McqMate
| 1. |
Ecology deals with the study of: |
| A. | Living beings |
| B. | Living and non living components |
| C. | Reciprocal relationship between living and non living components |
| D. | Environment |
| Answer» C. Reciprocal relationship between living and non living components | |
| 2. |
Autecology deals with |
| A. | Ecology of species |
| B. | Ecology of many species |
| C. | Ecology of community |
| D. | All the above |
| Answer» A. Ecology of species | |
| 3. |
Synecology deals with |
| A. | Ecology of many species |
| B. | Ecology of many populations |
| C. | Ecology of community |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» C. Ecology of community | |
| 4. |
Ecotype is a type of species in which environmentally induced variations are |
| A. | Temporary |
| B. | Genetically fixed |
| C. | Genetically not related |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» B. Genetically fixed | |
| 5. |
The term ‘Biocoenosis’ was proposed by |
| A. | Transley |
| B. | Carl Mobius |
| C. | Warming |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» B. Carl Mobius | |
| 6. |
The pyramid of energy in any ecosystem is |
| A. | Always upright |
| B. | May be upright or invented |
| C. | Always inverted |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» A. Always upright | |
| 7. |
Energy flow in ecosystem is |
| A. | Unidirectional |
| B. | Bidirectional |
| C. | Multidirectional |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» A. Unidirectional | |
| 8. |
An ecosystem must have continuous external source of |
| A. | minerals |
| B. | energy |
| C. | food |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» B. energy | |
| 9. |
The source of energy in an ecosystem is |
| A. | ATP |
| B. | Sunlight |
| D. | N.A |
| Answer» B. Sunlight | |
| 10. |
Trophic levels are formed by |
| A. | Only plants |
| B. | only animals |
| C. | Only carnivorous |
| D. | Organisms linked in food chain |
| Answer» D. Organisms linked in food chain | |
| 11. |
Biotic potential is counteracted by |
| A. | Competition with other organisms |
| B. | Producer is the largest |
| C. | Limitation of food supply |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» D. None of the above | |
| 12. |
Definition of ecosystem is |
| A. | The community of organisms together with the environment in which they live |
| B. | The abiotic component of a habitat |
| C. | The part of the earth and its atmosphere which inhibits living organisms |
| D. | A community of organisms interacting with one another |
| Answer» A. The community of organisms together with the environment in which they live | |
| 13. |
In a food chain of grassland ecosystem the top consumers are |
| A. | Herbivorous |
| B. | Carnivorous |
| C. | Bacteria |
| D. | Either carnivorous or herbivorous |
| Answer» B. Carnivorous | |
| 14. |
MAB stands for |
| A. | Man and biosphere |
| B. | Man, antibiotics and bacteria |
| C. | Man and biotic community |
| D. | Mayer, Anderson and Bisby |
| Answer» A. Man and biosphere | |
| 15. |
Species that occur in different geographical regions separated by special barrier are: |
| A. | Allopatric |
| B. | Sympatric |
| C. | Sibling |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» A. Allopatric | |
| 16. |
Which one is true? |
| A. | symbiosis when neither population affects each other |
| B. | symbiosis when the interaction is useful to both the populations |
| C. | commensalism when none of the interacting populations affect each other |
| D. | commensalism when the interaction is useful to both the populations |
| Answer» B. symbiosis when the interaction is useful to both the populations | |
| 17. |
A high density of elephant population in an area can result in |
| A. | mutualism |
| B. | Intraspecific competition |
| C. | Interspecific competition |
| D. | Predation on one another |
| Answer» B. Intraspecific competition | |
| 18. |
Barnacles growing on the back of whale is an example for |
| A. | mutualism |
| B. | parasitism |
| C. | amensalism |
| D. | commensalism |
| Answer» D. commensalism | |
| 19. |
Pencillium does not swallow the growth of bacterium Staphylococcus. This sort of relationship is called |
| A. | commensalism |
| B. | predation |
| C. | amensalism |
| D. | mutualism |
| Answer» C. amensalism | |
| 20. |
Symbiosis is shown by |
| A. | E.coli |
| B. | Cuscuta |
| C. | Rafflesia |
| D. | Monotropa |
| Answer» A. E.coli | |
| 21. |
When both partners are affected negatively the nature of interaction is |
| A. | commensalism |
| B. | competition |
| C. | predation |
| D. | amensalism |
| Answer» B. competition | |
| 22. |
An association between two individuals or populations where both are benefitted and where neither can survive without the other is |
| A. | competition |
| B. | commensalism |
| C. | mutualism |
| D. | protocoperation |
| Answer» C. mutualism | |
| 23. |
Which of the following interactions will not promote co evolution? |
| A. | commensalism |
| B. | mutualism |
| C. | parasitism |
| D. | interspecific competition |
| Answer» A. commensalism | |
| 24. |
The effect of interspecific competition on niches is to make them |
| A. | larger |
| B. | smaller |
| C. | more triangular |
| D. | change location |
| Answer» B. smaller | |
| 25. |
Mycorrhiza represents |
| A. | symbiotic association between a fungus and liverworts |
| B. | parasitic association between a fungus and an alga |
| C. | parasitic association between a fungus and roots of plants |
| D. | symbiotic association between a fungus and roots of higher plants . |
| Answer» D. symbiotic association between a fungus and roots of higher plants . | |
| 26. |
The pioneers in xerach succession is the |
| A. | crustose lichen |
| B. | mosses |
| C. | foliose lichen |
| D. | shrubs |
| Answer» A. crustose lichen | |
| 27. |
The final stable community in an ecological succession is called the |
| A. | final community |
| B. | ultimate community |
| C. | climax community |
| D. | seral community |
| Answer» C. climax community | |
| 28. |
The process of successful establishment of the species in a new area is called |
| A. | sere |
| B. | climax |
| C. | invasion |
| D. | ecesis |
| Answer» D. ecesis | |
| 29. |
The formation of a climax community from an abandoned farm land is a an example of |
| A. | Autogenic succession |
| B. | allogenic successsion |
| C. | primary succession |
| D. | secondary succession |
| Answer» D. secondary succession | |
| 30. |
Succession initiated on large sand deposits or deserts is called |
| A. | hydrosere |
| B. | psammosere |
| C. | xerosere |
| D. | oxylosere |
| Answer» B. psammosere | |
| 31. |
The development of a bare area without any life form is called |
| A. | nudation |
| B. | ecesis |
| C. | sere |
| D. | reaction |
| Answer» A. nudation | |
| 32. |
The conversion of a pond to a climax forest community is an example of |
| A. | xerarch succession |
| B. | mesarch succession |
| C. | hydrarch succession |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» C. hydrarch succession | |
| 33. |
The intermediate developmental stages in the ecological succession is called |
| A. | sere |
| B. | ecesis |
| C. | climax |
| D. | nudation |
| Answer» A. sere | |
| 34. |
All the statements are correct regarding ecological succession except |
| A. | It is a random process |
| B. | Species diversity increases as succession proceeds |
| C. | The food chain relationships becomes more complex |
| D. | The role of decomposers becomes more and more important |
| Answer» A. It is a random process | |
| 35. |
The order of succession in a lithosere or xerosere is |
| A. | Foliose lichen stage->Crustose lichen stage->moss stage->herb stage->shrub stage->forest stage (climax community) |
| B. | Crustose lichen stage->Foilose lichen stage->moss stage->herb stage->shrub stage->forest stage (climax community) |
| C. | Moss stage ->Foilose lichen stage-> Crustose lichen stage ->herbstage->shrub stage->forest stage (climax community) |
| D. | Crustose lichen stage->Foilose lichen stage->moss stage-> ->shrubstage-> herb stage->forest stage (climax community) |
| Answer» B. Crustose lichen stage->Foilose lichen stage->moss stage->herb stage->shrub stage->forest stage (climax community) | |
| 36. |
The order of succession in a hydrosere is |
| A. | Rooted aquatic plants-> phytoplankton->Free floating stage->Reedswamp stage->Sedge Meadow stage-> wood land stage-> Climax forest |
| B. | Rooted aquatic plants-> phytoplankton->Free floating stage-> SedgeMeadow stage-> Reed swamp stage-> wood land stage-> Climax forest |
| C. | phytoplankton->Rooted aquatic plants->Free floating stage->Reedswamp stage-> wood land stage-> Sedge Meadow stage-> Climax forest |
| D. | phytoplankton->Rooted aquatic plants->Free floating stage->Reedswamp stage->Sedge Meadow stage-> wood land stage-> Climax forest |
| Answer» D. phytoplankton->Rooted aquatic plants->Free floating stage->Reedswamp stage->Sedge Meadow stage-> wood land stage-> Climax forest | |
| 37. |
The pyramid of numbers is inverted in the case of |
| A. | parasitic food chain |
| B. | Grassland ecosystem |
| C. | Forest ecosystem |
| D. | lake ecosystem |
| Answer» A. parasitic food chain | |
| 38. |
The concept of ecological pyramid was first proposed by |
| A. | E.P. Odum |
| B. | A.G. Tansley |
| C. | Juday |
| D. | Charles Elton |
| Answer» D. Charles Elton | |
| 39. |
The pyramid of energy in terrestrial ecosystem is |
| A. | upright |
| B. | inverted |
| C. | spindle shaped |
| D. | irregular |
| Answer» A. upright | |
| 40. |
Which of the following ecological pyramid is always upright? |
| A. | Pyramid of energy |
| B. | Pyramid of number |
| C. | Pyramid of biomass |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» A. Pyramid of energy | |
| 41. |
The pyramid of numbers in a single tree is |
| A. | upright |
| B. | inverted |
| C. | spindle shaped |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. spindle shaped | |
| 42. |
A graphic representation of number of individuals of different species belonging to each trophic level in a an ecosystem is known as |
| A. | ecological pyramid |
| B. | pyramid of biomass |
| C. | pyramid of number |
| D. | pyramid of energy |
| Answer» C. pyramid of number | |
| 43. |
The pyramid of biomass is inverted in |
| A. | forest ecosystem |
| B. | grassland ecosystem |
| C. | fresh water ecosystem |
| D. | tundra |
| Answer» C. fresh water ecosystem | |
| 44. |
In pond ecosystem, the pyramid of biomass is |
| A. | upright |
| B. | inverted |
| C. | spindle shaped |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. inverted | |
| 45. |
In grassland ecosystem, the pyramid of biomass is |
| A. | upright |
| B. | inverted |
| C. | spindle shaped |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» A. upright | |
| 46. |
Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding ecological pyramids |
| A. | The pyramid of energy is inverted in ocean ecosystem |
| B. | The pyramid of biomass is inverted in aquatic ecosystem |
| C. | The pyramid of numbers is upright in grass land ecosystem |
| D. | The pyramid of biomass is upright in grass land ecosystem |
| Answer» A. The pyramid of energy is inverted in ocean ecosystem | |
| 47. |
Organisms having the potential for interbreeding and producing fertile offspring is called |
| A. | Class |
| B. | Order |
| C. | Genus |
| D. | Species |
| Answer» D. Species | |
| 48. |
A group of individuals of a plant or animal species, inhabiting a given area is called |
| A. | Biome |
| B. | Population |
| C. | Ecosystem |
| D. | Community |
| Answer» B. Population | |
| 49. |
Climate includes |
| A. | Seasonal variation |
| B. | General patterns of atmosphere conditions |
| C. | Average weather of an area |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» D. All of these | |
| 50. |
The maintenance of relatively constant internal environment is called |
| A. | Homeostasis |
| B. | Exotherms |
| C. | Homeobox |
| D. | Endotherms |
| Answer» A. Homeostasis | |
| 51. |
Ultraviolet radiation which is not lethal but harm to the organism is |
| A. | 0.1 to 0.28 µm |
| B. | 0.28-0.32 µm |
| C. | 0.32-0.4 µm |
| D. | 0.4-0.5 µm |
| Answer» B. 0.28-0.32 µm | |
| 52. |
Ecological niche of an organism represents |
| A. | The resource it utilizes |
| B. | Functional role in the ecological system |
| C. | The range of conditions that it can tolerate |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 53. |
Respiratory roots are known as |
| A. | velamen |
| B. | pneumatophores |
| C. | hydathodes |
| D. | prop roots |
| Answer» B. pneumatophores | |
| 54. |
The gradual physiological adjustment to slowly changing new environmental conditions is known as |
| A. | Selection |
| B. | Introduction |
| C. | Acclimatization |
| D. | Quarantine |
| Answer» C. Acclimatization | |
| 55. |
Upper layer of water in a single body of water is known as |
| A. | Hypolimnion |
| B. | Epilimnion |
| C. | thermocline |
| D. | Hydroline |
| Answer» B. Epilimnion | |
| 56. |
The lower limit of water availability is soil is known as |
| A. | field capacity |
| B. | Hypolimnion |
| C. | thermocline |
| D. | wilting point |
| Answer» D. wilting point | |
| 57. |
MAB program stands for |
| A. | Man and biotechnology |
| B. | Material and biology |
| C. | Man and Biology |
| D. | Man and Biosphere |
| Answer» D. Man and Biosphere | |
| 58. |
Red data book contains data of |
| A. | all plant species |
| B. | all animal species |
| C. | economically important species |
| D. | threatened species |
| Answer» D. threatened species | |
| 59. |
IUCN (The International Union For Conservation Of Nature And Natural Resources) headquarters is at |
| A. | Morges, Switzerland |
| B. | Paris, France |
| C. | Vienna, Austria |
| D. | NewYork, USA |
| Answer» A. Morges, Switzerland | |
| 60. |
IUCN is also called as |
| A. | Man and Biosphere program |
| B. | World Conservation Union |
| C. | World Conservation Consortium |
| D. | World Wide Conservation Union |
| Answer» B. World Conservation Union | |
| 61. |
Which of the following region has maximum diversity |
| A. | mangrooves |
| B. | temperate rainforest |
| C. | taiga |
| D. | coral reefs |
| Answer» D. coral reefs | |
| 62. |
Approximately, 50% of total world species are present on |
| A. | tropical rain forest |
| B. | temperate rain forest |
| C. | temperate deciduous forest |
| D. | coral reefs |
| Answer» A. tropical rain forest | |
| 63. |
Biodiversity |
| A. | increases towards the equator |
| B. | decreases towards the equator |
| C. | remains same throughout the planet |
| D. | has no effect on change in latitude |
| Answer» A. increases towards the equator | |
| 64. |
The most important reason for decrease in biodiversity is |
| A. | habitat pollution |
| B. | introduction of exotic species |
| C. | over-exploitation |
| D. | habitat destruction |
| Answer» D. habitat destruction | |
| 65. |
Dodo is |
| A. | endangered |
| B. | critically endangered |
| C. | rare |
| D. | extinct |
| Answer» D. extinct | |
| 66. |
Blue whale is placed under |
| A. | endangered |
| B. | critically endangered |
| C. | rare |
| D. | extinct |
| Answer» A. endangered | |
| 67. |
Conservation within the natural habitat is |
| A. | insitu conservation |
| B. | exsitu conservation |
| C. | invivo conservation |
| D. | exvivo conservation |
| Answer» A. insitu conservation | |
| 68. |
All are insitu conservation efforts except |
| A. | National parks |
| B. | Sanctuaries |
| C. | Zoo |
| D. | biosphere reserves |
| Answer» C. Zoo | |
| 69. |
Ex situ conservation includes |
| A. | Zoo |
| B. | Botanic garden |
| C. | Germplasm bank |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. all of the above | |
| 70. |
Hot spots are regions of high |
| A. | rarity |
| B. | endemism |
| C. | critically endangered population |
| D. | diversity |
| Answer» B. endemism | |
| 71. |
Endemic species are |
| A. | rare species |
| B. | species localised in a specific region |
| C. | cosmopolitan in distribution |
| D. | critically endangered species |
| Answer» B. species localised in a specific region | |
| 72. |
What is the animal symbol of W. W. F (World Wildlife Fund) ? |
| A. | Red Panda |
| B. | Giant Panda |
| C. | Tiger |
| D. | Kangaroo |
| Answer» B. Giant Panda | |
| 73. |
The most important human activity, leading to the extinction of wildlife, is |
| A. | Pollution of wildlife, is |
| B. | Hunting for valuable wildlife products |
| C. | Introduction of alien species |
| D. | Alternation and destruction of the natural habitats |
| Answer» D. Alternation and destruction of the natural habitats | |
| 74. |
If we uncover half of the forest, covering of the earth, what crisis will be produced at most and at first? |
| A. | Some species will be extincted |
| B. | Population and ecological imbalance will rise up |
| C. | Energy crisis will occur |
| D. | Rest half forests will maintain this imbalance |
| Answer» A. Some species will be extincted | |
| 75. |
When is the World Wildlife week ? |
| A. | First week of September |
| B. | Last week of September |
| C. | First week of October |
| D. | Last week of October |
| Answer» C. First week of October | |
| 76. |
Red Data Book Provides data on |
| A. | Red flowered plants |
| B. | Red colored fishes |
| C. | Lists of plants and animals |
| D. | Endangered plants and animals |
| Answer» D. Endangered plants and animals | |
| 77. |
Wild life is continuously decreasing. What is the main reason of this? |
| A. | Predation |
| B. | Cutting down of forest |
| C. | Destruction of habitat |
| D. | Hunting |
| Answer» C. Destruction of habitat | |
| 78. |
What is the major cause of diminishing wildlife number? |
| A. | Felling of trees |
| B. | Cannibalism |
| C. | Habitat destruction |
| D. | Paucity of drinking water |
| Answer» C. Habitat destruction | |
| 79. |
Viable material of endangered species can be preserved by |
| A. | Gene bank |
| B. | Gene library |
| C. | Gene pool |
| D. | Herbarium |
| Answer» A. Gene bank | |
| 80. |
Which group of vertebrates comprises the highest number of endangered species? |
| A. | Mammals |
| B. | Fishes |
| C. | Birds |
| D. | Reptiles |
| Answer» A. Mammals | |
| 81. |
Which of the following is mainly responsible for the extinction of wild life |
| A. | Pollution of air and water |
| B. | Hunting of flesh |
| C. | Destruction of Habitats |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» D. All of these | |
| 82. |
The unfavourable alteration of environment due to human activities is termed as |
| A. | ecological disturbance |
| B. | catastrophe |
| C. | ecological degradation |
| D. | pollution |
| Answer» D. pollution | |
| 83. |
Which of the following is the best indicator of SO2 pollution |
| A. | bryophyte |
| B. | pteridophyte |
| C. | Lichen |
| D. | algae |
| Answer» C. Lichen | |
| 84. |
Heavy dust can cause |
| A. | leaf blights |
| B. | opening of stomata |
| C. | closure of stomata |
| D. | browning of leaves |
| Answer» C. closure of stomata | |
| 85. |
Which of the following is the major cause of pollution |
| A. | plants |
| B. | man |
| C. | fungi |
| D. | hydrocarbon gases |
| Answer» D. hydrocarbon gases | |
| 86. |
Minamata disease was caused by pollution of water by |
| A. | mercury |
| B. | lead |
| C. | tin |
| D. | methyl iso cyanate |
| Answer» A. mercury | |
| 87. |
BOD stands for |
| A. | biotic oxidation demand |
| B. | biological oxidation demand |
| C. | biological oxygen demand |
| D. | biochemical oxygen demand |
| Answer» C. biological oxygen demand | |
| 88. |
A river with high BOD value is |
| A. | highly polluted |
| B. | highly clean |
| C. | highly productive |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» A. highly polluted | |
| 89. |
5th June is observed as |
| A. | world forest day |
| B. | world environment day |
| C. | world wildlife day |
| D. | world population day |
| Answer» B. world environment day | |
| 90. |
Cement factory labourers are prone to |
| A. | leukemia |
| B. | bone marrow disease |
| C. | asbestosis |
| D. | cytosilicosis |
| Answer» D. cytosilicosis | |
| 91. |
Noise is measured using sound meter and the unit is |
| A. | hertz |
| B. | decibel |
| C. | joule |
| D. | sound |
| Answer» B. decibel | |
| 92. |
The undesirable change in physical, chemical or biological characteristics of air, land and water is referred as |
| A. | pollutants |
| B. | ecodestructions |
| C. | pollution |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» C. pollution | |
| 93. |
Which of the radioactive material is largely associated with bone cancer |
| A. | radium-226 |
| B. | thorium-232 |
| C. | Strontium-90 |
| D. | iodine |
| Answer» C. Strontium-90 | |
| 94. |
Lead poisoning |
| A. | reduces O2 carrying capacity of haemoglobin in blood |
| B. | increases O2 carrying capacity of haemoglobin in blood |
| C. | reduces O2 carrying capacity of myoglobin in muscles |
| D. | increases O2 carrying capacity of myoglobin in muscles |
| Answer» A. reduces O2 carrying capacity of haemoglobin in blood | |
| 95. |
Acid rain contains |
| A. | sulphuric acid |
| B. | nitric acid |
| C. | both a and b |
| D. | sulphuric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid |
| Answer» C. both a and b | |
| 96. |
The occurrence of pesticides like DDT in higher trophic levels is termed as |
| A. | bioremediation |
| B. | biomagnification |
| C. | biological enhancement |
| D. | biopollution |
| Answer» B. biomagnification | |
| 97. |
Earth summit was held in |
| A. | Stockholm in 1972 |
| B. | Rio de Jeneiro in 1992 |
| C. | Paris in 1992 |
| D. | New York in 1972 |
| Answer» B. Rio de Jeneiro in 1992 | |
| 98. |
All are physical pollutants except |
| A. | heat |
| B. | sound |
| C. | radiations |
| D. | soot |
| Answer» D. soot | |
| 99. |
All are primary pollutants except |
| A. | Ammonia |
| B. | Peroxy Acyl Nitrate (PAN) |
| C. | sulphur dioxide |
| D. | hydrogen sulphide |
| Answer» B. Peroxy Acyl Nitrate (PAN) | |
| 100. |
Pollutants that are introduced into the environment by human activity are called as |
| A. | qualitative pollutants |
| B. | quantitative pollutants |
| C. | anthropogenic pollutants |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» A. qualitative pollutants | |
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