McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: General Knowledge (GK) .
| 1501. |
Which of the following is/are digestive enzymes? |
| A. | Trypsin |
| B. | Lipase |
| C. | Pepsin |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
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Explanation: All of the above are digestive enzymes and help in the breaking down of complex food particles into simple ones. These simple particles can be easily absorbed by the blood and thus transported to all the cells of the body. |
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| 1502. |
Which of the following does not act both as an exocrine gland and as an endocrine gland? |
| A. | Pituitary |
| B. | Pancreas |
| C. | Testis |
| D. | Ovary |
| Answer» A. Pituitary | |
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Explanation: Microcytic anaemia: anemia characterized by small red blood cells, due to deficiency of iron; Pernicious anaemia: body does not make enough red blood cells due to lack of vitamin B12; Goitre: swelling of the neck or larynx resulting from iodine deficiency; and Pellagra: chronic lack of niacin (vitamin B3). |
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| 1503. |
Which of the following is/are examples for symbiotic association? |
| A. | Algae - lichen |
| B. | Plant roots - rhizobium bacteria |
| C. | Both are right |
| D. | Both are wrong |
| Answer» C. Both are right | |
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Explanation: 0 |
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| 1504. |
Coupling and repulsion are the two states of – |
| A. | linkage |
| B. | chiasma |
| C. | mutation |
| D. | crossing over |
| Answer» A. linkage | |
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Explanation: Genetic linkage is the tendency of genes that are located proximal to each other on a chromosome to be inherited together during meiosis. The figure below depicts the gamete composition for linked genes from coupling and repulsion crosses: |
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| 1505. |
Stamens are fused with each other by their anthers and also with the petals in |
| A. | Leguminosae |
| B. | Liliaceae |
| C. | Compositae |
| D. | Euphorbiaceae |
| Answer» C. Compositae | |
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Explanation: The loose union of structure of the same whorl is called cohesion, but the intimate histological union is called conflation. When anthers are fused with each other, the condition is described as syngenesious e.g., Cornpositae, Lobeliaceae. This fusion is called cohesion. When there is fusion of stamens with petals, they are described as epipetalous e.g., Gamopetale. |
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| 1506. |
An organism which can monitor air pollution is – |
| A. | Bacteria |
| B. | Lichen |
| C. | Algae |
| D. | Fungi |
| Answer» B. Lichen | |
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Explanation: Lichens can be used as air pollution indicators, especially of the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere. Air pollutants dissolved in rainwater, especially sulfur dioxide, can damage lichens, and prevent them from growing. This makes lichens natural indicators of air pollution. |
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| 1507. |
In the human body, which of the following organs is responsible for water balance? |
| A. | Heart |
| B. | Liver |
| C. | Kidneys |
| D. | Lungs |
| Answer» C. Kidneys | |
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Explanation: The kidneys maintain our body's water balance by controlling the water concentration of blood plasma. The kidneys also control salt levels and the excretion of urea. |
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| 1508. |
The beetroot is the portion of the beet plant - |
| A. | tap root |
| B. | adventitious |
| C. | bulb of the stem |
| D. | rhizome |
| Answer» A. tap root | |
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Explanation: The beetroot is the taproot portion of the beet plant. Beet plant it is one of several of the cultivated varieties of Beta vulgar is grown for their edible taproots and their leaves (called beet greens). |
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| 1509. |
Chlorophyll contains – |
| A. | Iron |
| B. | Magnesium |
| C. | Cobalt |
| D. | Zinc |
| Answer» B. Magnesium | |
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Explanation: Chlorophyll molecule contains a magnesium ion. Green plants are dependent on chlorophyll for photosynthesis, and magnesium is required for chlorophyll production. |
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| 1510. |
Hydroponics is a method of culture of plants without using – |
| A. | water |
| B. | light |
| C. | sand |
| D. | soil |
| Answer» D. soil | |
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Explanation: Hydroponics is a method of growing plants using mineral nutrient solutions, in water, without soil. Plants are grown with their roots in the mineral nutrient solution only or in an inert medium, such as perlite, gravel, mineral wool, expanded clay pebbles or coconut husk. |
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| 1511. |
Natural system of classification was proposed by botanists. |
| A. | Indian |
| B. | German |
| C. | Swedish |
| D. | British |
| Answer» D. British | |
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Explanation: The best and a highly recognised natural system of classification was proposed by George Bentham and Sir Joseph Hooker, two great British botanists associated with .Royal Botanical Garden at Kew, in their General Plantar= (1862-1883). They classifled plants strictly on the basis of a natural scheme. This system is based not only on the characters of thereproductive organs and structural relationship, but all the other important characters are also taken into consideration and the plants are classified according to their related characters. |
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| 1512. |
The metal ion present in vitamin B12 is |
| A. | cobalt |
| B. | zinc |
| C. | nickel |
| D. | iron |
| Answer» A. cobalt | |
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Explanation: The structure of B12 is based on a corrin ring, which is similar to the porphyrin ring found in heme, chlorophyll, and cytochrome. It contains the biochemically rare element cobalt sitting in the center of the ring. Also called cobalamin, it is a water-soluble vitamin. |
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| 1513. |
Microbial degradation of nitrates into atmospheric nitrogen is known as- |
| A. | Ammonification |
| B. | Nitrification |
| C. | Denitrification |
| D. | Putrefaction |
| Answer» C. Denitrification | |
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Explanation: Denitrification is the biological conversion of nitrate to nitrogen gas, nitric oxide or nitrous oxide. It refers to nitrate reduction by bacterial species such as Pseudomonas and Clostridium, usually in anaerobic conditions that ultimately produces molecular nitrogen (N2). These bacteria use nitrate as an electron acceptor instead of oxygen during respiration. |
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| 1514. |
Study of organisms in relation to their environment is called – |
| A. | Ecology |
| B. | Zoology |
| C. | Entomology |
| D. | Paiynology |
| Answer» A. Ecology | |
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Explanation: Ecology is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and theirenvironment, such as the interactions organisms have with each other and with their abiotic environment. Topics of interest to ecologists include the diversity, distribution, amount (biomass), number (population) of organisms, as well as competition between them within and among ecosystems. |
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| 1515. |
Crossing-over occurs during |
| A. | Leptotene |
| B. | Zygotene |
| C. | Path ene |
| D. | Diplotene |
| Answer» C. Path ene | |
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Explanation: Chromosomal crossover (or crossing over) is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes that results in recombinant chromosomes. It is one of the final phases of genetic recombination, which occurs during prophase I of meiosis (pachytene) during a process called synapsis. |
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| 1516. |
Red rot of sugarcane is caused by – |
| A. | Alternaria altemata |
| B. | Phylophthora infestans |
| C. | Colletotrichurn falcatum |
| D. | Cercospora personata |
| Answer» C. Colletotrichurn falcatum | |
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Explanation: Red rot disease is caused by the fungus Glomerella tucumanensis. An older name, Colletotrichuni falcatum, is still preferred by some pathologists. Red rot occurs in various parts of the cane plant but it is usually considered a stalk and a seed-piece disease. Its symptoms are highly variable depending upon the susceptibility of the sugarcane variety and the environment. |
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| 1517. |
The fleshy thalamus is edible in – |
| A. | Apple |
| B. | Tomato |
| C. | Orange |
| D. | Mango |
| Answer» A. Apple | |
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Explanation: Apple is a porne, a simple, fleshy but false fruit as it is surrounded by a fleshy thalamus which is edible while actual fruit lies within. Other examples are pear, loquat, etc. |
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| 1518. |
Cactus is referred to as – |
| A. | Hydrophyte |
| B. | Mesophyte |
| C. | Xerophyte |
| D. | Epiphyte |
| Answer» C. Xerophyte | |
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Explanation: Cactus is a xerophyte as it specializes in surviving in hot and dry environments. Xerophytes are plants that are adapted to survive in an environment with little water, such as a desert or an ice- or snowcovered region in the Alps or the Arctic. |
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| 1519. |
How many neck canal cells are found in the archegonium of a fern? |
| A. | One |
| B. | Two |
| C. | Three |
| D. | Four |
| Answer» A. One | |
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Explanation: Archegonium is the female reproductive organ in ferns and mosses. The upper part of the archegonium, the neck, consists of four rows of cells containing central neck cells. The uppermost of the neck cells are the neck canal cells; the lowest cell is the ventral canal cell. It has one neck canal cell with two nuclei. |
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| 1520. |
Medicine of Quinine is provided by – |
| A. | Cinchona plant |
| B. | Money plant |
| C. | Eucalyptus plants |
| D. | Aconite plants |
| Answer» A. Cinchona plant | |
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Explanation: Quinine occurs naturally in the bark of the cinchona tree. It is a natural whitecrystalline alkaloid having antipyretic (fever- reducing), antimalarial, an-algesic (painkilling), and anti-inflammatory proper-ties. |
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| 1521. |
Process through which plants reproduce – |
| A. | Pollination |
| B. | Condensation |
| C. | Eating |
| D. | Evaporation |
| Answer» A. Pollination | |
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Explanation: Pollination is the process by which pollen is transferred from the anther (male part) to the stigma (female part) of the plant, thereby enabling fertilization and reproduction. This takes place in the angiosperms, the flower bearing plants. |
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| 1522. |
Widal test is used for the diagnosis of |
| A. | Salmonellosis |
| B. | Malaria |
| C. | Cholera |
| D. | Typhoid |
| Answer» D. Typhoid | |
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Explanation: The Widal, test is used to help make a presumptive diagnosis of enteric fever, also known as typhoid fever. Typhidot is the other test used to ascertain the diagnosis of typhoid fever. |
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| 1523. |
The pancreas secretes – |
| A. | Insulin |
| B. | Bile juice |
| C. | Peptic juice |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» A. Insulin | |
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Explanation: Functioning as an exocrine gland, the pancreas excretes enzymes to break down the proteins, lip-ids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids in food. Functioning as an endocrine gland, the pancreas secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon to control blood sugar levels throughout the day. |
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| 1524. |
The endangered species are listed in what colour data book? |
| A. | Black |
| B. | Red |
| C. | Green – |
| D. | Blue |
| Answer» B. Red | |
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Explanation: A Red Data Book contains lists of species whose continued existence is threatened. Species are classified into different categories of perceived risk. Each Red Data Book usually deals with a specific group of animals or plants (e, reptiles, insects, mosses). |
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| 1525. |
What is true about viruses without exception? |
| A. | They contain a core of RNA |
| B. | They can infect bacteria |
| C. | They cannot produce antibodies |
| D. | They can multiply only in host cells |
| Answer» D. They can multiply only in host cells | |
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Explanation: Viruses do not contain enzymes for energy production or protein synthesis. For a virus to multiply, it must invade a host cell and direct the host's metabolic machinery to produce viral enzymes, viral proteins, and copies of its nucleic acid, using the host cell's ATP to power the reactions. |
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| 1526. |
Bryophytes are often called as amphibian plant because they : |
| A. | appear like frog |
| B. | are found both in water and on land |
| C. | do not have habitat preference |
| D. | can eat insects |
| Answer» B. are found both in water and on land | |
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Explanation: Bryophytes are simple low growing plants, anchored to the ground or to tree bark by tiny filamentous rhizoids. |
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| 1527. |
DPT vaccine is administered to prevent diseases like: |
| A. | Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus |
| B. | Dengue, Pertussis and Typhoid |
| C. | Dengue, Polio and Tetanus |
| D. | Diphtheria, Pertussis and Typhoid |
| Answer» A. Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus | |
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Explanation: DPI' refers to a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus toxoid, and killed whole cells of the organism that causes pertussis. |
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| 1528. |
Vitamin E is particularly important for – |
| A. | development of teeth |
| B. | carbohydrate metabolism |
| C. | normal activity of sex glands |
| D. | general health of epithelial tissues |
| Answer» C. normal activity of sex glands | |
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Explanation: Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that helps improve circulation. Apart from sexual desire itself, circulation is the most important component of sexual function. Good bodily circulation is mandatory for a good sex life. A deficiency in vitamin E can cause anemia, or a low red blood cell count, which affects your body's ability to produce sex hormones that promote reproductive system function. |
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| 1529. |
Mushroom cultivation is not useful in |
| A. | Biogas production |
| B. | Biological control of crop diseases |
| C. | Recycling of agricultural wastes |
| D. | Preventing cancer |
| Answer» B. Biological control of crop diseases | |
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Explanation: Mushroom cultivation has been found to coincide with decrease of incidents of breast cancer. Spent residues after cultivation could be a better source of bio-logically pretreated substrates for biogas production; andagricultural waste recycling can be achieved through controlled cultivation of mushrooms. |
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| 1530. |
Blubber is - |
| A. | a milky secretion of rubber plant |
| B. | a layer of thick fat |
| C. | a device to trap insects by some aquatic |
| D. | fungal infection of rice plants |
| Answer» B. a layer of thick fat | |
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Explanation: Blubber is a thick layer of vascularized adipose tissue found under the skin. Lipid-rich, collagen fiberlaced blubber comprises the hypodermis and covers the whole body, except for parts of the appendages, strongly attached to the musculature and skeleton by highly organized, fan-shaped networks of tendons and ligaments. It can comprise up to 50% of the body mass of some marine mammals during some points in their lives. |
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| 1531. |
Which of the following is correct? |
| A. | Osteology is the study of bones |
| B. | Philately is the study of coins |
| C. | Limnology is the study of oceans |
| D. | Ethology is the study of human races |
| Answer» A. Osteology is the study of bones | |
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Explanation: A subdiscipline of anatomy, anthropology, and archaeology, osteology is a detailed study of the structure of bones, skeletal elements, teeth, microbone morphology, function, disease, pathology, the process of ossification (from cartilaginous molds), the resistance and hardness of bones (biophysics), etc. |
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| 1532. |
The main function of white blood cells in the body is to - |
| A. | carryoxygen |
| B. | help in clot formation |
| C. | produce more red cells |
| D. | protect body against diseases |
| Answer» D. protect body against diseases | |
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Explanation: White blood cells, or leukocytes are cells of the immune system involved in defending the body against both infectious disease and-foreign materials. They are produced and derived from a multipotent cell in the bone marrow known as a hematopoietic stem cell. They live for about three to four days in the average human body. Leukocytes are found throughout the body, including the blood and lymphatic system. |
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| 1533. |
The expansion for AIDS is - |
| A. | Active Immuno Deficiency Syndrome |
| B. | Acquired Individual Disease Syndrome |
| C. | Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome |
| D. | Acquired Immuno Disease Syndrome |
| Answer» C. Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome | |
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Explanation: Human immunodeficiency virus infection I acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HW is transmitted primarily via unprotected sexual intercourse (including anal and even oral sex), contaminated blood transfusions and hypodermic needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy. delivery, or breastfeeding. There is no cure or vaccine; however, antiretroviral treatment can slow the course of the disease and may lead to a near-normal life expectancy. |
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| 1534. |
The orange colour of carrot is because of – |
| A. | it grows in the soil |
| B. | Carotene |
| C. | it is not exposed to sun-light |
| D. | the entire plant is orange in colour |
| Answer» B. Carotene | |
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Explanation: The carrot gets its characteristic, bright orange colour from beta-carotene and lesser amounts of carotene, carotene, lutein and zeaxan thin. |
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| 1535. |
Ginger is a stem and not a root because |
| A. | It stores food material |
| B. | It grows horizontally in the soil |
| C. | It has nodes and internodes |
| D. | It lacks chlorophyll |
| Answer» C. It has nodes and internodes | |
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Explanation: Ginger is a modified stem. A rhizome to be exact. A rhizome is a thick horizontally growing stem which usually stores food material. It has nodes and internodes, scale leaves, axillary buds, adventitous roots and a terminal bud. Scale leaves enclosing the axillary buds are seen arising from the nodal points of the stem. Some of the axillary buds develop into branches which grow upwards into the air and then produce normal green foliage leaves. Usually the growing points of the rhizome continue to remain underground causing an elongation of the rhizome. Roots develop from the lower surface of the rhizome. Eg. Ginger, Turmeric. |
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| 1536. |
Adherent mucoid alkaline substance covering the inner lining of stomach is to - |
| A. | digest starch |
| B. | act against bacteria |
| C. | prevent the action of pepsin of mucosa |
| D. | prevent viral infection |
| Answer» C. prevent the action of pepsin of mucosa | |
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Explanation: The continuous adherent mucus layer is also a barrier to luminal pepsin, thereby protecting the underlying mucosa from proteolytic digestion. The primary function of the adherent mucus gel layer is a structural one to create a stable, unstirred layer to support surface neutralization of acid and act as a protective physical barrier against luminal pepsin. |
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| 1537. |
Which of the following processes are associated with plants during dark period? |
| A. | Photosynthesis and respiration |
| B. | Respiration and transpiration |
| C. | Transpiration and conduction |
| D. | Conduction and respiration |
| Answer» D. Conduction and respiration | |
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Explanation: Conduction is the process by which vital nutrients are transported to the different parts of a plant. This process is independent of the light factor. Respiration process in plants is the intake of carbon-dioxide and exhales oxygen during the day as the plants gets energy through the photosynthesis process in which the carbon-dioxide is converted into sugars using the sun light energy, as this process uses carbon-dioxide and water, the resulting gas oxygen is given out as a waste product. During the night, as the photosynthesis process cannot be happening without sun, so it exhales the carbon-dioxide itself. |
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| 1538. |
Two richest known sources of edible protein are - |
| A. | meat and eggs |
| B. | milk and vegetables |
| C. | soyabean and groundnut |
| D. | some type of algae and other micro- organisms |
| Answer» C. soyabean and groundnut | |
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Explanation: The richest sources of protein are animal foods such as chicken, meat, fish, cheese and eggs. However, plant proteins are believed to be healthier because of their lower fat content. |
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| 1539. |
Reserpine is used to - |
| A. | reduce high blood pressure |
| B. | increase blood pressure when it is low |
| C. | alleviate pain |
| D. | cure arthritis |
| Answer» A. reduce high blood pressure | |
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Explanation: Reserpine (Lannett's Serpalan) is an indole alkaloid antipsychotic and antihypertensive drug that has been used for the control of high blood pressure. The |
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| 1540. |
Vitamin E is particularly important for |
| A. | development of teeth |
| B. | carbohydrate metabolism |
| C. | normal activity of sex glands |
| D. | general health of epithelial tissues |
| Answer» C. normal activity of sex glands | |
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Explanation: Vitamin E is an antioxidant that protects body tissue from damage caused by substances called free radicals. Free radicals can harm cells, tissues, and organs. They are believed to play a role in certain conditions related to aging. The body also needs vitamin E to help keep the immune system strong against viruses and bacteria. Vitamin E is also important in the formation of red blood cells and it helps the body use vitamin K. It also helps widen blood vessels and keep blood from clotting inside them. |
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| 1541. |
What happens to a person who receives the wrong type of blood? |
| A. | All the arteries constrict |
| B. | All the arteries dialates |
| C. | The RBCs agglutinate |
| D. | The spleen and lymphnodes deteriorate |
| Answer» C. The RBCs agglutinate | |
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Explanation: Red blood cell agglutination indicates clumping of RBC's due to cold agglutinins which are most commonly IgM antibodies. These antibodies cross-link red cells, which causes overlapping (arrow) and loss of central pallor. The agglutination leads to reduction in red cell count, elevation in MCH and MCV as measured by automated instruments. Hernagglu-tination is when the particles involved are red blood cells. The agglutin is called hemagglutinin.. |
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| 1542. |
Maximum photosynthetic activity occurs in - |
| A. | blue and red region of light |
| B. | green and yellow region of light |
| C. | blue and orange region of light |
| D. | violet and orange region of light |
| Answer» A. blue and red region of light | |
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Explanation: Wavelength of light between 400 nm and 700 nm is most effective for photosynthesis. This light is called photo synthetically active radiation (PAR). Comparatively more photosynthesis occurs is red and blue regions though others have significant net photosynthesis. Light has maximum efficiency in red and minimum in blue region. In both these regions light is absorbed by chlorophylls. |
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| 1543. |
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is a therapy used - |
| A. | to cure lung cancer |
| B. | to cure AIDS |
| C. | to cure fractures in bones |
| D. | to detect antibodies and hormones present in the blood samples |
| Answer» D. to detect antibodies and hormones present in the blood samples | |
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Explanation: Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is a very sensitive in vitro assay technique used to measure concentrations of antigens (for example, hormone levels in the blood) by use of antibodies. As such, it can be seen as the inverse of a radio binding assay, which quantifies an antibody by use of corresponding antigens. Although the RIA technique is extremely sensitive and extremely specific, requiring specialized equipment, it remains the least expensive method to perform such tests. It requires special precautions and licensing, since radioactive substances are used. Today it has been supplanted by the ELISA method. |
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| 1544. |
Fat soluble vitamins are – |
| A. | Tocopherol, Niacin, Cyanocobalamin |
| B. | Calciferol, Carotene, Tocopherol |
| C. | Ascorbic acid, Calciferol, Riboflavin |
| D. | Thiamine, Carotene, Biotin |
| Answer» B. Calciferol, Carotene, Tocopherol | |
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Explanation: Calciferol (Vitamin D): Tocopherols and tocotrienols (Vitamin E); Phylloquinone, menaquinones (Vitamin K); and Retinol, retinal, and four carotenoids including beta carotene (Vitamin Al are all fat soluble vitamins. |
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| 1545. |
What is "ALZHEIMER'S" disease? |
| A. | It is a disorder of the brain |
| B. | It affects liver |
| C. | It affects kidney |
| D. | It affects human immune system |
| Answer» A. It is a disorder of the brain | |
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Explanation: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurologic disease of the brain leading to the irreversible loss of neurons and the loss of intellectual abilities, including memory and reasoning, which become severe enough to impede social or occupational functioning. Alzheimer's disease is also known as simply Senile Dementia. |
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| 1546. |
Grey hair is caused due to – |
| A. | aging of epidermal cells |
| B. | death of dermal cells |
| C. | loss of sebum in epidermal cells |
| D. | loss of melanin in epidermal cells |
| Answer» D. loss of melanin in epidermal cells | |
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Explanation: loss of melanin in epidermal cells. |
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| 1547. |
Stomatal opening is based on |
| A. | Exosrnosis |
| B. | Endosmosis |
| C. | Plasmolysis in guard cells |
| D. | Decrease in concentration of cell sap |
| Answer» B. Endosmosis | |
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Explanation: According to the K+ ion theory the guard cells absorb K+ ions from the cells around them as they produce ATP (due tophotosynthesis) and become hypertonic. This leads to absorption of water from nearby cells by endosmosis due to which the guard cells become turgid and the stomata opens. Decreasing light intensity and photosynthesis causes Stomatal closing. |
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| 1548. |
Optics is the study of: |
| A. | Nature and properties of light |
| B. | Old age, its phenomenon, disease etc |
| C. | Disease of the nervous system |
| D. | Symbolic representations |
| Answer» A. Nature and properties of light | |
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Explanation: Optics is the branch of physics which involves the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter. Optics usually describes the behavior of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light. |
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| 1549. |
Bakeries use yeast in bread-making because it – |
| A. | makes the bread hard |
| B. | makes the bread soft and spongy |
| C. | enhances the food values |
| D. | keeps the bread fresh |
| Answer» B. makes the bread soft and spongy | |
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Explanation: Bread is usually made from wheat-flour dough that is cultured with yeast, allowed to rise, and finally baked in an oven. The fermentation due to yeast makes the bread soft and spongy. |
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| 1550. |
The elements known as primary nutrients for plants |
| A. | Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium |
| B. | Nitrogen, Oxygen and Silicon |
| C. | Potassium, Boron and Nitrogen |
| D. | Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Iron |
| Answer» A. Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium | |
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Explanation: Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) are considered as the threeessential or primary nutrients for plants. Together they make up the trio known as NPK. Other important nutrients are calcium, magnesium and sulfur. Plants also need small quantities of iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron and molybdenum, known as trace elements |
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