McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Biology .
Chapters
| 1. |
Regarding paraquat poisoning |
| A. | The interval between ingestion and death is usually hours because of immediate pulmonary toxicity |
| B. | Mechanism of action involves single electron oxidation of the herbicide to free radical species |
| C. | Probable human lethal dosage is 50-500mg/kg |
| D. | Oxygen high flow stops the pulmonary lesions occurring |
| E. | Paraquat doesn’t affect hepatic or renal functions |
| Answer» C. Probable human lethal dosage is 50-500mg/kg | |
| 2. |
Regarding NSAIDs |
| A. | Piroxicam has a half life of >50 hours |
| B. | Aspirin reversibly inhibits COX |
| C. | Diclofenac is a selective COX1 inhibitor |
| D. | Indomethacin is relatively free of adverse side effects |
| E. | Ibuprofen is predominantly excreted unchanged in the urine |
| Answer» A. Piroxicam has a half life of >50 hours | |
| 3. |
Regarding paracetamol (acetaminophen) |
| A. | Less than 5% is excreted unchanged |
| B. | Acetaminophen has no anti-inflammatory properties |
| C. | The half life of paracetamol is 2-3 hours |
| D. | Haemolytic anaemia has rarely been noted with paracetamol |
| E. | All of the above are true |
| Answer» E. All of the above are true | |
| 4. |
Regarding lead toxicity |
| A. | Lead can induce an anaemia that is macrocytic |
| B. | Young children absorb about 10% of ingested inorganic lead |
| C. | Lead induced peripheral neuropathy often involves upper limb extensors resulting in wrist drop |
| D. | High dose organic lead poisoning usually results in severe pneumonitis |
| E. | All patients with elevated blood lead levels should have chelation treatment whether symptomatic or not |
| Answer» C. Lead induced peripheral neuropathy often involves upper limb extensors resulting in wrist drop | |
| 5. |
Regarding agents used to treat gout |
| A. | As little as 8mg of colchicine taken over 24 hours may be fatal |
| B. | Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase stimulator |
| C. | Probenecid is an organic alkaline substance |
| D. | Colchicine may precipitate acute attacks of gout |
| E. | Aspirin is effective against gout as it inhibits urate crystal phagocytosis |
| Answer» A. As little as 8mg of colchicine taken over 24 hours may be fatal | |
| 6. |
All of the following may be seen in organophosphate poisoning EXCEPT |
| A. | Salivation |
| B. | Tachycardia |
| C. | Fibrillation of muscle fibres |
| D. | Bronchospasm |
| E. | Vomiting |
| Answer» B. Tachycardia | |
| 7. |
Regarding aspirin |
| A. | The average anti-inflammatory dose of aspirin is 0.6g up to 4 hourly |
| B. | Aspirin’s main side effect at usual doses is rash |
| C. | Aspirin’s antiplatelet effect lasts 8 – 10 days |
| D. | At low toxic doses – respiratory acidosis may occur |
| E. | Aspirin has a pka of 4.5 |
| Answer» C. Aspirin’s antiplatelet effect lasts 8 – 10 days | |
| 8. |
The main mechanism of action of colchicine is |
| A. | Inhibition of polymorphonuclear leucocytes |
| B. | Inhibition of synoviocyte phagocytosis |
| C. | Reduced formation of leukotriene D4 |
| D. | Inhibition of mononuclear phagocytes |
| E. | Decreasing the body pool of urate |
| Answer» A. Inhibition of polymorphonuclear leucocytes | |
| 9. |
Aspirin inhibits all of the following EXCEPT |
| A. | Cyclo oxygenase |
| B. | Recurrent miscarriages |
| C. | Protacyclin synthesis |
| D. | Kallikrein system |
| E. | Lipo oxygenase |
| Answer» E. Lipo oxygenase | |
| 10. |
Acetaminophen (paracetamol) can undergo all of the following biotransformation reactions EXCEPT |
| A. | Deamination |
| B. | N-oxidation |
| C. | Glucuronidation |
| D. | Sulphation |
| E. | Glutathione conjugation |
| Answer» A. Deamination | |
| 11. |
Aspirin |
| A. | Is hydrolysed to acetone and salicylate |
| B. | Exhibits first order kinetics with elimination in low doses |
| C. | Is mostly conjugated by the liver and excreted in the bile |
| D. | Reversibly blocks the cyclooxygenase enzyme |
| E. | Causes an immediate doubling of bleeding time |
| Answer» B. Exhibits first order kinetics with elimination in low doses | |
| 12. |
Regarding NSAIDs |
| A. | At high doses diclofenac demonstrates zero order kinetics |
| B. | Aspirin is a reversible inhibitor of cyclooxygenase |
| C. | Aspirin at doses of <2g/day reduces uric acid levels |
| D. | All NSAIDs can be found in synovial fluid after repeated dosing |
| E. | Use of ibuprofen and aspirin together increases the anti inflammatory effect |
| Answer» D. All NSAIDs can be found in synovial fluid after repeated dosing | |
| 13. |
The metabolic pathway of detoxification that becomes increasingly important in paracetamol toxicity is |
| A. | Conjugation with glucuronide |
| B. | Oxidation |
| C. | Reduction |
| D. | Cytochrome p-450 dependent glutathione conjugation |
| E. | Methylation |
| Answer» D. Cytochrome p-450 dependent glutathione conjugation | |
| 14. |
Which of the following NSAIDs has a t1/2 of about 1 hour |
| A. | Diclofenac |
| B. | Naproxen |
| C. | Piroxicam |
| D. | Indomethacin |
| E. | Ibuprofen |
| Answer» A. Diclofenac | |
| 15. |
Which of the following symptoms of aspirin toxicity occurs at plasma salicylate concentrations of 100mg/dl? |
| A. | Tinnitus |
| B. | Vasomotor collapse |
| C. | Metabolic acidosis |
| D. | Gastric intolerance |
| E. | Renal failure |
| Answer» C. Metabolic acidosis | |
| 16. |
All of the following drugs can cause a wide anion gap metabolic acidosis EXCEPT |
| A. | Lithium |
| B. | Methanol |
| C. | Cyanide |
| D. | Salicylates |
| E. | Isoniazid |
| Answer» A. Lithium | |
| 17. |
Which of the following drug overdoses may be amenable to the elimination technique of haemodialysis |
| A. | Calcium channel blockers |
| B. | Benzodiazepines |
| C. | Valproate |
| D. | Quinidine |
| E. | Opioids |
| Answer» C. Valproate | |
| 18. |
Which of the following antidote – drug pairings is INCORRECT |
| A. | Acetaminophen → n-acetyl cysteine |
| B. | β blockers → glucagon |
| C. | Opioids → naloxone |
| D. | Benzodiazepines → Flumazenil |
| E. | Tricyclic antidepressants → physostigmine |
| Answer» E. Tricyclic antidepressants → physostigmine | |
| 19. |
Regarding carbon monoxide poisoning |
| A. | CO has an affinity for Hb that is about 2000 times that of oxygen |
| B. | Hyperbaric oxygen is indicated as a treatment for all patients with CO Hb levels >20% |
| C. | The average concentration of CO in the atmosphere is about 0.1ppm |
| D. | With room air at 1atm the elimination half time of CO is about 80 minutes |
| E. | The foetus is resistant to the effects of CO exposure |
| Answer» C. The average concentration of CO in the atmosphere is about 0.1ppm | |
| 20. |
“Erethism” is seen in which of the following intoxications |
| A. | Lead |
| B. | Mercury |
| C. | Arsine gas |
| D. | Penicillamine |
| E. | Arsenic |
| Answer» B. Mercury | |
| 21. |
All of the following are NSAIDs EXCEPT |
| A. | Sulindac |
| B. | Piroxicam |
| C. | Gemfibrozil |
| D. | Ketorolac |
| E. | Diflunisal |
| Answer» C. Gemfibrozil | |
| 22. |
Drugs which enhance other drug metabolism include all of the following EXCEPT |
| A. | Rifampicin |
| B. | Ketoconazole |
| C. | Phenobarbital |
| D. | Griseofulvin |
| E. | Phenytoin |
| Answer» B. Ketoconazole | |
| 23. |
Which of the following has a high extraction ratio |
| A. | Trimethoprim |
| B. | Valproic acid |
| C. | Lignocaine |
| D. | Metronidazole |
| E. | Diazepam |
| Answer» C. Lignocaine | |
| 24. |
Heparin and protamine used together is an example of |
| A. | Physiologic antagonism |
| B. | Chemical antagonism |
| C. | Partial agonism |
| D. | Irreversible antagonism |
| E. | Agonal agonism |
| Answer» B. Chemical antagonism | |
| 25. |
The half life of a drug with a Vd of 200ml/70kg and clearance of 10ℓ/hr/70kg is |
| A. | 10 hours |
| B. | 14 hours |
| C. | 20 hours |
| D. | 40 hours |
| E. | Indeterminate |
| Answer» B. 14 hours | |
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