McqMate
| 501. |
Which one of the following has most corrosive effect? |
| A. | Air |
| B. | Carbon dioxide |
| C. | Plants |
| D. | Water |
| Answer» D. Water | |
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Explanation: Common corrosives are either strong acids, strong bases, or concentrated solutions of certain weak acids or weak bases. |
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| 502. |
A plant with compound leaves is - |
| A. | Papaya |
| B. | Coconut |
| C. | Peepal |
| D. | Hibiscus |
| Answer» B. Coconut | |
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Explanation: A compound leaf has a fully subdivided blade, each leaflet of the blade separated along a main or secondary vein. Because each leaflet can appear to be a simple leaf, it is important to recognize where the petiole occurs to identify a compound leaf. Compound leaves are a characteristic of some families of higher plants, such as the Fabaceae. The coconut palm produces a crown of pinnately compound yellow-green leaves called fronds. Each frond reaches 15 to 17 feet in length. |
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| 503. |
The scientist who explained about blood circulation for the first time was - |
| A. | Antonyvan Leewen Hock |
| B. | William Harvey |
| C. | Gregor Mendel |
| D. | Ronald Ross |
| Answer» B. William Harvey | |
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Explanation: William Harvey was an English physician, who described completely and in detail the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the body by the heart, though earlier writers had provided precursors of the theory. After his death the William Harvey Hospital was constructed in the town of Ashford, several miles from his birthplace of Folkestone. He is not well recognized for his accomplishments in today's society. |
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| 504. |
What are the basic units from which human spare parts can be created? |
| A. | Nerve cells |
| B. | Stern cells |
| C. | Heart cells |
| D. | Kidney cells |
| Answer» B. Stern cells | |
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Explanation: Stem cells are biological cells found in all multicellular organisms, that can divide (through mitosis) and differentiate into diverse specialized cell types and can self-renew to produce more stem cells. Stem cells can now be artificially grown and transformed (differentiated) into specialized cell types with characteristics consistent with cells of various tissues such as muscles or nerves through cell culture. |
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| 505. |
The pollen grains of flowers pollinated by insects are : |
| A. | smooth and dry |
| B. | rough and sticky |
| C. | rough and dry |
| D. | large and, showy |
| Answer» B. rough and sticky | |
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Explanation: Pollen grains are large sticky and heavy, usually with rough surfaces so that they can readily cling onto the insects bodies. They are sticky so that pollen grains settling on them are not easily displaced. |
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| 506. |
Which of the following structures present in mammalian skin directly helps in keeping the body warm? |
| A. | Pigmented cells |
| B. | Sweat glands |
| C. | Lymph vessels |
| D. | Blood capillaries |
| Answer» C. Lymph vessels | |
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Explanation: The lymphatic system consists of a network of specialized lymphatic vessels and various tissues and organs throughout the body that contain lymphocytes (White Blood Cells)and other cells that help the body fight infection and disease. The lymphatic vessels are similar to veins but have thinner walls. Some of these vessels are very close to the skin surface and can be found near veins; others are just under the skin and in the deeper fatty tissues near the muscles and can be found near arteries. |
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| 507. |
Which from the following diseases usually spreads through milk? |
| A. | Tuberculosis |
| B. | Jaundice |
| C. | Diphtheria |
| D. | Cholera |
| Answer» A. Tuberculosis | |
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Explanation: There are two forms of tuberculosis that cause significant disease in mammals. Human tuberculosis, a sometimes acute, but much more commonly, a chronic lung infection is caused by the bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bovine tuberculosis is a very similar disease that infects cattle, as well as deer, goats, elk and many other animals. This infection is caused by a related bacterium, Mycobacterium bovis. |
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| 508. |
Which of the following crops would be preferred for sowing in order to enrich the soil with nitrogen? |
| A. | Wheat |
| B. | Mustard |
| C. | Sunflower |
| D. | Gram |
| Answer» D. Gram | |
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Explanation: Gram flour, also known as garbanzo bean flour, chickpea flour, or besan, is pulse flour made from ground chickpeas. |
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| 509. |
Which among the following has segmented body? |
| A. | Phylum Mollusca. |
| B. | Phylum Arthopoda |
| C. | Phylum Annelida |
| D. | Phylum Coelenterata |
| Answer» C. Phylum Annelida | |
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Explanation: The Annelida, also known as the ringed worms or segmented worms, are a large phylum, with over 17,000 extant species including ragworms, earthworms, and leeches. |
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| 510. |
How many layers does Human Skin have? |
| A. | 5 |
| B. | 7 |
| C. | 11 |
| D. | 3 |
| Answer» D. 3 | |
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Explanation: 0 |
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| 511. |
It causes clotting of blood - |
| A. | Thrombin |
| B. | Haemoglobin |
| C. | Pectin |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» A. Thrombin | |
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Explanation: There are two major facets of the clotting mechanism - the platelets, and the thrombin system. The thrombin system consists of several blood proteins that, when bleeding occurs, become activated. The activated clotting proteins engage in a cascade of chemical reactions that finally produce a substance called fibrin. Red blood cells become caught up in the web, and a "red clot" forms. |
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| 512. |
The largest flightless bird which can run at a great speed is - |
| A. | Penguin |
| B. | Kiwi |
| C. | Ostrich |
| D. | Emu |
| Answer» C. Ostrich | |
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Explanation: The Ostrich is the largest living species of bird. They usually weigh from 63 to |
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| 513. |
Ginger is a modified - |
| A. | roof |
| B. | leaf |
| C. | tendril |
| D. | stem |
| Answer» D. stem | |
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Explanation: Technically, ginger is a plant with a specialized stem called a rhizome which is a horizontal underground stem that often sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. These roots can develop into stern tubers for storage or root tubers for asexual reproduction. |
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| 514. |
Honey contains mainly - |
| A. | Proteins |
| B. | Carbohydrates |
| C. | Fat |
| D. | Vitamin |
| Answer» B. Carbohydrates | |
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Explanation: Honey is a mixture of sugars and other compounds. With respect to carbohydrates, honey is mainly fructose (about 38.5%) and glucose (about 31.0%), making it similar to the synthetically produced inverted sugar syrup, which is approximately 48% fructose, 47% glucose, and 5% sucrose. Honey's remaining carbohydrates include maltose, sucrose, and other complex carbohydrate. |
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| 515. |
In a plant, the xylem tissue conducts - |
| A. | water |
| B. | food |
| C. | water and food |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» A. water | |
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Explanation: Xylem is of a plant's vascular system that conveys water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant and furnishes mechanical support. It constitutes the major part of a mature woody stem or root and the wood of a tree, and consists of specialized water-conducting tissues made up mostly of several types of narrow, elongate, hollow cells. |
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| 516. |
The gas released during photosynthesis: |
| A. | Carbon dioxide |
| B. | Oxygen |
| C. | Carbon monoxide |
| D. | Sulphur dioxide |
| Answer» B. Oxygen | |
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Explanation: In plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and water, releasing oxygen as a waste product. Photosynthesis is vital for all aerobic life on Earth. In oxygenic photosynthesis water is the electron donor and, since its hydrolysis releases oxygen, the equation for this process is: Carbon dioxide + Water + Light energy --> Carbohydrate + Oxygen + Water |
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| 517. |
The transfer of minerals from top soil to subsoil through soil-water is called? |
| A. | Percolation |
| B. | Conduction |
| C. | Leaching |
| D. | Transpiration |
| Answer» C. Leaching | |
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Explanation: Leaching refers to the loss of water-soluble plant nutrients from the soil, due to rain and irrigation. |
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| 518. |
When you eat Carrot, you are eating: |
| A. | Root |
| B. | Leaf |
| C. | Stem |
| D. | Fruit |
| Answer» A. Root | |
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Explanation: When we eat carrot, we are eating root part of a plant. |
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| 519. |
The floral part that produces pollen grains is - |
| A. | Sepal |
| B. | Petal |
| C. | Anther |
| D. | Ovary |
| Answer» C. Anther | |
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Explanation: Anther is the apical portion of a stamen, which produces the microspores or pollen grains. An anther normally comprises four pollen sacs arranged in two groups or lobes joined by the connective tissue to the filament |
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| 520. |
Which are not included in the milk teeth in a child of 3-4 years? |
| A. | Incisors |
| B. | Canines |
| C. | Molars |
| D. | Premolars |
| Answer» C. Molars | |
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Explanation: Molars are the posterior most and most complicated kind of tooth in most mammals. The third, rearmost molar in each group is called a wisdom tooth. It is the last tooth to appear, breaking through the front of the gum at about the age of twenty. |
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| 521. |
The red colour of human blood is due to |
| A. | myoglobin |
| B. | hemoglobin |
| C. | immunoglobulin |
| D. | haptoglobin |
| Answer» B. hemoglobin | |
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Explanation: Hemoglobin is the iron- containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells of all vertebrates which carries oxygen from the respiratory organs to the rest of the body. It changes shape when it binds oxygen. When it changes shape, it absorbs different wavelengths of light, making it change color. When blood is exposed to air, much more of the hemoglobin absorbs oxygen than had in the vein the blood' came from. Therefore, the blood turns red. |
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| 522. |
The functional unit of the kidney is - |
| A. | neuron |
| B. | glomerulus |
| C. | nephron |
| D. | ureter |
| Answer» C. nephron | |
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Explanation: Nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. A nephron eliminates wastes from the body, regulates blood volume and blood pressure, controls levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulates blood pH. |
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| 523. |
Which of the following causes Malaria? |
| A. | Insect |
| B. | Bacteria |
| C. | Protozoa |
| D. | Virus |
| Answer» C. Protozoa | |
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Explanation: Malaria is caused by protozoan of the genus Plasmodium. There are several stages in the life cycle of Plasmodium, including sporozoites, merozoites, and gametocytes. |
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| 524. |
Deposition of uric acid crystals at the joint is the cause of - |
| A. | Arthritis |
| B. | Osteoporosis |
| C. | Osteomalacia |
| D. | Rickets |
| Answer» A. Arthritis | |
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Explanation: Gout is a medical condition usually characterized by recurrent attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis— a red, tender, hot, swollen joint. It is caused by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood. The uric acid crystallizes, and the crystals deposit in joints, tendons, and surrounding tissues. |
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| 525. |
Whichone of the following is an extinct animal? |
| A. | Passenger pigeon |
| B. | Mountain quail |
| C. | Pink-headed duck |
| D. | Ibis |
| Answer» A. Passenger pigeon | |
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Explanation: The Passenger Pigeon or Wild Pigeon is an extinct North American bird. The species lived in enormous migratory flocks until the early 20th century, when hunting and habitat destruction led to its demise. |
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| 526. |
From which one of the following is quinine extracted? |
| A. | Sarpagandha |
| B. | Opium |
| C. | Cinchona |
| D. | Datum |
| Answer» C. Cinchona | |
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Explanation: Quinine, as a component of the bark of the cinchona tree, was used to treat malaria from as early as the 1600s. The bark of trees in this genus is the source of a variety of alkaloids, the most familiar of which is quinine, an antipyretic (anti-fever) agent. |
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| 527. |
The colour change in the Chameleon is due to the presence of - |
| A. | Haemoglobin |
| B. | Chromatophore |
| C. | Chlorophyll |
| D. | Pneumatophore |
| Answer» B. Chromatophore | |
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Explanation: Chameleons have specialized cells, chromatophores, which contain pigments in their cytoplasm, in three layers below their transparent outer skin. Dispersion of the pigment granules in the chrornatophores sets the intensity of each color. When the pigment is equally distributed in a chromatophore, the whole cell is intensively colored. When the pigment is located only in the centre of the cell, the cell appears mainly transparent. |
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| 528. |
The deficiency of iodine leads to - |
| A. | Hyperthyroidism |
| B. | Goitre |
| C. | Midgut |
| D. | Diabetes |
| Answer» B. Goitre | |
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Explanation: A goitre or goiter is a swelling of the thyroid gland which can lead to a swelling of the neck or larynx (voice box). Goitre is a term that refers to an enlargement of the thyroid and can be associated with a thyroid gland that is functioning properly or not. Worldwide, over 90% cases of goitre are caused by iodine deficiency. |
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| 529. |
Which of the following is biodegradable? |
| A. | Paper |
| B. | D. D. T |
| C. | Aluminium |
| D. | Plastic |
| Answer» A. Paper | |
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Explanation: Paper is organic in nature as it is made from wood and put). So it is bio- degradable and useful in recycling. |
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| 530. |
Blue-green algae are included in the group – |
| A. | Eubacteria |
| B. | Cyanobacteria |
| C. | Protozoa. |
| D. | Fungi |
| Answer» B. Cyanobacteria | |
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Explanation: Cyanobacteria, also known as blue algae, are single celled and belong to the family of Prokaryotes. That means, they do not have a cell nucleus. The ability of cyanobacteria to perform oxygenic photosynthesis is thought to have converted the early reducing atmosphere into an oxidizing one, which dramatically changed the composition of life forms on Earth by stimulating biodiversity and leading to the nearextinction of oxygen-intolerant organisms. |
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| 531. |
Haemoglobin contains the metal - |
| A. | Copper |
| B. | Molybdenum |
| C. | Iron |
| D. | Magnesium |
| Answer» C. Iron | |
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Explanation: Haemoglobin is an iron- containing protein in red blood cells. It contains a haem prosthetic group that has an iron atom at its centre. When the iron is bound to oxygen, the haem group is red in colour (oxyhameoglobin), and when it lacks oxygen (deoxygenated form) it is blue-red. |
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| 532. |
The most abundant enzyme in the living world is - |
| A. | Rubisco |
| B. | Invertase |
| C. | DNAse |
| D. | Zymase |
| Answer» A. Rubisco | |
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Explanation: The abundant enzyme in the living world is Rubisco. It is a key regulator of non-steady state of photosynthesis. |
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| 533. |
Mycobacterium leprae is a - |
| A. | Bacillus |
| B. | Coccus |
| C. | Spiral |
| D. | Spore |
| Answer» A. Bacillus | |
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Explanation: Mycobacterium leprae is a bacillus. |
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| 534. |
An insect is an organism having - |
| A. | 3 pairs of legs |
| B. | 4 pairs of legs |
| C. | Head, thorax and abdomen |
| D. | Pair of wings and antenna |
| Answer» A. 3 pairs of legs | |
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Explanation: An insect is an organism having three pairs of legs. Insects are small, land- dwelling arthropods, characterised by three pairsof jointed legs. It has three distinct body sections: the head, thorax and abdomen. It has one pair of antennae (comprising the scape, pedicel and flagellum), compound eyes and often one or two pairs of wings. |
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| 535. |
Malaria is transmitted from one person to another by: |
| A. | Aedes Mosquito |
| B. | Culex Mosquito |
| C. | Anopheles Mosquito |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» C. Anopheles Mosquito | |
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Explanation: Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease which begins with a bite from an infected female Anopheles mosquito, which introduces the protists through saliva into the circulatory system. In the blood, the protists travel to the liver to mature and reproduce. |
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| 536. |
Liver is a RICH source of - |
| A. | sugars |
| B. | fat soluble vitamins |
| C. | minerals |
| D. | proteins |
| Answer» D. proteins | |
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Explanation: In general, liver is a good source of vitamin A, iron, zinc, copper and manganese, and a very good source of protein. There are twenty grams of protein in a single slice of liver. |
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| 537. |
Cuscuta is a - |
| A. | Saprophyte |
| B. | Epiphyte |
| C. | Xerophyte |
| D. | Parasite |
| Answer» D. Parasite | |
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Explanation: Cuseuta (dodder) is a genus of about 100-170 species of yellow, orange, or red parasitic plants. Dodder is parasitic on a very wide variety of plants, including a number of agricultural and horticultural crop species, such as alfalfa, lespedeza, flax, clover, potatoes, etc. |
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| 538. |
The number of eggs normally released during one menstrual cycle is: |
| A. | 3 |
| B. | 2 |
| C. | 1 |
| D. | 4 |
| Answer» D. 4 | |
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Explanation: In each menstrual cycle, rising levels of estrogen cause the ovary develop an egg and release it (ovulation). After ovulation, the egg lives for 24 hours. |
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| 539. |
Vegetables and fruits should be a part of our diet because they stimulate - |
| A. | Peristalsis |
| B. | Salivation |
| C. | Excretion |
| D. | Respiration |
| Answer» A. Peristalsis | |
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Explanation: Vegetable and fruits should be a part of our diet because they stimulate peristalsis. |
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| 540. |
Insectivorous plants grow in soil deficient in - |
| A. | Calcium |
| B. | Nitrogen |
| C. | Magnesium |
| D. | Water |
| Answer» B. Nitrogen | |
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Explanation: Insectivorous plants grow in soil deficient in nitrogen. |
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| 541. |
RBCs do not perform aerobic respiration because these do not contain - |
| A. | Mitochondria |
| B. | Nucleus |
| C. | Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| D. | Lysosomes |
| Answer» A. Mitochondria | |
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Explanation: Red Blood Corpusles (RBCs) do not contain Mitochondria. |
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| 542. |
A cross between homozygous recessive and heterozygous plant is - |
| A. | Back cross |
| B. | Test cross |
| C. | Monohybrid cross |
| D. | Dihybrid cross |
| Answer» B. Test cross | |
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Explanation: A cross between homozygous recessive and heterozygous plant is called Test Cross |
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| 543. |
Which of the following is not a gland? |
| A. | Thyroid |
| B. | Stomach |
| C. | Liver |
| D. | Pancreas |
| Answer» B. Stomach | |
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Explanation: The stomach is a muscular, hollow, dilated part of the digestion system which functions as an important organ of the digestive tract in some animals, including vertebrates. It secretes protein-digesting enzymes called protease and strong acids to aid in food digestion. |
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| 544. |
A person having blood type B could safely donate blood to persons with blood types - |
| A. | A and O |
| B. | B and O |
| C. | A and AB |
| D. | B and AB |
| Answer» D. B and AB | |
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Explanation: If someone belongs to the blood group B, he has B antigens on the surface of his red blood cells and A antibodies in' his blood plasma. So he can donate blood to persons of B and AB blood groups, but cannot receive blood from persons having B or O groups. |
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| 545. |
Which of the following is the parasitic plant? |
| A. | Marchantia |
| B. | Kelp |
| C. | Mushroom |
| D. | Pteris |
| Answer» C. Mushroom | |
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Explanation: A parasitic plant is a plant that derives some or all of its nutritional requirements from another living plant. |
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| 546. |
Cooking oil can be converted into vegetables ghee by the process of – |
| A. | Oxidation |
| B. | Hydrogenation |
| C. | Distillation |
| D. | Crystallization |
| Answer» B. Hydrogenation | |
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Explanation: Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction - widely used in the processing of cooking oils and fats - that turns unsaturated fatty acids into saturated ones. |
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| 547. |
Cellulose is the chief constituent of – |
| A. | cell wall |
| B. | cell membrane |
| C. | secondary wall of xylem |
| D. | body wall of insects |
| Answer» A. cell wall | |
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Explanation: In the primary (growing) plant cell wall, the major carbohydrates are cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. The cell wall in plants provides the most significant difference between plant cells and other eukaryotic cells. The cell wall is rigid (up to many micrometers in thickness) and gives plant cells a much defined shape. |
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| 548. |
Which one of the following Vitamins helps in maintaining our skin healthy? |
| A. | Vitamin A |
| B. | Vitamin C |
| C. | Vitamin B-12 |
| D. | Vitamin E |
| Answer» D. Vitamin E | |
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Explanation: Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that is essential for the maintenance of healthy skin. |
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| 549. |
Which one of the following mixtures is homogeneous? |
| A. | Starch and sugar |
| B. | Methanol and water |
| C. | Graphite and charcoal |
| D. | Calcium carbonate and calcium bicarbonate |
| Answer» B. Methanol and water | |
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Explanation: A homogeneous mixture is a solid, liquid, or gaseous mixture that has the same proportions of its components throughout any given sample. |
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| 550. |
Hypoglycemia refers to – |
| A. | high salt concentration in blood |
| B. | high blood sugar level |
| C. | high blood pressure |
| D. | low sugar level in blood |
| Answer» D. low sugar level in blood | |
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Explanation: Hypoglycemia is an abnormally diminished content of glucose in the blood. The term literally means "low sugar blood". It can produce a variety of symptoms and effects but the principal problems arise from an inadequate supply of glucose to the brain, resulting in impairment of function. |
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| 551. |
The primary source of carbohydrates are – |
| A. | Marine animals |
| B. | Plants |
| C. | Coal-tar |
| D. | Crude oil |
| Answer» B. Plants | |
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Explanation: Plants are the primary sources of carbohydrates. They produce carbohydrates by photosynthesis which is the source of energy for nearly all life on earth, either directly, through primary production, or indirectly, as the ultimate source of the energy in their food. |
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| 552. |
Which of the following process-es does not increase the amount of carbon dioxide in air? |
| A. | Breathing |
| B. | Photosynthesis |
| C. | Burning of petrol |
| D. | Aerobic decay of vegetation |
| Answer» B. Photosynthesis | |
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Explanation: Plants reduce the CO2, because they use it with photosynthesis. They use it to give oxygen and carbohydrates as the final product. It is for this reason that plantation of trees has been stressed by environmentalists. 656. (4) Vitamin D is not really a vitamin, but a precursor for the most potent steroid hormone in the human body. It can be obtained fromexposure to the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation, especially during the early morning hours. |
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| 553. |
The vitamin that is most readily manufactured in our bodies is – |
| A. | vitamin A |
| B. | vitamin B |
| C. | vitamin C |
| D. | vitamin D |
| Answer» D. vitamin D | |
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Explanation: Vitamin D is not really a vitamin, but a precursor for the most potent steroid hormone in the human body. It can be obtained from exposure to the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation, especially during the early morning hours. |
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| 554. |
Aspartame is the name of a product used by diabetic patients as a sweetening agent. It belongs to the class of — |
| A. | Carbohydrates |
| B. | Peptides |
| C. | Polyhydric alcohols |
| D. | Alkaloids |
| Answer» B. Peptides | |
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Explanation: Aspartame is an artificial, non- saccharide sweetener used as a sugar substitute in some foods and beverages. It is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide. Under strongly acidic or alkaline conditions, aspartame may generate methanol by hydrolysis. Under more severe conditions, the peptide bonds are also hydrolyzed, resulting in the free amino acids. |
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| 555. |
Which one of the following four secretions, is different from the remaining three in regard to its mode of transport from the source gland to the site of action? |
| A. | Saliva |
| B. | Sweat |
| C. | Bile |
| D. | Epinephrine |
| Answer» C. Bile | |
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Explanation: Saliva: secreted by the salivary glands; Sweat: achieved by the water-rich secretion of the eccrine glands; Epinephrine: also known as adrenaline is a hormone and a neurotransmitter; and Bile: a bittertasting, dark green to yellowish brown fluid, produced by the liver that aids the process of digestion of lipids in the small intestine. Bile is the odd one among all four as it is secreted by liver, while others are secreted by glands. |
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| 556. |
Which one of the following organs excretes water, fat and various catabolic wastes? |
| A. | Kidney |
| B. | Skin |
| C. | Spleen |
| D. | Salivary glands |
| Answer» A. Kidney | |
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Explanation: The kidneys are essential in the urinary system and also serve homeostatic functions such as the regulation of electrolytes, maintenance of acid-base balance, and regulation of blood pressure (via maintaining salt and water balance). They serve the body as a natural filter of the blood, and remove wastes which are diverted to the urinary bladder. |
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| 557. |
The animal that do not develop hypertension in spite of heavy intake of salt is: |
| A. | Sheep |
| B. | Buffalo |
| C. | Tiger |
| D. | Camel |
| Answer» D. Camel | |
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Explanation: The daily salt intake of camels is eight times that of a typical cow or sheep. Yet, surprisingly, they do not develop high blood pressure. Similarly, their blood sugar levels are twice those of other cud-chewing animals: still they do not develop diabetes. |
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| 558. |
Activity of an enzyme can be modulated by change of – |
| A. | pH |
| B. | Light |
| C. | Humidity |
| D. | Rainfall |
| Answer» A. pH | |
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Explanation: Changes in pH which can accompany metabolic process such as respiration (aerobic glycolysis for example) can alter the conformation of an enzyme and hence enzyme activity. The initial changes are covalent (change in protonation state of the protein) which can lead to an alteration in the delicate balance of forces that affect protein structure |
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| 559. |
Proteins are digested by – |
| A. | Proteases |
| B. | mylases |
| C. | Lipases |
| D. | Nucleases |
| Answer» A. Proteases | |
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Explanation: The digestion of proteins, take place by enzymes called proteases, which begins in the stomach, where pepsin breaks down some proteins into polypeptides. The end products of protein digestion are amino acids which can be absorbed. |
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| 560. |
Jaundice is a disease which affects – |
| A. | Heart |
| B. | Liver |
| C. | Spleen |
| D. | Gail bladder |
| Answer» B. Liver | |
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Explanation: Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and the whites of the eyes caused by increased amounts of bilirubin in the blood. It is often seen in liver disease such as hepatitis or liver cancer. |
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| 561. |
Cholesterol is absent in – |
| A. | Groundnut oil |
| B. | Butter oil |
| C. | Butter milk |
| D. | Ice Cream |
| Answer» A. Groundnut oil | |
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Explanation: 100 g of peanut oil (groundnut oil) contains 17.7 g of saturated fat, 48.3 g of monounsaturated fat, 33.4 g of polyunsaturated fat, and 0 mg of cholesterol. It is fast replacing dairy products due to the absence of cholesterol. |
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| 562. |
The pollutants which move downward with percolating ground water are called - |
| A. | Leachates |
| B. | Pollutates |
| C. | Earthites |
| D. | Percolates |
| Answer» A. Leachates | |
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Explanation: Leachate is any liquid that, in passing through matter, extracts solutes, suspended solids or any other component of the material through which it has passed. In older landfills and those with no membrane between the waste and the underlying geology, leachate is free to egress the waste directly into the groundwater. In such cases high concentrations of leachate are often found in nearby springs and flushes. |
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| 563. |
Lungs are located in the – |
| A. | abdominal cavity |
| B. | pericardial cavity |
| C. | peritoneal cavity |
| D. | pleural cavity |
| Answer» D. pleural cavity | |
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Explanation: In human anatomy, the pleural cavity is the potential space between the two pleura (visceral and parietal) of the lungs. |
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| 564. |
Which of the following diseases is caused by the consumption of nitrate contaminated food and water? |
| A. | Minimata disease |
| B. | Osteoporosis |
| C. | Blue baby syndrome |
| D. | Asbestosis |
| Answer» C. Blue baby syndrome | |
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Explanation: Infants under four months of age that drink water or eat food contaminated with high levels of nitrates or nitrites are particularly at risk for methemoglobinemia, or blue baby syndrome. This can occur if water containing high levels of nitrates is used to prepare infant formula, and very rarely if infants eat nitrate-rich spinach which has broken down Into nitrite during storage. |
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| 565. |
In which one of the following is swim bladder absent? |
| A. | Cutdefish |
| B. | Bony fish |
| C. | Cartilaginous fish |
| D. | Silverfish |
| Answer» C. Cartilaginous fish | |
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Explanation: The swim bladder is an internal gas-filled organ that contributes to the ability of a fish to control its buoyancy, and thus to stay at the current water depth without having to waste energy in swimming. The cartilaginous fish (e.g. sharks and rays) split from the other fishes about 420 million years ago and lack both lungs and swim bladders, suggesting that these structures evolved after that split. |
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| 566. |
Which one of the following is the smallest endocrine gland in human body? |
| A. | Adrenal |
| B. | Thyroid |
| C. | Pituitary |
| D. | Pancreas |
| Answer» C. Pituitary | |
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Explanation: Pituitary gland, called Master Gland, is the smallest endocrine gland. It controls the general growth of the body and stimulates the primary sex hormones, i.e. ovaries and testes. |
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| 567. |
A seed can germinate in the absence of |
| A. | adequate light |
| B. | supply of oxygen |
| C. | suitable moisture |
| D. | suitable temperature |
| Answer» A. adequate light | |
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Explanation: A seed can germinate in the absence of adequate light |
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| 568. |
Normally animals can change the place, but which one of the following animals cannot change the place? |
| A. | Starfish |
| B. | Sponge |
| C. | Hydra |
| D. | Leech |
| Answer» C. Hydra | |
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Explanation: Hydras are generally sedentary and sessile. |
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| 569. |
DNA contains - |
| A. | Pentose sugar |
| B. | Hexose sugar |
| C. | Erythrose sugar |
| D. | Sedoheptulose sugar |
| Answer» A. Pentose sugar | |
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Explanation: Deoxyribonucleic Acid contains Pentose sugar. |
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| 570. |
Who coined the term 'gene? |
| A. | Mendel |
| B. | Johannsen |
| C. | Watson |
| D. | Beadle |
| Answer» B. Johannsen | |
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Explanation: Gene is a segment of DNA in all living organisms. |
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| 571. |
The term genetics' was coined by – |
| A. | Morgan |
| B. | Mendel |
| C. | Bateson |
| D. | Johannsen |
| Answer» C. Bateson | |
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Explanation: Danish botanist Wilhelm Johansen coined the term 'gene'. The term 'genetics' was coined by Bateson. |
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| 572. |
The maximum biological damage is produced by – |
| A. | X rays |
| B. | gamma - rays |
| C. | beta - rays |
| D. | alpha - rays |
| Answer» B. gamma - rays | |
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Explanation: Gamma radiation, also known as gamma rays, is electromagnetic radiation of high frequency and therefore high energy. Gamma rays are ionizing radiation and are thus biologically hazardous. |
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| 573. |
Which protein - sugar pair is present in milk? |
| A. | Casein, Sucrose |
| B. | Casein, Lactose |
| C. | Fenitin, Maltose |
| D. | Albumin, Glucose |
| Answer» B. Casein, Lactose | |
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Explanation: Casein-Lactose protein-sugar pair is present in milk. Normal bovine milk contains 30-35 grams of protein per litre of which about 80 percent is arranged in casein micelles. |
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| 574. |
Who discovered that Malaria was caused by female Anopheles? |
| A. | Edward Jenner |
| B. | Louis Pasteur |
| C. | Robert Koch |
| D. | Ronald Ross |
| Answer» D. Ronald Ross | |
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Explanation: Edward Jenner of Britain discovered vaccination in 1796. Louis Pasteur of France discovered Rabies vaccine in 1860. Robert Koch of Germany discovered Cholera, TB germs in 1877. Sir Ronald Ross was a British Physician and entomologist, noted foridentifying the links between mosquitoes and malaria. He was born in India in 1857 at Almora. |
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| 575. |
Saprophytes are the organisms which depend for food on – |
| A. | living plants |
| B. | living animals |
| C. | dead and decaying material |
| D. | inorganic chemical compounds |
| Answer» C. dead and decaying material | |
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Explanation: Saprophytes are the organisms which depend for food on dead and decaying material. |
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| 576. |
Iodine solution is used to test the presence of – |
| A. | Sugar |
| B. | Proteins |
| C. | Starch |
| D. | Fats |
| Answer» C. Starch | |
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Explanation: Iodine solution is used to test the presence of starch. |
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| 577. |
Production of alcohol from organic compounds by microorganisms is known as |
| A. | Combustion |
| B. | Fermentation |
| C. | Anaerobic: respiration |
| D. | Aerobic respiration |
| Answer» C. Anaerobic: respiration | |
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Explanation: The process of breaking down large molecules into simpler one in the presence of enzyme is called fermentation. |
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| 578. |
Odontokgy is the branch of science which deals with the study of – |
| A. | Teeth |
| B. | Ontogeny |
| C. | Bone |
| D. | Ageing |
| Answer» A. Teeth | |
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Explanation: Scientific study of teeth is called dontology. ' |
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| 579. |
Greater population can be supported on the earth only if we eat more - |
| A. | mutton |
| B. | eggs |
| C. | plant products |
| D. | beef |
| Answer» C. plant products | |
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Explanation: One way of analyzing carrying capacity of the earth is to calculate its net primary productivity (NPP). This is the total amount of solar energy converted into biochemical energy through plant photosynthesis, minus the energy needed by those plants for their own life processes. It represents the total food resource on earth. In the food chain, meat products stay at the top. Even at the current levels where deforestation and other forms of destruction of vegetation has been rampant, plant products can sustain an extended population base. |
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| 580. |
The longest part of the alimentary canal is the – |
| A. | Small Intestine |
| B. | large Intestine |
| C. | Oesophagus |
| D. | Both A and C |
| Answer» A. Small Intestine | |
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Explanation: The food enters the small intestine from the stomach. This is the longest part of the alimentary canal and is fit into a compact space because of extensive coiling. |
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| 581. |
Which blood group is universal donor? |
| A. | O+ |
| B. | O- |
| C. | AB+ |
| D. | AB- |
| Answer» B. O- | |
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Explanation: Universal donor is a person who is type O in the ABO blood group system and negative for gen and can donate blood to all recipients. |
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| 582. |
Archaeopteryx had the following reptilian characters – |
| A. | Teeth on jaw, tail, beak |
| B. | Clawed wings, teeth on jaw, tail |
| C. | Clawed wings, scales, feathers |
| D. | Teeth on jaw, feathers, tail |
| Answer» B. Clawed wings, teeth on jaw, tail | |
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Explanation: Archaeopteryx, sometimes referred to by its German name Urvogel, is a genus of early bird that is transitional between feathered dinosaurs and modern birds. It shares the following features with the deirionychosaurs:: jaws with sharp teeth, three fingers with claws, a long bony tail, hyperextensible second toes ("killing claw") , feathers (which also suggest horneothermy), and various skeletal features. |
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| 583. |
Which of the following vertebrates lack exoskeleton? |
| A. | Amphibia |
| B. | Mammalia |
| C. | Avis |
| D. | Chondrichthyes |
| Answer» D. Chondrichthyes | |
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Explanation: An exoskeleton is the external skeletons that supports and protects an animal's body, in contrast to the internal skeleton (endoskeleton) of, for example, a human. Chondrichthyes or cartilaginous fishes are jawed fish with paired fins, paired nares, scales, a heart with its chambers in series, and skeletons made of cartilage rather than bone. |
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| 584. |
Which cells in our body have the least regenerative power? |
| A. | Brain cells |
| B. | Muscle cells |
| C. | Bone cells |
| D. | Liver cells |
| Answer» A. Brain cells | |
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Explanation: Brain cells do not regenerate. Once lost, they do not come back. Research from Karolinska Institute in Sweden haves shown that the nerve cells of the brain remain the same throughout a person's life. |
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| 585. |
A potato tuber has been cut into two halves. A few drops of iodine solution are placed on the cut surface of one of the halves. What colour change will be noticed? |
| A. | From brown to blue-black |
| B. | From brown to orange-red |
| C. | From blue to pink |
| D. | From pink to blue-green |
| Answer» A. From brown to blue-black | |
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Explanation: Any form of starch (carbohydrate) turns blue-black when iodine solution is applied to it. This is because starch is composed of polymers of glucose. Long linear chains are amylose. Amylopectin is similar but contains a branch point about every 25th glucose or so. Amylose coils into a helical secondary structure resembling a tube with a hollow core. Certain molecules including fatty acids and iodine can lodge inside the core as already mentioned. The complex of iodine stuck insidethe amylose coil produces a characteristic blue- black colour. |
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| 586. |
Which animal may suffer from foot and mouth disease? |
| A. | Cattle |
| B. | Cattle and sheep |
| C. | Cattle and pigs |
| D. | Cattle, sheep and pigs |
| Answer» B. Cattle and sheep | |
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Explanation: Foot-and-mouth disease is an infectious and sometimes fatal viral disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals, including domestic and wild bovids. The virus causes a high fever for two or three days, followed by blisters inside the mouth and on the feet that may rupture and cause lameness. Susceptible animals include cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, pigs, antelope, deer, and bison. |
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| 587. |
What does enamel cover? |
| A. | Crown of the tooth |
| B. | Dentin on all sides |
| C. | Cementum |
| D. | Cementum and partly dentin |
| Answer» A. Crown of the tooth | |
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Explanation: The basic unit of enamel is called an enamel rod which is a tightly packed mass of hydroxyapatite crystals in an organized pattern. In cross section, it is best compared to a keyhole, with the top, or head, oriented toward the crown of the tooth, and the bottom, or tail, oriented toward the root of the tooth. |
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| 588. |
Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by blood on the walls of – |
| A. | Heart |
| B. | Veins |
| C. | Arteries |
| D. | Capillaries |
| Answer» C. Arteries | |
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Explanation: Blood pressure (BP), sometimes referred to as arterial blood pressure, is the pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels, and is one of the principal vital signs. It usually refers to the arterial pressure of the systemic circulation. There are three major types of blood vessels: the arteries, which carry the blood away from the heart; the capillaries, which enable the actual exchange of water and chemicals between the blood and the tissues; and the veins, which carry blood from the capillaries back toward the heart. |
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| 589. |
Which one of the Endocrine glands is known as master gland? |
| A. | Pituitary |
| B. | Adrenal |
| C. | Thyroid |
| D. | Parathyroid |
| Answer» A. Pituitary | |
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Explanation: The pituitary is sometimes referred to as the "master gland" as it controls hormone functions such as our temperature, thyroid activity, growth during childhood, urine production, testosterone production in males and ovulation and estrogen production in females. In effect the gland functions as our thermostat that controls all other glands that are responsible for hormone secretion. |
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| 590. |
The biological death of a patient means the death of tissues of the - |
| A. | kidney |
| B. | heart |
| C. | brain |
| D. | lungs |
| Answer» C. brain | |
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Explanation: Biological death occurs when brain cells start to die due to lack of oxygen. Biological death follows clinical death (when a person stops breathing). Without oxygen brain damage can occur within minutes. 4-6 minutes of oxygen deprivation can cause minor brain damage. 6-10 minutes of oxygen deprivation will cause brain damage. After 10 minutes of no |
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| 591. |
Blood pressure is high in the – |
| A. | Ventricles |
| B. | Arteries |
| C. | Veins |
| D. | Auricles |
| Answer» B. Arteries | |
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Explanation: Hypertension (HTN) or high blood pressure, sometimes called arterial hypertension, is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is elevated. This requires the heart to work harder than normal to circulate blood through the blood vessels. |
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| 592. |
Which drug is used to cure Hypertension? |
| A. | Risedronate |
| B. | Diazepam |
| C. | Folic Acid |
| D. | Hydralazine |
| Answer» D. Hydralazine | |
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Explanation: Hydralazine, sold under the brand name Apresoline among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. |
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| 593. |
The method used to obtain alcohol from molasses is called – |
| A. | distillation |
| B. | hydrolysis |
| C. | fermentation |
| D. | oxidation |
| Answer» C. fermentation | |
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Explanation: On industrial scale, ethanol can be prepared by the fermentation of molasses. Molasses is the mother liquor left after the crystallization of sugarcane juice. It is a dark colored viscous liquid. Molasses contains about 60% fermentable sugar. |
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| 594. |
Bacterial diseases are found in – |
| A. | plants |
| B. | animals |
| C. | humans |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
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Explanation: Most bacteria that are associated with plants are actually saprotrophic, and do no harm to the plant itself. However, a small number, around 100 known species, are able to cause disease. Bacteria also cause diseases in animals and human beings. In humans, pathogenic bacteria cause infections such as tetanus, typhoid fever, diphtheria, syphilis, and leprosy. Among several, Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that affects animals and humans. |
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| 595. |
Which part of saffron plant is used to obtain the spice 'saffron'? |
| A. | Dry stigma |
| B. | Leaves |
| C. | Fruits |
| D. | Petals |
| Answer» A. Dry stigma | |
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Explanation: According to the surface of the stigma, we distinguish wet and dry stigma. Wet stigma covered with a sticky exudates containing sugars and different chemicals. |
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| 596. |
Photosynthesis is – |
| A. | An exothermic process |
| B. | An endothermic process |
| C. | A neutral process |
| D. | A thermostatic process |
| Answer» B. An endothermic process | |
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Explanation: Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms' activities. |
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| 597. |
Rabies is a - |
| A. | helminthic disease |
| B. | viral disease |
| C. | bacterial disease |
| D. | protozoan disease |
| Answer» B. viral disease | |
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Explanation: Rabies is a viral disease that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals. Rabies virus travels to the brain by following the peripheral nerves. |
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| 598. |
Estrogen and Progesterone control and stimulate the growth in: |
| A. | Pituitary Gland |
| B. | Thyroid Gland |
| C. | Mammary Gland |
| D. | Supra Renal Gland |
| Answer» C. Mammary Gland | |
|
Explanation: The female reproductive hormones, estrogens, progesterone, and prolactin, have a major impact on breast cancer and control postnatal mammary gland development. Optimal mammary growth requires both estrogen and progesterone. |
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| 599. |
Which of these is produced by a mould? |
| A. | Chloroform |
| B. | Glycerine |
| C. | Penicillin |
| D. | Quinine |
| Answer» C. Penicillin | |
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Explanation: Penicillin is one of the first and still one of the most widely used antibiotic agents - derived from the Penicillium mold. Penicillin kills bacteria by interfering with the ability to synthesize cell wall. |
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| 600. |
Bile is produced by the – |
| A. | Liver |
| B. | Stomach |
| C. | Pancreas |
| D. | Duodenum |
| Answer» A. Liver | |
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Explanation: Bile or gall is a bitter-tasting, dark green to yellowish brown fluid, produced by the liver of most vertebrates, that aids the process of digestion of lipids in the small intestine. In many species, bile is stored in the gallbladder and upon eating is discharged into the duodenum. Bile is a composition of the following materials: water (85%), bile salts (10%), mucus and pigments (3%), fats (1%), inorganic salts (0.7%) and cholesterol (0.3%). |
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