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70+ Western Metaphysics Solved MCQs

These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Master of Arts in Philosophy (MA Philosophy) .

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1.

The metaphysical view that there are many realities is known as

A. dualism
B. pluralism
C. monism
D. non-dualism
Answer» B. pluralism
discuss
2.

The theory that holds reason as the source of knowledge is

A. idealism
B. rationalism
C. empiricism
D. none of the above
Answer» B. rationalism
discuss
3.

---------- is considered as the father of modern philosophy

A. descartes
B. kant
C. hegel
D. plato
Answer» A. descartes
discuss
4.

Ontology deals with

A. matter
B. mind
C. being
D. ideas
Answer» C. being
discuss
5.

The method of Kant was

A. dialectic
B. critical
C. synthetic
D. speculative
Answer» B. critical
discuss
6.

The mind body relationship theory of Descartes is known as———

A. psycho physical parallelism
B. interactionism
C. pre-established harmony
D. none of these
Answer» B. interactionism
discuss
7.

Berkeley argues that all knowledge is derived from

A. impression
B. ideas
C. axioms
D. postulates
Answer» B. ideas
discuss
8.

According to Skepticism knowledge is ———-

A. certain
B. possible
C. uncertain
D. none of these
Answer» C. uncertain
discuss
9.

For Idealism ——— is primary

A. mind
B. inference
C. perception
D. soul
Answer» A. mind
discuss
10.

The author of Meditations is

A. leibniz
B. plato
C. descartes
D. spinoza
Answer» C. descartes
discuss
11.

Descartes was a ———thinker

A. emperical
B. rational
C. materialistic
D. idealistic
Answer» B. rational
discuss
12.

The Problem of Knowledge was written by ———

A. aristotle
B. plato
C. a.j ayer
D. collingwood
Answer» C. a.j ayer
discuss
13.

Who has said that mind has innate ideas

A. spinoza
B. kant
C. descartes
D. hume
Answer» C. descartes
discuss
14.

Leibniz defines substance or monads as

A. physical object
B. active force
C. geometrical figure
D. none of these
Answer» B. active force
discuss
15.

According to Kant --------- judgments are always apriori

A. synthetic
B. ethical
C. analytical
D. none of these
Answer» C. analytical
discuss
16.

------ admits innumerable monads or spiritual atoms

A. descartes
B. leibniz
C. spinoza
D. hegel
Answer» B. leibniz
discuss
17.

Who among the following is considered as the Subjective Idealist?

A. spinoza
B. leibniz
C. berkeley
D. none of these
Answer» C. berkeley
discuss
18.

Descartes suggests---- as absolute substance

A. mind
B. matter
C. god
D. none of these
Answer» C. god
discuss
19.

The rationalist philosopher ----- wants to give philosophy a stable character like mathematics

A. kant
B. descartes
C. plato
D. aristotle
Answer» B. descartes
discuss
20.

‘An Essay concerning human Understanding’ is the work of----------

A. spinoza
B. descartes
C. hume
D. none of these
Answer» C. hume
discuss
21.

----- is the method adopted by Kant

A. inductive
B. deductive
C. empirical
D. transcendental
Answer» D. transcendental
discuss
22.

Cogito ergo sum is a key concept in the philosophy of----------

A. leibniz
B. spinoza
C. descartes
D. none of these
Answer» C. descartes
discuss
23.

Who says that space and time are empirically real but transcendentally ideal?

A. pythagoras
B. spinoza
C. kant
D. hegel
Answer» C. kant
discuss
24.

According to ------- God is regarded as the only cause and bearer of all qualities

A. descartes
B. leibniz
C. spinoza
D. hegel
Answer» C. spinoza
discuss
25.

Who among the following is a German philosopher

A. plato
B. spinoza
C. kant
D. none of these
Answer» C. kant
discuss
26.

---------------- is the author of Tractatus Logico Philosophicus.

A. wv quine
B. wittgenstein
C. a j ayer
D. tarski
Answer» B. wittgenstein
discuss
27.

According to ------------ proposition must be verified to be meaningful.

A. logical positivist
B. modernist
C. atomist
D. none of these
Answer» A. logical positivist
discuss
28.

In Philosophical Investigations Wittgenstein proposed a -------------- theory of language.

A. use theory
B. picture theory
C. both a and b
D. none of these
Answer» A. use theory
discuss
29.

----------- is the author of The Blue and Brown Books.

A. wv quine
B. wittgenstein
C. a j ayer
D. tarsk
Answer» B. wittgenstein
discuss
30.

The task of --------------- is to distinguish between being and entities.

A. ontology
B. phenomenology
C. hermeneutics
D. existentialism
Answer» A. ontology
discuss
31.

--------------- is the founder of phenomenology.

A. sartre
B. husserl
C. gadamer
D. derrida
Answer» B. husserl
discuss
32.

According to --------------------synthetic a priori does not exist.

A. logical positivism
B. hermeneutics
C. existentialism
D. none of these
Answer» A. logical positivism
discuss
33.

In Tractatus, ---------- states that a proposition describes reality.

A. husserl
B. wittgenstein
C. carnap
D. russel
Answer» B. wittgenstein
discuss
34.

According to -------------the structure of language is determined by the structure of reality.

A. husserl
B. wittgenstein
C. carnap
D. russel
Answer» B. wittgenstein
discuss
35.

Space, time and categories of understanding are ———- forms of knowledge

A. apriori.
B. aposteriori
C. intuitive.
D. all of these
Answer» A. apriori.
discuss
36.

According to to Kant there are ———— categories

A. two.
B. three
C. four
D. five
Answer» C. four
discuss
37.

Spinoza’s Monism is known as ———

A. abstract monism.
B. concrete monism
C. phenomenal monism
D. all of these
Answer» A. abstract monism.
discuss
38.

Monadology is the work of ———-

A. leibniz.
B. descartes
C. hume
D. comte
Answer» A. leibniz.
discuss
39.

------------ is the author of the essay ‘Philosophy as rigorous science’.

A. husserl
B. heidegger
C. gadamer
D. derrida
Answer» A. husserl
discuss
40.

In Tractatus Wittgenstein proposed a -------------- theory of language.

A. use theory
B. picture theory
C. both a and b
D. none of these
Answer» B. picture theory
discuss
41.

------------ is the author of The Logical Syntax of Language,

A. russell
B. ayer
C. carnap
D. husserl
Answer» C. carnap
discuss
42.

For Descartes, the idea of soul

A. is not related to reason
B. is identical with reason
C. contradicts reason
D. does not contradict reason
Answer» C. contradicts reason
discuss
43.

———— insists on a a priori knowledge.

A. positivism
B. empiricism
C. rationalism
D. none of these
Answer» C. rationalism
discuss (1)
44.

For Descartes the proposition ‘I think’ is self-verifying because

A. it is a necessary truth.
B. it is a logical truth.
C. doubting it confirms it.
D. thinking is my essence
Answer» C. doubting it confirms it.
discuss
45.

According to Kant _________ the proper objects of faith

A. phenomena
B. noumena
C. both phenomena and noumena
D. neither phenomena nor noumena
Answer» B. noumena
discuss
46.

The problem of Universals was first introduced into philosophy by:

A. aquinas
B. aristotle
C. plato
D. berkeley
Answer» C. plato
discuss
47.

Generally the rise of modern Philosophy had been marked by----------

A. critical thinking
B. reflective spirit
C. revolt against authority
D. all these
Answer» D. all these
discuss
48.

Mind body theory of Descartes is known as----

A. psycho physical parallelism
B. interactionism
C. pre-established harmony
D. all of these
Answer» B. interactionism
discuss
49.

--- recognizes mind and matter as relative substances which are created by God

A. kant
B. descartes
C. leibniz
D. hegel
Answer» B. descartes
discuss
50.

According to ---------- , only mind and their ideas exist

A. hume
B. leibniz
C. spinoza
D. berkeley
Answer» D. berkeley
discuss

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