McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Master of Business Administration (MBA) .
Chapters
| 1. |
Organisations develop through training and development which bring benefits to Employees as well as the organisations. Which of the following would not be regarded as a common feature that would result from training in today's modern workplace? |
| A. | Same job for life |
| B. | Be able to move more easily between jobs and other organisations |
| C. | Improve chances of promotion |
| D. | Develop a range of transferable skills |
| Answer» A. Same job for life | |
| 2. |
Training needs analysis can take place at organisational, task, and person levels. At the organisational level, it broadly examines what are the organisation's strategic plans and where is training and development needed to fit into the planning. Organisational training needs generally occur when: |
| A. | There is some kind of barrier hindering the achievement of organisational aims and objectives which is best removed by training. |
| B. | Information technology systems need upgrading. |
| C. | Other competing organisations are conducting extensive training programmes. |
| D. | Government provides additional funding. |
| Answer» A. There is some kind of barrier hindering the achievement of organisational aims and objectives which is best removed by training. | |
| 3. |
The first phase of a training programme is a training needs analysis. What does this aim to do? |
| A. | Establish the training resources required |
| B. | Produce selection criteria |
| C. | Identify the training objectives |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» C. Identify the training objectives | |
| 4. |
In his contribution to understanding learning and learning outcomes, Gagne produced six types of learning related to human performance which he called capabilities, but which of the following is correct? |
| A. | All of the below |
| B. | Cognitive strategies |
| C. | Basic learning |
| D. | Motor Skills |
| Answer» A. All of the below | |
| 5. |
There is no one theory of learning that can be applied to any training programme. The social learning theory has been used successfully in many settings and can be broken down into component parts involving observation, practise, and feedback. Bandura found that various factors also enhanced training such as: |
| A. | All of the below. |
| B. | Models being the same race and gender as the trainee. |
| C. | Models perceived to be friendly and helpful. |
| D. | High status models |
| Answer» A. All of the below. | |
| 6. |
Anderson's theory of skill development distinguishes between declarative and procedural knowledge. Procedural knowledge refers to knowing how to do something, but what is declarative knowledge? |
| A. | Factual knowledge about a task |
| B. | Muscle memory |
| C. | Automatic task processing |
| D. | Associative knowledge of the task |
| Answer» A. Factual knowledge about a task | |
| 7. |
Evaluation forms the final stage of the training programme and various models of evaluation have been produced to meet this aspect. Whose model has the four levels of Reaction, Learning, Behaviour, and Results? |
| A. | Kirkpatrick |
| B. | Goldstein |
| C. | Cooper and Robertson |
| D. | Alliger and Janak |
| Answer» A. Kirkpatrick | |
| 8. |
When evaluating interventions, organisations often resort to the lowest level of Kirkpatrick’s model and only gather reaction level data. However, reaction level data can be improved by asking trainees: |
| A. | How difficult they found the training. |
| B. | How difficult and useful they found the training. |
| C. | How useful and enjoyable they found the training. |
| D. | How much they enjoyed the training. |
| Answer» B. How difficult and useful they found the training. | |
| 9. |
Transfer of learning to the workplace needs to be made for the training programme to have been successful. Which of the following can hinder this process? |
| A. | All of the below |
| B. | Ridicule from colleagues |
| C. | Low self-efficacy |
| D. | Lack of managerial support |
| Answer» A. All of the below | |
| 10. |
In an economic downturn, training budgets are likely to be cut and the case for training needs to be strongly made. Recent research by Anderson (2007) has confirmed previous findings that relatively few organisations perform thorough evaluations. Why could this be? |
| A. | A threat of union action |
| B. | Training success is obvious and no detailed assessment is required |
| C. | Managers do not want to be associated with a training programme that could be assessed as a waste of resources |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» C. Managers do not want to be associated with a training programme that could be assessed as a waste of resources | |
| 11. |
The concept of communities of practice (CoP) has grown in the past decade and can evolve formally or informally using communication and information technology. What is an appropriate description of a CoP? |
| A. | A gathering of experts in a particular field who allow their work to be disseminated over the internet |
| B. | Groups of people who interact regularly on issues important to them and share best practice for their mutual benefit |
| C. | A workplace based group willing to communicate with others using the internet and intranet |
| D. | An individual who is willing to disseminate relevant information to interested parties |
| Answer» B. Groups of people who interact regularly on issues important to them and share best practice for their mutual benefit | |
| 12. |
Training needs assessment is usually related to: |
| A. | Organizational performance |
| B. | Individual |
| C. | Both organizational and individual performance |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» C. Both organizational and individual performance | |
| 13. |
____ refers to dynamic and analytical understanding of theories, concepts, principles and issues related to the job of the participants and their application to specific situations in the performance of the job or in the social interactions. |
| A. | Knowledge |
| B. | Skills |
| C. | Competencies |
| D. | Attitude |
| Answer» A. Knowledge | |
| 14. |
The social and cultural barrier to TNA can be met by: |
| A. | Building organizational trust and confidence |
| B. | Assistance of external consultants |
| C. | Effective monitoring |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
| 15. |
When the time is less, which techniques are recommended for TNA: |
| A. | Interview |
| B. | Work samples |
| C. | Focus group discussion |
| D. | Test |
| Answer» C. Focus group discussion | |
| 16. |
Areas of improvement like knowledge, skills etc. are identified which needs improvement through: |
| A. | Job analysis |
| B. | Performance gap analysis |
| C. | Monitoring |
| D. | Training delivery |
| Answer» B. Performance gap analysis | |
| 17. |
Training Needs Analysis is important because it: |
| A. | Determines who should receive training first |
| B. | Enables managers to work out the cost of training |
| C. | Identifies the training objectives |
| D. | Provides a profile of an individual’s training need. |
| Answer» C. Identifies the training objectives | |
| 18. |
Which of the following is not included in Gagné’s six types of learning? |
| A. | Basic learning |
| B. | Affective learning |
| C. | Cognitive strategies |
| D. | Motor Skills |
| Answer» B. Affective learning | |
| 19. |
According to Kirkpatrick’s model, which of the following is the order in which |
| A. | training evaluation should take place? |
| B. | Reaction, learning, behaviour, results |
| C. | Results, learning, reaction, behaviour |
| D. | Learning, behaviour, results, reaction |
| Answer» A. training evaluation should take place? | |
| 20. |
Which of the following should not be included in a training objective? |
| A. | The location of where the behaviour should be exhibited |
| B. | The conditions under which the behaviour is to be exhibited |
| C. | The criterion behaviour |
| D. | The standard of performance of the behavior |
| Answer» C. The criterion behaviour | |
| 21. |
Fitts (1962) proposed that skill development occurs in which of the following orders? |
| A. | Affective, cognitive, associative, autonomous |
| B. | Associative, cognitive, autonomous |
| C. | Cognitive, affective, associative, autonomous |
| D. | Cognitive, associative, autonomous |
| Answer» C. Cognitive, affective, associative, autonomous | |
| 22. |
Declarative knowledge refers to: |
| A. | The ability to explain how to perform a task |
| B. | Knowing what is required in order to perform a task |
| C. | Factual or explicit knowledge |
| D. | Knowing how to do something |
| Answer» B. Knowing what is required in order to perform a task | |
| 23. |
Aptitude-Treatment Interaction refers to which of the following? |
| A. | Individuals with higher aptitude learn more quickly |
| B. | Different individuals benefit from different types of training methodology |
| C. | The interaction between an individual’s ability to perform a task and how they are treated by trainers |
| D. | The relationship between trainers’ personality and trainee satisfaction |
| Answer» B. Different individuals benefit from different types of training methodology | |
| 24. |
Reaction level data can be improved by asking trainees |
| A. | How much they enjoyed the training |
| B. | How difficult and useful they found the training |
| C. | How useful and enjoyable they found the training |
| D. | How difficult they found the training |
| Answer» A. How much they enjoyed the training | |
| 25. |
Which of the following factors did Baldwin and Ford (1988) not identify as |
| A. | Important in the transfer of learning to the workplace? |
| B. | Financial support (resources, funds for training) |
| C. | Work environment (support and opportunities to use) |
| D. | Trainee characteristics (ability, personality and motivation) |
| Answer» A. Important in the transfer of learning to the workplace? | |
| 26. |
What are the three main groups of learning outcomes according to Kraiger, Ford and Salas (1993)? |
| A. | skill-based, cognitive and affective |
| B. | Skill-based, motivational and affective |
| C. | Affective, motivational and cognitive |
| D. | Motivational, skill-based and cognitive |
| Answer» C. Affective, motivational and cognitive | |
| 27. |
Training needs analysis can take place at organizational, task, and person levels. At the Organizational level, it broadly examines what are the organization’s strategic plans and where is training and development needed to fit into the planning. Organizational training needs generally occur when: |
| A. | Government provides additional funding. |
| B. | Information technology systems need upgrading. |
| C. | There is some kind of barrier hindering the achievement of organizational aims and objectives which is best removed by training. |
| D. | Other competing organisations are conducting extensive training programmes. |
| Answer» A. Government provides additional funding. | |
| 28. |
The first phase of a training programme is a training needs analysis. What does this aim to do? |
| A. | Identify the training objectives |
| B. | Produce selection criteria |
| C. | Establish the training resources required |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» A. Identify the training objectives | |
| 29. |
Communicating leadership' is included in |
| A. | personal competencies |
| B. | interpersonal competencies |
| C. | business management |
| D. | Both A and C |
| Answer» D. Both A and C | |
| 30. |
The unique characteristics of a learning organization is that the members learn about each other |
| A. | it has the capacity to gather new information and use it for improvement |
| B. | it focuses on selecting new employees who love learning and are highly skilled |
| C. | employees are rewarded for submitting creative suggestions and participating in their implementation |
| D. | none |
| Answer» B. it focuses on selecting new employees who love learning and are highly skilled | |
| 31. |
The best reason for presenting a training program is because: |
| A. | it contributes to the organization's goals and objectives |
| B. | it has been highly advertised. |
| C. | Competitors are using the training. |
| D. | Concern about federal agency pressure. |
| Answer» A. it contributes to the organization's goals and objectives | |
| 32. |
The systems model of training contains three phases: __________, training and Development, and evaluation. |
| A. | Preparation |
| B. | Assessment |
| C. | Introduction |
| D. | Organizing |
| Answer» C. Introduction | |
| 33. |
In assessing training needs, an examination of production efficiency, labor costs, turnover, and accidents would be part of which training needs analysis? |
| A. | Personnel |
| B. | Task |
| C. | operations |
| D. | organizational |
| Answer» B. Task | |
| 34. |
The major difference between training and education is that |
| A. | education refers more to acquiring specific skills. |
| B. | education is more closely related to learning a particular job. |
| C. | training provides more general knowledge. |
| D. | training narrows the range of responses while education broadens the range. |
| Answer» D. training narrows the range of responses while education broadens the range. | |
| 35. |
As a marketing agent, the CEO of a company is responsible for: |
| A. | Promoting the company’s commitment to learning by advocating it in speeches, annual reports, interviews, and other public relations tools. |
| B. | serving as a role model for learning for the entire company and demonstrating a |
| C. | Willingness to learn constantly. |
| D. | developing new learning programs for the company and providing resources online |
| Answer» B. serving as a role model for learning for the entire company and demonstrating a | |
| 36. |
_____ refers to the company’s decisions regarding where to find employees, how to select them, and the desired mix of employee skills and statuses. |
| A. | Concentration strategy |
| B. | Staffing strategy |
| C. | External growth strategy |
| D. | Disinvestment strategy |
| Answer» A. Concentration strategy | |
| 37. |
Companies that emphasize innovation and creativity are labeled as _____. |
| A. | clubs |
| B. | academies |
| C. | fortresses |
| D. | baseball teams |
| Answer» B. academies | |
| 38. |
In _____, financial and other resources are not available for development so companies tend to rely on hiring talent from the external labor market. |
| A. | clubs |
| B. | fortresses |
| C. | baseball teams |
| D. | academies |
| Answer» D. academies | |
| 39. |
Uniqueness refers to: |
| A. | The employee potential to improve company effectiveness and efficiency. |
| B. | The extent to which training and learning is centralized in an organization. |
| C. | The extent to which employees are rare and specialized and not highly available in the labor market. |
| D. | The picture of the future an organization wants to achieve. |
| Answer» D. The picture of the future an organization wants to achieve. | |
| 40. |
Job-based employees are characterized by: |
| A. | High value and high uniqueness. |
| B. | High value and low uniqueness. |
| C. | Low value and low uniqueness. |
| D. | low value and high uniqueness |
| Answer» A. High value and high uniqueness. | |
| 41. |
Which of the following positions is characterized by high value and low uniqueness? |
| A. | Lab technician |
| B. | Scientist |
| C. | Secretarial staff |
| D. | Legal adviser |
| Answer» B. Scientist | |
| 42. |
Companies adopting the _____ strategy need to train employees in job-search skills and to focus on cross-training remaining employees. |
| A. | concentration |
| B. | disinvestment |
| C. | external growth |
| D. | internal growth |
| Answer» D. internal growth | |
| 43. |
A (n) _____ strategy focuses on new market and product development, innovation, and joint ventures. |
| A. | disinvestment |
| B. | privatization |
| C. | external growth |
| D. | internal growth |
| Answer» B. privatization | |
| 44. |
Development of organizational culture that values creative thinking and analysis is typically the training implication of the _____ strategy. |
| A. | concentration |
| B. | disinvestment |
| C. | internal growth |
| D. | external growth |
| Answer» C. internal growth | |
| 45. |
The unique characteristics of a learning organization is that: |
| A. | the members learn about each other |
| B. | it has the capacity to gather new information and use it for improvement |
| C. | it focuses on selecting new employees who love learning and are highly skilled |
| D. | employees are rewarded for submitting creative suggestions and participating in their implementation |
| Answer» B. it has the capacity to gather new information and use it for improvement | |
| 46. |
The systems model of training contains three phases: __________, training and development, and evaluation. |
| A. | Preparation |
| B. | assessment |
| C. | introduction |
| D. | organizing |
| Answer» B. assessment | |
| 47. |
In assessing training needs, an examination of production efficiency, labor costs, turnover, and accidents would be part of which training needs analysis? |
| A. | Personnel |
| B. | Task |
| C. | Operations |
| D. | organizational |
| Answer» D. organizational | |
| 48. |
The major difference between training and education is that: |
| A. | education refers more to acquiring specific skills. |
| B. | education is more closely related to learning a particular job. |
| C. | training provides more general knowledge. |
| D. | training narrows the range of responses while education broadens the range. |
| Answer» D. training narrows the range of responses while education broadens the range. | |
| 49. |
The best method for conducting a training needs analysis when data needs to be obtained from a large number of employees is |
| A. | Interviews |
| B. | Observations |
| C. | Questionnaires |
| D. | focus groups |
| Answer» C. Questionnaires | |
| 50. |
The process of selectively reinforcing a response to change the behavior of a person is associated with |
| A. | behavioral modeling |
| B. | operant conditioning |
| C. | education |
| D. | learning |
| Answer» B. operant conditioning | |
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