McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Mechanical Engineering .
| 51. |
A plant producing both, electrical power & process heat simultaneously is? |
| A. | cogenital plant |
| B. | cogenerial plant |
| C. | cogeneration plant |
| D. | conglomerate plant |
| Answer» C. cogeneration plant | |
| Explanation: cogeneration plant is defined as a plant which produces electrical power and processes heat simultaneously. | |
| 52. |
In a back pressure turbine |
| A. | pressure at the exhaust from the turbine is the saturation pressure corresponding to the temperature desired in the process |
| B. | pressure at the entrance of the turbine is the saturation pressure corresponding to the temperature desired in the process |
| C. | pressure at the exhaust from the turbine is the saturation pressure corresponding to the pressure desired in the process |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» A. pressure at the exhaust from the turbine is the saturation pressure corresponding to the temperature desired in the process | |
| Explanation: the name back pressure turbine is given because pressure at the exhaust from the turbine is the saturation pressure corresponding to the temperature desired in the process. | |
| 53. |
In a by-product power cycle? |
| A. | the power is produced initially |
| B. | power production is in the middle stages of the cycle |
| C. | power production is after the cycle has ended |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. power production is after the cycle has ended | |
| Explanation: when the process steam is the basic need, and the power is produced | |
| 54. |
In terms of cost per MW compared to condensing sets of the same power, the back pressure turbines are? |
| A. | more expensive |
| B. | cheaper |
| C. | costly |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» B. cheaper | |
| Explanation: back pressure turbines are usually small with respect to their power output because they have no great volume of exhaust to cope with, the density being high. they are usually single cylinder and hence, usually cheaper in terms of cost per mw. | |
| 55. |
Which of the following is a good medium for constant temperature heating? |
| A. | water |
| B. | steam |
| C. | coolant |
| D. | diesel |
| Answer» B. steam | |
| Explanation: for constant temperature heating (or drying), steam is a very good medium since isothermal condition can be maintained by allowing saturated steam to condense at that temperature and utilising the latent heat released for heating purposes. | |
| 56. |
If e is the electricity fraction of the total energy output, m is the electric plant efficiency and n is the steam generator efficiency; the heat added per unit total energy output is given by? |
| A. | (1 / m) + ((1 – e) / n) |
| B. | (1 / n) + ((1 – e) / m) |
| C. | (1 / m) + ((1 + e) / n) |
| D. | (1 / n) + ((1 – e) / m) |
| Answer» A. (1 / m) + ((1 – e) / n) | |
| Explanation: if e is the electricity fraction of the total energy output, m is the electric plant efficiency and n is the steam generator efficiency; the heat added per unit total energy output is given by? | |
| 57. |
Which of these is not considered economical for cogeneration? |
| A. | a high fraction of electric to total energy |
| B. | a low fraction of electric to total energy |
| C. | a low fraction of total energy to electric energy |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» B. a low fraction of electric to total energy | |
| Explanation: a low fraction of electric to total energy is considered as an economical condition for cogeneration. cogeneration plant is defined as a plant which produces electrical power and processes heat simultaneously. | |
| 58. |
Which of these is a working fluid in the bottoming plant of a Brayton-Rankine combined plant? |
| A. | mercury |
| B. | steam |
| C. | water |
| D. | air |
| Answer» C. water | |
| Explanation: water is the bottoming fluid due to its high specific heat capacity. | |
| 59. |
What would be the temperature of the gas in the combustion chamber? |
| A. | 500 °c |
| B. | 1600 °c |
| C. | 1200 °c |
| D. | 650 °c |
| Answer» B. 1600 °c | |
| Explanation: the gas in the combustion chamber is at a temperature of 1600 °c. | |
| 60. |
What is regeneration? |
| A. | removal of heat from compressed air between stages of compression |
| B. | transfer of heat energy from exhaust gases to the compressed air flowing between compressor and the combustion chamber |
| C. | to increase the temperature of partially expanded gases by burning more fuel |
| D. | transfer of heat energy from exhaust gases to the compressed air flowing between compressor and the combustion chamber and increases the temperature of partially expanded gases by burning more fuel |
| Answer» B. transfer of heat energy from exhaust gases to the compressed air flowing between compressor and the combustion chamber | |
| Explanation: transfer of heat energy from exhaust gases to the compressed air flowing between compressor and the combustion chamber is called the process of regeneration. | |
| 61. |
What is meant by inter cooling? |
| A. | removal of heat from compressed air between stages of compression |
| B. | transfer of heat energy from exhaust gases to the compressed air flowing between compressor and the combustion chamber |
| C. | to increase the temperature of partially expanded gases by burning more fuel |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» A. removal of heat from compressed air between stages of compression | |
| Explanation: removal of heat from compressed air between various stages of compression is called inter cooling. | |
| 62. |
What is the air standard cycle for a Gas- Turbine called? |
| A. | reheat cycle |
| B. | rankine cycle |
| C. | brayton cycle |
| D. | diesel cycle |
| Answer» C. brayton cycle | |
| Explanation: brayton cycle is an ideal air standard cycle for a gas turbine, which, like the rankine cycle, also comprises of two reversible adiabatic & two reversible isobars. | |
| 63. |
Power is produced when the working fluid does some work on the? |
| A. | shaft |
| B. | fins |
| C. | blades |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. blades | |
| Explanation: for the production of power, the working fluid does some work on the blades of the turbine, thereby producing power. | |
| 64. |
A Gas Turbine is which type of combustion plant? |
| A. | external |
| B. | open |
| C. | internal |
| D. | cannot say |
| Answer» C. internal | |
| Explanation: since for the production of | |
| 65. |
Which type of compressor is used in a gas turbine plant? |
| A. | reciprocating compressor |
| B. | screw compressor |
| C. | multistage axial flow compressor |
| D. | either reciprocating compressor & screw compressor |
| Answer» C. multistage axial flow compressor | |
| Explanation: multistage axial flow compressor is the compressor in practical usage in a gas turbine plant. | |
| 66. |
What part or % of power developed is utilised for driving the compressor? |
| A. | 65 % |
| B. | 70 % |
| C. | 55 % |
| D. | 80 % |
| Answer» A. 65 % | |
| Explanation: a total of 65 % of power developed in the gas turbine is used for driving the compressor. | |
| 67. |
The gas turbine power plant mainly uses which among the following fuels? |
| A. | coal and peat |
| B. | kerosene oil and diesel oil and residual oil |
| C. | gas oil |
| D. | natural gas and liquid petroleum fuel |
| Answer» D. natural gas and liquid petroleum fuel | |
| Explanation: natural gas and liquid petroleum fuel are among the two fuels used in a gas turbine. | |
| 68. |
The maximum steam temperature in a |
| A. | 600 |
| B. | 500 |
| C. | 300 |
| D. | 100 |
| Answer» A. 600 | |
| Explanation: the maximum steam temperature in a power cycle is 600 degree centigrade. | |
| 69. |
The temperature in a dry bottom pulverised coal furnace, in degree Celsius is about? |
| A. | 1200 |
| B. | 1300 |
| C. | 1400 |
| D. | 2000 |
| Answer» B. 1300 | |
| Explanation: the temperature in a dry bottom pulverised coal furnace, in degree celsius is about 1300. | |
| 70. |
What happens to the availability in a combined cycle plant? |
| A. | decreases |
| B. | increases |
| C. | remains same |
| D. | cannot say |
| Answer» A. decreases | |
| Explanation: there is a great thermal irreversibility & a decrease of availability because of heat transfer from combustion gases to steam through such a large temperature difference. | |
| 71. |
Which of the following is not a type of Combined Plant? |
| A. | sodium- mercury-potassium plant |
| B. | gas turbine-steam turbine plant |
| C. | thermionic steam plant |
| D. | thermoelectric steam plant |
| Answer» A. sodium- mercury-potassium plant | |
| Explanation: sodium-mercury-potassium plants have two topping fluids which is impossible for a plant to possess. | |
| 72. |
Which of these is not a component of nuclear reactor? |
| A. | reactor core |
| B. | refractor |
| C. | control rod |
| D. | biological shield |
| Answer» B. refractor | |
| Explanation: a reflector rather than a refractor is a component of nuclear reactor. | |
| 73. |
What efficiencies of thermionic power generator have been realised? |
| A. | 50-60% |
| B. | 40-50% |
| C. | 10-20% |
| D. | 30-40% |
| Answer» C. 10-20% | |
| Explanation: efficiency of 30-40% has been realised in thermionic generators. | |
| 74. |
In economics of nuclear power plant taxes and insurance charges are taken as |
| A. | operating cost |
| B. | maintenance cost |
| C. | capital cost |
| D. | fixed cost |
| Answer» D. fixed cost | |
| Explanation: the life of reactor plant may be taken as between 15 to 20 years. for the other parts of the plant equipment the life may be taken as 30 years. the fixed cost would be interest, depreciation, taxes and insurance charges. | |
| 75. |
PWR stands for |
| A. | power |
| B. | partially weathered rock |
| C. | pressurized water reactor |
| D. | packaging waste regulations |
| Answer» C. pressurized water reactor | |
| Explanation: pwr stands for pressurized water reactor. a pwr power plant consists of two loops in series. one is the coolant loop called primary loop and other is the water steam or working fluid loop. pressurized water reactor falls under the category of light water reactor. | |
| 76. |
What does the top of the pressurizer in pressurized water reactor consists of at primary system pressure? |
| A. | steam |
| B. | air |
| C. | water |
| D. | fluids |
| Answer» A. steam | |
| Explanation: the pressurizer is a pressure vessel with a heater at the bottom and water spray at the top. the top of the pressurizer is filled with steam at primary system pressure. if the primary loop pressure drops, the heater is energized to increase the steam content in the pressurizer and thus increases the pressure of primary cooling system. | |
| 77. |
Select the incorrect statement which supports PWR. |
| A. | water is used as coolant |
| B. | pwr is stable in operation |
| C. | uses natural fuel |
| Answer» C. uses natural fuel | |
| Explanation: pwr uses enriched fuel | |
| 78. |
Select the incorrect statement about PWR. |
| A. | high primary circuit pressure requires a strong pressure vessel |
| B. | corrosion is less in pwr |
| C. | during fuel charging in pwr, the reactor has to be shut down at least for a month |
| D. | pwr results in uneven heating |
| Answer» B. corrosion is less in pwr | |
| Explanation: presence of high temperature and high pressure water, the corrosion is severe. this means use of stainless steel adds to further costing. when γ- radiations pass through the pressure vessel it results in uneven heating which induces thermal stresses on vessels. | |
| 79. |
LWR stands for |
| A. | lower water reactor |
| B. | line water reactor |
| C. | liquefied water reactor |
| D. | light water reactor |
| Answer» D. light water reactor | |
| Explanation: the light water reactor is a type of thermal-neutron reactor that uses normal water, as opposed to heavy water, as both its coolant and neutron moderator – furthermore a solid fissile element is used as fuel. these are most common type of thermal-neutron reactors. | |
| 80. |
In which reactor is the coolant in direct contact with the heat producing nuclear fuel? |
| A. | fast breeder reactor |
| B. | pressurized water reactor |
| C. | boiling water reactor |
| D. | heavy water reactor |
| Answer» C. boiling water reactor | |
| Explanation: in boiling water reactor, the coolant is in direct contact with the heat producing nuclear fuel and boils in the same compartment in which the fuel is located. the reactor pressure is maintained at 70bar. the coolant thus serves the triple function of coolant, moderato and working fluid. | |
| 81. |
How many types of Boiling water reactor cycles are there? |
| A. | 2 |
| B. | 3 |
| C. | 4 |
| D. | 5 |
| Answer» B. 3 | |
| Explanation: there are three different types of bwr cycles commonly used: | |
| 82. |
Which country invented CANDU heavy water reactor? |
| A. | canada |
| B. | germany |
| C. | russia |
| D. | bolivia |
| Answer» A. canada | |
| Explanation: the candu is a canadian pressurized heavy water reactor design used to generate electric power. heavy water nuclear reactors and light water nuclear reactors differ in how they create and manage the complex physics of nuclear fission or | |
| 83. |
CANDU stands for |
| A. | canadian natural darmstadtium uranium |
| B. | canadian natural deuterium uranium |
| C. | canadian natural dubnium uranium |
| D. | canadian natural dysprosium uranium |
| Answer» B. canadian natural deuterium uranium | |
| Explanation: the candu, for canada deuterium uranium, is a canadian pressurized heavy water reactor design used to generate electricity. the acronym refers to its deuterium oxide (heavy water) moderator and its use of (originally natural) uranium fuel. | |
| 84. |
Which reactor consists of both fertile and fissile material? |
| A. | fast breeder reactor |
| B. | pressurize water reactor |
| C. | boiling water reactor |
| D. | converter reactor |
| Answer» A. fast breeder reactor | |
| Explanation: if the reactor produces more fissionable material than it consumes, it is fast breeder reactor. the breeder fuel consists of both fertile and fissile material. the number | |
| 85. |
What is acronym of LMFBR? |
| A. | liquid molecular fast boiling reactor |
| B. | liquid metal fast breeder reactor |
| C. | liquefied metal fast boiling reactor |
| D. | liquid metal fast boiling reactor |
| Answer» B. liquid metal fast breeder reactor | |
| Explanation: lmfbr stands for liquid | |
| 86. |
GCFBR stands for |
| A. | gas conditioned fast breeder reactor |
| B. | gas cooled fast breeder reactor |
| C. | gas conditioned fast boiling reactor |
| D. | gas cooled fast breeder reactor |
| Answer» B. gas cooled fast breeder reactor | |
| Explanation: the gcfbr stands for gas cooled fast breeder reactor; it is cooled by helium gas at 85bar. also helium doesn’t become radioactive under neutron bombardment and hence secondary coolant is not needed. | |
| 87. |
Using Helium gas in GCFBR has many advantages. |
| A. | true |
| B. | false |
| Answer» A. true | |
| Explanation: using helium as coolant posses less severe metallurgical and safety problems. heat transfer coefficient of helium is much superior than sodium with artificial roughening of fuel rod surfaces. low doubling time as compared to sodium cooled reactors. | |
| 88. |
Which reactor uses orthometaerhenyl and paratherphenyl as coolant and moderator? |
| A. | liquid metal fast breeder reactor |
| B. | gas cooled fast breeder reactor |
| C. | organic substance cooled reactor |
| D. | candu heavy water reactor |
| Answer» C. organic substance cooled reactor | |
| Explanation: organic substance cooled reactor uses enriched uranium as fuel and a mixture of orthometaterhenyl and paratherphenyl as coolant and moderator, and boron control rods, generating 11.4 mw capacities with an overall efficiency of 25%. | |
| 89. |
Nuclear plant is located near the area where cooling water is available. |
| A. | true |
| B. | false |
| Answer» A. true | |
| Explanation: some of the major factors to locate a nuclear station considered are, availability of cooling water, transportation facilities, distance from load centre, safety, radioactive waste, disposal facility and foundation requirement. | |
| 90. |
Which of the following may be used to measure the rate of nuclear disintegration? |
| A. | geiger-muller counter |
| B. | cold chamber |
| C. | cyclotron |
| D. | van de graph generator |
| Answer» A. geiger-muller counter | |
| Explanation: geiger-muller counter is used to measure the rate of nuclear disintegration. | |
| 91. |
Which of the following may not need a moderator? |
| A. | candu reactor |
| B. | fast breeder reactor |
| C. | homogeneous reactor |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» B. fast breeder reactor | |
| Explanation: fast breeder reactor may not need a moderator. | |
| 92. |
Which of the following is not a naturally occurring nuclear fuel? |
| A. | uranium-238 |
| B. | thorium-233 |
| C. | plutonium-239 |
| D. | none of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. plutonium-239 | |
| Explanation: plutonium-239 is an artificial nuclear fuel. | |
| 93. |
One amu is equivalent to? |
| A. | 931 mev |
| B. | 93.1 ev |
| C. | 9.31 ev |
| D. | 931 j |
| Answer» A. 931 mev | |
| Explanation: 91 mev constitutes one amu. | |
| 94. |
Fast breeder reactors do not |
| A. | use molten sodium as coolant |
| B. | use fast neutrons for fission |
| C. | use th-232 as fissile fuel |
| D. | convert fertile material to fissile material |
| Answer» C. use th-232 as fissile fuel | |
| Explanation: fast breeder reactors do not use thorium-232 as fuel. | |
| 95. |
A boiling water reactor is the one, in which the |
| A. | pressurised water is pumped into the core. |
| B. | coolant water, after being heated in the reactor core, generates steam in a boiler |
| C. | fuel and the coolant are thoroughly mixed to form a homogeneous solution |
| D. | coolant water is allowed to boil in the core of the reactor |
| Answer» D. coolant water is allowed to boil in the core of the reactor | |
| Explanation: a boiling water reactor is the one, in which the coolant water is allowed to boil in the core of the reactor. | |
| 96. |
Commercial power generation from fusion reactor is not yet possible, because |
| A. | it is difficult to initiate fusion reaction |
| B. | the fuel required (e.g. deuterium and tritium) is scarce |
| C. | it is difficult to control fusion reaction |
| D. | quantity of fuel required for initiating fusion reaction is prohibitively high |
| Answer» C. it is difficult to control fusion reaction | |
| Explanation: as fission reactions are hard to be controlled, the commercial power generation is not yet possible. | |
| 97. |
Thermal shield is used in high powered nuclear reactors to |
| A. | absorb the fast neutrons |
| B. | protect the walls of the reactor from radiation damage |
| C. | slow down the secondary neutrons |
| D. | protect the fuel element from coming in contact with the coolant |
| Answer» B. protect the walls of the reactor from radiation damage | |
| Explanation: thermal shield is used in high powered nuclear reactors to protect the walls of the reactor from radiation damage. | |
| 98. |
Where was the first control fission of an atom carried out? |
| A. | india |
| B. | japan |
| C. | russia |
| D. | germany |
| Answer» D. germany | |
| Explanation: the first controlled fission of an atom was carried out in germany in 1938. nuclear fission is the splitting of the nucleus of the atom. this splitting of the nucleus results in energy that can be used for various purposes. | |
| 99. |
Which was the first country to develop an atomic bomb? |
| A. | russia |
| B. | united states |
| C. | china |
| D. | japan |
| Answer» B. united states | |
| Explanation: though germany is the first country where first controlled fission of an atom was carried, united state was the first country to develop an atomic bomb, which was subsequently dropped on the japanese cities hiroshima and nagasaki. | |
| 100. |
How many percentage of fissionable U-235 |
| A. | 0.1% |
| B. | 0.5% |
| C. | 0.7% |
| D. | 1.5% |
| Answer» C. 0.7% | |
| Explanation: naturally occurring uranium contains only 0.7% of fissionable u-235, which is not enough for most types of rectors. it is necessary to increase the amount of u- 235 by enrichment, although it is a difficult and expensive process. | |
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