McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering [ENTC] .
| 151. |
Since a wireless ad-hoc network is decentralized and its topology is dynamic, each of the wireless nodes must perform its own message __________. |
| A. | forwarding |
| B. | protocols |
| C. | switching |
| D. | range |
| Answer» A. forwarding | |
| 152. |
What is the networking device used to forward packets on a packet-switching network? |
| A. | hub |
| B. | lan switch |
| C. | nap |
| D. | router |
| Answer» D. router | |
| 153. |
What signal transmission method intersperses message segments from multiple sessions into a single medium? |
| A. | dsss |
| B. | multiplexing |
| C. | modulation |
| D. | fhss |
| Answer» B. multiplexing | |
| 154. |
What is the term used to describe the height of a radio wave? |
| A. | frequency |
| B. | amplitude |
| C. | wavelength |
| D. | modulation |
| Answer» B. amplitude | |
| 155. |
Which of the RF multiplexing methods uses times slices to carry multiple data streams on a single carrier? |
| A. | fdm |
| B. | fm |
| C. | tdm |
| D. | am |
| Answer» C. tdm | |
| 156. |
The general rule of __________ is the inverse-square law, which measures an electromagnetic wave's strength relative to the distance over which it is transmitted. |
| A. | intensity |
| B. | frequency |
| C. | amplitude |
| D. | propagation |
| Answer» D. propagation | |
| 157. |
The __________ is designed to radiate the aura of the electromagnetic field created by the electric current. |
| A. | intensity |
| B. | antenna |
| C. | radio |
| D. | phase |
| Answer» B. antenna | |
| 158. |
__________ communications mode means that it can both transmit and receive, but only one action at a time. |
| A. | radio |
| B. | multiplexing |
| C. | full duplex |
| D. | half duplex |
| Answer» D. half duplex | |
| 159. |
The radio communication spectrum is divided into bands based on ______. |
| A. | frequency |
| B. | cost and hardware |
| C. | transmission media |
| D. | amplitude |
| Answer» A. frequency | |
| 160. |
Which of the following is a type of wireless network interference that can originate from a nearby radio wave transmitter? |
| A. | snr |
| B. | rfi |
| C. | emi |
| D. | crosstalk |
| Answer» B. rfi | |
| 161. |
What type of interference is emitted by nearby electrical motors, appliances, or faulty connections? |
| A. | snr |
| B. | rfi |
| C. | crosstalk |
| D. | emi |
| Answer» D. emi | |
| 162. |
What is the receive signal strength indicator used to measure? |
| A. | the ssid of the access point with the strongest signal. |
| B. | the weakest signal on any channel within the range of an access point. |
| C. | the strongest signal on a particular channel at a specific location. |
| D. | the channel which the least signal to noise ratio. |
| Answer» C. the strongest signal on a particular channel at a specific location. | |
| 163. |
What is the measurement used to indicate the amount of interference to a particular location? |
| A. | crosstalk |
| B. | snr |
| C. | rfi |
| D. | emi |
| Answer» B. snr | |
| 164. |
Which of these is not true for Time-Division Duplex (TDD)? |
| A. | tdd uses different time slots for transmission and reception paths |
| B. | single radio frequency can be used |
| C. | it increases the battery life of mobile phones |
| D. | a duplexer is required |
| Answer» C. it increases the battery life of mobile phones | |
| 165. |
Densor sensor field---------- the odds of detecting a signal source within the range |
| A. | increases |
| B. | decreases |
| C. | not affect |
| D. | independent of |
| Answer» A. increases | |
| 166. |
As the number of nodes___________, every node spends almost all of its time forwarding packets of other nodes |
| A. | decreases |
| B. | increases |
| C. | goes down |
| D. | remains same |
| Answer» B. increases | |
| 167. |
select the incorrect statement |
| A. | networking allows geographical distribution of the sensor nodes and their placement close to signal sources |
| B. | radio communication is the less expensive operation a node performs in terms of energy usage |
| C. | sensor networks are typically deployed in an adhoc manner |
| D. | wireless communication between nodes utilizes radio links |
| Answer» B. radio communication is the less expensive operation a node performs in terms of energy usage | |
| 168. |
select the incorrect statement |
| A. | networking allows geographical distribution of the sensor nodes and their placement close to signal sources |
| B. | radio communication is the most expensive operation a node performs in terms of energy usage |
| C. | sensor networks are typically deployed in an adhoc manner |
| D. | wireless communication between nodes utilizes optical link links |
| Answer» D. wireless communication between nodes utilizes optical link links | |
| 169. |
select the incorrect statement |
| A. | networking allows geographical distribution of the sensor nodes and their placement close to signal sources |
| B. | radio communication is the most expensive operation a node performs in terms of energy usage |
| C. | sensor networks are typically deployed in structured manner |
| D. | wireless communication between nodes utilizes radio links |
| Answer» C. sensor networks are typically deployed in structured manner | |
| 170. |
Within the coverage range, nodes communication is by__________ |
| A. | multicast |
| B. | broadcast |
| C. | both |
| D. | none of above |
| Answer» B. broadcast | |
| 171. |
___________sub-layer manages access to the physical network medium, and its fundamental goal is to reduce or avoid packet collisions in the medium |
| A. | llc |
| B. | physical |
| C. | mac |
| D. | baseband |
| Answer» C. mac | |
| 172. |
Following characteristics of wireless sensor networks point to the need for a specialized MAC protocol |
| A. | most sensor nodes are idle much of the time |
| B. | in-network processing can greatly improve bandwidth utilization |
| C. | issues of energy efficiency, scalability and robustness remain paramount |
| D. | all of above |
| Answer» D. all of above | |
| 173. |
The main goal of the ___________is to reduce energy waste caused by idle listening, collisions, overhearing and control overhead |
| A. | s-mac protocol |
| B. | ieee802.15.4 standard |
| C. | both |
| D. | ieee802.15.3 standard |
| Answer» A. s-mac protocol | |
| 174. |
The S-MAC protocol includes following major component |
| A. | periodic listen and sleep |
| B. | collision avoidance |
| C. | message passing |
| D. | all of above |
| Answer» D. all of above | |
| 175. |
The S-MAC protocol includes following major component |
| A. | periodic listen and sleep |
| B. | message passing |
| C. | a and b both |
| D. | none of above |
| Answer» C. a and b both | |
| 176. |
In the S-MAC protocol, ___________is designed to reduce energy consumption during the long idle time when no sensing events happen, by turning off the radio periodically |
| A. | periodic listen only |
| B. | periodic listen and sleep |
| C. | message passing |
| D. | periodic sleep only |
| Answer» B. periodic listen and sleep | |
| 177. |
__________in S-MAC is similar to the using an RTS/CTS exchange |
| A. | collision avoidance |
| B. | overhearing avoidance |
| C. | both |
| D. | one of above |
| Answer» A. collision avoidance | |
| 178. |
Following aspects of the energy cost in a sensor network make it challenging to reason about optimizing energy |
| A. | multi-hop communication can be more efficient than direct transmission |
| B. | when a node transmits, all other nodes within range can hear |
| C. | neither a nor b |
| D. | a and b both |
| Answer» D. a and b both | |
| 179. |
select the correct statement |
| A. | since the nodes operate independently, their clocks may not be synchronized with one another |
| B. | for time synchronization, the wired protocols assume the existence of highly accurate master clocks on some network nodes such as skew clock |
| C. | a and b both |
| D. | neither a nor b |
| Answer» A. since the nodes operate independently, their clocks may not be synchronized with one another | |
| 180. |
select the correct statement |
| A. | since the nodes operate independently, their clocks may not be synchronized with one another |
| B. | for time synchronization, the wired protocols assume the existence of highly accurate master clocks on some network nodes such as atomic clock |
| C. | a and b both |
| D. | neither a nor b |
| Answer» C. a and b both | |
| 181. |
The latency in channel can be decomposed into following components |
| A. | send time |
| B. | access time and receive time |
| C. | propagation time |
| D. | alln of above |
| Answer» D. alln of above | |
| 182. |
The latency in channel can be decomposed into following components |
| A. | send time and access time |
| B. | receive time and propagation time |
| C. | a and b both |
| D. | neither a nor b |
| Answer» C. a and b both | |
| 183. |
The Send time is |
| A. | this is the time taken by the sender to construct the message |
| B. | this is the delay incurred while waiting for access to the transmission channel due to contention, collisions etc |
| C. | this is the time for message to travel across the channel to the destination node |
| D. | this is the time for the network interface on the receiver side to get the message and notify the host of its arrival |
| Answer» A. this is the time taken by the sender to construct the message | |
| 184. |
The Access time is |
| A. | this is the time taken by the sender to construct the message |
| B. | this is the delay incurred while waiting for access to the transmission channel due to contention, collisions etc |
| C. | this is the time for message to travel across the channel to the destination node |
| D. | this is the time for the network interface on the receiver side to get the message and notify the host of its arrival |
| Answer» B. this is the delay incurred while waiting for access to the transmission channel due to contention, collisions etc | |
| 185. |
The Propagation time is |
| A. | this is the time taken by the sender to construct the message |
| B. | this is the delay incurred while waiting for access to the transmission channel due to contention, collisions etc |
| C. | this is the time for message to travel across the channel to the destination node |
| D. | this is the time for the network interface on the receiver side to get the message and notify the host of its arrival |
| Answer» C. this is the time for message to travel across the channel to the destination node | |
| 186. |
The Receive time is |
| A. | this is the time taken by the sender to construct the message |
| B. | this is the delay incurred while waiting for access to the transmission channel due to contention, collisions etc |
| C. | this is the time for message to travel across the channel to the destination node |
| D. | this is the time for the network interface on the receiver side to get the message and notify the host of its arrival |
| Answer» D. this is the time for the network interface on the receiver side to get the message and notify the host of its arrival | |
| 187. |
Receiving power additionally influenced by |
| A. | fading (frequency dependent) & shadowing |
| B. | reflection & refraction depending on the density |
| C. | scattering & diffraction |
| D. | all of above |
| Answer» D. all of above | |
| 188. |
Incorrect statement about Time and frequency multiplexing in combination is |
| A. | better protection against tapping |
| B. | protection against frequency selective interference |
| C. | higher data rates compared to code multiplex |
| D. | no precise coordination required |
| Answer» D. no precise coordination required | |
| 189. |
in case of hidden terminal problem |
| A. | two senders are in the communication range of each other |
| B. | two senders are not in the communication range of each other |
| C. | independent of sender range |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. two senders are not in the communication range of each other | |
| 190. |
in case of exposed terminal problem |
| A. | two senders are in the communication range of each other |
| B. | two senders are not in the communication range of each other |
| C. | independent of sender range |
| D. | two receivers are in the communication range of each other |
| Answer» A. two senders are in the communication range of each other | |
| 191. |
Throughput is defined as the number of bits or bytes successfully |
| A. | received per time unit t |
| B. | lost per time unit t |
| C. | transmitted per time unit t |
| D. | retransmitted per time unit t |
| Answer» C. transmitted per time unit t | |
| 192. |
Design Criteria for Medium Access Protocols |
| A. | maximize the throughput by minimizing the delay and energy spent. |
| B. | maximize the throughput by maximize the delay and minimizing energy spent. |
| C. | minimize the throughput by minimizing the delay and energy spent. |
| D. | maximize the throughput by maximize the delay and energy spent. |
| Answer» A. maximize the throughput by minimizing the delay and energy spent. | |
| 193. |
Design Criteria for Medium Access Protocols |
| A. | maximize the throughput by maximize the delay and energy spent. |
| B. | to minimize the time in listening mode as much as possible. |
| C. | to maximize the time in listening mode as much as possible. |
| D. | avoid the switched off devices handling |
| Answer» B. to minimize the time in listening mode as much as possible. | |
| 194. |
Microcontroller has current drawn typically of 1.8 mA and 5.1 µA respectively in |
| A. | active mode and sleep mode |
| B. | sleep mode and active mode |
| C. | ideal mode and active mode |
| D. | sleep mode and ideal mode |
| Answer» A. active mode and sleep mode | |
| 195. |
RF Transceiver draws more current in |
| A. | sleep mode |
| B. | receive mode |
| C. | transmit mode |
| D. | search mode |
| Answer» C. transmit mode | |
| 196. |
In centralized TDMA, |
| A. | the schedule is calculated online and provided when required |
| B. | the schedule is calculated offline and provided to the sensor nodes at startup. |
| C. | the schedule is calculated offline and provided when required |
| D. | the schedule is calculated online and provided when after regular interval of time |
| Answer» B. the schedule is calculated offline and provided to the sensor nodes at startup. | |
| 197. |
When a node has a packet to send, it listens for traffic on the channel. |
| A. | if the channel is free, it initially sends message, cts. |
| B. | if the channel is free, it initially waits for message, cts. |
| C. | if the channel is free, it initially sends message, rts. |
| D. | if the channel is free, it initially waits for message, rts. |
| Answer» C. if the channel is free, it initially sends message, rts. | |
| 198. |
If the channel is busy, continues sensing the channel until it becomes idle again. |
| A. | 1-persistent csma |
| B. | non-persistent csma |
| C. | p-persistent csma |
| D. | o-persistent csma |
| Answer» A. 1-persistent csma | |
| 199. |
If the channel is busy, it back-offs for a random amount of time and then retries. |
| A. | 1-persistent csma |
| B. | non-persistent csma |
| C. | p-persistent csma |
| D. | o-persistent csma |
| Answer» B. non-persistent csma | |
| 200. |
This version is time scheduled. A central controller in the network assigns a fixed transmission order |
| A. | 1-persistent csma |
| B. | non-persistent csma |
| C. | p-persistent csma |
| D. | o-persistent csma |
| Answer» D. o-persistent csma | |
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