McqMate
Chapters
| 1. |
One trait that dominates a personality so much that it influences nearly everything a person does is |
| A. | Global Trait |
| B. | Cardinal Trait |
| C. | Specific trait |
| D. | Central Trait |
| Answer» B. Cardinal Trait | |
| 2. |
The method of science requires that independent observers must: |
| A. | verify data |
| B. | state a hypothesis in a form that can be tested |
| C. | derive a hypothesis from theory |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
| 3. |
Talkative vs. silent; frank, open vs. secretive; adventurous vs. cautious; sociable vs. reclusivethese
|
| A. | Agreeableness |
| B. | Conscientiousness |
| C. | Extraversion |
| D. | Culture |
| Answer» C. Extraversion | |
| 4. |
Approximately how many trait words for personality are there in the English language? |
| A. | 18,000 |
| B. | 1,000 |
| C. | 10,000 |
| D. | 500 |
| Answer» A. 18,000 | |
| 5. |
Who is the pioneer that proposed the 16 basic dimensions of normal personality and devised a
|
| A. | Carl Jung |
| B. | Raymond Cattell |
| C. | Julian Rotter |
| D. | Gordon Allport |
| Answer» B. Raymond Cattell | |
| 6. |
When analyzing a past president to describe his personality by coding letters or speeches he has
|
| A. | Big Five |
| B. | content analysis |
| C. | personality assumptions |
| D. | Implicit Personality Theory |
| Answer» B. content analysis | |
| 7. |
The best known lexical research on terms relevant to personality was conducted by whom and how
|
| A. | Sheldon/3 |
| B. | Ancient Greeks/4 |
| C. | Allport/17,953 |
| D. | Gordon/5 |
| Answer» C. Allport/17,953 | |
| 8. |
During psychology you are falling asleep. You know last night you only got three hours of sleep; therefore you have a valid reason. The person sitting in front of you is sleeping also. You automatically think that they are lazy and really dont care about the class. This is an example of |
| A. | Halo effect |
| B. | Implicit Personality Theory |
| C. | Observer bias |
| D. | stereotype |
| Answer» C. Observer bias | |
| 9. |
Positive correlations (from 0.01 to 1.00) indicate that, as one factor goes ________, the other
|
| A. | down, up |
| B. | up, down |
| C. | up, up |
| D. | both a and b |
| Answer» C. up, up | |
| 10. |
Which strategy IMPROVES the reliability of a research design? |
| A. | make the test shorter |
| B. | standardize all circumstances under which the test is administered, including instructions. |
| C. | delete all items from the test that do not correlate with the other items. |
| D. | b and c only |
| Answer» D. b and c only | |
| 11. |
Which of the statements below are FALSE? |
| A. | Since Personality psychology has competing viewpoints, it is considered a paradigm. |
| B. | Science judges the truth of statements based on the empirical methoD:) |
| C. | Personality encompasses diverse qualities of individuals (E:)g., biology, social influences, childhood experiences, etC:)) |
| D. | Science demands that hypotheses be discarded if they are not confirmed by observation. |
| Answer» A. Since Personality psychology has competing viewpoints, it is considered a paradigm. | |
| 12. |
Which range best targets the number of "Central Traits" that have been identified? |
| A. | 5-8 |
| B. | 5-200 |
| C. | 17,000-18,000 |
| D. | 19,000-20,000 |
| Answer» A. 5-8 | |
| 13. |
Which of the following examples is most likely to have a negative correlation? |
| A. | Number of hours spent studying and test scores |
| B. | Amount of violent television viewed and number of aggressive acts committed |
| C. | How many times the subject smiles per day and their unhappiness level |
| D. | Weight and height |
| Answer» C. How many times the subject smiles per day and their unhappiness level | |
| 14. |
he Ancient Greeks hypothesized that there were 4 different personality characteristics. The four
|
| A. | irritability, optimism, pessimism, calmness |
| B. | calmness, depression, pessimism, irritability |
| C. | depression, irritability, pessimism, optimism |
| D. | irritability, depression, optimism, calmness |
| Answer» D. irritability, depression, optimism, calmness | |
| 15. |
Sheldon proposed three different types of traits. The traits that would best describe a football
|
| A. | mesomorph |
| B. | endomorph |
| C. | ectomorph |
| D. | actinomorphy |
| Answer» A. mesomorph | |
| 16. |
Which of the following would be an example of a correlational strategy of academic research? |
| A. | testing a hypothesis with an experimental group |
| B. | having a group fill out questionnaires |
| C. | using the scientific method |
| D. | a clinician diagnosing his/her patient |
| Answer» B. having a group fill out questionnaires | |
| 17. |
If you had a correlation of positive one, the related items would be: |
| A. | completely unrelated |
| B. | moderately correlated |
| C. | very highly correlated |
| D. | identical |
| Answer» D. identical | |
| 18. |
In analyzing data, measurements are sometimes categorical, for example "smiles" or "frowns". This type of measurement is called |
| A. | qualitative measurement |
| B. | quantitative measurement |
| C. | reliability |
| D. | validity |
| Answer» A. qualitative measurement | |
| 19. |
If you say that a movie is really good and you like it you would also assume that your best friend would like it. What implicit personality theory is this? |
| A. | stereotype |
| B. | perceived similarity |
| C. | Halo effect |
| D. | observer bias |
| Answer» B. perceived similarity | |
| 20. |
From the Big Five personality dimensions, behaviours such as speaking fluently, displaying
|
| A. | Agreeableness |
| B. | Openness |
| C. | Extraversion |
| D. | Conscientiousness |
| Answer» D. Conscientiousness | |
| 21. |
Psychologists seek to understand Robs personality through his thoughts, beliefs and their impact
|
| A. | trait approach |
| B. | humanistic approach |
| C. | cognitive approach |
| D. | psychoanalytic approach |
| Answer» C. cognitive approach | |
| 22. |
Devin's personality is researched through 3 factors: extraversion, neuroticism and psychoticism. This personality trait model is called |
| A. | Eysenck's Trait Model |
| B. | Myers-Briggs Type Indicator |
| C. | Smith Model |
| D. | Cattell's Sixteen factor Model |
| Answer» A. Eysenck's Trait Model | |
| 23. |
What type of personality focuses on how people adapt to everyday life and intervenes to improve
|
| A. | Academic psychology |
| B. | Clinical Psychology |
| C. | Practical Psychology |
| D. | Applied Psychology |
| Answer» B. Clinical Psychology | |
| 24. |
Which of the following would be a phenomenological approach to the study of personality? |
| A. | emphasize subject's feelings |
| B. | emphasize subject's thoughts |
| C. | emphasize the meaning that people ascribe to events, not simply the objective events themselves |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
| 25. |
What is the trait approach to personality? |
| A. | Assumes that people are motivated by unconscious emotional conflicts |
| B. | Assumes that each individual has stable personality characteristics |
| C. | Assumes that people�s thoughts and beliefs are central to personality |
| D. | Assumes that people have an innate tendency to become self-actualized |
| Answer» B. Assumes that each individual has stable personality characteristics | |
| 26. |
William Sheldon suggested that body build was associated with personality traits. Which one best
|
| A. | conservative |
| B. | neurotic |
| C. | endomorph |
| D. | ectomorph |
| Answer» D. ectomorph | |
| 27. |
Natali . What is the difference between nomothetic and idiographic approaches to personality? |
| A. | nomothetic approaches seek to find generalized laws of behaviour that help us classify people in terms of their similarities, while idiographic approaches seek to find what makes people unique |
| B. | nomothetic approaches view only the differences between people, while ideographic approaches seek to find similarities |
| C. | ideographic approaches try to categorize people, while nomothetic approaches don’t |
| D. | None of them |
| Answer» A. nomothetic approaches seek to find generalized laws of behaviour that help us classify people in terms of their similarities, while idiographic approaches seek to find what makes people unique | |
| 28. |
D What is one of the main assumptions of the trait approach to personality? |
| A. | traits are not very stable across the lifespan and are therefore weak predictors of personality |
| B. | traits stay relatively stable across the lifespan |
| C. | traits change drastically around the age of 6 years, which has to be taken into account when predicting personality |
| D. | None of them |
| Answer» A. traits are not very stable across the lifespan and are therefore weak predictors of personality | |
| 29. |
Which of the following is NOT given as a criticism of the Type A/B personality theory? |
| A. | most of the research on Type A personality is purely correlational |
| B. | there is a lack of cross-cultural research |
| C. | the questionnaires that claim to measure Type A personality have poor internal reliability scores |
| D. | None of them |
| Answer» C. the questionnaires that claim to measure Type A personality have poor internal reliability scores | |
| 30. |
What is meant by ‘interactionism’ in personality psychology? |
| A. | the view that the interaction between people shapes their personalities |
| B. | the view that there is reciprocal interaction between personality, situations and the environment |
| C. | the view that children should interact with other children as much as possible to shape a personality that will benefit them in their later lives |
| D. | None of them |
| Answer» B. the view that there is reciprocal interaction between personality, situations and the environment | |
| 31. |
There are ———- trait dimensions did Cattell propose? |
| A. | 2 |
| B. | 3 |
| C. | 16 |
| D. | 117 |
| Answer» C. 16 | |
| 32. |
Which of the following are the aim of behavioural genetics is to learn about: |
| A. | the possibility of eradicating behavioural problems in children |
| B. | the ability of animals to learn the language |
| C. | the extent to which geneticists can modify people’s behaviour |
| D. | the genetic and environmental influences on human behaviour |
| Answer» D. the genetic and environmental influences on human behaviour | |
| 33. |
Which of the following characteristics describe someone who, according to Maslow, is selfactualized? |
| A. | creativity |
| B. | confidence |
| C. | Spontaneity |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» D. all of the above | |
| 34. |
Which of the following is not a defence mechanism? |
| A. | ingratiation |
| B. | regression |
| C. | projection |
| D. | Sublimation |
| Answer» A. ingratiation | |
| 35. |
The MMPI is used to measure: |
| A. | leadership potential |
| B. | the Big Five traits |
| C. | personality and psychological disorders |
| D. | unconscious drives |
| Answer» C. personality and psychological disorders | |
| 36. |
Which of the following would NOT be useful to a behavioural geneticist? |
| A. | case studies |
| B. | family studies |
| C. | adoption studies |
| D. | twin studies |
| Answer» A. case studies | |
| 37. |
Which one best describes a person. who is sensitive and intellectual? William Sheldon suggested that body build was associated with personality traits. |
| A. | endomorph |
| B. | neurotic |
| C. | conservative |
| D. | ectomorph |
| Answer» D. ectomorph | |
| 38. |
Sheldon proposed the traits that would best describe a football player would be: |
| A. | ectomorph |
| B. | endomorph |
| C. | mesomorph |
| D. | activomorph |
| Answer» C. mesomorph | |
| 39. |
One trait that dominates a personality so much that it influences nearly everything a person does is a |
| A. | Global Trait |
| B. | Central Trait |
| C. | Specific trait |
| D. | Cardinal Trait |
| Answer» D. Cardinal Trait | |
| 40. |
——— is an external, unstable attribution for why something happens to a person? |
| A. | hard wok |
| B. | bad mood |
| C. | the weather |
| D. | fate |
| Answer» C. the weather | |
| 41. |
which of the following is the Humanistic psychologists embraced the idea of: |
| A. | repression |
| B. | the id |
| C. | unconscious drives |
| D. | free will |
| Answer» D. free will | |
| 42. |
Adler described that Someone who feels as though they are not living up to expectations would be |
| A. | an inferiority complex |
| B. | low self-realization |
| C. | an Adlerian complex |
| D. | low actualization |
| Answer» A. an inferiority complex | |
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