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Chapter:

130+ Thorax Solved MCQs

in Anatomy

These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Uncategorized topics .

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Chapter: Thorax
101.

The oesophagus:

A. is supported inferiorly by a sling of fibres from the left crus of the diaphragm
B. has its narrowest part at the opening of the diaphragm
C. has a blood supply from inferior thyroid arteries, oesophageal branches of aorta and branches of left gastric artery
D. has no contact with thoracic vertebrae
E. is crossed on the right by the arch of the aorta and azygous vein
Answer» C. has a blood supply from inferior thyroid arteries, oesophageal branches of aorta and branches of left gastric artery
discuss
102.

Regarding the phrenic nerves, all of the following are true, EXCEPT:

A. each nerve provides motor supply to own half of diaphragm, left phrenic also supply half of right crus
B. the phrenic nerve is supplied by its own pericardiophrenic artery which accompanies it
C. the right phrenic nerve is in contact with venous structures throughout its course
D. the left phrenic nerve passes to the inferior surface of diaphragm through muscle
E. arising mainly from C4 in the neck, the nerve passes behind the anterior scalene
Answer» E. arising mainly from C4 in the neck, the nerve passes behind the anterior scalene
discuss
103.

Which of the following do not penetrate the diaphragm?

A. aorta
B. inferior vena cava
C. left phrenic nerve
D. right phrenic nerve
E. oesophagus
Answer» A. aorta
discuss
104.

With regard to the thorax:

A. pus behind the prevertebral fascia can gravitate to the posterior mediastinum
B. mediastinal tumours tend to project more into the left hilum than the right
C. pretracheal fascia blends with the pericardium anteriorly
D. pus from the cervical tracheal region may gravitate to the middle mediastinum
E. the arch of the aorta lies in the middle mediastinum
Answer» C. pretracheal fascia blends with the pericardium anteriorly
discuss
105.

The oesophagus:

A. contains smooth muscle in its upper third
B. lies posterior to the left atrium
C. is partly innervated by the phrenic nerve
D. passes through the central tendon at the level of T10 vertebrae
E. has no connective tissue attaching to the aorta
Answer» B. lies posterior to the left atrium
discuss
106.

With regard to the thoracic wall:

A. the intercostal vessels and nerves run between the external and internal intercostal muscles
B. all intercostal nerves have anterior and lateral cutaneous branches
C. the internal intercostals assist inspiration
D. both the manubriosternal and xiphisternal joints are synovial with discs
E. the upper ribs have ‘pump-handle’ movement NOT ‘bucket handle’ movement
Answer» E. the upper ribs have ‘pump-handle’ movement NOT ‘bucket handle’ movement
discuss
107.

Which of the following statements about the diaphragm is NOT true?

A. the oesophageal opening is at the T10 level
B. the aortic opening may also contain the azygous vein and thoracic duct
C. the right dome is higher than the left
D. the blood supply is from the pericardiophrenic artery
E. the vena caval opening is at T8
Answer» D. the blood supply is from the pericardiophrenic artery
discuss
108.

With regard to the cutaneous innervation of the thorax and abdomen:

A. above the 2nd rib, the skin is supplied by the cervical plexus (C4)
B. loss of a single spinal segment will produce a sensory deficit
C. it is supplied segmentally by the anterior primary rami of T1 to L1
D. T8 supplies skin at the level of the umbilicus
E. the lower eight thoracic nerves pass beyond the costal margin to supply the skin of the abdominal wall
Answer» A. above the 2nd rib, the skin is supplied by the cervical plexus (C4)
discuss
109.

With regard to the diaphragm, which is NOT true?

A. in full expiration, the right dome ascends to the level of the nipple
B. the central tendon lies at the level of the xiphisternal joint
C. the longest fibres arise from the 9th costal cartilage
D. the branches of the phrenic nerves run over the thoracic surface radially
E. it is pierced by inferior vena cava at T8 level and by oesophagus at T10 level
Answer» D. the branches of the phrenic nerves run over the thoracic surface radially
discuss
110.

The trachea:

A. bifurcates at a variable level according to respiration
B. is supplied by the superior thyroid arteries
C. commences at C5 level
D. is non elastic and is supported by cartilaginous rings
E. is in contact with the recurrent laryngeal nerve on the right
Answer» A. bifurcates at a variable level according to respiration
discuss
111.

Which is NOT located at the level of the lower border of T4 vertebra?

A. the most superior part of the arch of the aorta
B. azygous vein enters the superior vena cava
C. thoracic duct reaches the left side of the oesophagus as it ascends
D. ligamentum arteriosum
E. superficial and deep parts of the cardiac plexus
Answer» A. the most superior part of the arch of the aorta
discuss
112.

In the anatomical position, the heart:

A. has a right border comprised of right atrium and right ventricle
B. has an anterior (sternocostal) surface comprised of right atrium, right ventricle and a strip of left ventricle
C. has a posterior surface comprised of left atrium, four pulmonary veins and left ventricle
D. has an inferior (diaphragmatic) surface comprised of left atrium, inferior vena cava and right ventricle
E. all of the above are true
Answer» B. has an anterior (sternocostal) surface comprised of right atrium, right ventricle and a strip of left ventricle
discuss
113.

Which is NOT USUALLY supplied by the right coronary artery?

A. sinoatrial nodal artery
B. atrioventricular nodal artery
C. conus artery
D. right bundle of HIS
E. posterior part of the interventricular septum
Answer» D. right bundle of HIS
discuss
114.

With regard to lymphatic drainage in the thorax, which is NOT true?

A. the anterior intercostal spaces drain into parasternal nodes thence to brachiocephalic veins
B. mid-part of oesophagus drains to the paraaortic nodes beside the descending aorta
C. the lower posterior intercostal groups of nodes drain into cysterna chyli
D. the heart drains into the tracheobronchial nodes thence to mediastinal, lymph trunks
E. the mediastinal lymph trunks lie alongside the trachea
Answer» B. mid-part of oesophagus drains to the paraaortic nodes beside the descending aorta
discuss
115.

With regard to the oesophagus, which is NOT true?

A. the upper part is supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve
B. the upper third has skeletal muscle whereas the lower two thirds is smooth muscle
C. the narrowest part is where it passes through the diaphragm
D. oesophageal pain can be referred to the neck, arm and thoracic wall
E. pierces the diaphragm at the level of T10 vertebral body
Answer» C. the narrowest part is where it passes through the diaphragm
discuss
116.

With respect to the blood supply of the hearts, which answer is INCORRECT?

A. the left coronary artery and its branches are the main blood supply to the interventricular septum
B. the coronary sinus receives the great cardiac vein
C. anterior cardiac veins drain directly into the right atrium
D. the sinoatrial nodes is, in a majority of cases, supplied by the left coronary artery
E. the right coronary artery gives off a marginal branch at the inferior border of the heart
Answer» D. the sinoatrial nodes is, in a majority of cases, supplied by the left coronary artery
discuss
117.

With regard to the phrenic nerve:

A. its fibres are exclusively motor
B. it is predominantly sensory
C. the right phrenic nerve lies anterior to the right lung root
D. it divides into anterior posterior and medial divisions on the thoracic surface of the diaphragm
E. it divides into anterior posterior and medial divisions on the abdominal surface of the diaphragm
Answer» C. the right phrenic nerve lies anterior to the right lung root
discuss
118.

Regarding the cardiac veins:

A. the great cardiac vein accompanies the posterior descending interventricular artery
B. the middle cardiac vein ends in the right atrium
C. the anterior cardiac vein ends in the right atrium
D. the small cardiac vein accompanies the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery
E. the oblique veins of the left atrium end in the left atrium
Answer» C. the anterior cardiac vein ends in the right atrium
discuss
119.

With regard to the intercostal neurovascular bundle:

A. it maintains a close association with the superior posterior aspect of its own rib
B. it travels in a neurovascular plane between external and internal muscle layers
C. the artery has a longer course around the body wall than the nerve
D. the nerve is always inferior to the artery
E. the vein may travel below the nerve
Answer» D. the nerve is always inferior to the artery
discuss
120.

A needle inserted between the xiphoid process and 7th left intercostal cartilage for the purpose of pericardiocentesis passes through all the following structures EXCEPT:

A. central tendon of diaphragm
B. serous pericardium
C. rectus sheath
D. fibrous pericardium
E. pleura
Answer» E. pleura
discuss
121.

The parietal pleura in an average sized adult male:

A. projects 3cm above the medial third of the upper surface of the clavicle
B. projects 2cm beyond the thoracic outlet
C. projects 1cm above the inner border of the first rib
D. does not project above the upper surface of the clavicle
E. none of the above
Answer» A. projects 3cm above the medial third of the upper surface of the clavicle
discuss
122.

Regarding the chest wall:

A. the intercostal artery runs between the external and internal intercostal muscles
B. the muscles of outer thoracic wall layer are serratus posterior superior, serratus posterior inferior only
C. the 5th posterior intercostal vein, artery and nerve run on the lower border of the 5th rib
D. the order of structures in the intercostal space are artery, vein, nerve
E. the 1st intercostal nerve supplies skin over the anterior chest wall
Answer» C. the 5th posterior intercostal vein, artery and nerve run on the lower border of the 5th rib
discuss
123.

The azygous vein:

A. usually enters the right subclavian vein
B. only drains the middle third of the oesophagus
C. only drains part of the oesophagus and bronchial vein
D. passes forward anteriorly medial to the oesophagus from T3
E. arches over the right bronchus at left of T4 vertebra
Answer» E. arches over the right bronchus at left of T4 vertebra
discuss
124.

The trachea:

A. starts at the thyroid cartilage
B. bifurcates into the right and left bronchi behind the manubrium – sternal angle
C. passes through the posterior mediastinum
D. is not supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve
E. blood supply is from the superior thyroid artery
Answer» B. bifurcates into the right and left bronchi behind the manubrium – sternal angle
discuss
125.

In the thorax:

A. the inlet is bounded by the scapulae, clavicles and sternum
B. the inferior border of the superior mediastinum is level with T4
C. the right phrenic nerve passes through the oesophageal opening
D. the left phrenic nerve passes through the oesophageal opening
E. the thoracic duct passes through the canal opening
Answer» B. the inferior border of the superior mediastinum is level with T4
discuss
126.

The sternoclavicular joint:

A. is a simple synovial joint
B. is more likely to dislocate posteriorly than anteriorly
C. is supplied by the cervical plexus
D. undergoes weak active rotation due to the action of subclavius
E. owes most of its strength to a single band of fibres joining clavicle to sternal notch and manubrium
Answer» C. is supplied by the cervical plexus
discuss
127.

In the thorax:

A. the lungs are supported at the hilum by the pulmonary ligament
B. the right lung horizontal fissure lies at the 4th intercostal space
C. the parietal and visceral pleura have rich sensory innervation
D. the hilum of the lung lies at the level of theT7-8 vertebra
E. the dome of the lung rises above the medial one third of the clavicle
Answer» B. the right lung horizontal fissure lies at the 4th intercostal space
discuss
128.

In the mediastinum:

A. the pulmonary trunk divides anterior to the left main bronchus
B. the pulmonary trunk divides anterior to the carina
C. the left and right lung inferior lobes each have four segments
D. the upper lobe of the right lung reaches the 5th costochondral junction anteriorly in the rest position
E. the left lung inferior lobe has five segments and the right has four
Answer» A. the pulmonary trunk divides anterior to the left main bronchus
discuss
129.

In the coronary circulation:

A. the commonest arterial pattern is that of ‘left dominance’
B. the sinoatrial nodal artery arises from the left coronary artery in almost half the population
C. the anterior cardiac veins drain the left ventricle
D. the coronary sinus drains into the left atrium
E. the right coronary artery arises from the posterior aortic sinus
Answer» B. the sinoatrial nodal artery arises from the left coronary artery in almost half the population
discuss
130.

The aortic opening in the diaphragm transmits:

A. oesophageal-gastric lymphatics
B. branches of the left gastric artery
C. the left phrenic nerve
D. posterior vaginal plexus
E. azygous vein
Answer» E. azygous vein
discuss
131.

The azygous vein:

A. passes through the oesophageal hiatus of the diaphragm
B. crosses over the right bronchus at T6
C. drains into the left brachiocephalic vein
D. drains the lower eight intercostal spaces
E. drains the inferior third of the oesophagus
Answer» D. drains the lower eight intercostal spaces
discuss
132.

In the deepest intercostal muscle layer:

A. the subcostals line the rib cage at the side
B. fibres of the innermost intercostal group only span one intercostal space
C. fibres of the subcostals group only span one intercostal space
D. transversus thoracis fibres only arise from 2nd to 6th costal cartilages
E. the border of the subcostal muscle group meets the innermost intercostal groups, overlapping slightly so the intercostal artery can slip between them to join the intercostal nerve
Answer» D. transversus thoracis fibres only arise from 2nd to 6th costal cartilages
discuss

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