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101. |
Our memory for skills, such as riding a bike |
A. | implicit memory |
B. | explicit memory |
C. | echoic memory |
D. | iconic memory |
Answer» A. implicit memory |
102. |
Implicit memory is to the ______ as explicit memory is to the _____ |
A. | hippocampus/ cerebellum |
B. | cerebellum/ hippocampus |
C. | corpus callosum/ hippocampus |
D. | hippocampus/ cerebellum |
Answer» B. cerebellum/ hippocampus |
103. |
The mental processing of retrieval of information from memory. |
A. | recognition |
B. | relearning |
C. | learning |
D. | recall |
Answer» D. recall |
104. |
When choices are given, it is much easier to identify genuine ones. A multiple choice test is a good example |
A. | recall |
B. | relearning |
C. | recognition |
D. | deja vu |
Answer» C. recognition |
105. |
This person studied memory retention by stringing together non sense syllable and memorizing them |
A. | herman ebbinghaus |
B. | skinner |
C. | thorndike |
D. | freud |
Answer» A. herman ebbinghaus |
106. |
Using the acronym VIBGYOR to studying the colors of the rainbow. This is a good example of |
A. | spacing effect |
B. | visual encoding |
C. | acoustic encoding |
D. | mnemonics |
Answer» D. mnemonics |
107. |
Encoding information by its meaning to us |
A. | semantic |
B. | echoic |
C. | iconic |
D. | chunking |
Answer» A. semantic |
108. |
This person studied the effects of misinformation and false memories |
A. | ebbinghaus |
B. | loftus |
C. | pavlov |
D. | bandura |
Answer» B. loftus |
109. |
Which factors were included in Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence |
A. | tacit, perceptual and interpersonal knowledge |
B. | analytic thought, creativity and practical knowledge |
C. | crystallized, fluid and artificial intelligence |
D. | general intelligence, crystallized knowledge and creativity |
Answer» B. analytic thought, creativity and practical knowledge |
110. |
How many factors did Thurstone associate with intelligence? |
A. | 12 |
B. | 7 |
C. | 2 |
D. | 3 |
Answer» B. 7 |
111. |
Which of these factors was not included in Thurstone's theory of intelligence? |
A. | spacial ability |
B. | memory |
C. | inductive reasoning |
D. | deductive reasoning |
Answer» D. deductive reasoning |
112. |
Spiritual and existential intelligence were included in whose theory of intelligence? |
A. | gardner |
B. | sternberg |
C. | binet |
D. | lashley |
Answer» A. gardner |
113. |
Intrapersonal intelligence can be characterized by which of the following processes? |
A. | communication abilities |
B. | self- reflection and self- awareness |
C. | musical empathy |
D. | team cooperation |
Answer» B. self- reflection and self- awareness |
114. |
According to Carroll's model of intelligence, at which level are fluid ability and crystallized intelligence located? |
A. | highest level |
B. | lowest level |
C. | sub-intelligence level |
D. | intermediate level |
Answer» D. intermediate level |
115. |
Which of the following do Gardner's intelligence correlate with? |
A. | task capacities |
B. | each other |
C. | age |
D. | crystallized intelligence |
Answer» B. each other |
116. |
Which test provides scores for verbal IQ, performance IQ, verbal comprehension, working memory, perceptual organization and processing speed? |
A. | wais-iii |
B. | binet |
C. | sternberg\s intelligence quotient |
D. | stanford |
Answer» A. wais-iii |
117. |
Spearman devised which form of factor analysis? |
A. | structural |
B. | explorative |
C. | principle components |
D. | rotated |
Answer» C. principle components |
118. |
The concept of primary mental abilities was proposed by which of the following? |
A. | mcclelland |
B. | thurstone |
C. | simon |
D. | newell |
Answer» B. thurstone |
119. |
How many mental abilities were identified by Guildford? |
A. | 0 |
B. | 44 |
C. | 120 |
D. | 32 |
Answer» C. 120 |
120. |
Cattell identified which two forms of intelligence? |
A. | artificial and natural intelligence |
B. | musical and tactile abilities |
C. | crystallized and fluid intelligence |
D. | mental abilities and skills |
Answer» C. crystallized and fluid intelligence |
121. |
Intelligence can be defined as |
A. | knowledge of a great many facts |
B. | ability to get good grades in school |
C. | all the factors that make one person different from another |
D. | ability to think abstractly and ;earn from experience |
Answer» D. ability to think abstractly and ;earn from experience |
122. |
. The leading cause of mental retardation is believed to be |
A. | inherited traits |
B. | environmental factors |
C. | organic brain syndrome |
D. | fetal alcohol syndrome |
Answer» D. fetal alcohol syndrome |
123. |
The first intelligence test was designed by two French men |
A. | binet and simon |
B. | allen and honzik |
C. | anastasi and forguson |
D. | weschlar and fechner |
Answer» A. binet and simon |
124. |
In the formula for IQ, CA stands for |
A. | comparative age |
B. | chronological age |
C. | computation argument |
D. | contrasting arrangements |
Answer» B. chronological age |
125. |
The belief that intelligence is a general ability is a result of the work of |
A. | binet |
B. | gardner |
C. | sternberg |
D. | spearman |
Answer» D. spearman |
126. |
In the normal distribution curve of intelligence test scores, the mean IQ score is set at |
A. | 110 |
B. | 100 |
C. | 90 |
D. | what most people score |
Answer» B. 100 |
127. |
In relation to the development of intelligence, the results of twin studies indicate that |
A. | genetic factors are more important than environmental factors |
B. | environmental factors are more important than genetic factors |
C. | neither genetic nor environmental factors are important |
D. | both genetic and environmental factors are important |
Answer» D. both genetic and environmental factors are important |
128. |
If it is demonstrated that an intelligence test discriminates against certain ethnic groups, then it can be said that the test |
A. | is reliable |
B. | has used standardisation sample |
C. | is valid |
D. | has culture bias |
Answer» D. has culture bias |
129. |
If an intelligence test measures consistently what it is supposed to be measuring each time it is used, then it is said that the test is |
A. | based on normal distribution |
B. | standardised |
C. | valid |
D. | reliable |
Answer» D. reliable |
130. |
Weschler's intelligence tests were designed to test |
A. | verbal intelligence |
B. | non-verbal intelligence |
C. | crystallized and fluid intelligence |
D. | verbal and non-verbal intelligence |
Answer» D. verbal and non-verbal intelligence |
131. |
Which of the following is not of Gardner's multiple intelligences? |
A. | spatial |
B. | linguistic |
C. | musical |
D. | creative |
Answer» D. creative |
132. |
What do the initials IQ stand for? |
A. | investment in education quotient |
B. | intellect quotient |
C. | intelligence question |
D. | intelligence quotient |
Answer» D. intelligence quotient |
133. |
According to Spearman, what does 'g' stand for? |
A. | general knowledge |
B. | group intelligence |
C. | green\s intelligence criteria |
D. | general intelligence |
Answer» D. general intelligence |
134. |
Which are the main components of Speaman's two factor theory of intelligence? |
A. | visual ability |
B. | spatial ability |
C. | specific intelligence and general intelligence |
D. | emotional abilities and cognitive abilities |
Answer» B. spatial ability |
135. |
Approximately how many trait words for personality are there in the English language? |
A. | 18000 |
B. | 1000 |
C. | 10000 |
D. | 500 |
Answer» A. 18000 |
136. |
When analyzing a past president to describe his personality by coding letters or speeches he has written, you are using a process called |
A. | big five |
B. | content analysis |
C. | personality assumptions |
D. | cognitive approach |
Answer» B. content analysis |
137. |
Ancient Greeks hypothesized that there were four different personality characteristic. they are |
A. | irritability, optimism, pessimism, calmness |
B. | calmness, depression, pessimism, irritability |
C. | depression, irritability, pessimism, optimism |
D. | irritability, depression, optimism, calmness |
Answer» D. irritability, depression, optimism, calmness |
138. |
In the Big Five personality dimensions, behaviours such as speaking fluently, displaying ambition, and exhibiting a high degree of intelligence is |
A. | agreeableness |
B. | openness |
C. | extraversion |
D. | conscientiousness |
Answer» D. conscientiousness |
139. |
Psychologists seek to understand Rob's personality through his thoughts, beliefs and their impact on his behaviour in certain situations. This is known as |
A. | trait approach |
B. | humanistic approach |
C. | cognitive approach |
D. | psychoanalytic approach |
Answer» C. cognitive approach |
140. |
Personality trait model that researches three factors: extraversion, neuroticism and psychoticism, is called |
A. | eyesenck\s trait model |
B. | myers-briggs type indication |
C. | cattell\s 16 pf |
D. | big five |
Answer» A. eyesenck\s trait model |
141. |
What is the trait approach to personality? |
A. | assumes that people are motivated by unconscious emotional conflicts |
B. | assumes that each individual has stable personality characteristics |
C. | assumes that people\s thoughts and beliefs are central to personality |
D. | assumes that people are motivated by conflicts originating in childhood |
Answer» B. assumes that each individual has stable personality characteristics |
142. |
According to William Sheldon's theory of Personality, which one best describes a person who is sensitive and intellectual? |
A. | conservative |
B. | endomorph |
C. | mesomorph |
D. | ectomorph |
Answer» D. ectomorph |
143. |
Eyesenck originally developed ___, a highly researched factor theory of personality. |
A. | interpersonal trait model |
B. | sixteen factor model |
C. | three factor model |
D. | big five |
Answer» C. three factor model |
144. |
The id, ego and superego can be best characterized as |
A. | part of neocortex |
B. | located in the occipital lobe |
C. | systems that make up personality |
D. | none of the above |
Answer» C. systems that make up personality |
145. |
The attribution of one's own unacceptable urges or qualities to others |
A. | regression |
B. | repression |
C. | projection |
D. | denial |
Answer» C. projection |
146. |
Albert Bandura was a proponent of which perspective of personality? |
A. | psychoanalytic |
B. | social cognitive |
C. | behaviourist |
D. | humanistic |
Answer» B. social cognitive |
147. |
People who rate high on the personality trait of ____ tend to be upbeat, optimistic and sociable. |
A. | introversion |
B. | neuroticism |
C. | extraversion |
D. | agreeableness |
Answer» C. extraversion |
148. |
A trait of personality that identifies extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness,
|
A. | five factor model |
B. | 16 personality factors |
C. | surface trait model |
D. | source trait model |
Answer» A. five factor model |
149. |
Personality characteristics or attributes that can easily be inferred from observable behaviour are |
A. | traits |
B. | source traits |
C. | surface traits |
D. | self-concepts |
Answer» C. surface traits |
150. |
Proponents of trait theory include |
A. | karen horney, albert bandura |
B. | raymond cattell, hans eyesenck |
C. | alfred adler, raymond cattell |
D. | hans eyesenck, albert bandura |
Answer» B. raymond cattell, hans eyesenck |
151. |
Self- report inventories are ______ test, while projective tests are more ____ |
A. | vague; clear |
B. | subjective; objective |
C. | objective; subjective |
D. | difficult; easy |
Answer» C. objective; subjective |
152. |
A model proposed by Albert Bandura that explains human functioning and
|
A. | reciprocal determinism |
B. | self-efficacy |
C. | trait theory |
D. | sublimination |
Answer» A. reciprocal determinism |
153. |
The Neo-Freudians include |
A. | hans eyesenck, karen horney, albert bandura |
B. | carl rogers, sigmund freud, alfred adler |
C. | carl jung, karen horney, alfred adler |
D. | alfred adler, albert bandura |
Answer» C. carl jung, karen horney, alfred adler |
154. |
A relatively stable, enduring predisposition to consistently behave in a certain way |
A. | trait |
B. | surface trait |
C. | self- concept |
D. | actualizing tendency |
Answer» A. trait |
155. |
The ______ is the set of perceptions and beliefs that you have about yourself, including your nature, your personal qualities and your typical behaviour. |
A. | actualizing tendency |
B. | conditional positive regard |
C. | self- concept |
D. | unconditional positive regard |
Answer» C. self- concept |
156. |
If you were to kick the dog after a hard day at office, you would be using |
A. | displacement |
B. | projection |
C. | reaction formation |
D. | rationalization |
Answer» A. displacement |
157. |
Allport's idea that the traits around which someone organizes their life are called _____ traits. |
A. | cardinal |
B. | secondary |
C. | central |
D. | source |
Answer» A. cardinal |
158. |
Both the terms 'emotion' and 'motivation' came from the same Latin root |
A. | movement |
B. | move |
C. | moment |
D. | movere |
Answer» D. movere |
159. |
People from differewnt cultures can recognize which facial expressions? |
A. | fear |
B. | anger |
C. | disgust |
D. | all of these |
Answer» D. all of these |
160. |
Relatively high levels of physiological arousal would most likely interfere with effectively |
A. | enjoying a television football game |
B. | solving a crossword puzzle |
C. | washing dishes |
D. | riding a bicycle |
Answer» B. solving a crossword puzzle |
161. |
The author of the Hierarchical theory of motivation is |
A. | o.h. mowrer |
B. | mcclelland |
C. | j.w. atkinson |
D. | a.h. maslow |
Answer» D. a.h. maslow |
162. |
Social needs activate the organism to |
A. | provide for physiological deficits |
B. | seek pleasure |
C. | avoid pain |
D. | gain status and recognition |
Answer» D. gain status and recognition |
163. |
Gregariousness is a/ an |
A. | social motive |
B. | biological motive |
C. | psychological motive |
D. | personal motive |
Answer» A. social motive |
164. |
Individual's life goal is |
A. | social motive |
B. | biological motive |
C. | personal motive |
D. | an instinct |
Answer» C. personal motive |
165. |
The brain site most likely involved in fear is |
A. | midbrain |
B. | left hemisphere |
C. | right hemisphere |
D. | amygdala |
Answer» D. amygdala |
166. |
Which theory holds that we are afraid because we run or are angry because we strike? |
A. | attribution |
B. | james-lange |
C. | cannon-bard |
D. | cognitive |
Answer» B. james-lange |
167. |
Motivation can be understood as an interaction between |
A. | approach and avoidance gradient |
B. | wactor and valence |
C. | life space and approach gradient |
D. | arousal and effort |
Answer» D. arousal and effort |
168. |
As motivation is closely related to effort, the emotion is related to |
A. | happiness |
B. | instinct |
C. | displacement behaviour |
D. | conflict |
Answer» A. happiness |
169. |
According to Walter Cannon, |
A. | animals without a sympathetic nervous system can still experience emotion |
B. | animals without an amygdala cannot experience emotion |
C. | emotion can never be experienced until the body has time to react |
D. | the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the feeling of emotions |
Answer» A. animals without a sympathetic nervous system can still experience emotion |
170. |
The relative strength of the drives of hunger, thirst and sex have been studied experimentally in the white rat by |
A. | learning method |
B. | obstruction method |
C. | activity wheel |
D. | the choice and preference method |
Answer» B. obstruction method |
171. |
Maslow viewed that motivated behaviour is |
A. | need related |
B. | a vector |
C. | a valence |
D. | an approach gradient |
Answer» A. need related |
172. |
All the following emotions are universal except |
A. | hopefulness |
B. | surprise |
C. | happiness |
D. | contempt |
Answer» A. hopefulness |
173. |
According to William James High credibility, high word of mouth and news value are the features of_________. |
A. | public relations. |
B. | publicity. |
C. | advertising. |
D. | promotion. |
Answer» B. publicity. |
174. |
__________is a defamation in a tangible medium like print, internet or broadcast. |
A. | slander. |
B. | libel. |
C. | propaganda. |
D. | publicity. |
Answer» B. libel. |
175. |
_________is the measure of commitment in customer preferences, based on degree of satisfaction. |
A. | customer equity. |
B. | brand identity. |
C. | customer loyalty. |
D. | brand essence. |
Answer» C. customer loyalty. |
176. |
PR for a corporation integrated as part of the company's strategic objectives is called as_________. |
A. | global communications. |
B. | integrated communications. |
C. | corporate communications. |
D. | international communications. |
Answer» C. corporate communications. |
177. |
Having a communications plan in place that can be effectively put in to action when something goes wrong for a company or organization is called__________. |
A. | crisis management. |
B. | resource management |
C. | plan management. |
D. | market management. |
Answer» A. crisis management. |
178. |
__________also known as online PR involves communications using the internet or new technology to communicate with stakeholders. |
A. | internet pr. |
B. | e-pr. |
C. | web pr. |
D. | ip pr. |
Answer» B. e-pr. |
179. |
The following which is the four class model of PR__________. |
A. | press agentry/publicity. |
B. | one way asymmetrical model. |
C. | one way symmetrical model. |
D. | public model |
Answer» A. press agentry/publicity. |
180. |
A multi disciplinary approach which uses a number of marketing communications techniques in order to deliver a consistent set of messages is__________. |
A. | integrated campaign. |
B. | imc. |
C. | ad programs. |
D. | publicity. |
Answer» A. integrated campaign. |
181. |
The process of communicating an organization's point of view on issues or causes to political audiences like MP's and lobbying groups' is_________. |
A. | propaganda. |
B. | public opinion. |
C. | public affairs. |
D. | publicity. |
Answer» C. public affairs. |
182. |
A press release format designed for the online media world links, videos and pictures is called as_________. |
A. | social media release. |
B. | out door release. |
C. | web release. |
D. | club release. |
Answer» A. social media release. |
183. |
A media relating to different market sectors for a product or service is called as_______. |
A. | vertical media. |
B. | horizontal media. |
C. | straight media. |
D. | diverted media. |
Answer» A. vertical media. |
184. |
__________is the standard wording about a company that usually appears near the bottom of all company issued press releases. |
A. | boilerplate. |
B. | jump cut. |
C. | credit line. |
D. | by line. |
Answer» A. boilerplate. |
185. |
___________publicity is the publicity accompanying unplanned events. |
A. | spontaneous. |
B. | . grapevine. |
C. | corporate. |
D. | global. |
Answer» A. spontaneous. |
186. |
_________ experts will tell you that a well planned public relations campaign is often far more effective than advertising. |
A. | marketing. |
B. | planning. |
C. | advertising. |
D. | administrative. |
Answer» A. marketing. |
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