McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Bachelor of Science in Counselling Psychology (BSc Counselling Psychology) .
| 251. |
______________ are neurotransmitters that regulate pain perception and are involved in the positive emotions associated with aerobic exercise. |
| A. | Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) |
| B. | Norepinephrine |
| C. | Endorphins |
| D. | Serotonin |
| Answer» C. Endorphins | |
| 252. |
Prozac works by inhibiting the reuptake of __________________, increasing the availability of this neurotransmitter in the brain. |
| A. | Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) |
| B. | Norepinephrine |
| C. | Dopamine |
| D. | Serotonin |
| Answer» D. Serotonin | |
| 253. |
_______________ is a highly specialized cell that communicates information in electrical and chemical form. |
| A. | Neuron |
| B. | Nerve cell |
| C. | Chromosome |
| D. | Nervous |
| Answer» A. Neuron | |
| 254. |
_______________ is the primary internal communication network of the body; divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. |
| A. | Nervous system |
| B. | Endocrine |
| C. | Brain |
| D. | Neuron |
| Answer» A. Nervous system | |
| 255. |
_______________ is a type of neuron that signals muscles to contract or relax. |
| A. | Interneurons |
| B. | Sensory neurons |
| C. | Motor neurons |
| D. | Excitatory |
| Answer» C. Motor neurons | |
| 256. |
_______________ is the part of a neuron that contains the nucleus. |
| A. | Axons |
| B. | Dendrites |
| C. | Glial cells |
| D. | Cell body |
| Answer» D. Cell body | |
| 257. |
________________ is a brief electrical impulse by which information is transmitted along the axon of a neuron. |
| A. | Myelin sheath |
| B. | Synapse |
| C. | Action potential |
| D. | Neurotransmitter |
| Answer» C. Action potential | |
| 258. |
_______________ is a chemical messenger manufactured by a neuron. |
| A. | Myelin sheath |
| B. | Synapse |
| C. | Action potential |
| D. | Neurotransmitter |
| Answer» D. Neurotransmitter | |
| 259. |
______________ is the long, fluid-filled tube that carries a neuron's messages to other body areas. |
| A. | Axon |
| B. | Dendrite |
| C. | Glial cell |
| D. | Cell body |
| Answer» A. Axon | |
| 260. |
________________ is the point of communication between two neurons. |
| A. | Myelin sheath |
| B. | Synapse |
| C. | Action potential |
| D. | Neurotransmitter |
| Answer» B. Synapse | |
| 261. |
_________________ are the tiny pouches or sacs in the axon terminals that contain chemicals called neurotransmitters. |
| A. | Synapses |
| B. | Synaptic vesicles |
| C. | Synaptic gaps |
| D. | Postsynaptics |
| Answer» B. Synaptic vesicles | |
| 262. |
_________________ is a neurotransmitter that is involved in the regulation of bodily movements and thought processes. |
| A. | Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) |
| B. | Norepinephrine |
| C. | Dopamine |
| D. | Serotonin |
| Answer» C. Dopamine | |
| 263. |
________________ is the neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity. |
| A. | Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) |
| B. | Norepinephrine |
| C. | Dopamine |
| D. | Serotonin |
| Answer» A. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) | |
| 264. |
______________neurons communicate information from one neuron to the next. |
| A. | Interneurons |
| B. | Sensory neurons |
| C. | Motor neurons |
| D. | Excitatory |
| Answer» A. Interneurons | |
| 265. |
The ________________ is a tiny space between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of an adjoining neuron. |
| A. | Synapse |
| B. | Synaptic vesicle |
| C. | Synaptic gap |
| D. | Postsynaptic |
| Answer» C. Synaptic gap | |
| 266. |
_____________ are made up of large bundles of neuron axons. |
| A. | Neurons |
| B. | Nerves |
| C. | Chromosomes |
| D. | Cell bodies |
| Answer» B. Nerves | |
| 267. |
________________ refer to simple, automatic behaviors that are produced by the spinal cord and occur without involvement of the brain. |
| A. | Spinal reflexes |
| B. | Presynaptic |
| C. | Action potential |
| D. | Resting potential |
| Answer» A. Spinal reflexes | |
| 268. |
________________ is a chemical substance that inhibits the effect normally produced by a neurotransmitter at a receptor site. |
| A. | Endorphins |
| B. | Antagonist |
| C. | Agonist |
| D. | Serotonin |
| Answer» B. Antagonist | |
| 269. |
Additional evidence indicates that ___________________ also serve to intensify positive sensations- for example, the "runner's high" many people experience after vigorous exercise. |
| A. | Endorphins |
| B. | Antagonist |
| C. | Agonist |
| D. | Serotonin |
| Answer» A. Endorphins | |
| 270. |
Degeneration of ___________________ producing neurons has been linked to Parkinson's disease. |
| A. | Serotonin |
| B. | Norepinephrine |
| C. | Dopamine |
| D. | Endorphins |
| Answer» C. Dopamine | |
| 271. |
When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, synaptic vesicles move toward the _____________________. |
| A. | Cell body |
| B. | Cell membrane |
| C. | Nucleus |
| D. | Dendrites |
| Answer» B. Cell membrane | |
| 272. |
Within the axons of the neuron are _________________, which are held in storage-like vesicles until they are released when the neuron is stimulated. |
| A. | Neurotransmitters |
| B. | Synaptic vesicles |
| C. | Dendrites |
| D. | Cellbodies |
| Answer» A. Neurotransmitters | |
| 273. |
The ______________ is the most basic signal in the nervous system which consists of a rapidly moving wave of depolarization that travels along the membrane of the individual neuron. |
| A. | Myelin sheath |
| B. | Synapse |
| C. | Action potential |
| D. | Neurotransmitter |
| Answer» C. Action potential | |
| 274. |
_________________ are the small gaps in the myelin sheath surrounding the axons of many neurons. |
| A. | Neurotransmitters |
| B. | Synaptic vesicles |
| C. | Nodes of Ranvier |
| D. | Glial cells |
| Answer» C. Nodes of Ranvier | |
| 275. |
_________________ carry information toward the cell body. |
| A. | Cells |
| B. | Neurons |
| C. | Axons |
| D. | Dendrites |
| Answer» D. Dendrites | |
| 276. |
_________________ carry information away from the cell body. |
| A. | Cells |
| B. | Neurons |
| C. | Axons |
| D. | Dendrites |
| Answer» C. Axons | |
| 277. |
In many neurons the axon is covered by a sheath of fatty material known as _____________. |
| A. | Myelin |
| B. | Neurons |
| C. | Glial cells |
| D. | Vesicles |
| Answer» A. Myelin | |
| 278. |
_______________ help form a barrier that prevents certain substances in the bloodstream from reaching the brain. |
| A. | Axons |
| B. | Dendrites |
| C. | Glial cells |
| D. | Cell body |
| Answer» C. Glial cells | |
| 279. |
Speeds along myelinated axons can reach ____________ miles per hour. |
| A. | 280 |
| B. | 270 |
| C. | 260 |
| D. | 250 |
| Answer» B. 270 | |
| 280. |
Stimulation, either directly or by chemical messages from other neurons, produces ___________________, a basic type of signal within neurons. |
| A. | Spinal reflexes |
| B. | Graded potentials |
| C. | Action potentials |
| D. | Resting potentials |
| Answer» B. Graded potentials | |
| 281. |
Damage to the ___________________ surrounding axons can seriously affect synaptic transmission. |
| A. | Glial cell |
| B. | Endocrine |
| C. | Nodes of Ranvier |
| D. | Myelin sheath |
| Answer» D. Myelin sheath | |
| 282. |
In diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), progressive deterioration of the _______________ leads to jerky, uncoordinated movements in the affected person. |
| A. | Myelin sheath |
| B. | Neurotransmitter |
| C. | Nodes of Ranvier |
| D. | Synapse |
| Answer» A. Myelin sheath | |
| 283. |
The best-known imaging technique, and the first one developed for wide spread use, is an x-ray scanning procedure called ________________. |
| A. | MRI scan |
| B. | PET |
| C. | CT scan |
| D. | functional MRI |
| Answer» C. CT scan | |
| 284. |
The pseudoscience associated with the study of the skull and personality became known as ___________. |
| A. | Neuroscience |
| B. | Neuropsychology |
| C. | Bioscience |
| D. | Phrenology |
| Answer» D. Phrenology | |
| 285. |
The __________ of an organism is the full sequence of genes found on the chromosomes with the associated DNA. |
| A. | X chromosome |
| B. | Y chromosome |
| C. | Genome |
| D. | Genetics |
| Answer» C. Genome | |
| 286. |
Researchers in the field of human behavior genetics unite __________ and psychology to explore the causal link between inheritance and behavior. |
| A. | Chromosome |
| B. | Behavior |
| C. | Genome |
| D. | Genetics |
| Answer» D. Genetics | |
| 287. |
Researchers in the field of __________________ provide evolutionary explanations for the social behavior and social systems of humans and other animal species. |
| A. | Sociobiology |
| B. | Evolutionary psychology |
| C. | Phrenology |
| D. | Anthropology |
| Answer» A. Sociobiology | |
| 288. |
The reticular formation has long tracts of fibers that run to the ____________, which channels incoming sensory information to the appropriate area of the cerebral cortex, where that information is processed. |
| A. | Hypothalamus |
| B. | Pons |
| C. | Medulla |
| D. | Thalamus |
| Answer» D. Thalamus | |
| 289. |
The __________, which is the largest of the limbic system structures, plays an important role in the acquisition of memories. |
| A. | Hippocampus |
| B. | Thalamus |
| C. | Amygdala |
| D. | Pons |
| Answer» A. Hippocampus | |
| 290. |
The area where the axon connects to the soma is ______________. |
| A. | Axon hillock |
| B. | Terminal buttons |
| C. | Myelin sheath |
| D. | Nodes of Ranvier |
| Answer» A. Axon hillock | |
| 291. |
When the ___________________is too large to be jumped by the neural impulse, the signal/information must be passed using chemicals as neurotransmitters instead of electrical currents. |
| A. | Spinal reflex |
| B. | Presynaptic |
| C. | Action potential |
| D. | Synaptic cleft |
| Answer» D. Synaptic cleft | |
| 292. |
______________ is the DNA segments that serve as the key functional units in hereditary transmission. |
| A. | Chromosome |
| B. | Genotype |
| C. | Phenotype |
| D. | Gene |
| Answer» D. Gene | |
| 293. |
_______________ is the expression of your genetic makeup (eye color, height, hair color, etc). |
| A. | Chromosome |
| B. | Genotype |
| C. | Phenotype |
| D. | Gene |
| Answer» C. Phenotype | |
| 294. |
_____________ are the thread-like strands of DNA molecules that form the DNA segments. |
| A. | Chromosomes |
| B. | Genotypes |
| C. | Phenotypes |
| D. | Genes |
| Answer» A. Chromosomes | |
| 295. |
In the brain and spinal cord, areas that are mostly axons are called ___________ which is possible to differentiate pathways or tracts of these axons. |
| A. | White matter |
| B. | Gray matter |
| C. | Ganglia |
| D. | Nerve |
| Answer» A. White matter | |
| 296. |
Areas that include large number of cell bodies are called __________________. |
| A. | White matter |
| B. | Gray matter |
| C. | Ganglia |
| D. | Nerve |
| Answer» B. Gray matter | |
| 297. |
When the action potential reaches the axon ending, it causes tiny bubbles of chemicals called ____________________ to release their contents into the synaptic gap. |
| A. | Spinal reflex |
| B. | Presynaptic |
| C. | Synaptic vesicles |
| D. | Synaptic cleft |
| Answer» C. Synaptic vesicles | |
| 298. |
The surface of the axon contains hundreds of thousands of miniscule mechanisms called _______________. |
| A. | Synapses |
| B. | Ion channels |
| C. | Synaptic gaps |
| D. | Postsynaptics |
| Answer» B. Ion channels | |
| 299. |
The actions of the body’s voluntary muscles are controlled by the ______________, located just in front of the central sulcus in the frontal lobes. |
| A. | Somatosensory cortex |
| B. | Motor cortex |
| C. | Cerebral cortex |
| D. | Amygdala |
| Answer» B. Motor cortex | |
| 300. |
The hypothalamus maintains the body’s internal equilibrium, or ____________. |
| A. | Plasticity |
| B. | Excitatory |
| C. | Homeostasis |
| D. | Resonance |
| Answer» C. Homeostasis | |
Done Studing? Take A Test.
Great job completing your study session! Now it's time to put your knowledge to the test. Challenge yourself, see how much you've learned, and identify areas for improvement. Don’t worry, this is all part of the journey to mastery. Ready for the next step? Take a quiz to solidify what you've just studied.