McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering [ENTC] .
| 351. |
To ensure the ___________of the system, the communication and computation should be localized to relevant sensors only |
| A. | responsiveness |
| B. | scalability |
| C. | both |
| D. | none of above |
| Answer» C. both | |
| 352. |
For communication, the main consideration is that communication paths consists of many short hops can be___________ energy efficient than paths using a few long hops |
| A. | more |
| B. | less |
| C. | equal |
| D. | can not specify |
| Answer» A. more | |
| 353. |
select the correct statement |
| A. | aim of the routing protocols is to deliver packets to nodes specified by their geographic location |
| B. | it may be more economical to use a equal transmission radius for nodes in areas of high node density |
| C. | it may be more economical to use a larger transmission radius for nodes in areas of high node density |
| D. | all are incorrect |
| Answer» A. aim of the routing protocols is to deliver packets to nodes specified by their geographic location | |
| 354. |
select the correct statement |
| A. | it may be more economical to use a equal transmission radius for nodes in areas of high node density |
| B. | it may be more economical to use a larger transmission radius for nodes in areas of high node density |
| C. | it may be more economical to use a smaller transmission radius for nodes in areas of high node density |
| D. | none of above |
| Answer» C. it may be more economical to use a smaller transmission radius for nodes in areas of high node density | |
| 355. |
It may be more economical to use a smaller transmission radius for nodes in areas of high node density, w/o sacrificing adequate network connectivity. This is the issue of___________ |
| A. | traffic control |
| B. | node failure |
| C. | node migration |
| D. | topology control |
| Answer» D. topology control | |
| 356. |
In___________ routing, among the neighbors y of x closer to d than x, pick the one closest to d |
| A. | greedy distance |
| B. | compass |
| C. | both |
| D. | none of above |
| Answer» A. greedy distance | |
| 357. |
___________routing states that "start in the face of G just beyond s along sd and walk around that face. Stop if d is reached or if the segment sd is about to be crossed. In the latter case, cross over into the next face of G along sd and repeat the process" |
| A. | greedy distance |
| B. | compass |
| C. | convex perimeter |
| D. | none of above |
| Answer» C. convex perimeter | |
| 358. |
___________is a method that allow the nodes in a network to determine their geographic positions on their own as much as possible, during the network initialization process |
| A. | self tracking |
| B. | self localization |
| C. | a or b |
| D. | neither a nor b |
| Answer» B. self localization | |
| 359. |
The error in localization, measured as mean squared error , generally ___________as more sensor measurements are incorporated |
| A. | decreases |
| B. | increases |
| C. | remains same |
| D. | can not predict |
| Answer» A. decreases | |
| 360. |
How the leader node maintains and migrates the collaborative processing group. Arrange the following steps in correct order a: sensors are selected to acquire new measurements using the sensor selection algorithm b: after the leader is elected, it initializes a belief state as uniform disk centered at its own location c: as the target moves, the sensors that did not previously detect may begin detecting |
| A. | c b a |
| B. | a c b |
| C. | b c a |
| D. | b a c |
| Answer» C. b c a | |
| 361. |
In _______ forwarding, the routing table holds the address of just the next hop instead of complete route information. |
| A. | next-hop |
| B. | network-specific |
| C. | host-specific |
| D. | default |
| Answer» A. next-hop | |
| 362. |
The idea of address aggregation was designed to alleviate the increase in routing table entries when using ________ |
| A. | classful addressing |
| B. | classless addressing |
| C. | both a and b |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. classless addressing | |
| 363. |
A _______ routing table contains information entered manually. |
| A. | static |
| B. | dynamic |
| C. | hierarchical |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. static | |
| 364. |
The input and output ports of a router perform the ________ layer functions of the router. |
| A. | physical and data link |
| B. | network |
| C. | transport |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. physical and data link | |
| 365. |
In ________, each node maintains a vector (table) of minimum distances to every node. |
| A. | path vector |
| B. | distance vector |
| C. | link state |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. distance vector | |
| 366. |
The metric used by _______ is the hop count |
| A. | ospf |
| B. | rip |
| C. | bgp |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. rip | |
| 367. |
The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol is an intra-domain routing protocol based on _______ routing |
| A. | distance vector |
| B. | link state |
| C. | path vector |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. link state | |
| 368. |
In ______, the router forwards the received packet through only one of its interfaces. |
| A. | unicasting |
| B. | multicasting |
| C. | broadcasting |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. unicasting | |
| 369. |
In _______, the router may forward the received packet through several of its interfaces |
| A. | unicasting |
| B. | multicasting |
| C. | broadcasting |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. multicasting | |
| 370. |
In unicast routing, each router in the domain has a table that defines a ______ path tree to possible destinations |
| A. | average |
| B. | longest |
| C. | shortest |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. shortest | |
| 371. |
In multicast routing, each involved router needs to construct a ________ path tree for each group. |
| A. | average |
| B. | longest |
| C. | shortest |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. shortest | |
| 372. |
_________ broadcasts packets, but creates loops in the systems. |
| A. | forwarding |
| B. | flooding |
| C. | backwarding |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. flooding | |
| 373. |
In RPF, a router forwards only the copy that has traveled the _______ path from the source to the router. |
| A. | shortest |
| B. | longest |
| C. | average |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. shortest | |
| 374. |
RPF eliminates the ________ in the flooding process |
| A. | forwarding |
| B. | flooding |
| C. | backwarding |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |
| 375. |
Lokalization is nothiong but |
| A. | determining the node’s geographical location |
| B. | determining the node’s relative position |
| C. | a or b |
| D. | none of above |
| Answer» C. a or b | |
| 376. |
_______________ is essential for any WSN application. |
| A. | time synchronization |
| B. | localization |
| C. | time synchronization & localization |
| D. | a or b any one |
| Answer» C. time synchronization & localization | |
| 377. |
For outdoor wireless sensor networks ________ is used for localization |
| A. | gps |
| B. | postal address |
| C. | semantic information |
| D. | a and b both |
| Answer» D. a and b both | |
| 378. |
Choose the correct statement |
| A. | physical coordinates changes and symbolic coordinates remains constant over time |
| B. | physical coordinates remains constant and symbolic coordinates changes over time |
| C. | physical coordinates and symbolic coordinates both remains constant over time |
| D. | physical coordinates and symbolic coordinates changes over time |
| Answer» B. physical coordinates remains constant and symbolic coordinates changes over time | |
| 379. |
Tracking problem can be described as the solution of a |
| A. | set of localization problems at successive time intervals. |
| B. | set of localization problems at successive location. |
| C. | single localization problems at fixed time intervals. |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» A. set of localization problems at successive time intervals. | |
| 380. |
Localization accuracy is the _____________ distance between the estimated and the real position of the sensor node. |
| A. | average |
| B. | smallest |
| C. | largest |
| D. | mean |
| Answer» C. largest | |
| 381. |
A typical GPS receivers achieve 15 meters accuracy with 95% precision. This means that in 95% of all measurements you stay in the radius of 15 meters, whereas in the remaining 5% you have _____ errors. |
| A. | smaller |
| B. | larger |
| C. | can not specify |
| D. | a or b |
| Answer» B. larger | |
| 382. |
Localization methods have _______________ costs associated with it |
| A. | communication cost and infrastructure cost only |
| B. | space cost and communication cost only |
| C. | space cost, communication cost and infrastructure cost only |
| D. | space cost, communication cost and energy cost only |
| Answer» C. space cost, communication cost and infrastructure cost only | |
| 383. |
Few node consist of GPS installed on it to simplify the localization are called as _________. |
| A. | anchor nodes |
| B. | simple nodes |
| C. | master nodes |
| D. | router nodes |
| Answer» A. anchor nodes | |
| 384. |
Anchor nodes are the nodes having ________. |
| A. | compass on it |
| B. | gps on it |
| C. | trans-receiver on it |
| D. | internet connectivity |
| Answer» B. gps on it | |
| 385. |
If the target cooperates itself in localization & tracking, then it is called as _________ target tracking. |
| A. | active |
| B. | collaborative |
| C. | cooperative |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 386. |
Range Based target tracking algorithm relies on |
| A. | distance calculation, |
| B. | range calculation, |
| C. | connectivity of nodes |
| D. | a and b both |
| Answer» D. a and b both | |
| 387. |
Range free target tracking algorithm relies on |
| A. | distance calculation, |
| B. | range calculation, |
| C. | connectivity of nodes |
| D. | a and c both |
| Answer» C. connectivity of nodes | |
| 388. |
Pre-deployment Schemes provide sensor nodes with their location information _________ them in the environment. |
| A. | before installing |
| B. | after installing |
| C. | both are possible |
| D. | initially during network formation |
| Answer» A. before installing | |
| 389. |
Pre-deployment Schemes provide sensor nodes with their location information of consist of _________ |
| A. | symbolic information |
| B. | postal address |
| C. | a and b both |
| D. | gps location |
| Answer» C. a and b both | |
| 390. |
_____________ has strategy of Non-anchor nodes try to locate themselves by sensing the positions of anchor nodes in their proximity |
| A. | post-deployment localization |
| B. | pre-deployment localization |
| C. | proximity scheme of localization |
| D. | b and c both |
| Answer» D. b and c both | |
| 391. |
_____________ has strategy of Non-anchor nodes try to locate themselves by sensing the positions of anchor nodes in their proximity |
| A. | post-deployment localization |
| B. | pre-deployment localization |
| C. | neither a nor b |
| D. | a and b both |
| Answer» A. post-deployment localization | |
| 392. |
In location mules, there are no ____________ in the environment. Instead, a _________ with an on-board GPS receiver is used. |
| A. | installed anchors, router |
| B. | installed anchors, mobile node |
| C. | mobile node, installed anchors |
| D. | mobile node, personal computer |
| Answer» B. installed anchors, mobile node | |
| 393. |
The ________ the transmission power of the mule, then ________ is the accuracy of positioning. |
| A. | weaker, weaker |
| B. | better, better |
| C. | weaker, better |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. weaker, better | |
| 394. |
In triangulation, need to measure the angle between the sensor node and the anchors and use this information to compute nodes own position. |
| A. | angle |
| B. | distance |
| C. | angle and distance |
| D. | angle and height |
| Answer» A. angle | |
| 395. |
For trilateration, we measure distances to at least _______ anchors. |
| A. | 2 |
| B. | 3 |
| C. | 4 |
| D. | 5 |
| Answer» B. 3 | |
| 396. |
For trilateration, we measure _______ between the node and anchors. |
| A. | angle |
| B. | distance |
| C. | angle and distance |
| D. | angle and height |
| Answer» B. distance | |
| 397. |
Trilateration measures distance based on radio communication by mapping _____ values into distances. |
| A. | received signal strength indicator - rssi |
| B. | link quality indicator - lqi |
| C. | rssi or lqi |
| D. | rssi and lqi |
| Answer» A. received signal strength indicator - rssi | |
| 398. |
The time difference of arrival method uses ___________ communication interfaces to estimate distance. |
| A. | radio only |
| B. | acoustic only |
| C. | radio and acoustic |
| D. | radio or acoustic |
| Answer» C. radio and acoustic | |
| 399. |
In case of iterative localization the accuracy of localization ________ with each iteration. |
| A. | increases |
| B. | decreases |
| C. | remains same |
| D. | may increase or decrease |
| Answer» B. decreases | |
| 400. |
Node gather enough anchor points and measurements, they compute their own locations. Once they have localized, they also declare themselves as an anchors. In this way, sensor nodes without enough anchors get a chance to localize. This approach is called as ____________ localization. |
| A. | iterative |
| B. | direct |
| C. | range free |
| D. | a and c both |
| Answer» A. iterative | |
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