| 1. |
Research is................................... |
| A. | a purposeful, systematic activity |
| B. | conducted for purely academic purposes. |
| C. | conducted to answer questions about practical issues. |
| D. | a random, unplanned process of |
| Answer» A. a purposeful, systematic activity | |
| 2. |
The research is always |
| A. | verifying the old knowledge |
| B. | exploring new knowledge |
| C. | filling the gaps between the knowledge |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. all of the above | |
| 3. |
Research is |
| A. | searching again and again |
| B. | finding solution to any problem |
| C. | working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem | |
| 4. |
„Metaphysics‟ means |
| A. | a branch of physics |
| B. | exploring the nature of ultimate reality |
| C. | physics of metals |
| D. | physics of weather |
| Answer» B. exploring the nature of ultimate reality | |
| 5. |
Who authored the book “methods in Social Research” |
| A. | wilkinson |
| B. | cr kothari |
| C. | kerlinger |
| D. | goode and halt |
| Answer» D. goode and halt | |
| 6. |
“A systematic step-by-step Procedure following logical process of reasoning” called |
| A. | experiment |
| B. | observation |
| C. | deduction |
| D. | scientific method |
| Answer» D. scientific method | |
| 7. |
“Reasoning from general to particular “is called |
| A. | induction |
| B. | deduction |
| C. | observation |
| D. | experience |
| Answer» B. deduction | |
| 8. |
“Deduction and induction are a part of system of reasoning” – stated by |
| A. | caroline |
| B. | p.v.young |
| C. | dewey john |
| D. | emory |
| Answer» B. p.v.young | |
| 9. |
Social Science deals with……….. |
| A. | objects |
| B. | human beings |
| C. | living things |
| D. | non living things |
| Answer» B. human beings | |
| 10. |
The quality of research is judged by the |
| A. | relevance of research |
| B. | methodology adopted in conducting the research |
| C. | depth of research |
| D. | experience of researcher |
| Answer» B. methodology adopted in conducting the research | |
| 11. |
Information is….. |
| A. | raw data |
| B. | processed data |
| C. | input data |
| D. | organized data |
| Answer» D. organized data | |
| 12. |
Which of the following periodical is specifically meant for publishing research work? |
| A. | magazine |
| B. | monographs |
| C. | journals |
| D. | books |
| Answer» C. journals | |
| 13. |
Which of following description is true in context of defining „theory‟? |
| A. | an organized body of concepts and principles intended to explain a particular phenomenon |
| B. | tentative explanations that new data either support or do not support |
| C. | apt to drive further research |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. an organized body of concepts and principles intended to explain a particular phenomenon | |
| 14. |
Research can be conducted by a person who |
| A. | has studied research methodology |
| B. | holds a postgraduate degree |
| C. | possesses thinking and reasoning ability |
| D. | is a hard worker |
| Answer» C. possesses thinking and reasoning ability | |
| 15. |
The feasibility of a research study generally depends upon |
| A. | cost factor |
| B. | time required to conduct research |
| C. | skills set of the researcher |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. all of the above | |
| 16. |
The result of building up information from pieces of information is known as |
| A. | an analysis |
| B. | a synthesis |
| C. | a synopsis |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. a synthesis | |
| 17. |
A researcher is generally expected to |
| A. | study the existing literature in a field |
| B. | generate new principles and theories |
| C. | synthezise different ideas |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. generate new principles and theories | |
| 18. |
What do you consider as the main aim of interdisciplinary research? |
| A. | to bring out holistic approach to research |
| B. | to reduce the emphasis of single subject in research domain |
| C. | to oversimplify the problem of research |
| D. | to create a new trend in research methodology |
| Answer» A. to bring out holistic approach to research | |
| 19. |
One of the essential characteristics of research is |
| A. | replicability |
| B. | generalizability |
| C. | usability |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. generalizability | |
| 20. |
The depth of any research can be judged by |
| A. | title of the research |
| B. | objectives of the research |
| C. | total expenditure on the research |
| D. | duration of the research |
| Answer» B. objectives of the research | |
| 21. |
An important practical issue to consider while designing a research project is |
| A. | an interesting theoretical perspective |
| B. | add to knowledge of researcher only |
| C. | availability of time and other resources |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. availability of time and other resources | |
| 22. |
The two main approaches of a research are |
| A. | data collection and data analysis |
| B. | surveys and questionnaires |
| C. | sampling and data collection |
| D. | qualitative and quantitative |
| Answer» D. qualitative and quantitative | |
| 23. |
Qualitative research is |
| A. | without any specific purpose |
| B. | primarily concerned with in-depth exploration of phenomena |
| C. | deals with the collection and analysis of numerical data |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. primarily concerned with in-depth exploration of phenomena | |
| 24. |
A research paper is a brief report of research work based on |
| A. | primary data only |
| B. | secondary data only |
| C. | both primary and secondary data |
| D. | none of |
| Answer» C. both primary and secondary data | |
| 25. |
Fundamental research is usually carried out in |
| A. | classroom |
| B. | field setting |
| C. | laboratory conditions |
| D. | social setting |
| Answer» C. laboratory conditions | |
| 26. |
The research which is exploring new facts through the study of the past is called |
| A. | philosophical research |
| B. | historical research |
| C. | mythological research |
| D. | content |
| Answer» B. historical research | |
| 27. |
Action research is |
| A. | an applied research |
| B. | a research carried out to solve immediate problems |
| C. | a longitudinal research |
| D. | simulative research |
| Answer» B. a research carried out to solve immediate problems | |
| 28. |
The term „phenomenology‟ is associated with the process of |
| A. | qualitative research |
| B. | analysis of variance |
| C. | correlational study |
| D. | probability sampling |
| Answer» A. qualitative research | |
| 29. |
Books and records are the primary sources of data in |
| A. | historical research |
| B. | participatory research |
| C. | clinical research |
| D. | laboratory research |
| Answer» A. historical research | |
| 30. |
Fundamental research reflects the ability to |
| A. | synthesize new ideas |
| B. | expound new principles |
| C. | evaluate the existing material concerning research |
| D. | study the existing literature regarding various |
| Answer» B. expound new principles | |
| 31. |
Fieldwork-based researches are classified as |
| A. | empirical |
| B. | historical |
| C. | experimental |
| D. | biographical |
| Answer» A. empirical | |
| 32. |
Which of the following is not a longitudinal design? |
| A. | panel |
| B. | cross-sectional |
| C. | trend |
| D. | both a) and c) are longitudinal designs |
| Answer» B. cross-sectional | |
| 33. |
Which research paradigm is not much concerned about generalizing its findings? |
| A. | quantitative research |
| B. | qualitative research |
| C. | mixed research |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. qualitative research | |
| 34. |
Conference proceedings are considered as..................documents. |
| A. | conventional |
| B. | primary |
| C. | secondary |
| D. | tertiary |
| Answer» B. primary | |
| 35. |
Which scientific method is a top-down or confirmatory approach? |
| A. | deductive method |
| B. | inductive method |
| C. | hypothesis method |
| D. | pattern method |
| Answer» A. deductive method | |
| 36. |
An appropriate source to find out descriptive information is................ . |
| A. | bibliography |
| B. | directory |
| C. | encyclopaedia |
| D. | dictionary |
| Answer» C. encyclopaedia | |
| 37. |
Which scientific method follows these steps:
|
| A. | inductive |
| B. | deductive |
| C. | top-down |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. inductive | |
| 38. |
A correlational study determines |
| A. | the relationship between independent and dependent variable. |
| B. | impact of the observer on the participant |
| C. | cause-and-effect relationship |
| D. | the relationship between two events |
| Answer» D. the relationship between two events | |
| 39. |
Which of the following terms can be associated with research in social sciences? |
| A. | causal research |
| B. | empirical research |
| C. | correlational research |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» B. empirical research | |
| 40. |
The qualitative research is usually |
| A. | deductive in nature |
| B. | inductive in nature |
| C. | deductive or inductive in nature |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. inductive in nature | |
| 41. |
Which of the following types of research is associated with theory generating? |
| A. | inductive research |
| B. | deductive research |
| C. | both inductive and deductive |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. inductive research | |
| 42. |
Which scientific method focuses on test in hypothesis developed from theories? |
| A. | deductive method |
| B. | inductive method |
| C. | hypothesis method |
| D. | pattern method |
| Answer» A. deductive method | |
| 43. |
Which scientific method focuses on generating new hypothesis and theories? |
| A. | deductive method |
| B. | inductive method |
| C. | both a) and b) |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. inductive method | |
| 44. |
Which research method is most appropriate if a researcher is looking for a causal relationship? |
| A. | experimental method |
| B. | case study |
| C. | correlational study |
| D. | naturalistic observation |
| Answer» A. experimental method | |
| 45. |
A field experiment is one that takes place in |
| A. | real world |
| B. | laboratory |
| C. | both in real world and laboratory |
| D. | naturalistic environment |
| Answer» A. real world | |
| 46. |
Characteristics of the scientific method necessarily include |
| A. | lab experiments only |
| B. | controlled observation |
| C. | analysis formulation |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» B. controlled observation | |
| 47. |
Which of the following types of research is associated with theory testing? |
| A. | inductive research |
| B. | deductive research |
| C. | both inductive and deductive |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. deductive research | |
| 48. |
Research study that takes place over a long period of time is termed as |
| A. | cross-sectional research |
| B. | longitudinal research |
| C. | research methodology |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. longitudinal research | |
| 49. |
A research problem is feasible only when |
| A. | it has utility and relevance. |
| B. | it is researchable. |
| C. | it is new and adds something to the knowledge. |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. all of the above | |
| 50. |
The first step of research is |
| A. | selecting a problem |
| B. | searching a problem |
| C. | finding a problem |
| D. | identifying a problem |
| Answer» C. finding a problem | |
| 51. |
A good hypothesis should be |
| A. | precise, specific, and consistent with most known facts |
| B. | formulated in such a way that it can be tested by the data |
| C. | of limited scope and should not have global significance |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. all of the above | |
| 52. |
Hypothesis cannot be stated in |
| A. | null and question form terms |
| B. | declarative terms |
| C. | general terms |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. general terms | |
| 53. |
The accuracy of the research process depends upon the |
| A. | unbiased attitude of researchers |
| B. | the sample size |
| C. | the research method adopted |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. all of the above | |
| 54. |
Questionnaire is a : |
| A. | research method |
| B. | measurement technique |
| C. | tool for data collection |
| D. | data analysis technique |
| Answer» C. tool for data collection | |
| 55. |
A research plan |
| A. | should be detailed |
| B. | should be given to others for review and comments |
| C. | sets out the rationale for a research study |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. all of the above | |
| 56. |
While Selecting a problem, problem which is……………. is no taken |
| A. | very common |
| B. | overdone |
| C. | easy one |
| D. | rare |
| Answer» D. rare | |
| 57. |
The first step in formulating a problem is |
| A. | statement of the problem |
| B. | gathering of data |
| C. | measurement |
| D. | survey |
| Answer» B. gathering of data | |
| 58. |
………………..Second step in problem formulation is |
| A. | statement of the problem |
| B. | understanding the nature of the problem |
| C. | survey |
| D. | discussions |
| Answer» D. discussions | |
| 59. |
in the formulation of the problem we need to give a…………. |
| A. | title |
| B. | index |
| C. | bibliography |
| D. | concepts |
| Answer» A. title | |
| 60. |
Objectives in problem formulation means |
| A. | questions to be answered |
| B. | methods |
| C. | techniques |
| D. | methodology |
| Answer» A. questions to be answered | |
| 61. |
The problem selected must have |
| A. | speed |
| B. | facts |
| C. | values |
| D. | novelty |
| Answer» D. novelty | |
| 62. |
Formulated problem should have |
| A. | originality |
| B. | values |
| C. | coherence |
| D. | facts |
| Answer» A. originality | |
| 63. |
Which of the following is not the requirement of a hypothesis? |
| A. | be based on facts |
| B. | be conceivable |
| C. | contradict the knowledge of nature |
| D. | allow consequences to be deduced from it |
| Answer» C. contradict the knowledge of nature | |
| 64. |
“Controlled Group” is a term used in............... |
| A. | survey research |
| B. | historical research |
| C. | experimental research |
| D. | descriptive research |
| Answer» C. experimental research | |
| 65. |
To be confident that a cause-and-effect relationship exists, it is necessary to |
| A. | engage in naturalistic observation |
| B. | develop a positive correlation |
| C. | perform a controlled experiment |
| D. | test for a negative correlation |
| Answer» C. perform a controlled experiment | |
| 66. |
Which of the following statement is correct? |
| A. | objectives should be pin-pointed |
| B. | objectives can be written in statement or question forms |
| C. | another word for problem is variable |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» A. objectives should be pin-pointed | |
| 67. |
The process not needed in experimental research is |
| A. | observation |
| B. | manipulation and replication |
| C. | controlling |
| D. | reference collection |
| Answer» D. reference collection | |
| 68. |
The process not needed in experimental researches is |
| A. | observation |
| B. | manipulation |
| C. | controlling |
| D. | content analysis |
| Answer» D. content analysis | |
| 69. |
Which scale is the simplest form of measurement? |
| A. | nominal |
| B. | ordinal |
| C. | interval |
| D. | ratio |
| Answer» A. nominal | |
| 70. |
A satisfactory statistical quantitative method should not possess one of the following qualities: |
| A. | appropriateness |
| B. | measurability |
| C. | comparability |
| D. | flexibility |
| Answer» D. flexibility | |
| 71. |
A widely used format developed by Resins Likert is used for asking questions about |
| A. | attitude |
| B. | personality |
| C. | morale |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. attitude | |
| 72. |
Objectivity in research implies |
| A. | exact judgement of truth |
| B. | findings consistent with realty |
| C. | inter-researcher agreement |
| D. | methodological sophistication |
| Answer» B. findings consistent with realty | |
| 73. |
How can the objectivity of research be enhanced? |
| A. | through its impartiality |
| B. | through its reliability \\ |
| C. | through its validity |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. all of the above | |
| 74. |
Field study is related to |
| A. | real-life situations |
| B. | experimental situations |
| C. | laboratory situations |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. real-life situations | |
| 75. |
Which of the following is not a characteristic of research? |
| A. | research is systematic |
| B. | research is not a process |
| C. | research is problem oriented |
| D. | research is not passive |
| Answer» B. research is not a process | |
| 76. |
Which of the following terms is closely related to generalization of outcome of research? |
| A. | external validity |
| B. | inference |
| C. | both a) and b) |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. both a) and b) | |
| 77. |
A research instrument giving inconsistent results has |
| A. | low validity |
| B. | high validity |
| C. | low reliability |
| D. | high reliability |
| Answer» C. low reliability | |
| 78. |
Authenticity of research finding is its |
| A. | originality |
| B. | validity |
| C. | objectivity |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. all of the above | |
| 79. |
Manipulation is always a part of |
| A. | historical research |
| B. | fundamental research |
| C. | descriptive research |
| D. | experimental research |
| Answer» D. experimental research | |
| 80. |
An educated guess about what is controlling some behaviour is called |
| A. | experimental control |
| B. | a hypothesis |
| C. | an experimental variable |
| D. | a theory |
| Answer» B. a hypothesis | |
| 81. |
In a survey the number questions is |
| A. | unlimited |
| B. | limited |
| C. | both limited and unlimited |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. limited | |
| 82. |
What type of research would be least likely to include a research hypothesis? |
| A. | intervention research |
| B. | associational research |
| C. | descriptive research |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. descriptive research | |
| 83. |
A null hypothesis is |
| A. | when there is no difference between the variables |
| B. | the same as research hypothesis |
| C. | subjective in nature |
| D. | when there is difference between the variables |
| Answer» A. when there is no difference between the variables | |
| 84. |
Research hypothesis are |
| A. | a review of current research |
| B. | statements of predicted relationships between variables |
| C. | stated such that they can be confirmed or refuted |
| D. | both b and c |
| Answer» D. both b and c | |
| 85. |
Which of the following best describes the development process for a research question? |
| A. | a broad question is made more specific as terms are more clearly defined. |
| B. | a broad question is made more specific in order to be more significant. |
| C. | a specific question is broadened as terms are more clearly defined. |
| D. | a specific question is broadened in order to be more significant. |
| Answer» A. a broad question is made more specific as terms are more clearly defined. | |
| 86. |
Which of the following is not covered under Intellectual Property Rights ? |
| A. | copyrights |
| B. | patents |
| C. | trade marks |
| D. | thesaurus |
| Answer» D. thesaurus | |
| 87. |
A good hypothesis should be |
| A. | formulated in such a way that it can be tested by the data |
| B. | precise, specific, and consistent with most known facts |
| C. | of limited scope and should not have global significance |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» A. formulated in such a way that it can be tested by the data | |
| 88. |
Formulation of hypothesis may not be required in |
| A. | survey method |
| B. | historical studies |
| C. | experimental studies |
| D. | normative studies |
| Answer» B. historical studies | |
| 89. |
An operational definition is |
| A. | no relation to the underlying concept |
| B. | an abstract, theoretical definition of a concept |
| C. | in terms of specific, empirical measures |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. in terms of specific, empirical measures | |
| 90. |
What is the purpose of the conclusion in a research report? |
| A. | it explains how concepts were operationally defined and measured. |
| B. | it summarizes the key findings in relation to the research questions. |
| C. | it contains a useful review of the relevant literature. |
| D. | it outlines the methodological procedures that were employed. |
| Answer» B. it summarizes the key findings in relation to the research questions. | |
| 91. |
Which of the following is an advantage of stating hypothesis? |
| A. | it forces the researcher to think more deeply and specifically about the possible outcomes of a study |
| B. | it simplifies the study . |
| C. | it clarifies definitions . |
| D. | it reduces researcher bias. |
| Answer» A. it forces the researcher to think more deeply and specifically about the possible outcomes of a study | |
| 92. |
Formulation of hypothesis may not be necessary in |
| A. | survey studies |
| B. | fact finding historical research |
| C. | experimental studies |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. fact finding historical research | |
| 93. |
Which of the following is true in context of a hypothesis? |
| A. | it is a tentative proposition |
| B. | the validity of hypothesis is unknown |
| C. | it must be generalizable |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. all of the above | |
| 94. |
To test null hypothesis, a researcher uses |
| A. | t-test |
| B. | anova |
| C. | c 2 (chi-square test) |
| D. | factorial analysis |
| Answer» C. c 2 (chi-square test) | |
| 95. |
Attributes of objects, events, or things which can be measured are called |
| A. | qualitative measure |
| B. | data |
| C. | variables |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. variables | |
| 96. |
Which of the following can best be described as a categorical variable? |
| A. | age |
| B. | annual income |
| C. | grade point average |
| D. | religion |
| Answer» B. annual income | |
| 97. |
The experimental studies are based on |
| A. | the manipulation of the variables |
| B. | conceptual parameters |
| C. | replication of research |
| D. | survey of literature |
| Answer» A. the manipulation of the variables | |
| 98. |
,Fact is “empirically verifiable observation” --- is defined by |
| A. | good and hatt |
| B. | emory |
| C. | p.v.young |
| D. | clave |
| Answer» A. good and hatt | |
| 99. |
In research, something that does not „vary‟ is called a |
| A. | variable |
| B. | method |
| C. | constant |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. constant | |
| 100. |
We use factorial analysis |
| A. | to know the relationship between two variables |
| B. | to test the hypothesis |
| C. | to know the difference between two variables |
| D. | to know the difference among many |
| Answer» D. to know the difference among many | |