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210+ Lower Limb Solved MCQs

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Chapter: Lower Limb
1.

Tensor fasciae latae is supplied by :

A. anterior division of femoral nerve
B. superior gluteal nerve
C. nerve to vastus lateralis
D. inferior gluteal nerve
E. lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Answer» B. superior gluteal nerve
discuss
2.

Which structure is intrasynovial at the knee joint:

A. oblique popliteal ligament
B. tendon of popliteus
C. medial and lateral menisci
D. anterior cruciate ligament
E. none of the above
Answer» E. none of the above
discuss
3.

The ‘screw-home’ movement in extension of the knee joint begins with tightening of the:

A. anterior cruciate ligament
B. oblique popliteal ligament
C. medial collateral ligament
D. lateral collateral ligament
E. posterior cruciate ligament
Answer» A. anterior cruciate ligament
discuss
4.

Tibialis anterior:

A. is supplied by the tibial nerve
B. inserts into the second metatarsal bone
C. is pierced by the posterior tibial artery
D. tendon perforates the superior extensor retinaculum
E. does not arise from the interosseous membrane
Answer» D. tendon perforates the superior extensor retinaculum
discuss
5.

The adductor canal:

A. contains the femoral artery and nerve
B. ends distally in the adductor longus hiatus
C. contains no muscular nerves
D. has adductor longus forming the root
E. always has the femoral artery lying between the saphenous nerve and the femoral vein
Answer» E. always has the femoral artery lying between the saphenous nerve and the femoral vein
discuss
6.

The great saphenous vein:

A. joins the femoral vein above the inguinal ligament
B. begins as the upward continuation of the lateral marginal vein of the foot
C. travels with the saphenous nerve along its course
D. runs behind the medial malleolus
E. enters the femoral vein on its anteromedial side
Answer» E. enters the femoral vein on its anteromedial side
discuss
7.

Regarding the femoral artery:

A. adductor magnus lies between it and the profunda femoris artery
B. the profunda femoris vein lies behind the profunda femoris artery
C. profunda femoris artery arises from its posterior surface
D. the lateral circumflex femoral artery separates the superficial and deep branches of the femoral nerve
E. the femoral vein is always on its medial side
Answer» D. the lateral circumflex femoral artery separates the superficial and deep branches of the femoral nerve
discuss
8.

Gluteus maximus:

A. forms the gluteal fold
B. has four bursae beneath it
C. has blood supply solely from the inferior gluteal artery
D. is the chief control of hip flexion
E. has 50% of fibres inserting into the gluteal tuberosity
Answer» D. is the chief control of hip flexion
discuss (1)
9.

Regarding the adductor compartment:

A. adductor magnus lies between the anterior and posterior divisions of the obturator nerve
B. adductor longus inserts into the upper two thirds of the linear aspect of the femur
C. the hamstring part of adductor magnus is supplied by the tibial part of the sciatic nerve
D. the medial intermuscular septum separates the adductor compartment from the posterior compartment
E. obturator externus medially rotates the hip
Answer» C. the hamstring part of adductor magnus is supplied by the tibial part of the sciatic nerve
discuss
10.

Which vessel is NOT involved in the trochanteric anastomosis?

A. superior gluteal artery
B. obturator artery
C. lateral circumflex femoral artery
D. medial circumflex femoral artery
E. inferior gluteal artery
Answer» B. obturator artery
discuss
11.

The sciatic nerve:

A. lies deep to the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
B. passes down over obturator internus, quadratus, femoris and piriformis
C. tibial and common peroneal components separate behind the hip joint
D. in the buttock it lies midway between the greater trochanter and pubic tuberosity
E. is derived from L3, 4, 5, S1, 2
Answer» A. lies deep to the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
discuss
12.

Which is the odd one out?

A. sciatic nerve
B. nerve to obturator internus
C. superior gluteal nerve
D. pudendal nerve
E. posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
Answer» C. superior gluteal nerve
discuss
13.

Regarding the hamstring compartment:

A. the cutaneous nerve supply is from the posterior circumflex femoral nerve
B. ischial fibres of adductor magnus degenerate to form the tibial collateral ligament
C. semitendinosus lies deep to semimembranosus
D. the oblique popliteal ligament is an expansion of biceps femoris
E. the long head of biceps arises from the lateral facet of the ischial tuberosity
Answer» B. ischial fibres of adductor magnus degenerate to form the tibial collateral ligament
discuss
14.

Regarding the popliteal vessels:

A. the tibial nerve lies between the popliteal artery and vein
B. the sural arteries supply soleus
C. the middle genicular artery supplies the cruciate ligaments
D. lymph nodes lie alongside the popliteal artery
E. the popliteal artery enters the fossa on the lateral side of the femur
Answer» C. the middle genicular artery supplies the cruciate ligaments
discuss
15.

At the knee joint:

A. the fibular collateral ligament is attached to the lateral meniscus and joint capsule
B. there are three main gaps in the joint capsule
C. the tibial collateral ligament is tight in flexion
D. the posterior cruciate ligament is attached to the lateral condyle of the femur
E. the cruciate ligaments are sensitive and the menisci are not
Answer» E. the cruciate ligaments are sensitive and the menisci are not
discuss
16.

Regarding nerve supply of the lower limb:

A. superficial peroneal nerve supplies the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg
B. the cruciate ligaments are supplied by the tibial nerve
C. the obturator nerve supplies obturator internus muscle
D. the sciatic nerve does not make contact with bone
E. the tibial part of the sciatic nerve is the sole supply to muscles in the hamstring compartment
Answer» B. the cruciate ligaments are supplied by the tibial nerve
discuss
17.

Regarding flexor digitorum longus:

A. its four tendons divide under the flexor retinaculum
B. it arises from the tibia and interosseous membrane only
C. the medial two tendons receive a strong slip from the tendon of flexor hallucis longus
D. the tendons have no flexor sheaths
E. it inserts into the bases of the middle phalanges
Answer» C. the medial two tendons receive a strong slip from the tendon of flexor hallucis longus
discuss
18.

The following are branches of the femoral artery except:

A. superficial circumflex iliac artery
B. superficial epigastric artery
C. superficial external pudendal artery
D. deep external pudendal artery
E. middle genicular artery
Answer» E. middle genicular artery
discuss
19.

The following cutaneous nerves of the thigh are derived in part form the second lumbar nerve except::

A. ilioinguinal
B. medial femoral cutaneous nerve
C. obturator nerve
D. lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
E. genitofemoral nerve
Answer» A. ilioinguinal
discuss
20.

Which of the following, regarding the great saphenous vein, is INCORRECT?

A. it is the longest vein in the body
B. it passes behind the medial malleolus
C. at the knee, it lies a hand’s breadth behind the medial border of the patella
D. the saphenous opening lies about 3cm below and lateral to the pubic tubercle
E. the deep external pudendal artery runs medially behind the saphenous vein near its termination
Answer» B. it passes behind the medial malleolus
discuss
21.

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding lymphatic drainage of the lower limb?

A. the superficial inguinal node group consists of about 15 nodes
B. the lateral nodes of the proximal superficial group receive lymph from the buttock, flank and back below the waist
C. the medial nodes of proximal superficial group receive lymph from testes, glans pen*s, lower anal canal and perineum
D. the distal nodes of the superficial group receive all the superficial lymphatics of the lower limb
E. the superficial inguinal nodes drain mainly to the internal iliac nodes
Answer» B. the lateral nodes of the proximal superficial group receive lymph from the buttock, flank and back below the waist
discuss
22.

Fascia lata is not:

A. attached inferiorly to the tibial condyles and head of the fibula
B. reinforced anteriorly by expansions from the quadriceps tendon
C. attached to Scarpa’s fascia above the inguinal ligament
D. continuous below the popliteal fossa into the deep fascia of the calf
E. attached superiorly along the external lip of the iliac crest
Answer» C. attached to Scarpa’s fascia above the inguinal ligament
discuss
23.

The iliotibial tract:

A. lies lateral to tensor fascia latae
B. inserts onto the head of the fibula
C. is the origin of 60% of gluteus maximus
D. is a weak flexor of the knee via tensor fascia latae
E. is attached superiorly to the iliac crest
Answer» E. is attached superiorly to the iliac crest
discuss
24.

Which of the following muscles is not found in the floor of the femoral triangle?

A. iliacus
B. psoas
C. pectineus
D. adductor magnus
E. adductor longus
Answer» D. adductor magnus
discuss
25.

Which of the following is not found within the femoral sheath?

A. femoral artery
B. femoral canal
C. femoral hernia
D. femoral nerve
E. lymph node of Cloquet
Answer» D. femoral nerve
discuss
26.

The profunda femoris artery does not:

A. normally supply all the thigh muscles
B. arise from the lateral side of the femoral artery, 3-4cm distal to the inguinal ligament
C. give off the deep external pudendal artery
D. lie behind the profunda vein
E. lie directly anterior to adductor brevis and magnus
Answer» C. give off the deep external pudendal artery
discuss
27.

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding the femoral nerve?

A. is formed from the anterior divisions of the anterior rami of the lumbar nerves 2, 3 and 4
B. supplies iliacus in the abdomen
C. lies in the iliac fossa between psoas and iliacus
D. gives a branch to pectineus as it enters the femoral triangle
E. divides into several branches just distal to the inguinal ligament
Answer» A. is formed from the anterior divisions of the anterior rami of the lumbar nerves 2, 3 and 4
discuss
28.

All the following are branches of the femoral nerve except:

A. medial femoral cutaneous nerve
B. saphenous nerve
C. nerve to vastus medialis
D. lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
E. nerve to sartorius
Answer» D. lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
discuss
29.

Which factor is most important in preventing lateral displacement of the patella during quadriceps contraction?

A. the forward prominence of the lateral condyle of the femur
B. the action of articularis genu
C. the action of vastus medialis
D. the action of rectus femoris
E. the tension of the medial patellar retinaculum
Answer» C. the action of vastus medialis
discuss
30.

The adductor canal is not:

A. roofed by fascia containing the subsartorial plexus
B. occupied by the sciatic nerve
C. also known as Hunter’s canal
D. occupied by the femoral artery
E. a gutter shaped groove between vastus medialis and the front of the adductor muscles
Answer» B. occupied by the sciatic nerve
discuss
31.

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding the adductor canal?

A. sartorius lies on the fascial roof
B. in the distal part of the canal, the femoral vein is posterolateral to the artery
C. at all levels, the artery lies between saphenous nerve and femoral vein
D. the subsartorial plexus supplies overlying fascia lata and an area of skin above medial side of the knee
E. the adductors in the floor of the canal are the adductor brevis above and the adductor longus below
Answer» E. the adductors in the floor of the canal are the adductor brevis above and the adductor longus below
discuss
32.

In the medial compartment of the thigh:

A. adductor magnus consists of adductor and hamstring muscle masses
B. the contents are separated from the posterior compartment by the posterior intermuscular septum
C. adductor longus is the most superficial muscle of the medial side of the thigh
D. the anterior division of the obturator nerve passes through obturator externus
E. the posterior division of the obturator nerve is the prime motor supply
Answer» A. adductor magnus consists of adductor and hamstring muscle masses
discuss
33.

With respect to the posterior compartment of the thigh:

A. blood supply is mainly from the femoral artery
B. the sciatic nerve lies lateral to the long head of biceps
C. the long head of biceps is supplied by the common peroneal nerve
D. the hamstrings form the apex of the popliteal fossa
E. semimembranosus arises in common with the long head of biceps
Answer» D. the hamstrings form the apex of the popliteal fossa
discuss
34.

Slipped upper femoral epiphysis:

A. is more common in girls than boys
B. usually occurs in the 5-8 year age group
C. may present as referred pain in the knee
D. the limb may be internally rotated and shortened
E. can be treated conservatively
Answer» C. may present as referred pain in the knee
discuss
35.

Dermatomes of lower limb:

A. S1 supplies the great toe
B. L2 supplies anterior upper thigh
C. S3 supplies perianal area
D. L4 supplies medial thigh
E. L5 supplies medial calf
Answer» B. L2 supplies anterior upper thigh
discuss
36.

Muscles in the floor of the femoral triangle include all EXCEPT:

A. adductor magnus
B. pectineus
C. psoas
D. ilacus
E. adductor longus
Answer» A. adductor magnus
discuss
37.

Patellar plexus comprises of all EXCEPT:

A. posterior branch of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
B. infrapatella branch of saphenous nerve
C. medial femoral cutaneous nerve
D. anterior branch of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
E. intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve
Answer» A. posterior branch of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
discuss
38.

The most medial structure passing under the inferior extensor retinaculum of the foot is:

A. deep peroneal nerve
B. tibialis anterior
C. extensor hallucis longus
D. anterior tibial artery
E. peroneus brevis
Answer» B. tibialis anterior
discuss
39.

Cutaneous nerve supply of the thigh involves all but which of the following:

A. the intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve
B. the obturator nerve
C. the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
D. the ilioinguinal nerve
E. the posterior cutaneous nerves of the thigh
Answer» C. the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
discuss
40.

The patellar plexus takes twigs from all but which of the following?

A. infrapatellar branch of the common peroneal nerve
B. medial femoral cutaneous nerve
C. lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
D. intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve
E. infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve
Answer» A. infrapatellar branch of the common peroneal nerve
discuss
41.

The inferior gluteal nerve supplies:

A. gluteus maximus
B. gluteus medius
C. gluteus minimus
D. all of the above
E. none of the above
Answer» A. gluteus maximus
discuss
42.

Within the buttock:

A. the pudendal nerve emerges beneath piriformis, turns around the back of the sacrospinous ligament and passes between the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments
B. the internal pudendal artery can be compressed against the base of the ischial tuberosity
C. the sciatic nerve (L4, 5, S1) emerges from below piriformis muscle more laterally than the inferior gluteal and pudendal nerves and vessels
D. the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve lies medially to the sciatic nerve
E. the cruciate anastomosis provides the main source of blood for the supply of the head of femur
Answer» A. the pudendal nerve emerges beneath piriformis, turns around the back of the sacrospinous ligament and passes between the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments
discuss
43.

With respect to the ligaments around the knee joint:

A. the fibular collateral ligament blends with the capsule and is attached to the lateral meniscus
B. the tibial collateral ligament blends posteriorly with the capsule and is attached to the medial meniscus
C. the oblique popliteal ligament is an expansion from the tendon of semitendinosis that blends with the capsule posteriorly
D. the posterior cruciate ligament runs from anterior tibial plateau to the posteromedial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle
E. the transverse ligament runs posteriorly between menisci
Answer» B. the tibial collateral ligament blends posteriorly with the capsule and is attached to the medial meniscus
discuss
44.

With respect to the posterior compartment of the leg, which is FALSE?

A. plantaris arises from the lower part of the lateral supracondylar line and is absent in 10%
B. the medial head of gastrocnemius is larger than the lateral
C. the small saphenous vein drains the medial side of the dorsal venous arch and medial margin of the foot
D. the soleal muscle contains a rich plexus of small veins → the soleal pump
E. the nerve of this compartment is the tibial nerve
Answer» C. the small saphenous vein drains the medial side of the dorsal venous arch and medial margin of the foot
discuss
45.

The myotome for plantar flexion of the great toe is:

A. L3, 4
B. L4, 5
C. L5, S1
D. S1, 2
E. S2, 3
Answer» D. S1, 2
discuss
46.

With respect to the hip bone:

A. the pelvic rim is formed by the iliac crest, top curricular area and pectineal line
B. the iliofemoral ligament and sartorius are attached to/at (??) the anterosuperior iliac spine
C. the iliopubic eminence on anterior margin of acetabulum joins the ischium and pubic bone
D. the tubercle of the iliac crest lies 7.5cm behind the anterosuperior iliac spine
E. the line between the highest point of the iliac crest passes through the spine of ??????
Answer» E. the line between the highest point of the iliac crest passes through the spine of ??????
discuss
47.

Which of the following structures is NOT found in the adductor (subsartorial) canal?

A. femoral artery
B. femoral vein
C. femoral nerve
D. saphenous nerve
E. nerve to vastus medialis
Answer» C. femoral nerve
discuss
48.

The surface markings of the sciatic nerve are from:

A. the ischial tuberosity to the adductor tubercle of the medial femoral condyle
B. the posterior superior iliac spine to the apex of the popliteal fossa
C. the midpoint of a line between the ischial tuberosity and the greater trochanter to the adductor tubercle of the medial femoral condyle
D. the ischial tuberosity to the apex of the popliteal fossa
E. the midpoint of a line between ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter to apex of the popliteal fossa
Answer» E. the midpoint of a line between ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter to apex of the popliteal fossa
discuss
49.

The femoral canal:

A. is the lateral compartment of the femoral sheath
B. lies medial to the pubic tubercle
C. contains the femoral nerve
D. is medial to the femoral vein
E. transmits the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve
Answer» D. is medial to the femoral vein
discuss
50.

The great saphenous vein:

A. commences at the medial end of the dorsal venous arch
B. passes behind the medial malleolus
C. is accompanied by the saphenous nerve throughout its course
D. passes under the inguinal ligament and enters the femoral vein
E. drains the medial side of the leg between the tibia and the tendocalcaneus
Answer» A. commences at the medial end of the dorsal venous arch
discuss
51.

Which is NOT true of the tendoachilles?

A. it inserts into the middle third of the posterior surface of the calcaneus
B. it is invested in a synovial sheath
C. it is formed from the soleus and gastrocnemius
D. a bursa lies between the tendon and the upper third of the calcaneus
E. a bursa lies between it and the deep fascia near its insertion
Answer» B. it is invested in a synovial sheath
discuss
52.

Which of the following structures lies within the knee joint?

A. patellar ligament
B. tibial collateral ligament
C. fibular collateral ligament
D. tendon of popliteus
E. patellar retinacula
Answer» D. tendon of popliteus
discuss
53.

Following an injury to the leg, a patient is unable to dorsiflex their foot. Which nerve is most likely to be damaged?

A. the deep branch of the common peroneal nerve
B. the sural nerve
C. the superficial branch of the common peroneal nerve
D. the saphenous nerve
E. none of the above
Answer» A. the deep branch of the common peroneal nerve
discuss
54.

With respect to peroneus longus:

A. it inserts into the base of the 5th metacarpal
B. it is supplied by the superficial peroneal nerve
C. it has a broad tendon that lies between the lateral malleolus and the tendon of peroneus brevis
D. it arises from the upper two thirds of the tibia
E. it is mainly supplied by L4 and L5 segments
Answer» B. it is supplied by the superficial peroneal nerve
discuss
55.

The stability of the weightbearing flexed knee is maintained by:

A. anterior cruciate ligament
B. iliotibial tract
C. posterior cruciate ligament
D. popliteus and posterior cruciate ligament
E. arcuate popliteal ligament and anterior cruciate ligament
Answer» C. posterior cruciate ligament
discuss
56.

Regarding the femoral triangle:

A. the lateral border of the adductor longus makes up its medial boundary
B. it is bisected by the femoral nerve
C. the lateral border of sartorius muscle makes up its lateral boundary
D. the long saphenous vein joins the femoral vein within the triangle
E. rectus femoris makes up part of the floor
Answer» D. the long saphenous vein joins the femoral vein within the triangle
discuss
57.

Inversion of the foot is performed by which pair of muscles?

A. peroneus longus and peroneus brevis
B. peroneus longus and tibialis posterior
C. tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior
D. peroneus brevis and plantaris
E. none of the above
Answer» C. tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior
discuss
58.

The anterior tibial artery:

A. pierces the interosseous membrane
B. supplies the lateral compartment of the leg
C. lies lateral to the deep peroneal nerve
D. lies lateral to tibialis anterior
E. gives the nutrient artery to the tibia
Answer» D. lies lateral to tibialis anterior
discuss
59.

The suprapatellar bursa:

A. does not communicate with the knee joint
B. lies in front of the vastus intermedius muscle
C. extends 5cm or more above the patella
D. lies deep to the patellar retinacula
E. none of the above
Answer» C. extends 5cm or more above the patella
discuss
60.

Which of the following does NOT apply to the popliteus muscle?

A. it inserts into the lateral meniscus of the knee joint
B. it is innervated by the tibial nerve
C. it acts to extend the knee joint
D. it inserts into the lateral condyle of the femur
E. it acts to laterally rotate the femur of the fixed tibia
Answer» C. it acts to extend the knee joint
discuss
61.

A 30 year old man presents with adenopathy of the medial group of superficial inguinal lymph nodes on the right side. Which of the following is the primary site resulting in this finding?

A. right testis
B. right buttock
C. the skin of the right lower limb
D. the anal canal
E. none of the above
Answer» D. the anal canal
discuss
62.

Regarding the femoral artery:

A. it enters the thigh directly beneath the deep inguinal ring
B. it lies lateral to the femoral nerve in the femoral sheath
C. it gives rise to the profunda femoris artery which pierces the femoral sheath
D. does not contribute to the trochanteric anastomosis
E. its branches include the superficial epigastric artery and the deep external pudendal artery
Answer» E. its branches include the superficial epigastric artery and the deep external pudendal artery
discuss
63.

Regarding the popliteal fossa:

A. the common peroneal nerve passes through the lateral part of the fossa
B. it contains no lymph nodes
C. it has a roof pierced by the tibial nerve
D. the popliteal artery lies superficial to the popliteal vein throughout the fossa
E. the small saphenous vein joins the popliteal vein before its entry into the fossa
Answer» A. the common peroneal nerve passes through the lateral part of the fossa
discuss
64.

Regarding the movements at the knee joint:

A. popliteus ‘unlocks’ the extended knee by producing medial rotation of the femur
B. there is no active rotation of the extended knee
C. passive extension of the knee does not result in ‘locking’ of the joint
D. the posterior cruciate ligament prevents backward displacement of the femur on the tibial plateau
E. the major role of the menisci is in flexion/extension of the knee
Answer» B. there is no active rotation of the extended knee
discuss
65.

The dorsalis pedis artery:

A. lies medial to the tendon of extensor hallucis longus
B. lies lateral to the detail branch of the deep peroneal nerve
C. crosses superficial to the tendon of extensor hallucis brevis
D. terminates at the arcuate artery
E. joins the lateral plantar artery to form the plantar arch
Answer» E. joins the lateral plantar artery to form the plantar arch
discuss
66.

A 25 year old man is unable to plantar flex his foot. The most likely cause is damage to:

A. the superficial peroneal nerve
B. the L5 nerve root
C. the tibial nerve
D. soleus
E. gastrocnemius
Answer» C. the tibial nerve
discuss
67.

Which of the following is NOT a component of the second layer of the sole of the foot?

A. tendon of flexor hallucis longus
B. abductor hallucis
C. flexor accessorius
D. the lumbrical muscles
E. tendon of flexor digitorum longus
Answer» B. abductor hallucis
discuss
68.

Which of the following structures does NOT pass through the greater sciatic foramen?

A. the sciatic nerve
B. the pudendal nerve and vessels
C. the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
D. the inferior gluteal nerve and vessels
E. the nerve to obturator externus
Answer» E. the nerve to obturator externus
discuss
69.

The psoas muscle:

A. passes across the front of the capsule of the hip joint
B. is a powerful lateral rotator of the femur
C. inserts into the greater trochanter
D. is supplied by L4 and L5 nerve roots
E. arises from the iliac crest and sacroiliac joint
Answer» A. passes across the front of the capsule of the hip joint
discuss
70.

The femoral nerve:

A. is formed from the anterior divisions of the anterior primary rami of L2-4
B. is formed from the same spinal segments as the obturator nerve
C. divides after passing through the femoral triangle
D. has no cutaneous branches other than the saphenous nerve
E. enters the thigh in the femoral sheath
Answer» B. is formed from the same spinal segments as the obturator nerve
discuss
71.

The peroneus longus muscle:

A. passes superficial to the superior peroneal retinaculum
B. inserts into the styloid process of the fifth metatarsal bone
C. is supplied by the common peroneal nerve
D. assists in the maintenance of the lateral longitudinal arch
E. has no origin from the tibia
Answer» D. assists in the maintenance of the lateral longitudinal arch
discuss
72.

The short saphenous vein:

A. lies anterior to the lateral malleolus
B. is accompanied by the saphenous nerve
C. drains into the great saphenous vein
D. drains the lateral margin of the foot
E. lies deep to the deep fascia of the calf
Answer» D. drains the lateral margin of the foot
discuss
73.

Following a subcapital fracture of the neck of the femur, an 80 year old man sustains avascular necrosis of the femoral head. This is most likely to be the consequence of interruption to the blood supply to the head from which of the following sources:

A. arteries from trochanteric anastomosis in the retinacula
B. artery of the ligament of the head from the obturator artery
C. branches from the profunda femoris artery
D. branches from the pudendal artery
E. branches from the inferior gluteal artery
Answer» A. arteries from trochanteric anastomosis in the retinacula
discuss
74.

Which structure does NOT bass under the inguinal ligament?

A. femoral vein
B. lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
C. femoral nerve
D. femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve
E. great saphenous vein
Answer» E. great saphenous vein
discuss
75.

Regarding the femoral triangle:

A. adductor magnus makes up part of the floor
B. no motor branches of the femoral nerve leave the triangle to enter the sartorius canal
C. the femoral artery occupies the lateral compartment of the femoral sheath
D. the main cutaneous nerve supply of the skin overlying the triangle is by the ilioinguinal nerve
E. the femoral vein lies medial to the femoral artery throughout the triangle
Answer» C. the femoral artery occupies the lateral compartment of the femoral sheath
discuss
76.

Regarding the femoral nerve, all of the following are true EXCEPT:

A. the superficial group consists of two cutaneous and two muscular branches
B. the nerve to the vastus medialis passes down on the medial side of the femoral artery
C. the medial femoral cutaneous nerve belongs to the superficial group
D. the saphenous nerve is the only cutaneous branch of the deep group of the femoral nerve
E. the femoral nerve is formed from the posterior divisions of the ventral rami of the lumbar nerves 2, 3 and 4
Answer» B. the nerve to the vastus medialis passes down on the medial side of the femoral artery
discuss
77.

Regarding the hip joint all of the following statements are true ????EXCEPT:

A. the anterior fibres of the gluteus medius and minimus act as medial rotator of the hip joint
B. the gluteus maximus is the most powerful lateral rotator of the hip joint
C. gluteus medius and minimus are supplied by the inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
D. the superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1) emerges from the greater sciatic notch
E. the iliofemoral ligament limits extension at the hip joint
Answer» C. gluteus medius and minimus are supplied by the inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
discuss
78.

Regarding the popliteal fossa, which of the following statements is true?

A. the common peroneal nerve slopes downwards lateral to the biceps tendon
B. the sural nerve is a cutaneous branch of the common peroneal nerve
C. the middle genicular artery of the popliteal artery supply the cruciate ligaments
D. the popliteus muscle is supplied by a branch of the common peroneal nerve
E. the recurrent genicular nerve is a branch of the tibial nerve
Answer» C. the middle genicular artery of the popliteal artery supply the cruciate ligaments
discuss
79.

Regarding the extensor compartment of the lower leg, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

A. the tibialis anterior muscle is supplied by the deep peroneal and recurrent genicular nerves (L4)
B. extensor digitorum longus and peroneus tertius muscle lie lateral to tibialis anterior artery throughout
C. the deep peroneal nerve arises within the peroneus longus muscle
D. the extensor digitorum longus dorsiflex the lateral toes
E. the extensor hallucis longus arises from the middle two-fourths of the tibia and the adjacent interosseous membrane
Answer» E. the extensor hallucis longus arises from the middle two-fourths of the tibia and the adjacent interosseous membrane
discuss
80.

Regarding the foot, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

A. the tibialis posterior muscle inverts and adducts the forefoot
B. the tibialis posterior muscle plantarflex the ankle joint
C. the tibialis anterior muscle dorsiflex the ankle and inverts the foot
D. all interossei muscles are supplied by the lateral plantar nerve
E. calcaneal branches of the deep peroneal nerve supply the skin of the heel
Answer» E. calcaneal branches of the deep peroneal nerve supply the skin of the heel
discuss
81.

The popliteal artery:

A. is superficial to the tibial nerve
B. extends from the hiatus in adductor longus
C. enters the popliteal fossa on lateral aspect of the femur
D. has four genicular branches in fossa
E. supplies the cruciate ligaments
Answer» E. supplies the cruciate ligaments
discuss
82.

The obturator nerve:

A. adductor magnus
B. obturator internus
C. quadratus femoris
D. sartorius
E. inferior gemellus
Answer» A. adductor magnus
discuss
83.

Which of the following is correctly paired?

A. adductor brevis – femoral nerve
B. adductor longus – sciatic nerve
C. adductor magnus – saphenous nerve
D. adductor longus – obturator nerve
E. adductor magnus – femoral nerve
Answer» D. adductor longus – obturator nerve
discuss
84.

The anterior cruciate ligament::

A. lies within the synovial membrane of the knee joint
B. attaches from the anterior tibial plateau to the medial condyle of the femur
C. prevents forward displacement of the femur on the tibial plateau
D. produces lateral rotation of the femur in the ‘screw home’ position of full extension
E. none of the above
Answer» E. none of the above
discuss
85.

The surface marking for the femoral nerve is:

A. midway between the A.S.I.S. and pubic tubercle
B. midway between the A.S.I.S. and pubic synthesis
C. medial to the femoral artery
D. 2cm lateral and 2cm interior to the pubic tubercle
E. none of the above
Answer» A. midway between the A.S.I.S. and pubic tubercle
discuss
86.

In the popliteal fossa, the deepest of these structures is:

A. popliteal vein
B. popliteal artery
C. tibial nerve
D. sural nerve
E. plantaris muscle
Answer» B. popliteal artery
discuss
87.

Which of the following bursae is most likely to communicate with the knee joint?

A. deep infrapatellar bursa
B. superficial infrapatellar bursa
C. prepatellar bursa
D. semimembranosis bursa
E. suprapatellar bursa
Answer» E. suprapatellar bursa
discuss
88.

Adductor longus is inserted onto the:

A. upper half of the linea aspera of the femur
B. upper two thirds of the linea aspera of the femur
C. upper one third of the linea aspera of the femur
D. lower two thirds of the linea aspera of the femur
E. lower half of the linea aspera of the femur
Answer» D. lower two thirds of the linea aspera of the femur
discuss
89.

The muscle which provides the most control of hip joint movement during the act of sitting is:

A. iliacus
B. semitendinosis
C. semimembranosis
D. gluteus maximus
E. gluteus medius
Answer» D. gluteus maximus
discuss
90.

Structures passing through the greater sciatic foramen include all of the following EXCEPT:

A. tendon of obturator internus
B. piriformis muscle
C. posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
D. pudendal nerve
E. nerve to quadratus femoris
Answer» A. tendon of obturator internus
discuss
91.

The medial compartment of the thigh:

A. contains obturator internus
B. contains the adductor canal
C. contains the femoral triangle
D. is limited superiorly by the obturator membrane
E. is supplied mainly by the obturator artery
Answer» D. is limited superiorly by the obturator membrane
discuss
92.

The strongest fibres of the ‘deltoid’ ligament in the ankle run from the tibial malleolus to:

A. medial tubercle of the talus
B. the neck of the talus
C. the sustenaculum tali
D. the navicular bone
E. the medial cuneiform
Answer» C. the sustenaculum tali
discuss
93.

In the femoral triangle:

A. the femoral nerve emerges from the femoral sheath
B. the saphenous nerve lies medial to the femoral artery at the apex
C. the genitofemoral nerve pierces the anterior surface of the femoral sheath
D. the profunda femoris artery arises from the medial aspect of the femoral artery
E. the obturator nerve passes anterior to pectineus
Answer» C. the genitofemoral nerve pierces the anterior surface of the femoral sheath
discuss
94.

The iliotibial tract is the conjoined aponeurosis of the tensor fasciae lata and:

A. gluteus minimus
B. gluteus medius
C. gluteus maximus
D. Camper’s fascia
E. Scarpa’s fascia
Answer» C. gluteus maximus
discuss
95.

Fourth lumbar nerve root supplies:

A. hip flexors
B. tibialis anterior
C. skin on the big toe
D. flexor longus digitorum
E. flexor accessories (quadratus plantae)
Answer» B. tibialis anterior
discuss
96.

The base of Scarpa’s femoral triangle is formed by:

A. sartorius
B. adductor longus
C. inguinal ligament
D. pubic tubercle
E. none of the above
Answer» C. inguinal ligament
discuss
97.

Passing through the greater sciatic notch deep to the sciatic nerve is which of the following?

A. internal pudendal vessels and nerve
B. inferior gemellus muscle
C. posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
D. nerve to quadratus femoris
E. none of the above
Answer» D. nerve to quadratus femoris
discuss
98.

The femoral vein lies …….. to the femoral artery in the femoral sheath:

A. lateral
B. medial
C. anterior
D. posterior
E. femoral vein is not in the femoral sheath
Answer» B. medial
discuss
99.

The main function of gluteus maximus is which of the following:

A. a site for injections
B. a cushion for sitting
C. a flexor of the hip
D. a lateral rotator of the hip
E. none of the above
Answer» E. none of the above
discuss
100.

Tensor fascia latae:

A. is quadrangular in shape
B. is supplied by the femoral nerve
C. extends the hip
D. is an atavistic remnant of the panniculus carnosus muscle
E. lies edge to edge with sartorius at the anterior superior iliac spine
Answer» E. lies edge to edge with sartorius at the anterior superior iliac spine
discuss

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