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Chapter:

130+ Thorax Solved MCQs

in Anatomy

These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Uncategorized topics .

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Chapter: Thorax
1.

Regarding the anterior body wall

A. The umbilicus receives cutaneous innervation from T8
B. The neurovascular bundle lies between the external and the internal intercostal muscles
C. The nipple receives cutaneous innervation from T6
D. The intercostal nerve lies inferior to the intercostal artery
E. The suprapubic skin is innervated by T10
Answer» D. The intercostal nerve lies inferior to the intercostal artery
discuss
2.

The oesophageal opening in the diaphragm transmits all except:

A. Vagal nerve trunk
B. Oesophageal branches of gastric artery
C. Lymphatics
D. Right phrenic nerve
E. Veins – oesophageal branches of gastric veins
Answer» D. Right phrenic nerve
discuss
3.

The vena caval opening foramen in the diaphragm lies at the level of

A. T12
B. T8
C. T10
D. L1
E. C7
Answer» B. T8
discuss
4.

Regarding the descending part of the thoracic aorta

A. It is a component of the middle mediastinum
B. It begins at the level of T3 vertebra
C. It passes through the diaphragm behind the lateral arcuate ligament
D. It begins at the beginning of the arch of the aorta
E. It passes to the abdomen at the level of T12
Answer» E. It passes to the abdomen at the level of T12
discuss
5.

Regarding surface markings of the lungs the following is true

A. Apex of lungs rises 5cm above the lateral third of clavicle
B. Oblique fissure follows approximately the axis of 6th rib
C. The two pleura diverge away at 6th costal cartilage level behind sternum
D. Transverse fissure of right lung is at 6th costal cartilage level
E. Oblique fissure following medial border of scapula on abducted arm
Answer» E. Oblique fissure following medial border of scapula on abducted arm
discuss
6.

Which heart valve has two cusps?

A. Aortic
B. Mitral
C. Pulmonary
D. Pulmonary and aortic
E. Tricuspid
Answer» B. Mitral
discuss
7.

In the lung

A. The horizontal fissue is always present in the right side
B. The fissures create a roughened surface to promote easier expansion
C. The obliquity of the fissure ensures better expansion of the apex of the lung
D. The lingual is a separate lobe of the left side
E. Only 2% of lungs have incomplete oblique fissures
Answer» C. The obliquity of the fissure ensures better expansion of the apex of the lung
discuss
8.

The right phrenic nerve

A. Passes down through the mediastinum posterior to the lung root
B. Is the sole motor supply to the right dome of diaphragm and crus
C. Gives off the right recurrent laryngeal nerve in the neck
D. Contains 50% motor and 50% sensory fibres
E. Divides into two main branches on the under surface of diaphragm
Answer» B. Is the sole motor supply to the right dome of diaphragm and crus
discuss
9.

Within the thoracic inlet

A. The oesophagus lies against the body of C5
B. The arch of aorta passes from right to left
C. On the right side, the trachea is separated from the vagus nerve and apex of the lung
D. The veins entering the superior mediastinum lie behind the arteries
E. The trachea touches the jugular notch of the manubrium
Answer» E. The trachea touches the jugular notch of the manubrium
discuss
10.

Left dominance means

A. Left side of the heart is more important
B. Posterior interventricular branch is given off from right coronary artery
C. Posterior interventricular branch is given off bya a large anterior interventricular artery traveling off left coronary artery
D. It is more common than right dominance
E. It is given off directly from left coronary artery
Answer» C. Posterior interventricular branch is given off bya a large anterior interventricular artery traveling off left coronary artery
discuss
11.

In the chest wall

A. The intercostal artery is more superficial than the vein
B. The intercostal artery lies between the intercostal nerve and vein
C. The transverses muscle lies between the external and internal intercostals
D. The neurovascular bundle lies between the external and internal intercostals
E. All of the above
Answer» B. The intercostal artery lies between the intercostal nerve and vein
discuss
12.

The oesophageal opening in the diaphragm is opposite

A. T6
B. T8
C. T10
D. T11
E. T12
Answer» C. T10
discuss
13.

The most superficial structure in the thoracic inlet is

A. Vagus nerve
B. Right subclavian artery
C. Left subclavian artery
D. Thoracic duct
E. Superior vena cava
Answer» E. Superior vena cava
discuss
14.

The diaphragm

A. Has the oesophageal opening opposite T8 vertebra
B. Is supplied by the 5th, 6th and 7th cervical nerve roots
C. Has a major role in expiration
D. Has a vena caval foramen opposite T10 vertebra
E. Has an aortic opening opposite T12 vertebra
Answer» E. Has an aortic opening opposite T12 vertebra
discuss
15.

In the thorax

A. The carina lies at the level of the upper border of the T4 vertebra in the cadaver
B. The thoracic duct drains into the superior vena cava
C. C4 and T3 are adjacent dermatomes
D. The trachea lies in contact with the manubrium
E. The apex of the lung is above the thoracic inlet
Answer» D. The trachea lies in contact with the manubrium
discuss
16.

Which of the following is not true of the surface markings of the left pleura?

A. It lies behind the sternoclavicular joint
B. It lies in the midline behind the angle of Louis
C. It lies at the level of the 6th rib in the midclavicular line
D. It crosses the midaxillary line at the level of the 10th rib
E. It crosses the 12th rib at the lateral border of the sacrospinalis muscle
Answer» C. It lies at the level of the 6th rib in the midclavicular line
discuss
17.

In the anatomical position, the heart:

A. Has a right border comprised of right atrium and right ventricle
B. Has an anterior (sternocostal) surface comprised of right atrium, right ventricle and a strip of left ventricle
C. Has a posterior surface comprised of left atrium, 4 pulmonary veins and left ventricle
D. Has an inferior (diaphragmatic) surface comprised of left atrium, inferior vena cava and right ventricle
E. All of the above are true
Answer» B. Has an anterior (sternocostal) surface comprised of right atrium, right ventricle and a strip of left ventricle
discuss
18.

With respect to the contents of the posterior mediastinum, all are true except:

A. The oesophagus extends from the level of cricoid cartilage to traverse the diaphragm at T10
B. The descending thoracic aorta gives off the posterior intercostals arteries
C. It contains the perihilar lymph nodes
D. The oesophagus is 25cm in length
E. The descending aorta commences at the lower level of T4 vertebra
Answer» C. It contains the perihilar lymph nodes
discuss
19.

Which is true of the sternum?

A. Jugular notch lies at the level of T4
B. 2nd costal cartilage articulates separately with the manubrium and the body of the sternum
C. sternohyoid attaches to the manubrium, below the 1st costal cartilage
D. interclavicular ligament makes no attachment to the sternum
E. posterior surface of the manubrium is completely covered with pleura
Answer» B. 2nd costal cartilage articulates separately with the manubrium and the body of the sternum
discuss
20.

Which is not a feature of a typical rib?

A. Medial facet of the tubercle faces backwards
B. Angle is the most posterior point
C. Necks are all of equal length
D. There are 3 costotransverse ligaments
E. Intraarticular ligament attaches from horizontal ridge on the head to the intervertebral disc
Answer» C. Necks are all of equal length
discuss
21.

Which is not true of the oesophagus?

A. There is usually a constriction at 27cm from the lips, where the left main bronchus crosses
B. Crosses in front of the descending aorta
C. Upper part drains into the azygos vein
D. Begins at the level of C6 vertebra
E. Receives nerve supply from the recurrent laryngeal nerve
Answer» C. Upper part drains into the azygos vein
discuss
22.

Phrenic nerve supplies the sensation to all but

A. Diaphragm
B. Mediastinal pleura
C. Peritoneum
D. Left ventricle
E. Pericardium
Answer» D. Left ventricle
discuss
23.

Which is true of the vagus nerves?

A. Left vagus is held away from the trachea by branches of the aortic arch
B. Run in front of the lung roots
C. Vagal trunks receive fibres from the ipsilateral nerve only
D. Left vagus crosses the aortic arch superficial to the left superior intercostal vein
E. Right vagus runs superficial to the azygos vein
Answer» A. Left vagus is held away from the trachea by branches of the aortic arch
discuss
24.

Which is true of the thoracic sympathetic trunk

A. Passes into the abdomen behind lateral arcuate ligament
B. Greater splanchnic nerve comes from 3rd to 7th cervical ganglia
C. 1st thoracic ganglion often fuses with the inferior cervical ganglion
D. crosses 1st rib lateral to the superior intercostals artery
E. gives fibres to the oesophageal plexus
Answer» E. gives fibres to the oesophageal plexus
discuss
25.

Pleural reflection lies at which rib level in the midaxillary line?

A. 6th
B. 8th
C. 9th
D. 10th
E. 12th
Answer» D. 10th
discuss
26.

What lies posterior to the right root of lung

A. Aorta
B. Right phrenic nerve
C. Right vagus nerve
E. 12th
Answer» C. Right vagus nerve
discuss
27.

Regarding the right coronary artery

A. Course through the left auricle and infundibulum
B. Supplies 60% of AV nodes
C. Usually has a posterior interventricular branch
D. Supplies 30% of SA nodes
E. 12th
Answer» C. Usually has a posterior interventricular branch
discuss
28.

The thoracic duct

A. Commences level with the body of T10
B. Enters the point of confluence of the left internal jugular and axillary vein
C. Receives the left jugular and subclavian lymph trunks
D. Receives lymph from the right thoracic wall
E. Passes in front of the oesophagus
Answer» C. Receives the left jugular and subclavian lymph trunks
discuss
29.

The phrenic nerve

A. Attempts to reach the midline at all levels
B. Is solely motor
C. Lies in front of the lung root
D. Passes through the diaphragm at T12
E. Splits into two main branches on the undersurface of the diaphragm
Answer» C. Lies in front of the lung root
discuss
30.

In the chest wall

A. The neurovascular bundle lies between the external and internal intercostals
B. The transverses muscle lies between the internal and external intercostals
C. The intercostal artery lies netween the nerve and vein
D. The intercostal artery is more superficial than the vein
E. All of the above
Answer» C. The intercostal artery lies netween the nerve and vein
discuss
31.

The oesophageal opening in the diaphragm is at

A. T6
B. T8
C. T10
D. T12
E. L1
Answer» C. T10
discuss
32.

The trachea

A. Drains to axillary lymph nodes
B. Is supplied by glossopharyngeal nerve
C. Is marked at its lower end by the sternal angle
D. Enters the thoracic inlet slightly to the left
E. Commences below the cricoid at the level of C5
Answer» C. Is marked at its lower end by the sternal angle
discuss
33.

The most superficial structure in the thoracic inlet is the

A. Vagus nerve
B. Superior vena cava
C. Right subclavian artery
D. Left subclavian artery
E. Thoracic duct
Answer» B. Superior vena cava
discuss
34.

The diaphragm

A. Has the oesophageal opening opposite the T8 vertebrae
B. Is supplied by C4, 5, 6
C. Has a major role in expiration
D. Has a vena caval opening at T10
E. Has an aortic opening opposite T12
Answer» E. Has an aortic opening opposite T12
discuss
35.

Which passes through the diaphragm with the oesophagus?

A. Azygos vein
B. Right vagus
C. Sympathetic trunks
D. Thoracic duct
E. Phrenic nerves
Answer» B. Right vagus
discuss
36.

With regard to the coronary arteries

A. Right arises from the posterior coronary sinus
B. Left supplies the conducting system in most patients
C. Right supplies the posterior descending branch in most patients
D. There are no arteriolar anastomoses between left and right
E. Phrenic nerves
Answer» C. Right supplies the posterior descending branch in most patients
discuss
37.

Regarding bronchopulmonary segments, which is FALSE?

A. There are approximately 10 segments in each lung
B. The lingual is divided into upper and lower segments
E. Phrenic nerves
Answer» B. The lingual is divided into upper and lower segments
discuss
38.

Which muscle is NOT used in forced expiration?

A. Transverses abdominis
B. Rectus abdominis
C. Diaphragm
D. External oblique
E. Internal oblique
Answer» C. Diaphragm
discuss
39.

Which vessel passes directly behind the right hilum?

A. Right phrenic nerve
B. Right vagus nerve
C. Azygos vein
D. Internal mammary artery
E. Hemi-azygos vein
Answer» C. Azygos vein
discuss
40.

In the superior mediastinum

A. The apex of the left lung abuts the trachea
B. The left vagus is in contact with the trachea
C. The right phrenic descends in contact with SVC
D. The azygos vein hooks under the right main bronchus
E. SVC runs posterior to the right main bronchus
Answer» C. The right phrenic descends in contact with SVC
discuss
41.

Regarding the diaphragm

A. Its fibres arise in continuity with those of the internal oblique muscle
B. It has a central tendon which is fused inseparably to the visceral pericardium
C. Its right crus is fixed to the upper two lumbar vertebrae
D. 95% of its muscle fibres are of the slow twitch fatigue resistant variety
E. its proprioceptive fibres come from the lower intercostal nerves
Answer» B. It has a central tendon which is fused inseparably to the visceral pericardium
discuss
42.

The diaphragm

A. Has an aortic opening which transmits the right vagus nerve
B. Has an oesophageal opening at the level of T8
C. Is pierced by the left phrenic nerve at the left dome
D. Is supplied in its central part mainly by the pericardiophrenic and musculophrenic arteries
E. Has a left dome which lies higher than the right dome
Answer» C. Is pierced by the left phrenic nerve at the left dome
discuss
43.

The major arterial supply to the interventricular septum originates from the

A. Circumflex artery
B. Marginal artery
C. Posterior descending
D. Anterior descending
E. Conus artery
Answer» C. Posterior descending
discuss
44.

The vagus nerve

A. Arises in a series of rootlets from the pons
B. Lies outside the carotid sheath in the neck
C. Supplies muscles of the larynx via the recurrent laryngeal nerve
D. Passes in front of the root of the lung
E. Has a superior and inferior ganglion within the jugular fossa
Answer» C. Supplies muscles of the larynx via the recurrent laryngeal nerve
discuss
45.

Regarding the surface markings of the lung and pleura

A. The border of the lung lies two ribs below the pleural reflection
B. The hilum of the lungs lie at the level of T10 verterbra
C. The oblique fissure follows the line of T10 vertebra
D. The oblique fissure follows the line of the 5th rib
E. The horizontal fissure meets the oblique fissure in the left midaxillary line
Answer» C. The oblique fissure follows the line of T10 vertebra
discuss
46.

Thoracic skeleton:

A. the function of the ribs is primarily to protect the thoracic contents
B. each rib articulates with its own thoracic vertebra and the one above
C. the tubercle of a typical rib has two facets, the lateral facet being non-articular
D. the 2nd to 7th sternocostal joints are synovial type, each with a single cavity
E. the body of the sternum usually fuses with the manubrium with advancing age
Answer» C. the tubercle of a typical rib has two facets, the lateral facet being non-articular
discuss
47.

Diaphragm:

A. median arcuate ligament is at L1
B. vena caval opening transmits IVC and left phrenic nerve
C. oesophageal opening is at T8
D. expiration depends on active contraction of the diaphragm
E. the motor supply to the diaphragm is solely from the phrenic nerves
Answer» E. the motor supply to the diaphragm is solely from the phrenic nerves
discuss
48.

With respect to the thoracic wall, which is TRUE?

A. intercostal and lumbar arteries pass forward in the neurovascular plane between internal and external oblique
B. lymphatic drainage above the umbilicus drains posteriorly to the scapular (post) group of axillary nodes
C. division of a single intercostal nerve causes anaesthesia in its supply area
D. the thoracoepigastric vein unites the internal thoracic vein and the superficial epigastric vein – connecting IVC and SUC
E. venous return follows intercostal and lumbar arteries only
Answer» B. lymphatic drainage above the umbilicus drains posteriorly to the scapular (post) group of axillary nodes
discuss
49.

The oesophagus passes through the diaphragm at the level of T10 vertebra. It is accompanied by:

A. right phrenic nerve
B. left phrenic nerve
C. oesophageal branch of the right gastric artery
D. vagal trunks
E. hemiazygous vein
Answer» D. vagal trunks
discuss
50.

The aorta passes through the diaphragm at the level of T12. It is accompanied by:

A. azygous vein
B. thoracic duct
C. hemiazygous vein
D. a and b correct
E. a, b and c correct
Answer» D. a and b correct
discuss

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