McqMate
101. |
3dB optical bandwidth is always ___________ the 3dB electrical bandwidth. |
A. | smaller than |
B. | larger than |
C. | negligible than |
D. | equal to |
Answer» B. larger than |
102. |
A multimode graded index fiber exhibits a total pulse broadening of 0.15μsover a distance of 16 km. Estimate the maximum possible bandwidth, assuming no intersymbol interference. |
A. | 4.6 mhz |
B. | 3.9 mhz |
C. | 3.3 mhz |
D. | 4.2 mhz |
Answer» C. 3.3 mhz |
103. |
What is pulse dispersion per unit length if for a graded index fiber, 0.1μs pulse broadening is seen over a distance of 13 km? |
A. | 6.12ns/km |
B. | 7.69ns/km |
C. | 10.29ns/km |
D. | 8.23ns/km |
Answer» B. 7.69ns/km |
104. |
Chromatic dispersion is also called as intermodal dispersion. State whether the given statement true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» B. false |
105. |
Chromatic dispersion is also called as intermodal dispersion. State true or false |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» B. false |
106. |
The optical source used in a fiber is an injection laser with a relative spectral width σλ/λ of 0.0011 at a wavelength of 0.70μm. Estimate the RMS spectral width. |
A. | 1.2 nm |
B. | 1.3 nm |
C. | 0.77 nm |
D. | 0.98 nm |
Answer» C. 0.77 nm |
107. |
In waveguide dispersion, refractive index is independent of |
A. | bit rate |
B. | index difference |
C. | velocity of medium |
D. | wavelength |
Answer» D. wavelength |
108. |
Intermodal dispersion occurring in a large amount in multimode step index fiber results in |
A. | propagation of the fiber |
B. | propagating through the fiber |
C. | pulse broadening at output |
D. | attenuation of waves |
Answer» C. pulse broadening at output |
109. |
After Total Internal Reflection the Meridional ray |
A. | makes an angle equal to acceptance angle with the axial ray |
B. | makes an angle equal to critical angle with the axial ray |
C. | travels parallel equal to critical angle with the axial ray |
D. | makes an angle equal to critical angle with the axial ray |
Answer» D. makes an angle equal to critical angle with the axial ray |
110. |
Consider a single mode fiber having core refractive index n1= 1.5. |
A. | 1.00μsec |
B. | 0.06μsec |
C. | 0.90μsec |
D. | 0.30μsec |
Answer» B. 0.06μsec |
111. |
A 4 km optical link consists of multimode step index fiber with core refractive index of 1.3 and a relative refractive index difference of 1%. Find the delay difference between the slowest and fastest modes at the fiber output. |
A. | 0.173 μsec |
B. | 0.152 μsec |
C. | 0.96 μsec |
D. | 0.121 μsec |
Answer» A. 0.173 μsec |
112. |
A multimode step-index fiber has a core refractive index of 1.5 and relative refractive index difference of 1%. The length of the optical link is 6 km. Estimate the RMS pulse broadening due to intermodal dispersion on the link. |
A. | 92.6 ns |
B. | 86.7 ns |
C. | 69.3 ns |
D. | 68.32 ns |
Answer» B. 86.7 ns |
113. |
The differential attenuation of modes reduces intermodal pulse broadening on a multimode optical link. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» A. true |
114. |
The index profile of a core of multimode graded index fiber is given by- |
A. | n (r) = n1 [1 – 2Δ(r2/a)2]1/2; r<a |
B. | n (r) = n1 [3 – 2Δ(r2/a)2]1/2; r<a |
C. | n (r) = n1 [5 – 2Δ(r2/a)2]1/2; r>a |
D. | n (r) = n1 [1 – 2Δ(r2/a)2]1/2; r<a |
Answer» D. n (r) = n1 [1 – 2Δ(r2/a)2]1/2; r<a |
115. |
Intermodal dispersion in multimode fibers is minimized with the use of step-index fibers. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» B. false |
116. |
Estimate RMS pulse broadening per km due to intermodal dispersion for multimode step index fiber where length of fiber is 4 km and pulse broadening per km is 80.6 ns. |
A. | 18.23ns/km |
B. | 20.15ns/km |
C. | 26.93ns/km |
D. | 10.23ns/km |
Answer» B. 20.15ns/km |
117. |
Practical pulse broadening value for graded index fiber lies in the range of |
A. | 0.9 to 1.2 ns/km |
B. | 0.2 to 1 ns/km |
C. | 0.23 to 5 ns/km |
D. | 0.45 to 8 ns/km |
Answer» B. 0.2 to 1 ns/km |
118. |
The nonlinear effects in optical fibers are large. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» B. false |
119. |
How many categories of nonlinear effects are seen in optical fibers? |
A. | one |
B. | two |
C. | three |
D. | four |
Answer» B. two |
120. |
Which of the following is not related to Kerr effects? |
A. | self-phase modulation |
B. | cross-phase modulation |
C. | four-wave mixing |
D. | stimulated raman scattering |
Answer» D. stimulated raman scattering |
121. |
Linear scattering effects are _______ in nature. |
A. | elastic |
B. | non-elastic |
C. | mechanical |
D. | electrical |
Answer» A. elastic |
122. |
Which thing is more dominant in making a fiber function as bidirectional optical amplifier? |
A. | core material |
B. | pump source |
C. | cladding material |
D. | diameter of fiber |
Answer» B. pump source |
123. |
_________ semiconductor laser sources generally have broader bandwidths. |
A. | injection |
B. | pulsed |
C. | solid-state |
D. | silicon hybrid |
Answer» B. pulsed |
124. |
Nonlinear effects which are defined by the intensity – dependent refractive index of the fiber are called as |
A. | scattering effects |
B. | kerr effects |
C. | raman effects |
D. | tomlinson effects |
Answer» B. kerr effects |
125. |
Self-phase modulation causes modifications to the pulse spectrum. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» A. true |
126. |
Self-phase modulation can be used for |
A. | enhancing the core diameter |
B. | wavelength shifting |
C. | decreasing the attenuation |
D. | reducing the losses in the fiber |
Answer» B. wavelength shifting |
127. |
The beating between light at different frequencies or wavelengths in multichannel fiber transmission causes |
A. | attenuation |
B. | amplitude modulation of channels |
C. | phase modulation of channels |
D. | loss in transmission |
Answer» C. phase modulation of channels |
128. |
What is different in case of cross-phase modulation from self-phase modulation? |
A. | overlapping but same pulses |
B. | overlapping but distinguishable pulses |
C. | non-overlapping and same pulses |
D. | non-overlapping but distinguishable pulses |
Answer» B. overlapping but distinguishable pulses |
129. |
When three wave components co-propagate at angular frequency w1, w2, w3, then a new wave is generated at frequency w4, which is given by |
A. | w4 = w1-w2-w3 |
B. | w4 =w1+w2+w3 |
C. | w4 =w1+w2-w3 |
D. | w4 =w1-w2+w3 |
Answer» C. w4 =w1+w2-w3 |
130. |
_____________ results from case of nonlinear dispersion compensation in which the nonlinear dispersion compensation in which the nonlinear dispersion compensation in which the nonlinear chirp caused by self-phase modulation balances, postpones, the temporal broadening induced by group velocity delay. |
A. | four wave mixing |
B. | phase modulation |
C. | soliton propagation |
D. | raman scattering |
Answer» C. soliton propagation |
131. |
What is a fundamental necessity in the fabrication of fibers for light transmission? |
A. | same refractive index for both core and cladding. |
B. | pump source |
C. | material composition of fiber |
D. | variation of refractive index inside the optical fiber |
Answer» D. variation of refractive index inside the optical fiber |
132. |
Which materials are unsuitable for the fabrication of graded index fiber? |
A. | glass-like-materials |
B. | mono-crystalline structures |
C. | amorphous material |
D. | silica based material |
Answer» B. mono-crystalline structures |
133. |
How many different categories are available for the methods of preparing optical glasses? |
A. | 1 |
B. | 2 |
C. | 3 |
D. | 4 |
Answer» B. 2 |
134. |
What is the first stage in liquid-phase-technique? |
A. | preparation of ultra-pure material powders |
B. | melting of materials |
C. | decomposition |
D. | crystallization |
Answer» A. preparation of ultra-pure material powders |
135. |
Which processes are involved in the purification stage in liquid-phase-technique? |
A. | filtration, co-precipitation, re-crystallization |
B. | decomposition, filtration, drying |
C. | doping, drying, decomposition |
D. | filtration, drying, doping |
Answer» A. filtration, co-precipitation, re-crystallization |
136. |
At what temperature range, does the melting of multi components glass systems takes place? |
A. | 100-300 degree celsius |
B. | 600-800 degree celsius |
C. | 900-1300 degree celsius |
D. | 1500-1800 degree celsius |
Answer» C. 900-1300 degree celsius |
137. |
Fiber drawing using preform was useful for the production of graded index fibers. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» B. false |
138. |
The minute perturbations and impurities in the fiber drawing process using preform technique can result in very high losses of |
A. | between 500 and 1000 db/km |
B. | between 100 and 300 db/km |
C. | between 1200 and 1600 db/km |
D. | more than 2000 db/km |
Answer» A. between 500 and 1000 db/km |
139. |
The liquid-phase melting technique is used for the production of fibers |
A. | with a core diameter of 50μm. |
B. | with a core diameter less than 100μm. |
C. | with a core diameter more than 200μm. |
D. | with a core diameter of 100μm. |
Answer» C. with a core diameter more than 200μm. |
140. |
Graded index fibers produced by liquid-phase melting technique are less dispersive than step-index fibers. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» A. true |
141. |
Which of the following is not a technique for fabrication of glass fibers? |
A. | vapor phase oxidation method |
B. | direct melt method |
C. | lave ring method |
D. | chemical vapor deposition technique |
Answer» C. lave ring method |
142. |
_____________ technique is method of preparing extremely pure optical glasses. |
A. | liquid phase (melting) |
B. | radio frequency induction |
C. | optical attenuation |
D. | vapor phase deposition (vpd) |
Answer» D. vapor phase deposition (vpd) |
143. |
Which of the following materials is not used as a starting material in vapor-phase deposition technique? |
A. | sicl4 |
B. | gecl4 |
C. | o2 |
D. | b2o3 |
Answer» D. b2o3 |
144. |
P2O5 is used as a _____________ |
A. | dopant |
B. | starting material |
C. | cladding glass |
D. | core glass |
Answer» A. dopant |
145. |
How many types of vapor-phase deposition techniques are present? |
A. | one |
B. | two |
C. | three |
D. | four |
Answer» B. two |
146. |
___________ uses flame hydrolysis stems from work on soot processes which were used to prepare the fiber with losses below 20 dB/km. |
A. | outside vapor phase oxidation |
B. | chemical vapor deposition |
C. | liquid phase melting |
D. | crystallization |
Answer» A. outside vapor phase oxidation |
147. |
Complete the given reaction |
A. | 2hcl |
B. | 4hcl |
C. | 2cl2 |
D. | 4cl2 |
Answer» B. 4hcl |
148. |
In modified chemical vapor deposition, vapor phase reactant such as _________ pass through a hot zone. |
A. | halide and oxygen |
B. | halide and hydrogen |
C. | halide and silica |
D. | hydroxides and oxygen |
Answer» A. halide and oxygen |
149. |
_________ is the stimulation of oxide formation by means of non-isothermal plasma maintained at low pressure in a microwave cavity surrounding the tube. |
A. | outside vapor phase oxidation (ovpo) |
B. | vapor axial deposition (vad) |
C. | modified chemical vapor deposition (mcvd) |
D. | plasma-activated chemical vapor deposition (pcvd) |
Answer» D. plasma-activated chemical vapor deposition (pcvd) |
150. |
Only graded index fibers are made with the help of vapor-phase deposition techniques. State whether true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» B. false |
151. |
Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD) process is also called as an inside vapor phase oxidation (IVPD) technique. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» A. true |
152. |
Multimode step index fiber has |
A. | large core diameter & large numerical aperture |
B. | large core diameter and small numerical aperture |
C. | small core diameter and large numerical aperture |
D. | small core diameter & small numerical aperture |
Answer» A. large core diameter & large numerical aperture |
153. |
. A typically structured glass multimode step index fiber shows as variation of attenuation in range of |
A. | 1.2 to 90 db km-1at wavelength 0.69μm |
B. | 3.2 to 30 db km-1at wavelength 0.59μm |
C. | 2.6 to 50 db km-1at wavelength 0.85μm |
D. | 1.6 to 60 db km-1at wavelength 0.90μm |
Answer» C. 2.6 to 50 db km-1at wavelength 0.85μm |
154. |
A multimode step index fiber has a large core diameter of range |
A. | 100 to 300 μm |
B. | 100 to 300 nm |
C. | 200 to 500 μm |
D. | 200 to 500 nm |
Answer» A. 100 to 300 μm |
155. |
Multimode step index fibers have a bandwidth of |
A. | 2 to 30 mhz km |
B. | 6 to 50 mhz km |
C. | 10 to 40 mhz km |
D. | 8 to 40 mhz km |
Answer» B. 6 to 50 mhz km |
156. |
Multimode graded index fibers are manufactured from materials with |
A. | lower purity |
B. | higher purity than multimode step index fibers. |
C. | no impurity |
D. | impurity as same as multimode step index fibers. |
Answer» B. higher purity than multimode step index fibers. |
157. |
The performance characteristics of multimode graded index fibers are |
A. | better than multimode step index fibers. |
B. | same as multimode step index fibers. |
C. | lesser than multimode step index fibers |
D. | negligible |
Answer» A. better than multimode step index fibers. |
158. |
Multimode graded index fibers have overall buffer jackets same as multimode step index fibers but have core diameters |
A. | larger than multimode step index fibers. |
B. | smaller than multimode step index fibers. |
C. | same as that of multimode step index fibers. |
D. | smaller than single mode step index fibers. |
Answer» B. smaller than multimode step index fibers. |
159. |
Multimode graded index fibers with wavelength of 0.85μm have numerical aperture of 0.29 have core/cladding diameter of |
A. | 62.5 μm/125 μm |
B. | 100μm/140 μm |
C. | 85 μm/ 125 μm |
D. | 50 μm/ 125μm |
Answer» B. 100μm/140 μm |
160. |
Multimode graded index fibers use incoherent source only. State whether the following statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» B. false |
161. |
In single mode fibers, the most beneficial index profile is |
A. | step index |
B. | graded index |
C. | step and graded index |
D. | coaxial cable |
Answer» B. graded index |
162. |
The fibers mostly not used nowadays for optical fiber communication system are |
A. | single mode fibers |
B. | multimode step fibers |
C. | coaxial cables |
D. | multimode graded index fibers |
Answer» A. single mode fibers |
163. |
Single mode fibers allow single mode propagation; the cladding diameter must be at least |
A. | twice the core diameter |
B. | thrice the core diameter |
C. | five times the core diameter |
D. | ten times the core diameter |
Answer» D. ten times the core diameter |
164. |
A fiber which is referred as non-dispersive shifted fiber is |
A. | coaxial cables |
B. | standard single mode fibers |
C. | standard multimode fibers |
D. | non zero dispersion shifted fibers |
Answer» B. standard single mode fibers |
165. |
Standard single mode fibers (SSMF) are utilized mainly for operation in |
A. | c-band |
B. | l-band |
C. | o-band |
D. | c-band and l-band |
Answer» C. o-band |
166. |
Fiber mostly suited in single-wavelength transmission in O-band is |
A. | low-water-peak non dispersion-shifted fibers |
B. | standard single mode fibers |
C. | low minimized fibers |
D. | non-zero-dispersion-shifted fibers |
Answer» B. standard single mode fibers |
167. |
When optical fibers are to be installed in a working environment, the most important parameter to be considered is |
A. | transmission property of the fiber |
B. | mechanical property of the fiber |
C. | core cladding ratio of the fiber |
D. | numerical aperture of the fiber |
Answer» B. mechanical property of the fiber |
168. |
It is not important to cover these optical fibers required for transmission. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» B. false |
169. |
Optical fibers for communication use are mostly fabricated from |
A. | plastic |
B. | silica or multicomponent glass |
C. | ceramics |
D. | copper |
Answer» B. silica or multicomponent glass |
170. |
An Si-O bond with a Young’s modulus of 9*1010Nm-1 have an elliptical crack of depth 7nm. The surface energy is 2.29 J. Estimate fracture stress for silica fiber. |
A. | 4.32*109nm-1 |
B. | 6.32*109nm-1 |
C. | 5.2*109nm-1 |
D. | 3*109nm-1 |
Answer» A. 4.32*109nm-1 |
171. |
Calculate percentage strain at break for a Si-O bond with a fracture strength of 3.52*1010Nm-1 and Young’s modulus of 9 *109Nm-1. |
A. | 3.1 % |
B. | 2.8 % |
C. | 4.5 % |
D. | 3.9 % |
Answer» D. 3.9 % |
172. |
Stress corrosion must be considered while designing and testing optical fiber cables. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» A. true |
173. |
Which statistics are used for calculations of strengths of optical fibers? |
A. | edwin statistics |
B. | newton statistics |
C. | wei-bull statistics |
D. | gamma statistics |
Answer» C. wei-bull statistics |
174. |
What does n denotes in the equation given below, if vc is the crack velocity; A is the constant for the fiber material and KI is the strength intensity factor? |
A. | refractive index |
B. | stress corrosion susceptibility |
C. | strain |
D. | young’s modulus |
Answer» B. stress corrosion susceptibility |
175. |
Optical fibers for communication use are mostly fabricated from |
A. | plastic |
B. | silica or multicomponent glass |
C. | ceramics |
D. | copper |
Answer» B. silica or multicomponent glass |
176. |
An Si-O bond with a Young’s modulus of 9*1010Nm-1 have an elliptical crack of depth 7nm. The surface energy is 2.29 J. Estimate fracture stress for silica fiber. |
A. | 4.32*109nm-1 |
B. | 6.32*109nm-1 |
C. | 5.2*109nm-1 |
D. | 3*109nm-1 |
Answer» A. 4.32*109nm-1 |
177. |
Calculate percentage strain at break for a Si-O bond with a fracture strength of 3.52*1010Nm-1 and Young’s modulus of 9 *109Nm-1. |
A. | 3.1 % |
B. | 2.8 % |
C. | 4.5 % |
D. | 3.9 % |
Answer» D. 3.9 % |
178. |
Stress corrosion must be considered while designing and testing optical fiber cables. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» A. true |
179. |
Which statistics are used for calculations of strengths of optical fibers? |
A. | edwin statistics |
B. | newton statistics |
C. | wei-bull statistics |
D. | gamma statistics |
Answer» C. wei-bull statistics |
180. |
. ____________ results from small lateral forces exerted on the fiber during the cabling process. |
A. | attenuation |
B. | micro-bending |
C. | dispersion |
D. | stimulated emission |
Answer» B. micro-bending |
181. |
Microscopic meandering of the fiber core axis that is micro-bending is caused due to |
A. | environmental effects |
B. | rough edges of the fiber |
C. | large diameter of core |
D. | polarization |
Answer» A. environmental effects |
182. |
How many forms of modal power distribution are considered? |
A. | one |
B. | two |
C. | three |
D. | four |
Answer» B. two |
183. |
What does micro-bending losses depend on? |
A. | core material |
B. | refractive index |
C. | diameter |
D. | mode and wavelength |
Answer» D. mode and wavelength |
184. |
The fiber should be________________ to avoid deterioration of the optical transmission characteristics resulting from mode-coupling-induced micro-bending. |
A. | free from irregular external pressure |
B. | coupled with plastic |
C. | large in diameter |
D. | smooth and in a steady state |
Answer» A. free from irregular external pressure |
185. |
The diffusion of hydrogen into optical fiber affects the ______________ |
A. | transmission of optical light in the fiber |
B. | spectral attenuation characteristics of the fiber |
C. | core of the fiber |
D. | cladding of the fiber |
Answer» B. spectral attenuation characteristics of the fiber |
186. |
__________ can induce a considerable amount of attenuation in optical fibers. |
A. | micro-bending |
B. | dispersion |
C. | diffusion of hydrogen |
D. | radiation exposure |
Answer» D. radiation exposure |
187. |
The radiation-induced attenuation can be reduced through photo-bleaching. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» A. true |
188. |
The losses due to hydrogen absorption and reaction with fiber deposits can be temporary. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» B. false |
189. |
The losses caused due to hydrogen absorption mechanisms are in the range of |
A. | 20 db/km to25 db/km |
B. | 10 db/km to15 db/km |
C. | 25 db/km to50 db/km |
D. | 0 db/km to5 db/km |
Answer» C. 25 db/km to50 db/km |
190. |
The cable must be designed such that the strain on the fiber in the cable does not exceed__________ |
A. | 0.002% |
B. | 0.01% |
C. | 0.2% |
D. | 0.160% |
Answer» C. 0.2% |
191. |
How many categories exists in case of cable design? |
A. | two |
B. | three |
C. | one |
D. | four |
Answer» B. three |
192. |
How many types of buffer jackets are used in fiber buffering? |
A. | three |
B. | one |
C. | two |
D. | four |
Answer» A. three |
193. |
Loose tube buffer jackets exhibits a low resistance to movement of the fiber. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» A. true |
194. |
An inclusion of one or more structural members in an optical fiber so as to serve as a cable core foundation around which the buffer fibers may be wrapped is called _____________ |
A. | attenuation |
B. | splicing |
C. | buffering |
D. | stranding |
Answer» D. stranding |
195. |
Which of the following is not a strength member used in optical cable? |
A. | steel wire |
B. | germanium |
C. | aramid yarns |
D. | glass elements |
Answer» B. germanium |
196. |
When the stranding approach consists of individual elements (e.g. single-fiber or multi fiber loose tube buffer) than the cable is termed as |
A. | optical unit cable |
B. | coaxial cable |
C. | layer cable |
D. | bare glass cable |
Answer» C. layer cable |
197. |
The primary function of the structural member is load bearing. State whether the given statement is true or false. |
A. | true |
B. | false |
Answer» B. false |
198. |
What is the Young’s modulus of Kevlar, an aromatic polyester? |
A. | 9 ×1010nm-2 |
B. | 10 ×1010nm-2 |
C. | 12 ×1010nm-2 |
D. | 13 ×1010nm-2 |
Answer» D. 13 ×1010nm-2 |
199. |
The cable is normally covered with an outer plastic sheath to reduce _______________ |
A. | abrasion |
B. | armor |
C. | friction |
D. | dispersion |
Answer» A. abrasion |
200. |
A measure of amount of optical fiber emitted from source that can be coupled into a fiber is termed as |
A. | radiance |
B. | angular power distribution |
C. | coupling efficiency |
D. | power-launching |
Answer» C. coupling efficiency |
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