Q.

Short term contractions and expansions in economic activity are called

A. Expansions
B. Recession
C. Deficits
D. The business cycle
Answer» D. The business cycle
Explanation: The business cycle is the fluctuation in economic activity that an economy experiences over a period of time. It is basicallydefined in terms of periods of expansion or recession. During expansions, the economy grows in real terms (i.e. excluding inflation), as evidenced by increases in indicators like employment, industrial production, sales and personal incomes. During recessions, the economy contracts, as measured by decreases in the above indicators.
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