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Chapter:

70+ Respiration Solved MCQs

in Physiology

These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Biology .

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Chapter: Respiration
51.

Which of the following is INCORRECT?

A. haemoglobin S causes the O2 curve to shift to the left
B. the O2 dissociation curve is shifted to the right by an increased PCO2, H+ concentration and temperature
C. carboxy haemoglobin has 240 times the affinity of O2 for Hb
D. COHB shift the O2 dissociation over to the left
E. it is equivalent to the conducting zone
Answer» A. haemoglobin S causes the O2 curve to shift to the left
discuss
52.

Regarding the chemical control of breathing, which statement is INCORRECT?

A. central chemoreceptors are located in the medulla oblongata
B. hypoxia makes an individual more sensitive to increases in arterial carbon dioxide
C. arterial oxygen less than 70mmHg markedly stimulates respiration via the carotid bodies
D. carotid bodies have the highest blood flow, per unit time per 100g, of any tissue in the body
E. carbon dioxide is more important than oxygen in respiratory control
Answer» C. arterial oxygen less than 70mmHg markedly stimulates respiration via the carotid bodies
discuss
53.

Fick’s law states that:

A. Va = (VCO2/PCO2) x K
B. V = (A.D.(P1 – P2))/T
C. pH - -LOG[H+]
D. P1V1 = P2V2
E. V1/V2 = T1/2
Answer» B. V = (A.D.(P1 – P2))/T
discuss
54.

Regarding surfactant, which statement is INCORRECT?

A. it predominantly consists of phospholipid
B. it is increased by long-term 100% oxygen therapy
C. hydrophobic “tails” face into alveolar lumen
D. it is decreased by cigarette smoking
E. pulmonary oedema is a consequence of its absence
Answer» B. it is increased by long-term 100% oxygen therapy
discuss
55.

Which of the following DOES NOT shift the O2 dissociation curve to the right?

A. increased temperature
B. increased PCO2
C. increased H+
D. increased DPG
E. increased carboxy haemoglobin
Answer» E. increased carboxy haemoglobin
discuss
56.

Regarding exercise, which statement is INCORRECT?

A. the energy cost of breathing is up to 10% of total energy expenditure
B. total pulmonary ventilation increases by up to 20 fold
C. total oxygen consumption increases by up to 20 fold
D. total carbon dioxide production increases by up to 40 fold
E. P5O increases
Answer» A. the energy cost of breathing is up to 10% of total energy expenditure
discuss
57.

Total lung capacity is equal to:

A. vital capacity + tidal volume
B. vital capacity + functional residual capacity
C. tidal volume + residual volume
D. functional residual capacity + tidal volume
E. vital capacity + residual volume
Answer» E. vital capacity + residual volume
discuss
58.

Regarding compliance, which statement is INCORRECT?

A. functional residual capacity is the equilibrium volume when elastic recoil of lung is balanced by normal tendency for chest wall to spring out
B. hysteresis is due to frictional resistance to air movement
C. compliance is greater in expiration than in inspiration
D. compliance is increased in emphysema
E. compliance is a dynamic measure of lung and chest wall recoil
Answer» E. compliance is a dynamic measure of lung and chest wall recoil
discuss
59.

Which of the following is NOT involved in the control of ventilation?

A. peripheral chemoreceptors
B. lung stretch receptors
C. basal ganglia
D. pons
E. respiratory muscles
Answer» C. basal ganglia
discuss
60.

Which of the following DOES NOT decrease lung compliance?

A. left ventricular failure
B. atelectasis
C. pulmonary fibrosis
D. advancing age
E. raised pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
Answer» D. advancing age
discuss
61.

Regarding ventilation / perfusion (V/Q) relationships, which statement is INCORRECT?

A. V/Q ratio is greatest at the lung apex
B. V/Q ratio is about one at level of third rib when upright
C. ventilation decreases proportionately more than perfusion from base to apex
D. V/Q ratio for whole lung at rest is about 0.8
E. exercise increases the V/Q ratio
Answer» C. ventilation decreases proportionately more than perfusion from base to apex
discuss
62.

Regarding pulmonary perfusion, which statement is INCORRECT?

A. apical perfusion is less than basal
B. E.coli endotoxin causes venodilatation
C. total pulmonary blood flow increases 3-6 fold during exercise
D. pulmonary vascular resistance increases at small lung volumes
E. in zone 2, pulmonary arterial pressure is greater than alveolar pressure
Answer» B. E.coli endotoxin causes venodilatation
discuss
63.

Regarding pulmonary ventilation, which statement is INCORRECT?

A. physiological dead space is normally larger than anatomical dead space
B. basal ventilation is greater than apical
C. normal tide volume is about 7ml/kg
D. airway resistance decreases at large lung volumes
E. total pulmonary ventilation can increase by up to 20 fold during exercise
Answer» A. physiological dead space is normally larger than anatomical dead space
discuss
64.

Which of the following DOES NOT constrict pulmonary arterioles?

A. adrenaline
B. thromboxane B2
C. noradrenaline
D. prostaglandin F2 α
E. isoproteronol
Answer» E. isoproteronol
discuss
65.

Regarding the lung volumes in a healthy 70kg male, 183cm tall, which is INCORRECT?

A. tidal volume = 500ml
B. residual volume = 1200ml
C. expiratory reserve volume = 1000ml
D. inspiratory capacity = 3300ml
E. vital capacity = 4800ml
Answer» D. inspiratory capacity = 3300ml
discuss
66.

Regarding carbon dioxide transport in blood, which statement is INCORRECT?

A. oxygen is about 20 times less soluble in blood
B. deoxygenation of blood increase its ability to carry carbon dioxide
C. arterial blood transports about 20% in dissolved form
D. venous blood has higher haematocrit than arterial blood
E. carbamino compounds are formed by reaction with both plasma proteins and Hb
Answer» C. arterial blood transports about 20% in dissolved form
discuss
67.

Which of the following does NOT increases synthesis of 2, 3-DPG?

A. growth hormone
B. phosphate deficiency
C. thyroid hormone
D. exercise for one hour
E. androgens
Answer» B. phosphate deficiency
discuss
68.

Which of the following DOES NOT shift the oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve to the right?

A. decreased phosphate
B. increased altitude
C. cortisol
D. decreased pH
E. aldosterone
Answer» A. decreased phosphate
discuss
69.

Regarding alveolar cells, which statement is INCORRECT?

A. type I pneumocytes repair alveolar epithelium
B. pulmonary alveolar macrophages are derived from blood monocytes
C. mast cell membranes bind IgE via Fc portion to heavy chain
D. APUD (neuroendocrine) cells are of endodermal origin
E. type II pneumocytes are membranous
Answer» E. type II pneumocytes are membranous
discuss
70.

Which of the following substances is NOT removed from the blood by the lung?

A. prostaglandins
B. noradrenaline
C. acetylcholine
D. adrenaline
E. bradykinin
Answer» D. adrenaline
discuss
71.

Which statement regarding gas exchange in the lungs is INCORRECT?

A. gases generally cross by simple diffusion
B. diffusion capacity for carbon dioxide is much greater than for oxygen
C. nitrous oxide is a diffusion limited gas
D. carbon monoxide does not reach equilibrium in 0.75 seconds
E. oxygen is a perfusion limited gas
Answer» C. nitrous oxide is a diffusion limited gas
discuss
72.

Which of the following substances is NOT synthesised by the lung?

A. prostaglandins
B. serotonin
C. dipalmityl phosphatidylcholine
D. histamine
E. kallikrein
Answer» B. serotonin
discuss
73.

Exercise has all of the following effects on blood gases EXCEPT:

A. increased PACO2
B. increased PAO2
C. unchanged PaCO2
D. unchanged PaO2
E. increased PvCO2
Answer» A. increased PACO2
discuss

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