McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Bachelor of Science in Counselling Psychology (BSc Counselling Psychology) .
| 1. |
What name did Freud give to his model of the mind which comprised the Id, Ego and Superego? |
| A. | genetic model |
| B. | structural model |
| C. | topographical model |
| D. | unconscious model |
| Answer» B. structural model | |
| 2. |
According to Freud, Displacement, Sublimation and Projection are all types of what? |
| A. | psychosocial stage of development |
| B. | defence mechanism |
| C. | psychosexual stage of development |
| D. | neurotic need |
| Answer» B. defence mechanism | |
| 3. |
Freud ascribed to the notion of psychic deterministm, which had an important influence on his theories of personality and approach to therapy. To what does this term refer? |
| A. | the belief that the human mind is capable of telepathy |
| B. | the belief that consciousness determines the development of personality |
| C. | the belief that believing in an event will make it happen |
| D. | the belief that all things happen for a reason |
| Answer» D. the belief that all things happen for a reason | |
| 4. |
Which of the following is a technique Freud used in therapy? |
| A. | dream analysis |
| B. | free association |
| C. | projective techniques |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 5. |
According to Freud, what was the consequence of the physical inability of women to overcome pen*s envy and the reason their personality would never fully develop? |
| A. | their id could never fully develop |
| B. | their ego could never fully develop |
| C. | their superego could never fully develop |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» C. their superego could never fully develop | |
| 6. |
Which of the following is not one of the psychosocial stages of development proposed by Erikson? |
| A. | kidulthood |
| B. | toddlerhood |
| C. | infancy |
| D. | middle adulthood |
| Answer» A. kidulthood | |
| 7. |
What aspect of the family did Adler believe may play a significant role in personality development? |
| A. | age of parents when first child was born |
| B. | gender of siblings |
| C. | birth order |
| D. | size of extended family |
| Answer» C. birth order | |
| 8. |
Id is to "Just do it" as superego is to |
| A. | "wait till later." |
| B. | "do your own thing." |
| C. | "don\t do it." |
| D. | "oh, sit on it." |
| Answer» C. "don\t do it." | |
| 9. |
The unconscious contains |
| A. | material that can easily be brought to awareness. |
| B. | everything we are aware of at a given moment |
| C. | repressed memories and emotions. |
| D. | thoughts, perceptions, and memories. |
| Answer» C. repressed memories and emotions. | |
| 10. |
Behavioral theories of personality are often criticized for their |
| A. | inability to test or verify concepts. |
| B. | limited recognition of temperament, emotion, and subjective factors. |
| C. | ability to explain behavior after the fact only. |
| D. | emphasis on the conditions under which behaviors occur. |
| Answer» B. limited recognition of temperament, emotion, and subjective factors. | |
| 11. |
The concept of traits is used to account for personal characteristics that are |
| A. | biologically determined. |
| B. | relatively permanent and enduring. |
| C. | situation specific. |
| D. | shared by a group. |
| Answer» B. relatively permanent and enduring. | |
| 12. |
The five-factor model of personality includes |
| A. | social interactionism. |
| B. | neuroticism. |
| C. | agreeableness. |
| D. | sense of humor. |
| Answer» C. agreeableness. | |
| 13. |
A personality theory is a(n) |
| A. | category used to describe personality |
| B. | interrelated system of concepts used to explain personality. |
| C. | relatively permanent set of behavior patterns. |
| D. | subjective evaluation of a person. |
| Answer» B. interrelated system of concepts used to explain personality. | |
| 14. |
Which of the following is an unconscious personality structure made up of biological urges seeking fulfillment? |
| A. | ego |
| B. | id |
| C. | superego |
| D. | subconscious |
| Answer» B. id | |
| 15. |
Criticisms of Freud's developmental theory have centered on |
| A. | the over-emphasis on sexuality in personality development. |
| B. | freud\s treatment of father-daughter relationship. |
| C. | the need for a stern or threatening mother in the development of conscience. |
| D. | the unimportance of the first years of life in the formation of personality. |
| Answer» A. the over-emphasis on sexuality in personality development. | |
| 16. |
One problem psychologists have with personality types is they |
| A. | are hypothetical constructs |
| B. | oversimplify personality |
| C. | describe character, not personality |
| D. | are not observable or measurable. |
| Answer» B. oversimplify personality | |
| 17. |
Freud believed that personality was typified by |
| A. | a delicate balance of power among the three personality structures. |
| B. | a lack of struggle among the three personality structures in the healthy individual. |
| C. | a lack of struggle among the three personality structures in the unhealthy individal |
| D. | a state of struggle among the three personality structures in which the id gets |
| Answer» A. a delicate balance of power among the three personality structures. | |
| 18. |
To understand personality, trait theorists attempt to |
| A. | create traits that fit people. |
| B. | increase the number of basic traits that have been identified. |
| C. | classify traits and discover how they are related to behavior. |
| D. | reduce the common traits to measures of temperament. |
| Answer» C. classify traits and discover how they are related to behavior. | |
| 19. |
According to Freud, the energy from life instincts that drives personality is called the |
| A. | ego. |
| B. | libido. |
| C. | life force. |
| D. | eros. |
| Answer» B. libido. | |
| 20. |
According to Freud, the id is governed by the |
| A. | pleasure principle. |
| B. | reality principle. |
| C. | ego ideal. |
| D. | creature comfort principle. |
| Answer» A. pleasure principle. | |
| 21. |
Learning theorists |
| A. | have removed the "person" from personality. |
| B. | emphasize situational determinants of behavior. |
| C. | stress the role of the unconscious. |
| D. | would view a trait as stable in all situations. |
| Answer» B. emphasize situational determinants of behavior. | |
| 22. |
In the Freudian view of personality, which system is totally unconscious and dominated by biological instincts? |
| A. | id |
| B. | ego |
| C. | superego |
| D. | libido |
| Answer» A. id | |
| 23. |
According to Freud, the ego is governed by the |
| A. | pleasure principle. |
| B. | reality principle. |
| C. | ego ideal. |
| D. | partial ego principle. |
| Answer» B. reality principle. | |
| 24. |
The five-factor model of personality includes |
| A. | social interactionism. |
| B. | conscientiousness. |
| C. | sense of humor. |
| D. | neuroticism. |
| Answer» B. conscientiousness. | |
| 25. |
According to Jung, art, religion, myths, and drama are important to individual functioning because they |
| A. | facilitate conscious development. |
| B. | are symbols that appeal to basic archetypes. |
| C. | provide the means for achieving control over a hostile environment. |
| D. | transmit specific information for solving developmental tasks. |
| Answer» B. are symbols that appeal to basic archetypes. | |
| 26. |
One of Freud's major contributions was his |
| A. | belief that the first years of life help to shape personality. |
| B. | belief in the concept of libido, sexual desires, and biological instincts. |
| C. | discovery of complexes during the genital stage. |
| D. | elaboration of the humanistic approach to personality development. |
| Answer» A. belief that the first years of life help to shape personality. | |
| 27. |
What do psychologists mean by the term trait-situation interaction? |
| A. | situations change traits. |
| B. | situations create new traits. |
| C. | traits determine situations. |
| D. | situations affect how traits are exhibited. |
| Answer» D. situations affect how traits are exhibited. | |
| 28. |
An adjective checklist would most likely be used by a |
| A. | psychodynamic therapist. |
| B. | behaviorist. |
| C. | humanistic therapist. |
| D. | trait theorist. |
| Answer» D. trait theorist. | |
| 29. |
The "amazing similarities" of identical twins may be a result of |
| A. | the fallacy of positive instances |
| B. | deliberate deceit by the twins. |
| C. | deliberate deceit by the researchers. |
| D. | the barnum effect. |
| Answer» A. the fallacy of positive instances | |
| 30. |
Psychologists who believe that people grow and develop throughout their lives and that people are inherently good are |
| A. | psychoanalysts. |
| B. | radical behaviorists. |
| C. | social learning theorists. |
| D. | humanists. |
| Answer» D. humanists. | |
| 31. |
According to the humanists, __________ occurs when people are free from dependence on external authority or on other people. |
| A. | autonomy |
| B. | spontaneity |
| C. | peak experience |
| D. | task centering |
| Answer» A. autonomy | |
| 32. |
A psychiatrist who explains pathological behavior as a conflict between underlying psychological forces is using the __________ model. |
| A. | psychoanalytic |
| B. | behavioral |
| C. | medical |
| D. | humanistic |
| Answer» A. psychoanalytic | |
| 33. |
According to behaviorists, |
| A. | hostile, generous, or destructive impulses arise in the unconscious. |
| B. | personality is acquired through conditioning and observational learning. |
| C. | personality is strongly influenced by one\s self-image. |
| D. | personality develops from initial feelings of inferiority. |
| Answer» B. personality is acquired through conditioning and observational learning. | |
| 34. |
The part of the mind that is beyond awareness is called the |
| A. | unconscious. |
| B. | conscious. |
| C. | postconscious. |
| D. | preconscious. |
| Answer» A. unconscious. | |
| 35. |
The __________ contains material of which you may be unaware but that can easily be brought to awareness. |
| A. | subconscious |
| B. | preconscious |
| C. | unconscious |
| D. | conscious |
| Answer» B. preconscious | |
| 36. |
According to Freud, the key to mental health is |
| A. | an overpowering superego. |
| B. | an unrestrained id. |
| C. | dominance of the pleasure principle. |
| D. | balance among mental processes. |
| Answer» D. balance among mental processes. | |
| 37. |
If you know the personality of an identical twin, you can expect the personality of the other twin to be |
| A. | unrelated. |
| B. | similar. |
| C. | identical. |
| D. | conflicting. |
| Answer» B. similar. | |
| 38. |
The __________ begins with puberty and ends with a mature capacity for love and the realization of full adult sexuality. |
| A. | latency period |
| B. | oedipal and electra conflicts |
| C. | genital stage |
| D. | phallic stage |
| Answer» C. genital stage | |
| 39. |
Which is included as one of the traits Maslow theorized were possessed by selfactualizer? |
| A. | egocentrism |
| B. | extraversion |
| C. | superior intelligence |
| D. | capacity to laugh at oneself |
| Answer» D. capacity to laugh at oneself | |
| 40. |
We each have a perception of our own personality traits. This perception strongly influences our behavior. Psychologists call this perception |
| A. | self-evaluation. |
| B. | inner concept. |
| C. | self-concept. |
| D. | self-esteem. |
| Answer» C. self-concept. | |
| 41. |
A key element of Carl Rogers' personality theory is the concept of |
| A. | meta-needs. |
| B. | the self or self-image. |
| C. | self-reinforcement. |
| D. | the pleasure principle. |
| Answer» B. the self or self-image. | |
| 42. |
According to Freud, the Oedipal and Electra conflicts end when a child takes on the values and behaviors of the same sex parent in a process called |
| A. | fixation. |
| B. | imitation. |
| C. | observation. |
| D. | identification. |
| Answer» D. identification. | |
| 43. |
Between the ages of 1 and 3 years, the child is said to go through the __________ stage. |
| A. | phallic |
| B. | latency |
| C. | anal |
| D. | genital |
| Answer» C. anal | |
| 44. |
The position that personality is composed of learned patterns is held by |
| A. | neo-freudians. |
| B. | humanists. |
| C. | behaviorists or behavioral personality theorists. |
| D. | psychoanalytic theorists. |
| Answer» C. behaviorists or behavioral personality theorists. | |
| 45. |
Which theory of personality was developed by Sigmund Freud? |
| A. | psychoanalytic |
| B. | behavioristic |
| C. | humanistic |
| D. | psychosocial |
| Answer» A. psychoanalytic | |
| 46. |
Jung believed that there are basic universal concepts in all people regardless of culture called |
| A. | persona. |
| B. | collective consciousness. |
| C. | archetypes. |
| D. | mandalas. |
| Answer» C. archetypes. | |
| 47. |
The description of a person's character implies |
| A. | the use of rating scales. |
| B. | the use of multiple observers. |
| C. | the use of situational testing. |
| D. | judgment about the desirability of traits. |
| Answer» D. judgment about the desirability of traits. | |
| 48. |
The main criticism of humanistic theory is that |
| A. | it emphasizes the negative dimensions of personality. |
| B. | it is research rather than experience oriented. |
| C. | its concepts are imprecise and difficult to study objectively. |
| D. | its approach is more empirical than philosophical. |
| Answer» C. its concepts are imprecise and difficult to study objectively. | |
| 49. |
If self-esteem is too high, the person may be |
| A. | boring. |
| B. | ineffective. |
| C. | dull. |
| D. | arrogant. |
| Answer» D. arrogant. | |
| 50. |
Behaviorists are to the external environment as humanists are to |
| A. | stress. |
| B. | personal growth. |
| C. | humanki |
| Answer» B. personal growth. | |
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