McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Biomedical Engineering .
Chapters
| 101. |
Which of the following cannot be treated as a requirement of the instrumentation amplifier? |
| A. | Low drift |
| B. | Low input impedance |
| C. | High linearity |
| D. | High CMRR |
| Answer» B. Low input impedance | |
| 102. |
Amplifier with power supply and output circuits galvanically isolated are called |
| A. | Differential amplifier |
| B. | Isolation amplifier |
| C. | Inverting amplifier |
| D. | None of the mentioned |
| Answer» B. Isolation amplifier | |
| 103. |
Voltage follower is also known as |
| A. | Unity gain amplifier |
| B. | Differential amplifier |
| C. | Comparator |
| D. | None of the mentioned |
| Answer» A. Unity gain amplifier | |
| 104. |
Which configuration of op-amp is used for filter circuit? |
| A. | Differential |
| B. | Non-inverting |
| C. | Inverting |
| D. | None of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. Inverting | |
| 105. |
Amplification of low level signal can be done using |
| A. | Electrometer amplifier |
| B. | Difference amplifier |
| C. | Inverting amplifier |
| D. | Non inverting amplifier |
| Answer» A. Electrometer amplifier | |
| 106. |
For an ideal op-amp, zero input results in zero output. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| Answer» A. True | |
| 107. |
Which of the following is not a requirement of transmission lines? |
| A. | Minimum attenuation of signal |
| B. | Should not radiate signal |
| C. | High power signal |
| D. | Less noise |
| Answer» C. High power signal | |
| 108. |
What is used between the two lead wires of a parallel transmission line? |
| A. | Plastic |
| B. | Ceramic |
| C. | Metal |
| D. | Wood |
| Answer» A. Plastic | |
| 109. |
What is used as a surrounding for the solid center core in a coaxial cable? |
| A. | Plastic dielectric |
| B. | Ceramic |
| C. | Metal |
| D. | Wood |
| Answer» A. Plastic dielectric | |
| 110. |
For what purpose was twisted pair cable first used? |
| A. | AM |
| B. | Telephone |
| C. | Wi-Fi |
| D. | Digital data transmission |
| Answer» B. Telephone | |
| 111. |
What is the type of transmission line in which neither wire is connected to the ground? |
| A. | Unbalanced line |
| B. | Twisted pair cable |
| C. | LAN lines |
| D. | Balanced line |
| Answer» D. Balanced line | |
| 112. |
What is the phase difference between the current flowing in the two wires of a balanced line? |
| A. | 100° |
| B. | 180° |
| C. | 150° |
| D. | 90° |
| Answer» B. 180° | |
| 113. |
In a balanced line, noise is present in the transmission line but cancels at the receiver. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| Answer» A. True | |
| 114. |
What is it called when the noise is present in the transmission line but gets canceled at the receiver? |
| A. | Cancellation mode |
| B. | Common mode cancellation |
| C. | Common mode rejection |
| D. | Rectification |
| Answer» C. Common mode rejection | |
| 115. |
Coaxial cables are lines? |
| A. | Balanced |
| B. | Unbalanced |
| C. | LAN |
| D. | Parallel wire |
| Answer» B. Unbalanced | |
| 116. |
What is the device that converts the balanced line to an unbalanced line called? |
| A. | Unbalancer |
| B. | Balancer |
| C. | Balun |
| D. | Equalizer |
| Answer» C. Balun | |
| 117. |
Which filter attenuates any frequency outside the pass band? |
| A. | Band-pass filter |
| B. | Band-reject filter |
| C. | Band-stop filter |
| D. | All of the mentioned |
| Answer» A. Band-pass filter | |
| 118. |
Narrow band-pass filters are defined as |
| A. | Q < 10 |
| B. | Q = 10 |
| C. | Q > 10 |
| D. | None of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. Q > 10 | |
| 119. |
Find the center frequency of wide band-pass filter |
| A. | fc= √(fh ×fL) |
| B. | fc= √(fh +fL) |
| C. | fc= √(fh -fL) |
| D. | fc= √(fh /fL) |
| Answer» A. fc= √(fh ×fL) | |
| 120. |
Find out the voltage gain magnitude equation for the wide band-pass filter. |
| A. | AFt×( f/fL)/√[(1+(f/fh)2]×[1+(f/fL)2]. |
| B. | AFt/ √{[1+(f/fh)2]×[1+(f/fL)2]} |
| C. | AFt/ √{[1+(f/fh)2]/[1+(f/fL)2]} |
| D. | [AFt/(f/fL)]/ √{[1+(f/fh)2]/[1+(f/fL)2]} |
| Answer» A. AFt×( f/fL)/√[(1+(f/fh)2]×[1+(f/fL)2]. | |
| 121. |
When a second order high pass filter and second order low pass sections are cascaded, the resultant filter is a |
| A. | ±80dB/decade band-pass filter |
| B. | ±40dB/decade band-pass filter |
| C. | ±20dB/ decade band-pass filter |
| D. | None of the mentioned |
| Answer» B. ±40dB/decade band-pass filter | |
| 122. |
Find the voltage gain magnitude of the wide band-pass filter? Where total pass band gain is=6, input frequency = 750Hz, Low cut-off frequency =200Hz and high cut-off frequency=1khz. |
| A. | 13.36 dB |
| B. | 12.25 dB |
| C. | 11.71 dB |
| D. | c) 14.837dB |
| Answer» D. c) 14.837dB | |
| 123. |
Compute the quality factor of the wide band-pass filter with high and low cut-off frequencies equal to 950Hz and 250Hz. |
| A. | 0.278 |
| B. | 0.348 |
| C. | 0.696 |
| D. | 0.994 |
| Answer» C. 0.696 | |
| 124. |
The details of low pass filter sections are given as fh =10kHz, AF= 2 and f=1.2kHz. Find the voltage gain magnitude of first order wide band-pass filter, if the voltage gain magnitude of high pass filter section is 8.32dB. |
| A. | 48.13dB |
| B. | 10.02dB |
| C. | 14.28dB |
| D. | 65.99dB |
| Answer» C. 14.28dB | |
| 125. |
The quality factor of a wide band-pass filter can be |
| A. | 12.6 |
| B. | 9.1 |
| C. | 14.2 |
| D. | 10.9 |
| Answer» B. 9.1 | |
| 126. |
If the gain at center frequency is 10, find the quality factor of narrow band-pass filter |
| A. | 1 |
| B. | 2 |
| C. | 3 |
| D. | None of the mentioned |
| Answer» C. 3 | |
| 127. |
The advantage of narrow band-pass filter is |
| A. | fc can be changed without changing gain |
| B. | fc can be changed without changing bandwidth |
| C. | fc can be changed without changing resistors |
| D. | All of the mentioned |
| Answer» D. All of the mentioned | |
| 128. |
Which of the following is the technique of analyzing the electrical activity of the heart by obtaining ECG’s? |
| A. | VCG |
| B. | EEG |
| C. | EMG |
| D. | PCG |
| Answer» A. VCG | |
| Explanation: Vectorcardiography is the technique of analyzing the electrical activity of the heart by obtaining ECG’s along three axes at right angles to one another and displaying any two of these ECGs as a vector display on an X-Y oscilloscope. | |
| 129. |
Vectorcardiogram displays the electrical events in perpendicular axes. |
| A. | one |
| B. | two |
| C. | three |
| D. | four |
| Answer» B. two | |
| Explanation: In contrast, the electrocardiogram which displays the electrical potential in any one single axis, the vectorcardiogram displays the same electrical events simultaneously in two perpendicular axes. | |
| 130. |
is a vectorial representation of the distribution of electric potentials generated by heart. |
| A. | EEG |
| B. | ECG |
| C. | PCG |
| D. | VCG |
| Answer» D. VCG | |
| Explanation: In contrast, the electrocardiogram which displays the electrical potential in any one single axis, the vectorcardiogram displays the same electrical events simultaneously in two perpendicular axes. This gives a vectorial representation of the distribution of electrical potentials generated by the heart and produces loop type patterns on the CRT screen. | |
| 131. |
How many loops each vectorcardiogram exhibits? |
| A. | one |
| B. | two |
| C. | three |
| D. | four |
| Answer» C. three | |
| Explanation: The major information that it provides is the direction of depolarization and repolarization of the atria and the ventricles. Each vectorcardiogram exhibits three loops, showing the vector orientation of the P wave, the QRSaxis and the T wave. | |
| 132. |
Which of the following instrument is used for recording the sounds connected with the pumping action of the heart? |
| A. | ECG |
| B. | VCG |
| C. | PCG |
| D. | EEG |
| Answer» C. PCG | |
| Explanation: The phonocardiograph is an instrument used for recording the sounds connected with the pumping action of the heart. These sounds provide an indication of the heart rate and its rhythmicity. They also give useful information regarding the effectiveness of blood pumping and valve action. | |
| 133. |
Which instrument is used for clinical detection of heart sounds? |
| A. | Stethoscope |
| B. | Endoscope |
| C. | Anoscope |
| D. | Proctoscope |
| Answer» A. Stethoscope | |
| Explanation: Heart sounds are diagnostically useful. Sounds produced by healthy hearts are remarkably identical and abnormal sounds always corelate to specific physical abnormalities. From the beginning till today, the principal instrument used for the clinical detection of heart sounds is the acoustical stethoscope. | |
| 134. |
Who provides a recording of waveforms of heart sounds? |
| A. | Electrocardiograph |
| B. | Vectorcardiograph |
| C. | Phonocardiograph |
| D. | Electromyograph |
| Answer» C. Phonocardiograph | |
| Explanation: The phonocardiographs provide a recording of the waveforms of the heart sounds. These waveforms are diagnostically more important and revealing than the sounds themselves. | |
| 135. |
What is the frequency range of sound generated from the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valve? |
| A. | 0 to 30 Hz |
| B. | 30 to 100 Hz |
| C. | 100 to 1000 Hz |
| D. | above 1000 Hz |
| Answer» B. 30 to 100 Hz | |
| Explanation: The closure of the mitral and tricuspid valve contributes largely to the first sound. The frequencies of these sounds are generally in the range of 30 to 100 Hz and the duration is between 50 to 100 ms. | |
| 136. |
Which of the following microphone is used for recording phonocardiograms? |
| A. | Contact Microphone |
| B. | Shotgun Microphone |
| C. | Handheld Microphone |
| D. | Lapel Microphone |
| Answer» A. Contact Microphone | |
| Explanation: Two types of microphones are commonly in use for recording phonocardiograms. They are the contact microphone and the air coupled microphone. They are further categorized into crystal type or dynamic type based on their principle of operation. | |
| 137. |
What is the frequency range of sound produced at the closure of aortic and pulmonic valves? |
| A. | less than 0 Hz |
| B. | 0 to 30 Hz |
| C. | 30 to 100 Hz |
| D. | above 100 Hz |
| Answer» D. above 100 Hz | |
| Explanation: The second sound is higher in pitch than the first, with frequencies above 100 Hz and the duration between 25 to 50 ms. This sound is produced by the slight back flow of blood into the heart before the valves close and then by the closure of the valves in the arteries leading out of the ventricles. This means that it occurs at the closure of aortic and the pulmonic valves. | |
| 138. |
What is the thickness of the new acoustic sensor? |
| A. | 0.25 mm |
| B. | 0.5 mm |
| C. | 1.0 mm |
| D. | 1.5 mm |
| Answer» C. 1.0 mm | |
| Explanation: A new acoustic sensor, which enhances the audibility of heart sounds and enables recording of quantitative acoustic spectral data is described by Kassal et al, 1994. This device is a polymer based adherent differential-output sensor, which is only 1.0 mm thick. | |
| 139. |
Who described the new acoustic sensor? |
| A. | Golden et al |
| B. | Rijn et al |
| C. | Levkov et al |
| D. | Kassal et al |
| Answer» D. Kassal et al | |
| Explanation: A new acoustic sensor, which enhances the audibility of heart sounds and enables recording of quantitative acoustic spectral data is described by Kassal et al, 1994. This device is a polymer based adherent differential-output sensor, which is only 1.0 mm thick. | |
| 140. |
Acoustic sensor principal sensing component is made up of which polymer? |
| A. | PEO(Poly-ethylene oxide) |
| B. | PET(Poly-ethylene tetraphthalate) |
| C. | PVDF(Poly-vinylidene fluoride) |
| D. | PS(Poly-styrene) |
| Answer» C. PVDF(Poly-vinylidene fluoride) | |
| Explanation: Its principle sensing components is PVDF (poly-vinylidene fluoride), which is a piezo-electric polymer. It produces charges of equal magnitude and opposite polarity on opposite surfaces when a mechanical strain is imposed on the material. | |
| 141. |
What is the frequency range of amplifier used for a phonocardiograph? |
| A. | less than 0 Hz |
| B. | 0 to 20 Hz |
| C. | 20 to 2000 Hz |
| D. | above 2000 Hz |
| Answer» C. 20 to 2000 Hz | |
| Explanation: The amplifier used for a phonocardiograph has wide bandwidth with a frequency range of about 20 to 2000 Hz. Filters permit selection of suitable frequency bands, so that particular heart sound frequencies can be recorded. | |
| 142. |
PCG amplifiers usually have gain compensation circuits to increase the amplification of high frequency signals, which are usually of low intensity. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| Answer» A. True | |
| Explanation: Yes, PCG amplifiers usually have gain compensation circuits to increase the amplification of high frequency signals, which are usually of low intensity. The frequencies at the higher end of the range are of particular significance in research applications. | |
| 143. |
Which of the following instrument is used for recording the electrical activity of the muscles? |
| A. | ECG |
| B. | EMG |
| C. | PCG |
| D. | EEG |
| Answer» B. EMG | |
| Explanation: Electromyograph is an instrument used for recording the electrical activity of the muscles to determine whether the muscle is contracting or not; or for displaying on the CRO and loudspeaker the action potentials spontaneously present in a muscle or those induced by voluntary contractions as a means of detecting the nature and location of motor unit lesions; or for recording the electrical activity evoked in a muscle by the stimulation of its nerve. | |
| 144. |
EMG is recorded by using surface electrodes. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| Answer» A. True | |
| Explanation: EMG is usually recorded by using surface electrodes because the surface electrodes may be disposable, adhesive types or the ones which can be used repeatedly. | |
| 145. |
Whose measurements are important for myoelectric control of prosthetic devices? |
| A. | VCG |
| B. | ECG |
| C. | EEG |
| D. | EMG |
| Answer» D. EMG | |
| Explanation: EMG measurements are also important for the myoelectric control of prosthetic devices (artificial limbs). This use involves picking up EMG signals from the muscles at the terminated nerve endings of the remaining limb and using the signals to activate a mechanical arm. This is the most demanding requirement from an EMG since it depends on the working of the prosthetic device. | |
| 146. |
What is used to display EMG waveforms? |
| A. | Cathode Ray Oscilloscope |
| B. | Analog storage Oscilloscope |
| C. | Digital Oscilloscope |
| D. | Dual-beam Oscilloscope |
| Answer» A. Cathode Ray Oscilloscope | |
| Explanation: The Cathode Ray oscilloscope displays EMG waveforms. Electromyograph is an instrument used for recording the electrical activity of the muscles to determine whether the muscle is contracting or not; or for displaying on the CRO. | |
| 147. |
The amplitude of EMG signals depend upon which of the following factor? |
| A. | Respiration |
| B. | Position of electrode |
| C. | Blood Resistivity |
| D. | Ventricular Volume |
| Answer» B. Position of electrode | |
| Explanation: The amplitude of the EMG signals depends upon various factors, e.g. the type and placement of electrodes used and the degree of muscular exertions. The needle electrode in contact with a single muscle fibre will pick up spike type voltages whereas a surface electrode picks up many overlapping spikes and therefore produces an average voltage effect. | |
| 148. |
What is the typical range of EMG signals? |
| A. | 0.025 to 0.050 mV |
| B. | 0.050 to 0.1 mV |
| C. | 0.1 to 0.5 mV |
| D. | 0.5 to 1 mV |
| Answer» C. 0.1 to 0.5 mV | |
| Explanation: A typical EMG signal ranges from 0.1 to 0.5 mV. They may contain frequency components extending up to 10 kHz.Such high frequency signals cannot be recorded on the conventional pen recorders and therefore, they are usually displayed on the CRT screen. | |
| 149. |
EMG instrument contain frequency component extending up to Khz. |
| A. | 1 |
| B. | 5 |
| C. | 10 |
| D. | 15 |
| Answer» C. 10 | |
| Explanation: A typical EMG signal ranges from 0.1 to 0.5 mV. They may contain frequency components extending up to 10 kHz.Such high frequency signals cannot be recorded on the conventional pen recorders and therefore, they are usually displayed on the CRT screen. | |
| 150. |
What is included in the system to facilitate playback and study of EMG sound waveforms at a later convenient time? |
| A. | Preamplifier |
| B. | Oscilloscope |
| C. | Tape Recorder |
| D. | Ground Electrode |
| Answer» C. Tape Recorder | |
| Explanation: The tape recorder is included in the system to facilitate playback and study of the EMG sound waveforms at a later convenient time. The waveform can also be photographed from the CRT screen by using a synchronized camera. | |
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