McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Civil Engineering .
| 51. |
Which section of CWA regulates land disposal of sludge? |
| A. | section 402 |
| B. | section 403 |
| C. | section 404 |
| D. | section 405 |
| Answer» D. section 405 | |
| Explanation: section 405 of the cwa regulates the land application and the land disposal of sludge – the solid, semisolid or liquid untreated residue generated during the treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment facility. | |
| 52. |
Which CWA program controls water pollution by regulating point sources? |
| A. | spcc |
| B. | pcc |
| C. | npdes |
| D. | pda |
| Answer» C. npdes | |
| Explanation: the npdes program controls | |
| 53. |
Which section of CWA is responsible for monitoring of wetlands? |
| A. | section 402 |
| B. | section 403 |
| C. | section 404 |
| D. | section 405 |
| Answer» C. section 404 | |
| Explanation: section 404 of the cwa establishes a program to regulate the discharge of dredged or fill material into waters of the united states, including wetlands. | |
| 54. |
Which CWA program manages non-point source pollution? |
| A. | npsmp |
| B. | nsppp |
| C. | nsgop |
| D. | npsra |
| Answer» A. npsmp | |
| Explanation: the cwa under section 319 established the nonpoint point source (nps) | |
| 55. |
The design period of storage reservoir can be given as |
| A. | 50 yr |
| B. | 20 yr |
| C. | 30 yr |
| D. | 10 yr |
| Answer» A. 50 yr | |
| Explanation: every water storage structure is having certain design periods based on the population present in that particular area. a storage reservoir is generally having a design period of 50 years. | |
| 56. |
Which material is used for pipes which are in contact with milk or product? |
| A. | stainless steel |
| B. | copper |
| C. | ceramic |
| D. | plastic |
| Answer» A. stainless steel | |
| Explanation: all components in contact with the product are made of stainless steel. | |
| 57. |
Which material is used for pipes which conduct water and air? |
| A. | stainless steel |
| B. | copper |
| C. | ceramic |
| D. | plastic |
| Answer» B. copper | |
| Explanation: plastic is used for water and air lines. plastic also provides transparency. | |
| 58. |
Which material is used for pipes which conduct waste? |
| A. | stainless steel |
| B. | copper |
| C. | ceramic |
| D. | plastic |
| Answer» C. ceramic | |
| Explanation: various materials are used in the other systems, e.g. cast iron, steel, copper and aluminum. plastic is used for water and air lines, and ceramic for drainage and sewage pipes. | |
| 59. |
Which of the following are installed in order to collect product samples hygienically for quality analysis? |
| A. | bends |
| B. | reducers |
| C. | sampling device |
| D. | tees |
| Answer» C. sampling device | |
| Explanation: sampling devices need to be installed at strategic points in the plant to collect product samples for analysis. for quality control, such as determining the fat content of milk and the ph value of cultured products, the samples can be collected from a sampling cock. | |
| 60. |
Which among the following is not a permanent wielding connection? |
| A. | bends |
| B. | reducers |
| C. | sampling device |
| D. | tees |
| Answer» C. sampling device | |
| Explanation: some examples of fittings for permanent welding are tees, reducers and bends. this union allows disconnection without disturbing other pipe work. this type of joint is hence used to connect process equipment, instruments, etc. that need to be removed for cleaning, repair or replacement. | |
| 61. |
Calculate area of a pipe if, flow rate is 20 l/min and flow velocity is 5 cm/s. |
| A. | 66.66 cm2 |
| B. | 60 cm2 |
| C. | 62 cm2 |
| D. | 64 cm2 |
| Answer» A. 66.66 cm2 | |
| Explanation: flow rate = 20 litre/min | |
| 62. |
Which formula is used to calculate head loss in valves? |
| A. | k2 (v/2 g) |
| B. | k (v/2 g) |
| C. | k (v2/2 g) |
| D. | k3 (v2/2 g) |
| Answer» C. k (v2/2 g) | |
| Explanation: k (v2/2 g) calculates head loss for newtonian fluid. when fluid flows inside a pipeline, friction occurs between the moving fluid and the stationary pipe wall. | |
| 63. |
Which among the following is shut-off and change over valve? |
| A. | seat valve |
| B. | butterfly valve |
| C. | seat valve and butterfly valve |
| D. | bend |
| Answer» C. seat valve and butterfly valve | |
| Explanation: there are many places in a piping system where it must be possible to stop the flow or divert it to another line. | |
| 64. |
To prevent the product flow in the wrong direction which of the following valve is used? |
| A. | seat valve |
| B. | butterfly valve |
| C. | seat valve and butterfly valve |
| D. | check valve |
| Answer» D. check valve | |
| Explanation: a check valve is fitted when it is necessary to prevent the product from flowing in the wrong direction. the valve is kept open by the liquid flow in the correct direction. if the flow stops, the valve plug is forced against its seat by the spring. the valve then closes against reversal of the flow. | |
| 65. |
The pipes will expand considerably when the product temperatures are high and during cleaning. |
| A. | true |
| B. | false |
| Answer» A. true | |
| Explanation: pipes must be firmly supported. on the other hand the pipes should not be so restrained that movement is prevented. the pipes will expand considerably when the product temperatures are high and during cleaning. the resulting increase in length and tensional forces in bends and equipment must be absorbed. | |
| 66. |
Valves with constant outlet pressure are used after which of the following machines? |
| A. | separator |
| B. | pasteurizer |
| C. | homogenizer |
| D. | filling machine |
| Answer» D. filling machine | |
| Explanation: valves for constant inlet pressure are often used after separators and pasteurizers. those for constant outlet pressure are used before filling machines. | |
| 67. |
What is the total loss developed in a series of pipes? |
| A. | sum of losses in each pipe only |
| B. | sum of local losses only |
| C. | sum of local losses plus the losses in each pipe |
| D. | zero |
| Answer» C. sum of local losses plus the losses in each pipe | |
| Explanation: when the pipes of different diameters are connected in series from end to end to form a pipe line. the total loss so developed is equal to the sum of local losses plus the losses in each pipe. the local losses are developed at the connection point. | |
| 68. |
The total head loss for the system is equal to |
| A. | pipe length |
| B. | pipe diameter |
| C. | width of the reservoir |
| D. | height difference of reservoirs |
| Answer» D. height difference of reservoirs | |
| Explanation: total head loss for a system is equal to the height difference of the reservoirs. height difference is denoted by the letter ‘h’. total head loss can be equated by summing it up with all the local losses and the losses at each pipe. | |
| 69. |
Which among the following is not a loss that is developed in the pipe? |
| A. | entry |
| B. | exit |
| C. | connection between two pipes |
| D. | liquid velocity |
| Answer» D. liquid velocity | |
| Explanation: liquid velocity in the pipe is the velocity with which the liquid travels through different cross sections of the pipe. it is a vector field which is used to describe the motion of a continuum. the length of flow velocity vector is equal to the flow speed. | |
| 70. |
Which among the following is the correct formula for head loss? |
| A. | z1-z2 |
| B. | c |
| C. | t2-t1 |
| D. | s2-s1 |
| Answer» A. z1-z2 | |
| Explanation: total head loss for a system is equal to the height difference of the reservoirs. height difference is denoted by the letter ‘h’. total head loss can be equated by summing it up with all the local losses and the losses at each pipe. here, the height difference between the reservoirs is z1-z2. | |
| 71. |
If the two reservoirs are kept at the same level, the head loss is |
| A. | z1-z2 |
| B. | zero |
| C. | t2-t1 |
| D. | s2-s1 |
| Answer» B. zero | |
| Explanation: total head loss for a system is equal to the height difference of the reservoirs. height difference is denoted by the letter ‘h’. the height difference between the reservoirs is z1-z2. since they are of the same level, z1=z2. therefore, head loss is zero. | |
| 72. |
How do we determine the total discharge through parallel pipes? |
| A. | add them. |
| B. | subtract them |
| C. | multiply them |
| D. | divide them |
| Answer» A. add them. | |
| Explanation: total discharge in parallel pipes are determined by adding the discharges so developed in individual pipes. if q1 is the discharge through pipe 1 and q2 is the discharge through pipe 2. then the total discharge through parallel pipes is equal to q1+q2. | |
| 73. |
The pipe diameter is |
| A. | directly proportional to fluid density |
| B. | directly proportional to mass flow rate |
| C. | inversely proportional to mass flow rate |
| D. | directly proportional to fluid velocity |
| Answer» B. directly proportional to mass flow rate | |
| Explanation: the pipe diameter is directly proportional to mass flow rate of fluid. pipe diameter can be calculated if volumetric flow rate and velocity are known. ‘d’ is inversely proportional to its velocity. | |
| 74. |
Define Viscosity. |
| A. | resistance to flow of object |
| B. | resistance to flow of air |
| C. | resistance to flow of fluid |
| D. | resistance to flow of heat |
| Answer» C. resistance to flow of fluid | |
| Explanation: viscosity is developed due to the relative motion between two surfaces of fluids at different velocities. it happens due to the shear stress developed on the surface of the fluid. | |
| 75. |
Coefficient of friction of a laminar flow is |
| A. | re/16 |
| B. | re/64 |
| C. | 16/re |
| D. | 64/re |
| Answer» C. 16/re | |
| Explanation: coefficient of friction is defined as the value that shows relationship between force and the normal reaction. it is mainly used to find out an object’s normal | |
| 76. |
What is the aim of pipes system in the dairy industry? |
| A. | facilitate product flow |
| B. | pasteurization |
| C. | fouling |
| D. | storage |
| Answer» A. facilitate product flow | |
| Explanation: the product flows between the components of the plant in the pipe system. a dairy also has conduit systems for other media such as water, steam, cleaning solutions, coolant and compressed air. | |
| 77. |
4 LAYING, JOINTING AND TESTING OF PIPES - APPURTENANCES |
| A. | stainless steel |
| B. | copper |
| C. | ceramic |
| D. | plastic |
| Answer» C. ceramic | |
| Explanation: various materials are used in the other systems, e.g. cast iron, steel, copper and aluminum. plastic is used for water and air lines, and ceramic for drainage and sewage pipes. | |
| 78. |
Which grade of stainless steel is known as acid proof steel? |
| A. | aisi 304 |
| B. | aisi 316 |
| C. | sis 2333 |
| D. | sis 2359 |
| Answer» B. aisi 316 | |
| Explanation: for hygienic reasons, all product-wetted parts of dairy equipment are made of stainless steel. two main grades are used, aisi 304 and aisi 316. the latter grade is often called acid proof steel. | |
| 79. |
Which of the following valves is used to maintain pressure in the system? |
| A. | pressure relief valve |
| B. | check valve |
| C. | manual control valve with variable flow plug |
| D. | pneumatic control valve with variable-flow plug |
| Answer» A. pressure relief valve | |
| Explanation: a pressure relief valve maintains the pressure in the system. if the pressure is low, the spring holds the plug against the seat. when the pressure has reached a certain value, the force on the plug overcomes the spring force and the valve opens. | |
| 80. |
Which of the following pump is based on the type of power? |
| A. | low lift pump |
| B. | high lift pump |
| C. | air lift pump |
| D. | steam engine pump |
| Answer» D. steam engine pump | |
| Explanation: there are 3 types of pumps on the basis of type of power. they are – steam engine, diesel engine and electrically driven pump. | |
| 81. |
Displacement pump is classified on the basis of |
| A. | mechanical operation of principle |
| B. | type of power |
| C. | type of service |
| D. | efficiency |
| Answer» A. mechanical operation of principle | |
| Explanation: mechanical principle of operation is classified into displacement, centrifugal, air lift and miscellaneous pumps. | |
| 82. |
Which of the following pump is classified based on the type of service? |
| A. | displacement pump |
| B. | centrifugal pump |
| C. | deep well pump |
| D. | electric driven pump |
| Answer» C. deep well pump | |
| Explanation: pumps are of four types on the basis of type of service- low lift, high lift, deep well and booster pump. | |
| 83. |
The centrifugal pump has a flow. |
| A. | variable |
| B. | uniform |
| C. | continuous |
| D. | constant |
| Answer» C. continuous | |
| Explanation: the centrifugal pump has a | |
| 84. |
The speed at which the centrifugal pump runs (in r.p.m) is |
| A. | 200 |
| B. | 300 |
| C. | 500 |
| D. | 1200 |
| Answer» C. 500 | |
| Explanation: the speed at which the centrifugal pump runs lies in the range of 500 to 100 rates per minute (r.p.m). the direct connection of pump with driving machines is possible. | |
| 85. |
The maximum efficiency of a centrifugal pump is |
| A. | 50% |
| B. | 60% |
| C. | 85% |
| D. | 100% |
| Answer» C. 85% | |
| Explanation: the efficiency of the centrifugal pump lies between 40% and 85%. it depends on the head and discharge of the pump. | |
| 86. |
Based on the type of casing, the centrifugal pump is divided into types. |
| A. | 2 |
| B. | 3 |
| C. | 4 |
| D. | 5 |
| Answer» A. 2 | |
| Explanation: based on the type of casing, the centrifugal pump is divided into the volute pump and turbine pump. | |
| 87. |
pumps produce a head and a flow by increasing the velocity of the liquid with the help of the rotating vane impeller. |
| A. | displacement pumps |
| B. | positive pumps |
| C. | centrifugal pumps |
| D. | rotating pumps |
| Answer» C. centrifugal pumps | |
| Explanation: centrifugal pumps produce a head and a flow by increasing the velocity of the liquid with the help of the rotating vane impeller. centrifugal pumps include radial, axial and mixed flow units. | |
| 88. |
What are the pumps that operate by alternately filling a cavity and then displacing a given volume of liquid called? |
| A. | centrifugal pump |
| B. | rotating pump |
| C. | positive displacement pump |
| D. | roto-dynamic pump |
| Answer» C. positive displacement pump | |
| Explanation: a positive displacement pump alternately fills a cavity and then displaces a given volume of liquid. for each cycle, this pump delivers a constant volume of liquid independent of discharge pressure or head. | |
| 89. |
The two types of pumps behave very differently regarding pressure head and flow rate. |
| A. | true |
| B. | false |
| Answer» A. true | |
| Explanation: there are two types of basic pumps. one is the centrifugal pump and the other one is positive displacement pump. | |
| 90. |
A steam pump is a type of centrifugal pump. |
| A. | true |
| B. | false |
| Answer» B. false | |
| Explanation: there are different types of centrifugal pumps such as end suction pumps, in-line pumps, axial-flow pumps, regenerative pumps, etc. steam pump is a type of positive displacement pump. | |
| 91. |
What are the pumps with one or more impellers called? |
| A. | ansi process pumps |
| B. | api process pumps |
| C. | centrifugal pumps |
| D. | positive displacement pumps |
| Answer» C. centrifugal pumps | |
| Explanation: the general name for pumps with one or more impellers is called centrifugal pumps. many types and configurations of centrifugal pumps are used for different applications. | |
| 92. |
Why are booster pumps used? |
| A. | higher flow |
| B. | boost pressure |
| C. | chop solids |
| D. | maintain flow |
| Answer» B. boost pressure | |
| Explanation: booster pumps are used to further boost the pressure in a system. it may be in-line circulator, horizontal split case, or vertical turbine in a can type of pump. | |
| 93. |
Why are cryogenic pumps used? |
| A. | boost pressure |
| B. | handle low temperature liquids |
| C. | handle high temperature liquids |
| D. | pump small quantities of liquids |
| Answer» B. handle low temperature liquids | |
| Explanation: cryogenic pumps are used to handle very low temperature liquids. booster pumps are used to further boost the pressure in a system. drum pumps are used to pump out small quantities of liquid of out of drums and carboys. | |
| 94. |
End suction pumps are the common type of pumps. |
| A. | drum pumps |
| B. | centrifugal pumps |
| C. | positive displacement pumps |
| D. | grinder pumps |
| Answer» B. centrifugal pumps | |
| Explanation: end suction pumps are the common type of centrifugal pump. it has a horizontal shaft with an overhung impeller. the flow goes in the end of the casing, and out the top. | |
| 95. |
Which pump among the ones mentioned below can be located above the suction reservoir without an external priming system? |
| A. | slurry pumps |
| B. | self-priming pumps |
| C. | submersible pumps |
| D. | trash pumps |
| Answer» B. self-priming pumps | |
| Explanation: self-priming pumps are a type of centrifugal that can be located above the suction reservoir without an external priming system. it has an end suction configuration but an enlarged case to support priming. | |
| 96. |
Which type of pump is designed to handle rocks and other solids? |
| A. | trash pumps |
| B. | submersible pumps |
| C. | slurry pumps |
| D. | self-priming pumps |
| Answer» A. trash pumps | |
| Explanation: trash pumps are a type of submersible centrifugal pump designed to handle rocks and other solids while dewatering. it is used in dewatering construction sites, mines, and utility pits. | |
| 97. |
Which type of pump should be used in order to handle low viscosity fluids? |
| A. | centrifugal pump |
| B. | displacement pump |
| C. | submersible pump |
| D. | end suction pump |
| Answer» A. centrifugal pump | |
| Explanation: centrifugal pumps can pump liquids which are of low viscosity. it cannot handle liquids such as oil. the liquid that is pumped by centrifugal pumps should be free from air. | |
| 98. |
Which type of pump should be selected in order to pump the sewage from a septic tank to the water treatment system? |
| A. | vertical sump pump |
| B. | progressive cavity pump |
| C. | submersible pump |
| D. | screw pump |
| Answer» C. submersible pump | |
| Explanation: submersible pumps are used to handle liquids with solids. also, these are non-clog pumps which are fully or partially submerged in the tanks. in cases where the pump is partially submerged the motor is above the water level and the motor is connected to the pump by an extended shaft. | |
| 99. |
In an activated sludge process which type of pump is used to recirculate the sludge? |
| A. | booster pump |
| B. | centrifugal pump |
| C. | vane pump |
| D. | vertical turbine pump |
| Answer» B. centrifugal pump | |
| Explanation: the activated sludge does not contain any solids. also, it is not very viscous. hence a centrifugal pump can be used for this application. | |
| 100. |
Which type of pump is used while handling the sludge disposal system? |
| A. | screw pump |
| B. | multistage pump |
| C. | self-priming pump |
| D. | vertical pump |
| Answer» A. screw pump | |
| Explanation: screw pumps utilize intermeshing screws driven by timing gears in order to move the viscous liquids. these pumps are used to pump thick liquids. hence it is suitable to handle sludge. | |
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