McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Mechanical Engineering .
Chapters
| 51. |
Which of the following represent types of radiation stemming from radioactive decay : |
| A. | Alpha, beta, gamma |
| B. | Alpha, gamma, delta |
| C. | X, rho, sigma |
| D. | Sigma, gamma, beta |
| Answer» A. Alpha, beta, gamma | |
| 52. |
Explain the difference between X and gamma rays: |
| A. | They are both types of electromagnetic radiation |
| B. | X rays are naturally occurring; gamma rays are man made |
| C. | X rays are produced electrically; gamma rays are emitted by disintegrating atomic nuclei |
| D. | There is no difference |
| Answer» C. X rays are produced electrically; gamma rays are emitted by disintegrating atomic nuclei | |
| 53. |
Most industrial X ray machines contain targets made of: |
| A. | Beryllium |
| B. | Magnesium |
| C. | Lead |
| D. | Tungsten |
| Answer» D. Tungsten | |
| 54. |
The effects of scattered radiation may be lessened by: |
| A. | Using a lead mask around the test piece |
| B. | Using a lead or copper filter between the X ray tube and the test piece |
| C. | Using lead screens |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
| 55. |
A reaction which occurs when a radiation beam of 500 keV is partially absorbed by a test piece would probably be: |
| A. | The Compton effect |
| B. | The photoelectric effect |
| C. | Pair production |
| D. | Any of the above |
| Answer» A. The Compton effect | |
| 56. |
The term used to describe the reaction of human cells, other than reproductive cells, to ionizing radiation is: |
| A. | Genetic effects |
| B. | Somatic effects |
| C. | Corpuscular effects |
| D. | Hematological effects |
| Answer» B. Somatic effects | |
| 57. |
A low density image of the letter ‘B’ on a radiographic film would probably be caused by: |
| A. | Under exposure |
| B. | Excessive exposure |
| C. | Excessive backscatter |
| D. | Insufficient backscatter |
| Answer» C. Excessive backscatter | |
| 58. |
A term which refers to the sharpness of the radiographic image is: |
| A. | Sensitivity |
| B. | Halo effect |
| C. | Shadow effect |
| D. | Definition |
| Answer» D. Definition | |
| 59. |
A dark, irregular indication which is located adjacent to the toe of the weld would probably be: |
| A. | Undercut |
| B. | Incomplete penetration |
| C. | Porosity |
| D. | Tungsten inclusions |
| Answer» A. Undercut | |
| 60. |
A term which refers to the smallest detail visible in a radiograph is called: |
| A. | Radiographic sensitivity |
| B. | Radiographic contrast |
| C. | Subject contrast |
| D. | Film contrast |
| Answer» A. Radiographic sensitivity | |
| 61. |
Which type of gamma ray source would be used to radiograph a weld in 150 mm thick steel plate? |
| A. | Ir-192 |
| B. | Co-60 |
| C. | Tm-170 |
| D. | Cs-137 |
| Answer» B. Co-60 | |
| 62. |
Generally, X ray output is changed by changing the: |
| A. | Atomic number of the anode |
| B. | Tube current of the unit |
| C. | Supply voltage to the unit |
| D. | Atomic weight of the cathode |
| Answer» B. Tube current of the unit | |
| 63. |
Deep scratches on lead intensifying screens will cause? |
| A. | Selective image enhancement |
| B. | Irregular light lines on the film |
| C. | Dark lines on the film |
| D. | Unacceptable blockage of the primary radiation beam |
| Answer» B. Irregular light lines on the film | |
| 64. |
Which of the following is classified as electromagnetic radiation? |
| A. | Visible light |
| B. | X rays |
| C. | Infrared radiation |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
| 65. |
The main disadvantage of having a small focal spot on an X ray tube is: |
| A. | Heat is conducted away too fast |
| B. | Sharper radiographic images may be achieved with a larger focal spot |
| C. | A smaller focal spot is limited to lower tube currents because of the potential damage from overheating |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» C. A smaller focal spot is limited to lower tube currents because of the potential damage from overheating | |
| 66. |
Exposure of whole body to moderate radiation doses of 500 – 2000 mSv (50 to 200 rem) would probably cause which of the following effects? |
| A. | Blood cell changes |
| B. | Swelling |
| C. | Possible nausea |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
| 67. |
A reaction which occurs when a radiation beam of 90 keV is totally absorbed by a test piece would probably be: |
| A. | The Compton effect |
| B. | The photoelectric effect |
| C. | Pair production |
| D. | Any of the above |
| Answer» B. The photoelectric effect | |
| 68. |
The term used to describe the reaction of human reproductive cells, to ionizing radiation is: |
| A. | Genetic effects |
| B. | Somatic effects |
| C. | Corpuscular effects |
| D. | Hematological effects |
| Answer» A. Genetic effects | |
| 69. |
How is the wavelength of scattered radiation related to the primary beam? |
| A. | Longer |
| B. | Shorter |
| C. | Same |
| D. | Not related |
| Answer» A. Longer | |
| 70. |
Higher X ray tube voltages result in: |
| A. | Shorter wavelengths X rays |
| B. | More penetrating X rays |
| C. | Higher intensity X ray beam |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
| 71. |
Betatrons are used to produce X rays having energy in the range of: |
| A. | Several MeV |
| B. | 50-500 keV |
| C. | 500-1000keV |
| D. | 0-50 keV |
| Answer» A. Several MeV | |
| 72. |
A linear accelerator is used to produce X rays in what range? |
| A. | Several MeV |
| B. | 50-500 keV |
| C. | 500-1000keV |
| D. | 0-50 keV |
| Answer» A. Several MeV | |
| 73. |
For a particular isotope, gamma radiation intensity is determined by: |
| A. | Type isotope used |
| B. | Energy level of gamma rays in source |
| C. | Source strength in curies |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» C. Source strength in curies | |
| 74. |
A term used to describe the range of radiation intensities falling on the film during exposure is: |
| A. | Film contrast |
| B. | Radiographic contrast |
| C. | Subject contrast |
| D. | Radiographic sensitivity |
| Answer» B. Radiographic contrast | |
| 75. |
An expression which is used to describe the slope of a film characteristic curve is: |
| A. | Film latitude |
| B. | Film contrast |
| C. | Film sensitivity |
| D. | Film gradient |
| Answer» D. Film gradient | |
| 76. |
Which of the following factors affect film graininess? |
| A. | Wavelengths of radiation |
| B. | Film processing conditions |
| C. | Film speed |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
| 77. |
The amount of radioactivity which corresponds to 3.7 × 1010 disintegrations per second is called: |
| A. | 0.01 gray (1 rad) |
| B. | 1 Farad |
| C. | 37 GBq (1 curie) |
| D. | 10 mSv (1 roentgen) |
| Answer» C. 37 GBq (1 curie) | |
| 78. |
The result of filtering the X rays is to produce: |
| A. | More geometric unsharpness |
| B. | Less geometric unsharpness |
| C. | Softer radiation |
| D. | Harder radiation |
| Answer» D. Harder radiation | |
| 79. |
Which of the following actions is performed by lead screens? |
| A. | Absorbs a portion of the primary radiation beam |
| B. | Preferentially absorbs soft X rays |
| C. | Emits electrons under gamma and X ray fields |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
| 80. |
The total radiation dose received equals: |
| A. | The radiation intensity |
| B. | The source size in curies |
| C. | Radiation intensity times time of exposure |
| D. | Radiation intensity divided by the square of the distance from the source |
| Answer» C. Radiation intensity times time of exposure | |
| 81. |
Which of the following is the most common type of X ray tube? |
| A. | Bipolar |
| B. | Unipolar |
| C. | Long anode |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» A. Bipolar | |
| 82. |
A reaction which occurs when a radiation beam of 15 MeV is partially absorbed by a test piece would probably be: |
| A. | The Compton effect |
| B. | The photoelectric effect |
| C. | Pair production |
| D. | Any of the above |
| Answer» C. Pair production | |
| 83. |
A reaction which occurs when a radiation beam of 50 keV is partially absorbed by a test piece would probably be: |
| A. | The Compton effect |
| B. | The photoelectric effect |
| C. | Pair production |
| D. | Any of the above |
| Answer» B. The photoelectric effect | |
| 84. |
A lethal dose of complete body radiation is normally considered to be: |
| A. | 1-2 Sv (100-200 rem) |
| B. | 250-500 mSv (25-50 rem) |
| C. | 6-8 Sv (600-800 rem) |
| D. | 500 mSv (50000 mrem) |
| Answer» C. 6-8 Sv (600-800 rem) | |
| 85. |
Almost all gamma radiography today is done with artificially activated: |
| A. | Particles |
| B. | Isotopes |
| C. | Radium |
| D. | X ray machines |
| Answer» B. Isotopes | |
| 86. |
A Curie (37 gigabecquerel)of radioactive material will disintegrate at the rate of: |
| A. | 37 million (3.7 × 107) disintegrations per second |
| B. | 37 billion (3.7 × 1010) disintegrations per second |
| C. | 37 trillion (3.7 × 1013) disintegrations per second |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» B. 37 billion (3.7 × 1010) disintegrations per second | |
| 87. |
The specific activity of radioactive isotopes is measured in: |
| A. | MeV (million electron volts) |
| B. | R/h (roentgens per hour) or gray per hour |
| C. | Ci/g (curies per gram) or Becquerel per gram |
| D. | Counts per minute (c/min) |
| Answer» C. Ci/g (curies per gram) or Becquerel per gram | |
| 88. |
What is the primary difference between X rays and gamma rays of the same energy? |
| A. | Wavelength |
| B. | Frequency |
| C. | Velocity |
| D. | Origin |
| Answer» D. Origin | |
| 89. |
Screens should be: |
| A. | Separated from the film by a sheet of clean white paper |
| B. | Separated from the film by at least 3.125 mm |
| C. | In direct contact with the film |
| D. | Separated from the film by its cardboard backing |
| Answer» C. In direct contact with the film | |
| 90. |
Lead foil in direct contact with the film in a cassette absorbs: |
| A. | All radiation to protect the film from exposure |
| B. | Light rays that might otherwise expose the film |
| C. | Long wave length radiation more than short wavelength |
| D. | Short wavelength radiation more than long wavelength |
| Answer» C. Long wave length radiation more than short wavelength | |
| 91. |
Lead screens improve mainly the of the final radiograph: |
| A. | Density |
| B. | Contrast |
| C. | Exposure |
| D. | Definition |
| Answer» B. Contrast | |
| 92. |
Lead foil is placed behind the films to: |
| A. | Absorb as much side scatter as possible |
| B. | Reduce non image forming back-scatter |
| C. | Reduce the quality of image-forming primary rays |
| D. | Limit the amount of light striking the film. |
| Answer» B. Reduce non image forming back-scatter | |
| 93. |
A filter will reduce the amount of in the primary radiation beam: |
| A. | Scatter |
| B. | Electrons |
| C. | High energy radiation |
| D. | Low energy radiation |
| Answer» D. Low energy radiation | |
| 94. |
A filter is placed: |
| A. | Between the source and the specimen |
| B. | Between the specimen and the film |
| C. | Around the specimen |
| D. | Behind the film |
| Answer» A. Between the source and the specimen | |
| 95. |
The tube current in milliamps multiplied by the time in seconds or minutes equals: |
| A. | Density |
| B. | Intensity |
| C. | Exposure |
| D. | Kilovoltage |
| Answer» C. Exposure | |
| 96. |
If we were to maintain the same exposure but decrease the source to film distance, we must the time of exposure: |
| A. | Increase |
| B. | Decrease |
| C. | none |
| D. | none |
| Answer» B. Decrease | |
| 97. |
Lead screens act as intensifiers at voltage above: |
| A. | 1000 kV |
| B. | 150 kV |
| C. | 325 kV |
| D. | 2000 kV` |
| Answer» B. 150 kV | |
| 98. |
Use of a slower speed film improves the definition of the radiograph because the slower film: |
| A. | Requires more exposure |
| B. | Is more sensitive to X rays |
| C. | Requires less voltage |
| D. | Has finer grains |
| Answer» D. Has finer grains | |
| 99. |
The penetrameter is a tool used to check the of a radiograph: |
| A. | Contrast |
| B. | Definition |
| C. | Sensitivity |
| D. | Emulsion |
| Answer» C. Sensitivity | |
| 100. |
When using a radioactive isotope in making a radiograph, we can express the equation for exposure as Ci × T. In this equation , Ci stands for: |
| A. | Current through tube |
| B. | Intensity in curies or becquerels |
| C. | Degree of contrast |
| D. | Coarseness of the film |
| Answer» B. Intensity in curies or becquerels | |
Done Studing? Take A Test.
Great job completing your study session! Now it's time to put your knowledge to the test. Challenge yourself, see how much you've learned, and identify areas for improvement. Don’t worry, this is all part of the journey to mastery. Ready for the next step? Take a quiz to solidify what you've just studied.