
| 190. |
In Unicast routing, if instability is between three nodes, stability cannot be |
| A. | stable |
| B. | reversed |
| C. | guaranteed |
| D. | forward |
| Answer» C. guaranteed | |
| Explanation: in unicast routing, there is only sender and one receiver. so, if there is instability between three nodes, in which one is sender, one is receiver and one is the router in the path, there is no other path available for the packet and the stability of the network is not guaranteed. | |
| 191. |
RPF stands for |
| A. | reverse path forwarding |
| B. | reverse path failure |
| C. | reverse packet forwarding |
| D. | reverse protocol failure |
| Answer» A. reverse path forwarding | |
| Explanation: reverse path forwarding is a loop-free forwarding method for multi-cast routing in modern systems. the method focuses on forwarding the packet away from the source ip in each iteration to make sure there is no loops. | |
| 192. |
LSP stands for |
| A. | link stable packet |
| B. | link state packet |
| C. | link state protocol |
| D. | link state path |
| Answer» B. link state packet | |
| Explanation: a link state packet is a packet created by a router that lists its neighboring nodes and routers in link state routing protocol. it is shared with other routers to find the shortest path from a source to the destination. | |
| 193. |
Protocol is a set of |
| A. | formats |
| B. | procedures |
| C. | formats & procedures |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. formats & procedures | |
| Explanation: protocol is a set of procedures and formats that entities use to communicate information. | |
| 194. |
Several techniques can make size of routing table manageable and also handle issues such as |
| A. | maturity |
| B. | error reporting |
| C. | tunneling |
| D. | security |
| Answer» D. security | |
| Explanation: the size of the routing table in the technique must be manageable for the network nodes i.e. it must not be too big. | |
| 195. |
Host-specific routing is used for purposes such as checking route or providing |
| A. | network measures |
| B. | security measures |
| C. | routing measures |
| D. | delivery measures |
| Answer» B. security measures | |
| Explanation: in host-specific routing, the | |
| 196. |
In Unicast Routing, Dijkstra algorithm creates a shortest path tree from a |
| A. | graph |
| B. | tree |
| C. | network |
| D. | link |
| Answer» A. graph | |
| Explanation: the djikstra’s shortest path algorithm is the fastest among the algorithms for finding the shortest path in a graph. but it is a greedy method based algorithm so it does not guarantee the shortest path every time. | |
| 197. |
In Multicast Routing Protocol, flooding is used to broadcast packets but it creates |
| A. | gaps |
| B. | loops |
| C. | holes |
| D. | links |
| Answer» B. loops | |
| Explanation: in multicast routing, there is one sender and many receivers. so flooding is | |
| 198. |
The computation of the shortest path in OSPF is usually done by |
| A. | bellman-ford algorithm |
| B. | routing information protocol |
| C. | dijkstra’s algorithm |
| D. | distance vector routing |
| Answer» C. dijkstra’s algorithm | |
| Explanation: shortest path in ospf is usually computed by dijkstra’s algorithm. it was proposed by edsger w. dijkstra in the year 1956. it is a greedy method algorithm and hence may not guarantee the shortest path every time, but is really fast. | |
| 199. |
Which of the following is false with respect to the features of OSPF? |
| A. | support for fixed-length subnetting by including the subnet mask in the routing message |
| B. | more flexible link cost than can range from 1 to 65535 |
| C. | use of designated router |
| D. | distribution of traffic over multiple paths that have equal cost to the destination |
| Answer» A. support for fixed-length subnetting by including the subnet mask in the routing message | |
| Explanation: ospf provides support for variable-length sunbathing by including the subnet mask in the routing message. for fixed length subnets, there is no requirement for including the subnet mask in the routing message as there is just one subnet mask for all the subnets. | |
| 200. |
In OSPF, which protocol is used to discover neighbour routers automatically? |
| A. | link state protocol |
| B. | error-correction protocol |
| C. | routing information protocol |
| D. | hello protocol |
| Answer» D. hello protocol | |
| Explanation: hello protocol is used to discover neighboring routers automatically. it makes sure that the communication between neighbors is bidirectional. it’s similar to the real world moral construct of saying “hello” to initialize the communication. | |
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