McqMate
Chapters
| 101. |
The superior gluteal nerve supplies: |
| A. | gluteus medius |
| B. | gluteus minimus |
| C. | tensor fascia latae |
| D. | none of the above |
| E. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. all of the above | |
| 102. |
The hamstring muscles originate from: |
| A. | body of the ischium |
| B. | ramus of the pubis |
| C. | iliac crest |
| D. | ischial tuberosity |
| E. | symphysis pubis |
| Answer» D. ischial tuberosity | |
| 103. |
The upper tibial epiphysis appears at: |
| A. | birth |
| B. | 1 year |
| C. | 2 year |
| D. | 3 years |
| E. | puberty |
| Answer» A. birth | |
| 104. |
At birth: |
| A. | all the tarsal bones are ossified |
| B. | only calcaneus is ossified |
| C. | calcaneus and talus are ossified |
| D. | calcaneus, talus and cuboid are ossified |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. calcaneus, talus and cuboid are ossified | |
| 105. |
Which of the following is found in the popliteal fossa? |
| A. | sciatic nerve |
| B. | femoral vein |
| C. | common peroneal nerve |
| D. | femoral artery |
| E. | saphenous nerve |
| Answer» C. common peroneal nerve | |
| 106. |
The short saphenous vein passes below and behind the: |
| A. | medial malleolus |
| B. | lateral malleolus |
| C. | medial epicondyle |
| D. | lateral epicondyle |
| E. | greater trochanter |
| Answer» B. lateral malleolus | |
| 107. |
When standing, the knee joint is locked in extension by: |
| A. | lateral rotation of the tibia |
| B. | medial rotation of the femur |
| C. | tightening of the medial ligament |
| D. | tightening of the lateral ligament |
| E. | tension in the oblique popliteal ligament |
| Answer» B. medial rotation of the femur | |
| 108. |
The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh: |
| A. | consists only of S2, 3 |
| B. | travels most of its course superficial to the fascia lata |
| C. | innervates a small area on the labia majora |
| D. | emerges above pinforris |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. innervates a small area on the labia majora | |
| 109. |
The deep peroneal nerve supplies: |
| A. | skin between the first and second toes |
| B. | skin between the second and third toes |
| C. | skin on the medial side of the shin |
| D. | skin on the dorsolateral side of the foot |
| E. | the great toe only |
| Answer» A. skin between the first and second toes | |
| 110. |
Attached to lateral meniscus is which of the following: |
| A. | posterior cruciate ligament |
| B. | lateral ligament of the knee |
| C. | mucous fold |
| D. | popliteus muscle |
| E. | oblique popliteal ligament |
| Answer» D. popliteus muscle | |
| 111. |
The obturator nerve is derived from the anterior rami of: |
| A. | T12, L1 and L2 |
| B. | L1, L2 and L3 |
| C. | L2, L3 and L4 |
| D. | L3, L4 and S1 |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. L2, L3 and L4 | |
| 112. |
The skin crease of the hip: |
| A. | is where the inguinal ligament is attached to the fascia lata |
| B. | is where the external oblique aponeurosis is joined to Scarpa’s fascia |
| C. | is where Scarpa’s fascia is attached to the fascia lata |
| D. | is mainly supplied by the femoral nerve |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. is where Scarpa’s fascia is attached to the fascia lata | |
| 113. |
Peroneus tertius: |
| A. | acts only to evert the foot |
| B. | arises from the lower anterior part of the tibia |
| C. | may insert into the neck of the fifth metatarsal |
| D. | passes superficial to the extensor retinaculum |
| E. | is innervated by the superficial peroneal nerve |
| Answer» C. may insert into the neck of the fifth metatarsal | |
| 114. |
Structures closely related to long saphenous vein at ankle include which of the following? |
| A. | major perforating veins to deep venous system |
| B. | a branch of the femoral nerve |
| C. | medial superficial lymphatic trunks |
| D. | a branch of the anterior tibial nerve |
| E. | dorsalis pedis artery |
| Answer» B. a branch of the femoral nerve | |
| 115. |
The only muscle to cross the anterior tibial artery is: |
| A. | extensor hallucis longus |
| B. | extensor digitorum brevis |
| C. | extensor hallucis brevis |
| D. | extensor digitorum longus |
| E. | tibialis anterior |
| Answer» A. extensor hallucis longus | |
| 116. |
The dorsalis pedis artery is: |
| A. | lateral to extensor hallucis longus at the ankle |
| B. | medial to extensor hallucis longus at the ankle |
| C. | medial to tibialis anterior at the ankle |
| D. | found perforating the first metatarsal space and joining with the medial plantar artery |
| E. | lateral to the digital branch of the deep peroneal nerve |
| Answer» A. lateral to extensor hallucis longus at the ankle | |
| 117. |
Features of the fibula include which of the following? |
| A. | it is on the medial side of the tibia |
| B. | its medial surface is grooved for the origin of tibialis posterior |
| C. | it is ossified from five centres |
| D. | it does not provide origin for flexor digitorum longus |
| E. | its lower third is rough for the origin of soleus |
| Answer» B. its medial surface is grooved for the origin of tibialis posterior | |
| 118. |
Which of the following is true of the saphenous nerve? |
| A. | is predominantly from L2 |
| B. | supplies adductor magnus |
| C. | pierces the deep fascia in the femoral triangle |
| D. | is cutaneous only |
| E. | terminates just below the knee |
| Answer» D. is cutaneous only | |
| 119. |
The superficial epigastric, superior perforating and deep external pudendal arteries are all branches of: |
| A. | profunda femoris |
| B. | popliteal |
| C. | internal iliac |
| D. | external iliac |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» E. none of the above | |
| 120. |
Which of the following is NOT a branch of the profunda femoris artery? |
| A. | medial femoral circumflex |
| B. | lateral femoral circumflex |
| C. | popliteal |
| D. | perforating |
| E. | all are branches of the profunda |
| Answer» C. popliteal | |
| 121. |
The long saphenous vein: |
| A. | passes anterior to the inguinal ligament |
| B. | passes posteriorly to the medial malleolus |
| C. | ascends the lateral side of the leg |
| D. | receives tributaries from the perineum |
| E. | is in close relation with the saphenous nerve throughout the length of its course |
| Answer» D. receives tributaries from the perineum | |
| 122. |
The chief dorsiflexor of the ankle joint: |
| A. | peroneus tertius |
| B. | tibialis anterior |
| C. | extensor longus hallucis |
| D. | extensor longus digitorum |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. tibialis anterior | |
| 123. |
Iliopsoas: |
| A. | supplied by obturator nerve |
| B. | medial rotator of hip |
| C. | synergist of quadriceps femoris |
| D. | lateral rotator of hip |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. medial rotator of hip | |
| 124. |
The lumbar plexus is formed by ventral primary rami of: |
| A. | T12, L1, L2 and L3 |
| B. | L1, L2, L3 and L4 |
| C. | L2, L3, L4 and L5 |
| D. | L2, L4, L5 and S1 |
| E. | formed by dorsal primary rami |
| Answer» B. L1, L2, L3 and L4 | |
| 125. |
The cutaneous nerve supplying the medial aspect of the calf is: |
| A. | anterior femoral cutaneous |
| B. | sural |
| C. | superficial peroneal |
| D. | saphenous |
| E. | posterior femoral cutaneous |
| Answer» D. saphenous | |
| 126. |
The nerve supply to the knee joint comes from: |
| A. | sciatic |
| B. | femoral |
| C. | obturator |
| D. | all of these |
| E. | none of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 127. |
The most powerful extensor of the hip is: |
| A. | gluteus maximus |
| B. | psoas major |
| C. | iliacus |
| D. | obturator externus |
| E. | piriformis |
| Answer» A. gluteus maximus | |
| 128. |
Which of the following is not an action of gracilis? |
| A. | adduction of thigh |
| B. | flexion of knee |
| C. | extension of thigh |
| D. | medial rotation of the flexed knee |
| E. | none of these |
| Answer» C. extension of thigh | |
| 129. |
Obturator externus: |
| A. | is pierced by femoral circumflex artery |
| B. | external rotator of hip |
| C. | internal rotator of hip |
| D. | hip flexor |
| E. | supplied by S.I. |
| Answer» B. external rotator of hip | |
| 130. |
The intermediate cutaneous nerve of the thigh: |
| A. | arises from the sacral plexus |
| B. | is a branch of the obturator nerve |
| C. | pierces sartorius |
| D. | extends beneath the knee |
| E. | arises independently of the medial cutaneous nerve of the thigh |
| Answer» C. pierces sartorius | |
| 131. |
The dorsalis pedis artery is a continuation of: |
| A. | anterior perforating branch of posterior tibial |
| B. | anterior tibial |
| C. | popliteal |
| D. | femoral |
| E. | peroneal |
| Answer» B. anterior tibial | |
| 132. |
The lateral aspect of the thigh has a cutaneous nerve supply derived from: |
| A. | L2 and 3 |
| B. | L3 and 4 |
| C. | L5, S1 and S2 |
| D. | L4, L5 and S1 |
| E. | S1 and S2 |
| Answer» A. L2 and 3 | |
| 133. |
The sole of the foot has a cutaneous nerve supply derived from: |
| A. | L4, L5, S1 and S2 |
| B. | L5 and S1 |
| C. | L4, L5 and S1 |
| D. | L4 and L5 |
| E. | L5, S1 and S2 |
| Answer» B. L5 and S1 | |
| 134. |
The adductor (subsartorial) cancal of Hunter is bounded laterally by: |
| A. | adductor longus |
| B. | adductor magnus |
| C. | vastus medialis |
| D. | sartorius |
| E. | femoral vein |
| Answer» C. vastus medialis | |
| 135. |
In the upper part of the popliteal fossa the following are found from medial to lateral: |
| A. | popliteal artery, popliteal vein, sciatic vein |
| B. | popliteal vein, popliteal artery, sciatic nerve |
| C. | sciatic nerve, popliteal artery, popliteal vein |
| D. | sciatic nerve, popliteal vein, popliteal artery |
| E. | popliteal artery, sciatic nerve, popliteal vein |
| Answer» A. popliteal artery, popliteal vein, sciatic vein | |
| 136. |
Flexor digitorum longus: |
| A. | lies superficial to tibialis posterior |
| B. | muscle belly lies medial to flexor hallucis longus |
| C. | arises from both tibia and fibula |
| D. | has communications with flexor longus hallucis |
| E. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. all of the above | |
| 137. |
Posterior tibial artery: |
| A. | arises at the upper border of popliteus |
| B. | has no accompanying sympathetic nerve plexus |
| C. | lies posterior to flexor longus digitorum under flexor retinaculum |
| D. | lies on peroneus brevis for part of its course |
| E. | all of the above |
| Answer» C. lies posterior to flexor longus digitorum under flexor retinaculum | |
| 138. |
Flexor longus digitorum: |
| A. | crosses deep to tibialis posterior in calf |
| B. | crosses superficial to flexor longus hallucis in sole |
| C. | is an evertor of the foot |
| D. | supplied by musculocutaneous nerve |
| E. | supplied by L5 nerve root |
| Answer» B. crosses superficial to flexor longus hallucis in sole | |
| 139. |
The long saphenous vein: |
| A. | lies deep to the deep fascia only near its termination |
| B. | normally drains blood from deep veins |
| C. | communicates with the deep venous system only indirectly |
| D. | normally receives blood from the deep venous system |
| E. | has no valves other than at saphenofemoral junction |
| Answer» A. lies deep to the deep fascia only near its termination | |
| 140. |
Concerning the talus: |
| A. | blood supply to body enters only through the dorsum of the neck |
| B. | superior articular facet is broader posteriorly than anteriorly |
| C. | articulates with cuboid |
| D. | has no muscles attached |
| E. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. has no muscles attached | |
| 141. |
Concerning the ankle: |
| A. | movements of dorsi and plantar flexion only are possible |
| B. | communicates with inferior tibiofibular joint |
| C. | communicates with posterior subtalar joint |
| D. | dorsiflexion accompanied by some eversion |
| E. | can be plantarflexed by flexor longus hallucis |
| Answer» E. can be plantarflexed by flexor longus hallucis | |
| 142. |
At the ankle, the posterior tibial nerve: |
| A. | has no further motor branches |
| B. | has no further cutaneous branches |
| C. | lies anterior to the artery |
| D. | lies anterior to flexor longus hallucis |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. lies anterior to flexor longus hallucis | |
| 143. |
Biceps femoris: |
| A. | inserts partially into the tibial condyle |
| B. | has intramuscular tendon |
| C. | attached proximally to the ilium |
| D. | supplied by L4 |
| E. | shares its origin with semimembranosis |
| Answer» A. inserts partially into the tibial condyle | |
| 144. |
Common peroneal nerve: |
| A. | supplies the knee joint |
| B. | supplies semitendinosus |
| C. | supplies skin on sole |
| D. | all of the above |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. supplies the knee joint | |
| 145. |
On the front of the ankle joint, the tendon of extensor hallucis longus: |
| A. | is medial to tibialis anterior |
| B. | is medial to deep peroneal nerve |
| C. | is lateral to extensor digitorum longus |
| D. | possesses no synovial sheath |
| E. | is lateral to extensor hallucis brevis |
| Answer» B. is medial to deep peroneal nerve | |
| 146. |
Iliofemoral ligament: |
| A. | limits hip flexion |
| B. | limits hip extension |
| C. | limits hip adduction |
| D. | limits hip internal rotation |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. limits hip extension | |
| 147. |
At the upper end of the femur: |
| A. | gluteus maximus is attached to a ridge on the posterior surface |
| B. | gluteus medius is attached to the anterior surface of the greater trochanter |
| C. | the three secondary centres of ossification fuse together before joining the shaft |
| D. | the posterior part of the capsular ligament is attached to the intertrochanteric crest |
| E. | main nutrient artery enters the bone |
| Answer» A. gluteus maximus is attached to a ridge on the posterior surface | |
| 148. |
Medial longitudinal plantar arch: |
| A. | raised by peroneus longus |
| B. | maintained by ligamentum bifurcation |
| C. | maintained by talocalcaneal interosseous ligament |
| D. | all of the above |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» E. none of the above | |
| 149. |
The femoral nerve: |
| A. | continues as a cutaneous branch which runs along the lateral border of the foot |
| B. | supplies iliacus muscle |
| C. | supplies psoas muscle |
| D. | supplies obturator externus muscle |
| E. | lies within the femoral sheath |
| Answer» B. supplies iliacus muscle | |
| 150. |
Rectus femoris muscle: |
| A. | occupies an intermediate plane in the quadriceps muscle mass |
| B. | arises from the anterior superior iliac spine |
| C. | has two heads of origin |
| D. | supplied by ilioinguinal nerve |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. has two heads of origin | |
| 151. |
The deep fascia of the thigh: |
| A. | is attached to the inguinal ligament |
| B. | is mostly superficial to the long saphenous vein |
| C. | receives the insertion of the whole of the gluteus maximus |
| D. | receives the insertion of the whole of sartorius |
| E. | is less dense than the deep fascia of the upper arm |
| Answer» A. is attached to the inguinal ligament | |
| 152. |
Biceps femoris muscles: |
| A. | has a common origin with semitendinosus from the ischial tuberosity |
| B. | has a short head attached to the femur medial to the attachment of adductor magnus |
| C. | is entirely innervated by common peroneal nerve |
| D. | is deep to the common peroneal nerve |
| E. | is a lateral rotator of the leg on the thigh when the leg is fully extended at the knee joint |
| Answer» A. has a common origin with semitendinosus from the ischial tuberosity | |
| 153. |
The pudendal nerve: |
| A. | leaves the pelvis through the lesser sciatic foramen |
| B. | enters the perineum lateral to the nerve to the obturator internus muscle |
| C. | runs in the roof of the ischiorectal fossa |
| D. | is sensory to the skin of the scrotum |
| E. | innervates the internal rectal sphincter |
| Answer» D. is sensory to the skin of the scrotum | |
| 154. |
The sciatic nerve in the gluteal region: |
| A. | rests directly on ischium |
| B. | is accompanied by posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh |
| C. | supplies obturator internus |
| D. | supplies quadratus femoris |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. rests directly on ischium | |
| 155. |
Short saphenous vein: |
| A. | perforates the deep fascia in the midcalf |
| B. | medial to the tendoachilles |
| C. | more valves than the long saphenous |
| D. | none of the above |
| E. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |
| 156. |
Pectineus: |
| A. | medial rotator of hip |
| B. | sometimes supplied by obturator nerve |
| C. | flexor of hip |
| D. | all of the above |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. all of the above | |
| 157. |
The segmental supply to the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh is: |
| A. | S3, 4 |
| B. | L4, 5 |
| C. | S1, 2, 3 |
| D. | L4, 5 and S1 |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. S1, 2, 3 | |
| 158. |
Long saphenous vein: |
| A. | is deep to the deep fascia for most of its course |
| B. | drains the medial side of the leg between tibia and tendocalcaneous |
| C. | arises in the femoral triangle |
| D. | the superficial circumflex iliac vein is a tributary |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. the superficial circumflex iliac vein is a tributary | |
| 159. |
Attached to proximal tibial epiphysis: |
| A. | the whole of the medial collateral ligament of the knee |
| B. | sartorius |
| C. | ligamentum patellae |
| D. | popliteus |
| E. | semitendinosus |
| Answer» C. ligamentum patellae | |
| 160. |
Emerging from lesser sciatic foramen: |
| A. | piriformis |
| B. | superior gemellus |
| C. | obturator internus |
| D. | inferior gemellus |
| E. | obturator externus |
| Answer» C. obturator internus | |
| 161. |
If the common peroneal nerve is divided the following are lost: |
| A. | plantar flexion of toes |
| B. | inversion of foot |
| C. | dorsiflexion of foot |
| D. | plantar flexion of foot |
| E. | there is no loss of cutaneous sensation |
| Answer» C. dorsiflexion of foot | |
| 162. |
Flexor hallucis longus muscle: |
| A. | is attached to the tibia |
| B. | has a tendon which in the sole, is superficial to that of flexor longus digitorum |
| C. | is a unipennate muscle |
| D. | is attached to the proximal phalanx of the great toe |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» E. none of the above | |
| 163. |
Middle cuneiform: |
| A. | articulates with talus |
| B. | articulates with the third metatarsal |
| C. | receives portion of insertion of tibialis anterior |
| D. | gives attachment to short plantar ligament |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» E. none of the above | |
| 164. |
Profunda femoris artery: |
| A. | first branch from femoral artery |
| B. | main arterial supply to leg |
| C. | spirals down from lateral side of the femoral artery and runs behind the upper border of adductor longus |
| D. | lies between obturator externus and adductor magnus |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. spirals down from lateral side of the femoral artery and runs behind the upper border of adductor longus | |
| 165. |
Talus: |
| A. | receives all its blood supply to the body through dorsal aspect of neck |
| B. | gives attachment to spring ligament |
| C. | posterior aspect of body grooved by flexor longus hallucis |
| D. | gives partial origin to abductor hallucis |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. posterior aspect of body grooved by flexor longus hallucis | |
| 166. |
Gluteus maximus: |
| A. | superficial muscle of buttock ch???? by small fibre size |
| B. | 90% of muscle inserts into upper end of iliotibial tract |
| C. | four bursa lie beneath to muscle |
| D. | shared common nerve supply with gluteus medius |
| E. | blood supply from both superior and inferior gluteal artery |
| Answer» E. blood supply from both superior and inferior gluteal artery | |
| 167. |
Piriformis is the key to gluteal region. Which relation is not TRUE? |
| A. | in buttock, lower border lie alongside superior gemellus |
| B. | converges to ??? tendon and inserts on upper boarder of greater trochanter |
| C. | emerges through greater sciatic foramen with superior gluteal nerve and vessel above it |
| D. | emerges through the greater sciatic foramen with pudendal nerve and vessels deep to it |
| E. | emerges through greater sciatic foramen with sciatic nerve on its surface |
| Answer» D. emerges through the greater sciatic foramen with pudendal nerve and vessels deep to it | |
| 168. |
Of the hip joint ligaments and capsule: |
| A. | capsule attaches circumferentially to neck of???? anterior trochanteric line |
| B. | retinacular fibres of capsule bind down nutrient ????? from cruciate anaster????? |
| C. | iliofemoral ligament becomes taut on medial rotation and extension |
| D. | all three ligaments attach to capsule and completely enclose joint |
| E. | psoas major tendon separates capsule from femoral nerve |
| Answer» C. iliofemoral ligament becomes taut on medial rotation and extension | |
| 169. |
Superficial cutaneous nerves supplying the thigh include the following EXCEPT: |
| A. | ilioinguinal nerve |
| B. | saphenous nerve |
| C. | femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve |
| D. | medial femoral cutaneous nerve |
| E. | intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve |
| Answer» B. saphenous nerve | |
| 170. |
The flexor compartment of the thigh contains which of the following muscles? |
| A. | gluteus maximus |
| B. | adductor magnus |
| C. | garacilis |
| D. | semimembranosus |
| E. | rectus femoris |
| Answer» D. semimembranosus | |
| 171. |
Which of the following is true of the great saphenous vein? |
| A. | it passes posterior to the medial malleolus |
| B. | it runs behind the lateral border of the tibia |
| C. | it passes through the ???cribriform fascia covering the saphenous opening below the inguinal ligament |
| D. | it joins the femoral vein from the anterolateral side |
| E. | it has no tributaries |
| Answer» C. it passes through the ???cribriform fascia covering the saphenous opening below the inguinal ligament | |
| 172. |
Which is not an origin of vastus lateralis? |
| A. | upper half of the intertrochanteric line |
| B. | aponeurosis of tensor fascia lata |
| C. | lateral lip of the linea aspera |
| D. | upper two thirds of the lateral supracondylar line of femur |
| E. | lateral intermuscular septum |
| Answer» B. aponeurosis of tensor fascia lata | |
| 173. |
Regarding the adductor canal: |
| A. | it contains the nerve to vastus intermedialis |
| B. | contents leave by piercing adductor longus |
| C. | the femoral artery is always between the saphenous nerve and femoral vein in the thigh |
| D. | below the adductor hiatus, the canal is occupied by the saphenous nerve of the descending genicular nerve |
| E. | at the adductor hiatus, the femoral vein is medial to the artery |
| Answer» C. the femoral artery is always between the saphenous nerve and femoral vein in the thigh | |
| 174. |
At the hip: |
| A. | the ligament of the head of the femur is attached to the acetabular notch |
| B. | the pubofemoral ligament is the weakest ligament at the hip |
| C. | flexion tightens the ligaments |
| D. | the obturator nerve via its anterior division, innervates the capsule and retinacular fibres |
| E. | the normal range of flexion is 160° |
| Answer» D. the obturator nerve via its anterior division, innervates the capsule and retinacular fibres | |
| 175. |
Regarding the cuneiform bones: |
| A. | the lateral is the smallest |
| B. | tibialis anterior is inserted into a facet on the intermediate cuneiform |
| C. | flexor hallucis brevis has an origin on the medial cuneiform |
| D. | the anterior surface of the medial cuneiform is triangular in shape |
| E. | the second metatarsal bone articulates with all three cuneiforms |
| Answer» E. the second metatarsal bone articulates with all three cuneiforms | |
| 176. |
Regarding the dorsum of the foot: |
| A. | cutaneous innervation is primarily from the sural nerve |
| B. | extensor digitorum brevis gives off four tendons to the lateral four toes |
| C. | the superficial peroneal nerve divides into medial and lateral branches below the ankle |
| D. | the inferior extensor retinaculum joins medial and lateral malleoli |
| E. | dorsalis pedis artery runs to the base of the first intermetatarsal space |
| Answer» E. dorsalis pedis artery runs to the base of the first intermetatarsal space | |
| 177. |
Regarding the sole of the foot: |
| A. | the heel is supplied by lateral calcanean nerves |
| B. | flexor hallucis brevis lies in the first muscular layer |
| C. | flexor digitorum brevis is the lower limb equivalent of flexor digitorum superficialis |
| D. | the plantar arteries and nerves lie between the second and third muscular layers |
| E. | the medial plantar artery forms the plantar arch with dorsalis pedis artery |
| Answer» C. flexor digitorum brevis is the lower limb equivalent of flexor digitorum superficialis | |
| 178. |
At the ankle joint: |
| A. | the distal fibular is not part of the joint |
| B. | the medial ligament is made up of three separate bands |
| C. | the posterior tibiofibular ligament is also known as posterior transverse ligament |
| D. | the long and short peronei muscles assist in plantar flexion |
| E. | nerve supply is from the anterior and posterior tibial nerves |
| Answer» D. the long and short peronei muscles assist in plantar flexion | |
| 179. |
Which is NOT true about fractured neck of femurs? |
| A. | the leg is shortened and externally rotated in most fractured neck of femurs |
| B. | the main source of blood to the femoral head is via the vessels running within cancellous bone from the diaphysis |
| C. | a subcapital fracture cuts off all the blood to the head of the femur resulting in avascular necrosis |
| D. | the blood supply to the head is increased by vessels in the capsular retinacula and it is this which prevents avascular necrosis of the head after an intertrochanteric fracture |
| E. | the ligamentum teres attaches to the central fovea???? on the femoral head and originates from the acetabulum |
| Answer» C. a subcapital fracture cuts off all the blood to the head of the femur resulting in avascular necrosis | |
| 180. |
Trendelenburg’s test is negative if: |
| A. | the hip adductors are paralysed (eg in poliomyelitis) |
| B. | there is an old unreduced or congenital dislocation of the hip |
| C. | there is an ununited fracture of the neck of femur |
| D. | the patient walks with a dipping gait |
| E. | gluteus minimus and medius and tensor fascia latae are weakened severely |
| Answer» A. the hip adductors are paralysed (eg in poliomyelitis) | |
| 181. |
Which of the following structures can be missing in a completely stable and functional knee? |
| A. | ACL |
| B. | PCL |
| C. | oblique ligament |
| D. | patella |
| E. | lateral collateral ligament |
| Answer» D. patella | |
| 182. |
Which statement about femoral hernias is INCORRECT? |
| A. | it is commoner in males than females |
| B. | it is never due to a congenital sac |
| C. | the femoral cord acts as a lymphatic pathway from the lower limb to the external iliac nodes |
| D. | the neck of a femoral hernia can be distinguished from an inguinal hernia because it lies below and lateral to the pubic tubercle |
| E. | the femoral cord normally contains a fat plug and cloquet’s gland but can also accommodate a distended femoral vein |
| Answer» A. it is commoner in males than females | |
| 183. |
In the sole: |
| A. | plantar arteries and nerves lie between second and third layers |
| B. | the myotome is essentially S1 |
| C. | the medial plantar nerve supplies the medial 4½ toes |
| D. | tendons for peroneus longus and tibialis posterior lie in the third layer |
| E. | abductor digiti minimi is in the first layer |
| Answer» E. abductor digiti minimi is in the first layer | |
| 184. |
Which is supplied by the medial plantar nerve? |
| A. | adductor hallucis |
| B. | abductor digiti minimi |
| C. | flexor hallucis longus |
| D. | flexor accessories |
| E. | first lumbrical |
| Answer» E. first lumbrical | |
| 185. |
At the ankle: |
| A. | the capsule is attached to the posterior tibiofibular ligament |
| B. | the deltoid ligament has three parts |
| C. | the joint is a simple hinge joint |
| D. | the joint undergoes dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion and eversion |
| E. | nerve supply is deep and superficial peroneal nerves and tibial nerves |
| Answer» A. the capsule is attached to the posterior tibiofibular ligament | |
| 186. |
The cruciate anastomosis is NOT joined by: |
| A. | transverse branch of the lateral circumflex A |
| B. | descending branch of the internal pudendal A |
| C. | ascending branch of the first perforating A |
| D. | descending branch of the inferior gluteal A |
| E. | transverse branch of the medial circumflex |
| Answer» B. descending branch of the internal pudendal A | |
| 187. |
Stability of the patella in knee extension is maintained primarily by: |
| A. | inferior fibres of vastus lateralis |
| B. | relative prominence of the medial femoral condyle |
| C. | inferior fibres of vastus medialis |
| D. | tension of medial patella retinaculum |
| E. | articularis genu muscle |
| Answer» C. inferior fibres of vastus medialis | |
| 188. |
Regarding the branches of the femoral nerve: |
| A. | does NOT supply cutaneous sensation to skin over the femoral triangle |
| B. | femoral cutaneous nerves pass through the fascia lata via the saphenous canal |
| C. | saphenous nerve follows the course of the great saphenous vein |
| D. | branch to pectineus passes between the femoral artery and vein |
| E. | generally branch within the femoral sheath |
| Answer» A. does NOT supply cutaneous sensation to skin over the femoral triangle | |
| 189. |
Profunda femoris artery is separated from the femoral artery by: |
| A. | pectineus |
| B. | satorius |
| C. | fascia lata |
| D. | femur |
| E. | adductor longus |
| Answer» E. adductor longus | |
| 190. |
Femoral canal contains: |
| A. | femoral nerve |
| B. | lymph node (of cloquet) |
| C. | femoral artery |
| D. | femoral vein |
| E. | B, C and D are correct |
| Answer» B. lymph node (of cloquet) | |
| 191. |
Regarding the saphenous opening: |
| A. | transmits the contents of the femoral sheath |
| B. | posterior wall lies immediately anterior to pectineus |
| C. | the great saphenous vein passes superiomedially through it |
| D. | bounded medially by the lacunar ligament |
| E. | the falciform edge attaches superiorly to the pectineal line |
| Answer» B. posterior wall lies immediately anterior to pectineus | |
| 192. |
Piriformis: |
| A. | is an abductor of the hip in hip flexion |
| B. | passes through the lesser sciatic foramen |
| C. | is the preferred site of intramuscular gluteal injection |
| D. | passes anterior to the femoral neck |
| E. | lies deep to the sciatic nerve |
| Answer» A. is an abductor of the hip in hip flexion | |
| 193. |
Popliteus: |
| A. | attaches to the medial femoral condyle |
| B. | “locks” the knee in extension |
| C. | supplied by a branch of the femoral nerve |
| D. | lies immediately deep to the popliteal artery |
| E. | may attach to the medial meniscus |
| Answer» D. lies immediately deep to the popliteal artery | |
| 194. |
The femoral triangle: |
| A. | the femoral triangle is bounded by the inguinal ligament medial border of sartorius and lateral border of adductor longus |
| B. | the mid-inguinal joint is midway between the pubic tubercle and the anterior superior iliac spine |
| C. | the femoral canal contains the lymph node of cloquet |
| D. | the femoral sheath contains the femoral nerve and femoral artery |
| E. | the femoral and profunda femoris arteries are separated by adductor brevis |
| Answer» C. the femoral canal contains the lymph node of cloquet | |
| 195. |
The knee: |
| A. | the cruciate ligaments are intra-synovial |
| B. | the posterior cruciate ligament stabilises the flexed weight-bearing knee |
| C. | the posterior horn of the medial meniscus is attached to the intercondylar area of the tibia behind the posterior cruciate ligament |
| D. | the knee joint normally contains 5.0ml of synovial fluid |
| E. | active rotation may occur in the extended knee |
| Answer» B. the posterior cruciate ligament stabilises the flexed weight-bearing knee | |
| 196. |
Which one of the following muscles has a double nerve supply? |
| A. | rectus femoris |
| B. | sartorius |
| C. | pectineus |
| D. | adductor longus |
| E. | active rotation may occur in the extended knee |
| Answer» C. pectineus | |
| 197. |
Inversion and eversion of the foot take place MAINLY at the: |
| A. | ankle joint |
| B. | joints between the talus and calcaneus |
| C. | joint between calcaneus and navicular bone |
| D. | calcanocuboid joint |
| E. | inferior tibiofibular joint |
| Answer» B. joints between the talus and calcaneus | |
| 198. |
Which one of the following has a tendo that is intracapsular? |
| A. | plantaris |
| B. | popliteas |
| C. | rectus femoris |
| D. | psoas major |
| E. | peroneal longus |
| Answer» A. plantaris | |
| 199. |
The deltoid ligament belongs to the: |
| A. | ankle joint |
| B. | hip joint |
| C. | knee joint |
| D. | talocalcaneonavicular joint |
| E. | calcaneocuboid joint |
| Answer» A. ankle joint | |
| 200. |
Regarding superficial nerves of the anterior thigh |
| A. | The ilioinguinal nerve only supplies external genitalia |
| B. | The genitofemoral nerve supplies the skin over the femoral triangle |
| C. | The medial femoral cutaneous nerve arises from L3/4 |
| D. | The intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve supplies a small area of skin over the inguinal ligament |
| E. | The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve runs lateral to the anterior superior iliac spine |
| Answer» B. The genitofemoral nerve supplies the skin over the femoral triangle | |
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