McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Uncategorized topics .
| 1. |
The Secretin hormone: |
| A. | Is secreted by the pancrease. |
| B. | Is released by the pyloric mucosa. |
| C. | Contracts the gall bladder wall. |
| D. | Increases the pancreatic Secretion of water and HCO3-. |
| Answer» D. Increases the pancreatic Secretion of water and HCO3-. | |
| 2. |
I nhibition of the myenteric plexus leads to which of the following? |
| A. | Increased Secretion of Secretin from the duodenum. |
| B. | Decreased gut motility. |
| C. | Hyperacidity in the stomach. |
| D. | Diarrhea. |
| Answer» B. Decreased gut motility. | |
| 3. |
the Secretion of gastrin cease(stop): |
| A. | When the stomach is distended by meal. |
| B. | When the PH of the gastric content is Decreased below 2. |
| C. | If the fundic mucosa is anaesthesiz |
| Answer» B. When the PH of the gastric content is Decreased below 2. | |
| 4. |
Stimulation of sub mucosal plexus result in an Increase in which of the following? |
| A. | motility of the gut. |
| B. | Secretion of the gut. |
| C. | sphincter tone. |
| D. | stomach PH. |
| Answer» B. Secretion of the gut. | |
| 5. |
About the GIT hormones affecting gastric function: |
| A. | CCK and Secretin Increase both gastric Secretion and motility. |
| B. | gastrin Secretion is Stimulated by the digestive products of fat. |
| C. | gastrin inhibits gastric Secretion and delay gastric emptying. |
| D. | GIP and VIP inhibit gastric Secretion. |
| Answer» D. GIP and VIP inhibit gastric Secretion. | |
| 6. |
Cholecystokinin: |
| A. | Release is Stimulated by protein hydrolysates in the lumen of the small intestine. |
| B. | Is released from gastric mucosal cells. |
| C. | Release is Stimulated by distension of the colon. |
| D. | A and C are correct. |
| Answer» A. Release is Stimulated by protein hydrolysates in the lumen of the small intestine. | |
| 7. |
Amajor part of the gall bladder contractions are due to: |
| A. | sympathetic contraction OF the viscus. |
| B. | The overfilling of the gall bladder with bile. |
| C. | The rate of cholesterol synthesis and excretion by the liver. |
| D. | A hormone synthesized by duodenal mucosa . |
| Answer» D. A hormone synthesized by duodenal mucosa . | |
| 8. |
The major factor that Stimulates the release of Secretin into the blood stream is: |
| A. | An acid PH of the chyme entering the duodenum. |
| B. | The para sympathetic StimulI. |
| C. | Peptones in the gastric chyme that enter the duodenum. |
| D. | A stomach full of digested contents. |
| Answer» A. An acid PH of the chyme entering the duodenum. | |
| 9. |
It is known that gastrin: |
| A. | It is a large protein molecule ,somewhat similar in size to pepsin. |
| B. | Is not secreted by empty stomach when peristaltic movements may be quite forceful. |
| C. | Reaches the secretory cells of the fundus of the stomach through the blood and not through the lumen. |
| D. | Promotes the secretion of pepsin, but not that of HCL. |
| Answer» C. Reaches the secretory cells of the fundus of the stomach through the blood and not through the lumen. | |
| 10. |
It is known that secretin: |
| A. | It is a large protein hormone synthesized by the pancreas,together with pancreozymin. |
| B. | Is a small polypeptide synthesized by the intestinal mucosa . |
| C. | Neutralizes directly the acid chyme that passes through the pylorus. |
| D. | Has an optimal activity at a PH equal to 8.4. |
| Answer» B. Is a small polypeptide synthesized by the intestinal mucosa . | |
| 11. |
Secretin IS released by: |
| A. | Acid in the duodenum. |
| B. | Acid in the urine. |
| C. | S cells in the duodenal mucosa. |
| D. | Distension of the colon. |
| Answer» C. S cells in the duodenal mucosa. | |
| 12. |
Concerning the gastrin hormone: |
| A. | It is Secreted at the pyloric antrum and reaches the fundus tohrough the gastric lumen. |
| B. | It Promotes the secretion of pepsin, but not HCL. |
| C. | Its Secretion Stimulated by secretin and GIP. |
| D. | It is structurally similar to CCK . |
| Answer» D. It is structurally similar to CCK . | |
| 13. |
About the GIP,all the following are true except: |
| A. | It is secreted from the duodenal mucosa. |
| B. | It has +ve feedback effect on gastric Secretion and motility. |
| C. | Its release is Stimulated by presence of excess fat. |
| D. | It inhibit both gastric Secretion and motility. |
| Answer» C. Its release is Stimulated by presence of excess fat. | |
| 14. |
The GIT hormone are characterized by all the following except: |
| A. | They are secreted by APUD system and are divided into 2 families on The basis of their structural similarity. |
| B. | They are secreted in response to specific physiological Stimuli during digestion. |
| C. | Their effects are abolished by cutting the nervous connections of GIT. |
| D. | They affect areas in GIT that may be far away from the sites of their release. |
| Answer» C. Their effects are abolished by cutting the nervous connections of GIT. | |
| 15. |
About the GRP,all the followings are true except: |
| A. | It inhibit the intestinal motility.(through librating gastrin). |
| B. | It increase the gastric secretion . .(through librating gastrin). |
| C. | It increase the pancreatic secretion . .(through librating gastrin). |
| D. | It is found in the hypothalamus.(in addition to GIT) |
| Answer» A. It inhibit the intestinal motility.(through librating gastrin). | |
| 16. |
all the followings are correct about gastrin except: |
| A. | It is stimulated by distension of antrum. |
| B. | It is stimulated by insulin induced hypoglycemia. |
| C. | Its secretion is increased by secretin. |
| D. | none |
| Answer» C. Its secretion is increased by secretin. | |
| 17. |
Apatient with trigeminal lesion would have the greatest difficulty with which of the following? |
| A. | Swallowing. |
| B. | Chewing. |
| C. | Receptive relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter |
| D. | Secondary prestalsis in the esophagus. |
| Answer» B. Chewing. | |
| 18. |
Mastication: |
| A. | Is entirely a voluntary act. |
| B. | Includes both voluntary and reflex components. |
| C. | Is performed by muscles supplied by 7th (facial nerve). |
| D. | It is normally initiated by conditioned reflexes. |
| Answer» B. Includes both voluntary and reflex components. | |
| 19. |
Man is unable to digest dietary: |
| A. | GLYCOGEN. |
| B. | Dextrin. |
| C. | Saccharose. |
| D. | Cellulose. |
| Answer» D. Cellulose. | |
| 20. |
The salivary amylase: |
| A. | Is also called ptyalin and it is beta amylase. |
| B. | Is the only amylase in GIT. |
| C. | Digest mainly cooked starch. |
| D. | Is activated by either HCL or ca++ |
| Answer» C. Digest mainly cooked starch. | |
| 21. |
During the chewing of a bolus of food, but before Swallowing, salivary secretion ,gastric secretion and pancreatic secretion are stimulated by which the following? |
| A. | Acetylecholine,gastrin,histamine. |
| B. | Acetylecholine,CCK,nitric oxide. |
| C. | Nitric oxide,VIP, histamine. |
| D. | VIP, gastrin,Somatostatin. |
| Answer» A. Acetylecholine,gastrin,histamine. | |
| 22. |
Thesalivary secretion: |
| A. | Is rich in glucose. |
| B. | Is Produced by a nervous mechanism Only. |
| C. | digests starch to glucose. |
| D. | Has the largest volume relative to other digestive juices. |
| Answer» B. Is Produced by a nervous mechanism Only. | |
| 23. |
About salivary glands, which of the following statement is true? |
| A. | T heir secretion is mainly under hormonal control. |
| B. | The sym . system is the Only natural pathway for stimulatation of their secretion. |
| C. | Both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves stimulate t heir secretion. |
| D. | Bradykinin decrease their blood flow rate. |
| Answer» C. Both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves stimulate t heir secretion. | |
| 24. |
The saliva (true or false)? |
| A. | Contains no organic substances. |
| B. | Is markedly increase in amount after sympathetic stimulatation. |
| C. | secretion is increased after injection of atropine. |
| D. | secreted by submandibular glands is about 70%of the total secretion . |
| Answer» D. secreted by submandibular glands is about 70%of the total secretion . | |
| 25. |
The presentation of a bolus of solid food to the mouth: |
| A. | stimulates taste buds. |
| B. | Is usually followed by Mastication. |
| C. | Reflexively stimulates The salivary glands. |
| D. | All are correct. |
| Answer» D. All are correct. | |
| 26. |
The salivary secretion (true or false)? |
| A. | Has a serous component. |
| B. | Has a mucous component. |
| C. | A and B are correct. |
| D. | It is largely under hormonal control. |
| Answer» C. A and B are correct. | |
| 27. |
The salivary secretion: |
| A. | Is stimulated by most GIT hormones specially gastrin. |
| B. | I s essential for complete digestion of starch. |
| C. | Increases more by sweet than by bitter substances. |
| D. | Markedly Increases by parasympathetic stimulatation. |
| Answer» D. Markedly Increases by parasympathetic stimulatation. | |
| 28. |
Salivation can become a conditioned reflex .This suggests that: |
| A. | Pleasant taste sensation are not related to the reflex . |
| B. | Only salivatory nuclei in the brainstem need to be excited by taste sensation without participation of suprasegmental influences. |
| C. | The cerebral cortex partially controls salivation. |
| D. | salivation could be completely interrupted in a decorticate animal whose tongue is mechanically stimulated. |
| Answer» C. The cerebral cortex partially controls salivation. | |
| 29. |
Saliva is characterized by all the following except: |
| A. | Its concentration of K+ is the same as that in plasma. |
| B. | Its Na+&Clconcentration are lower than those in plasma. |
| C. | Its osmotic pressure and PH are lower than their corresponding values in plasma. |
| D. | It exerts antibacterial action. |
| Answer» A. Its concentration of K+ is the same as that in plasma. | |
| 30. |
which of the following statements about salivary secretion is untrue? |
| A. | saliva contains digestive enzymes. |
| B. | saliva has important antiseptic action. |
| C. | It is largely under hormonal control. |
| D. | none |
| Answer» C. It is largely under hormonal control. | |
| 31. |
which of the following statements about salivary secretion is untrue? |
| A. | ) saliva has constant composition regardless the rate of secretion. |
| B. | The submandibular glands secrets about 70%of the total secretion . |
| C. | The buccal phase of salivary secretion is due to unconditioned reflex. |
| D. | none |
| Answer» A. ) saliva has constant composition regardless the rate of secretion. | |
| 32. |
The pharyngeal phase of Swallowing: |
| A. | Can be voluntairly inhibited. |
| B. | Involves closure of larynx by the vocal cord. |
| C. | Is associated with lowering of the soft palate. |
| D. | Is accompanied by deep inspiration. |
| Answer» B. Involves closure of larynx by the vocal cord. | |
| 33. |
The act of Swallowing is associated with: |
| A. | Concurrent inhibition of respiration. |
| B. | Opening of the glottis. |
| C. | Movement of food into the nasopharynx. |
| D. | upper esophageal sphincter constriction when food placed in contact with the anterior pillars of the pharynx. |
| Answer» A. Concurrent inhibition of respiration. | |
| 34. |
during which stage of Swallowing is respiration inhibited? |
| A. | Voluntary stage. |
| B. | pharyngeal stage. |
| C. | Esophageal stage. |
| D. | Postprandial stage. |
| Answer» B. pharyngeal stage. | |
| 35. |
Deglutition (Swallowing): |
| A. | Is a complicated act requiring the precise coordination of many muscle group. |
| B. | Is an automatic function of smooth muscle. |
| C. | Is associated with a lowering of hard palate to prevent reflux of food into the nasopharynx. |
| D. | Does not require relaxation of cricopharyngeal muscle. |
| Answer» A. Is a complicated act requiring the precise coordination of many muscle group. | |
| 36. |
During a normal Swallowing sequences ,the smooth muscle which surrounds the gastro esophageal junction. |
| A. | Remains tonically constricted until the bolus arrives at this junction. |
| B. | Relaxes even before the oncoming peristaltic wave has arrived. |
| C. | constricts further on the passing bolus and allows a gradual esophageal emptying. |
| D. | Is never constrict at all , and has no participation of any kind in the Swallowing process. |
| Answer» B. Relaxes even before the oncoming peristaltic wave has arrived. | |
| 37. |
Select a single incorrect answer about Swallowing: |
| A. | Reflex apnea occurs during the pharyngeal phase. |
| B. | the buccal phase of swallowing is voluntary. |
| C. | Food is prevented from entering the nose during swallowing by elevation of epiglottis. |
| D. | none |
| Answer» C. Food is prevented from entering the nose during swallowing by elevation of epiglottis. | |
| 38. |
Esophageal peristalsis: |
| A. | Is stimulated by A.CH. |
| B. | Is initiated by vagal reflexs. |
| C. | Can be caused by distension of the esophagus. |
| D. | All are correct. |
| Answer» D. All are correct. | |
| 39. |
The musculature of the esophagus below the pharynx is: |
| A. | Smooth only. |
| B. | Mainly striated. |
| C. | Incapable of peristalsis in absence of impulses from the Swallowing center. |
| D. | Primarily innervated by spinal nerves. |
| Answer» B. Mainly striated. | |
| 40. |
Secondary esophageal peristalsis: |
| A. | Is preceded by an oral- pharyngeal phase of Swallowing . |
| B. | Involves activation of medullary Swallowing centers . |
| C. | Is accompanied by lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. |
| D. | Occurs in both skeletal and smooth muscle portions of the esophagus. |
| Answer» C. Is accompanied by lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. | |
| 41. |
In contrast to Secondary esophageal peristalsis,primary esophageal peristalsis characterized by which of the following statements? |
| A. | It does not involve relaxation of The lower esophageal sphincter. |
| B. | It involves only contraction of esophageal smooth muscle. |
| C. | It is not influenced by intrinsic nervous system. |
| D. | It has an oropharyngeal phase. |
| Answer» D. It has an oropharyngeal phase. | |
| 42. |
All the following statements about esophagus are true except: |
| A. | UES is a true sphincter. |
| B. | Gastrin increases tone of LES. |
| C. | LES contracts during Swallowing . |
| D. | none |
| Answer» C. LES contracts during Swallowing . | |
| 43. |
HCL secretion in the stomach: |
| A. | Is a function of peptic cells. |
| B. | Require no energy. |
| C. | Occurs by passive diffusion of both H+ and CLin the gastric human. |
| D. | Require presence of carbonic anhydrase enzyme. |
| Answer» D. Require presence of carbonic anhydrase enzyme. | |
| 44. |
Gastric emptying: |
| A. | Is normally completed about 9 hours after ingestion of a usual meal. |
| B. | Is slowest if the food is soft and rich in carbohydrates. |
| C. | Is inhibited by excessive acidity in the duodenum. |
| D. | Is accelerated by presences of fat or hypertonic solutions in the duodenum. |
| Answer» C. Is inhibited by excessive acidity in the duodenum. | |
| 45. |
Acidification of the duodenum will: |
| A. | Decrease pancreatic secretion of bicarbonate. |
| B. | Increase secretion of gastric acid. |
| C. | Decrease gastric emptying. |
| D. | Increase contraction of the gall bladder. |
| Answer» C. Decrease gastric emptying. | |
| 46. |
Oxyntic or parietal cells secrete: |
| A. | HCL. |
| B. | Trypsin. |
| C. | Zymogen granules. |
| D. | Pepsinogen. |
| Answer» A. HCL. | |
| 47. |
Ingesting antacids with and after a meal so that PH doesn`t decrease below 6 will cause a greater than normal secretion of: |
| A. | Gastrin. |
| B. | Secretin. |
| C. | Pancreatic bicarbonate. |
| D. | CCK. |
| Answer» A. Gastrin. | |
| 48. |
The pangs associated with hunger : |
| A. | Are decreased a low level of blood sugar. |
| B. | Are accompanied with feeling of hunger and pain in the pit of the stomach. |
| C. | Usually appear 3 to 4 hour after fasting begins. |
| D. | diminish after 1 to 2 days of starvation. |
| Answer» B. Are accompanied with feeling of hunger and pain in the pit of the stomach. | |
| 49. |
Chronic gastritis is often associated with which of the following : |
| A. | Microcytic anemia. |
| B. | Hyperchlorohydria. |
| C. | Steatorrhea. |
| D. | pernicious anemia. |
| Answer» D. pernicious anemia. | |
| 50. |
Vitamin B12 absorption : |
| A. | Depends on presence of intrinsic factor. |
| B. | Depends on passive diffusion. |
| C. | Occurs in the jujenum. |
| D. | Occurs in the stomach. |
| Answer» A. Depends on presence of intrinsic factor. | |
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