Chapters
1. |
Industrial relations, in India has been a |
A. | Fire fighting function |
B. | Fire-stroking function |
C. | All the above |
D. | None of the above |
Answer» A. Fire fighting function |
2. |
The popular approaches to industrial relations are |
A. | Unitary approach |
B. | Pluralistic approach |
C. | Marxist approach |
D. | All the above |
Answer» D. All the above |
3. |
In general, managers tend to see employee relations in terms of which of the following activities |
A. | Creating and maintaining employee motivation |
B. | Obtaining commitment form the workforce |
C. | Both a and b |
D. | Neither a nor b |
Answer» C. Both a and b |
4. |
Which of the following are the major all India employer’s associations |
A. | ASSOCHAM |
B. | FICCI |
C. | WHO |
D. | Only a and b |
Answer» D. Only a and b |
5. |
Government everywhere followed the laissez-faire policy till |
A. | a.18th Century |
B. | 19th Century |
C. | 20th Century |
D. | 16th Century |
Answer» D. 16th Century |
6. |
Employee associations that constitute one of the stakeholders in industrial relations are popularly known as |
A. | Federations |
B. | Confederations |
C. | Trade Unions |
D. | None of the above |
Answer» C. Trade Unions |
7. |
The major actors of industrial relations include |
A. | Workers and their organizations |
B. | Employers and their organizations |
C. | Government |
D. | All the above |
Answer» D. All the above |
8. |
The structure of trade unions in India can be classified into |
A. | 4 types |
B. | 8 types |
C. | 3 types |
D. | 5 types |
Answer» A. 4 types |
9. |
Which all problems do trade unions face? |
A. | Small size of unions |
B. | Poor financial position |
C. | Both a and b |
D. | Neither a nor b |
Answer» C. Both a and b |
10. |
Which frame of reference views the natural state of organizations as one of harmony and co-operation? |
A. | Pluralism |
B. | Unitarism |
C. | Radical |
D. | none |
Answer» A. Pluralism |
11. |
The analogy of a 'football team' refers to which frame of reference? |
A. | Unitarism. |
B. | Radical. |
C. | Pluralism. |
D. | none |
Answer» A. Unitarism. |
12. |
In explaining why employees join unions, what term is used to describe employee dissatisfaction with their work situation? |
A. | The rational choice explanation. |
B. | The frustration-aggression thesis. |
C. | Interactionist explanation. |
D. | none |
Answer» C. Interactionist explanation. |
13. |
Which parties are generally considered to be the main actors in the employment relationship? Select all that apply. |
A. | Managers. |
B. | Academics. |
C. | The state. |
D. | Employees. |
Answer» D. Employees. |
14. |
Unionized workers have traditionally received higher wages than their non-unionized counterparts. What phrase is normally used to describe this phenomenon? |
A. | The representation gap. |
B. | Union wage premium. |
C. | Sword of justice effect. |
D. | The shock effect. |
Answer» C. Sword of justice effect. |
15. |
Employees in the workplace often talk of 'us' and 'them'. Which frame of reference does this reflect? |
A. | Unitarism. |
B. | Pluralism. |
C. | Radical. |
D. | none |
Answer» A. Unitarism. |
16. |
What is meant by the term 'union density'? |
A. | The total number of workers who are union members. |
B. | The proportion of workers who are union members. |
C. | The number of workers whose pay is set by collective bargaining. |
D. | The proportion of workers who are not members of a trade union. |
Answer» C. The number of workers whose pay is set by collective bargaining. |
17. |
Which of the following is not typically a component of partnership agreement? |
A. | Legitimacy of employees rights' to be informed. |
B. | Sharing success with employees. |
C. | Commitment to information and consultation. |
D. | Commitment to high levels of pay. |
Answer» B. Sharing success with employees. |
18. |
Which of the following regions have the highest rate on union membership? |
A. | North America. |
B. | Europe. |
C. | China. |
D. | Russia, Ukraine, Belarus. |
Answer» C. China. |
19. |
Many factors are driving change, but none is more important than the rise of: |
A. | Internet technologies. |
B. | women in the workforce. |
C. | human resource professionals. |
D. | cultural diversity. |
Answer» C. human resource professionals. |
20. |
The challenge, opportunity, and also the frustration of creating and managing organizations frequently stem from the _____ problems that arise within them. |
A. | people-related |
B. | union |
C. | legal |
D. | upper management |
Answer» A. people-related |
21. |
Which of the following is a retention responsibility of the line management? |
A. | Compensation and benefits |
B. | Performance feedback to subordinates |
C. | Management and organizational development |
D. | Face-to-face resolution of conflict |
Answer» A. Compensation and benefits |
22. |
There is a substantial and growing body of research evidence showing a strong connection between how firms _____ and the economic results they achieve. |
A. | select board members |
B. | educate their management staff |
C. | manage their people |
D. | diversify their product line |
Answer» D. diversify their product line |
23. |
According to the text, quality of work life is defined in terms of: |
A. | employee perceptions of their well-being at work. |
B. | the level of productivity achieved by employees. |
C. | objective indices of employee well-being at work. |
D. | the degree to which an organization adopts Japanese managerial principles. |
Answer» C. objective indices of employee well-being at work. |
24. |
The feeling workers have when they are not able to control the work environment is: |
A. | Meaninglessness |
B. | Normlessness |
C. | Mindlessness |
D. | Powerlessness |
Answer» A. Meaninglessness |
25. |
Variance control, boundary location, work group organization, management support, design process, and quality of work life are components: |
A. | Social pathological theory |
B. | Sociotechnical system theory |
C. | Polarization of work theory |
D. | Quality of work theory |
Answer» D. Quality of work theory |
26. |
Broad-based efforts at automating mechanical processes and systems began in the: |
A. | 1950s |
B. | 1960s |
C. | 1970s |
D. | 1980s |
Answer» C. 1970s |
27. |
Who has given the systems Theory of Industrial Relation? |
A. | Elton Mayo |
B. | Karl Marx |
C. | John Dunlop |
D. | Roethilsberger |
Answer» C. John Dunlop |
28. |
Who has coined the term Industrial Democracy? |
A. | Karl Marx |
B. | Sydney and Beatrice Webbs |
C. | Peter F. Drucker |
D. | John Dunlop |
Answer» C. Peter F. Drucker |
29. |
A System of Industrial Relations were social and labour issues are discussed between Trade Unions and Management at enterprise level is: |
A. | Bipartism |
B. | Tripartism |
C. | Social Dialogue |
D. | All of the above |
Answer» B. Tripartism |
30. |
Bain and Clegg (1974) argue that industrial relations are concerned with: |
A. | the making and administering of rules that regulate the employment relationship in unionised firms, regardless of whether these are seen as formal or informal, structured or unstructured |
B. | the making and administering of rules that regulate the employment relationship in nonunionised firms, regardless of whether these are seen as formal or informal, structured or unstructured |
C. | the making and administering of rules that regulate the employment relationship regardless of whether these are seen as formal or informal, structured or unstructured |
D. | none of the above |
Answer» A. the making and administering of rules that regulate the employment relationship in unionised firms, regardless of whether these are seen as formal or informal, structured or unstructured |
31. |
Mainstream school of industrial relations is underpinned by a philosophy that is |
A. | Pluralist |
B. | Unitarist |
C. | non-interventionist |
D. | radical |
Answer» C. non-interventionist |
32. |
A criticism of the industrial relations perspective is that it: |
A. | is too heavily in favour of trade unions |
B. | focuses primarily on the institutions of job regulation and conflict resolution to the exclusion of all else |
C. | is anti-trade union |
D. | ignores legal influences on the employment relationship |
Answer» B. focuses primarily on the institutions of job regulation and conflict resolution to the exclusion of all else |
33. |
Which of the following is usually not an objective of industrial relations? |
A. | Connectedness |
B. | Collective wisdom |
C. | Conflict prevention |
D. | None of the above |
Answer» D. None of the above |
34. |
Identify the major actor of industrial relations from the following |
A. | Employers |
B. | Unions |
C. | Government |
D. | All of the above |
Answer» D. All of the above |
35. |
That the authority rests solely with the management with no right to anyone to challenge it is the basis of the |
A. | Pluralist approach |
B. | System approach |
C. | Unitary approach |
D. | Social action approach |
Answer» C. Unitary approach |
36. |
The balance of power is not vested with any one group; rather, it is maintained between the parties to the industrial relations.” This is the essence of the |
A. | Pluralist approach |
B. | System approach |
C. | Unitary approach |
D. | Social action approach |
Answer» A. Pluralist approach |
37. |
That the behaviour, actions and role of the individuals are primarily shaped by the cultures of the society is the basic assumption in the |
A. | Pluralist approach |
B. | System approach |
C. | Unitary approach |
D. | Social action approach |
Answer» B. System approach |
38. |
Which of the following approaches assumes that the understanding of industrial relations requires an understanding of the capitalized society? |
A. | Marxist approach |
B. | Gandhian approach |
C. | Human relations approach |
D. | Giri approach |
Answer» A. Marxist approach |
39. |
Organizations are made up of people and the success of management lies in its dealings with these people.” This is the fundamental of the |
A. | Marxist approach |
B. | Gandhian approach |
C. | Human relations approach |
D. | Giri approach |
Answer» B. Gandhian approach |
40. |
Which of the following approaches assumes that voluntary negotiations between employers and employees are a means of settling disputes? |
A. | Marxist approach |
B. | Giri approach |
C. | Human relations approach |
D. | Gandhian approach |
Answer» C. Human relations approach |
41. |
Which of the following approaches insists on investigating the underlying trends and patterns in the cause and effect of industrial disputes? |
A. | Gandhian approach |
B. | Giri approach |
C. | Industrial sociology approach |
D. | Pluralist approach |
Answer» B. Giri approach |
42. |
Productivity bargaining is considered as a classic example of the |
A. | Oxford school approach |
B. | Giri approach |
C. | Human relations approach |
D. | Gandhian approach |
Answer» A. Oxford school approach |
43. |
Storey (2001) distinguishes between two variants of HRM, which are: |
A. | soft and hard |
B. | manipulative and consensual |
C. | traditional and innovative |
D. | none of the above |
Answer» A. soft and hard |
44. |
Which of the following is NOT one of the five shared properties of social exchange relationships given in your text? |
A. | costs and benefits |
B. | unvoiced expectations and obligations |
C. | procedural justice |
D. | unequal power |
Answer» C. procedural justice |
45. |
Schein (1980) draws attention to the existence of three types of contract in the employment relationship, which are: |
A. | formal. informal and psychological |
B. | legal, illegal and taken-for-granted |
C. | high-trust, low-trust and transactional |
D. | close, distant and exchanges |
Answer» A. formal. informal and psychological |
46. |
Who are the actors of Industrial Relations? |
A. | Workers and their organisations |
B. | Employers and their organisations |
C. | Government and the role of the State |
D. | all of the above |
Answer» D. all of the above |
47. |
Employees in the workplace often talk of 'us' and 'them'. Which frame of reference does This reflect? |
A. | Pluralism. |
B. | Radical. |
C. | Unitarism. |
D. | None |
Answer» A. Pluralism. |
48. |
According to the three tiered model of industrial relations, the workplace level within the New Deal industrial relations system gave |
A. | employers more control in the absence of labor contracts. |
B. | unions and employees greater uniformity and fairness in workplace administration. |
C. | society more instability because the system advocated conflictual settlements. |
D. | line supervisors more power in personnel decision making processes. |
Answer» A. employers more control in the absence of labor contracts. |
49. |
Industrial relations cover the following area(s) |
A. | Collective bargaining |
B. | Labour legislation |
C. | Industrial relations training |
D. | All of the above |
Answer» D. All of the above |
50. |
Under unitary approach, industrial relation is grounded in |
A. | Mutual co-operation |
B. | Individual treatment |
C. | Team work and shared goals |
D. | All of the above |
Answer» D. All of the above |
51. |
Pluralistic approach perceives ______ as legitimate representative of employee interests |
A. | Trade unions |
B. | Management |
C. | Board of Directors |
D. | None of the above |
Answer» A. Trade unions |
52. |
In Marxist approach, concerns with wage related disputes are |
A. | Primary |
B. | Secondary |
C. | Tertiary |
D. | Not considered |
Answer» B. Secondary |
53. |
For the Marxists, all strikes are |
A. | Political |
B. | Social |
C. | Legislative |
D. | None of the above |
Answer» A. Political |
54. |
Which of the following is (are) not acceptable to Marxists? |
A. | Enterprise bargaining |
B. | Employee participation |
C. | Co-operative work culture |
D. | All of the above |
Answer» D. All of the above |
55. |
Elton Mayo and his team believed in the positive nature of |
A. | Managers |
B. | Management |
C. | Employees |
D. | All of the above |
Answer» C. Employees |
56. |
Which of the following department has major interest in harmonious industrial relations |
A. | HR |
B. | Production |
C. | Finance |
D. | Marketing |
Answer» A. HR |
57. |
Characteristics of Industrial Relations do not include: |
A. | Industrial Relations are outcome of employment relationship in an industrial enterprise. |
B. | Industrial Relations promote the skills and methods of adjustment and co-operation with each other. |
C. | Industrial Relations create complex rules and regulations to maintain cordial relations. |
D. | Industrial Relations system creates an environment of distrust and conflict. |
Answer» D. Industrial Relations system creates an environment of distrust and conflict. |
58. |
Who are not the Actors of Industrial Relations? |
A. | Workers and their organisations |
B. | Employers and their organisations |
C. | Community and cultural associations |
D. | Government and the role of the State |
Answer» C. Community and cultural associations |
59. |
Which of the following trends in the employment relations in the new economic era is not correct? |
A. | Declining stability and security |
B. | Declining labour intensity |
C. | No shift from contract of service to contract of service |
D. | Declining mutual commitment |
Answer» C. No shift from contract of service to contract of service |
60. |
Assertion (A): Labour Welfare is relative to time and space. Reason (R): It shall be universal and perpetual. |
A. | Assertion and Reason are right. |
B. | Assertion is wrong and Reason is right. |
C. | Both Assertion and Reason are wrong. |
D. | Assertion is right but its explanation given in Reason is wrong. |
Answer» A. Assertion and Reason are right. |
61. |
Who are not the actors according to Dunlop’s framework of industrial relations system? |
A. | Managers and their representatives |
B. | Workers and their organisations |
C. | Specialized government agencies |
D. | Communities and their associations |
Answer» D. Communities and their associations |
62. |
According to whom ‘Conflict is necessary but it can be and needs to be managed and resolved’. |
A. | Unitarists |
B. | Pluralists |
C. | Classicalists |
D. | Modernists |
Answer» A. Unitarists |
63. |
Who has propounded the theory that “Industrial Conflict is a part of the broader social conflict between classes and used to explain fundamental historical process of change and development in human society”? |
A. | Frank Tannenbaum |
B. | Adam Smith |
C. | Karl Marx |
D. | G.D.H. Cole |
Answer» C. Karl Marx |
64. |
In which year the two consultative machinery Indian Labour Conference and Standing Labour Committee were constituted in India? |
A. | 1941 |
B. | 1942 |
C. | 1947 |
D. | 1951 |
Answer» D. 1951 |
65. |
Identify the functions of Joint Management Council: |
A. | Information sharing |
B. | Consultative |
C. | Administrative |
D. | All the above |
Answer» B. Consultative |
66. |
By which amendment the provisions of Workers’ Participation in Management was incorporated in the Indian Constitution? |
A. | 41 |
B. | 42 |
C. | 43 |
D. | 44 |
Answer» B. 42 |
67. |
WPM in which each party makes suggestions for improvement and the suggestions are acted upon is: - |
A. | Informal Cooperation |
B. | Advisory Cooperation |
C. | Constructive Cooperation |
D. | Joint Determination |
Answer» C. Constructive Cooperation |
68. |
WPM in which policy matters are jointly decided by the union and the employer is _____ |
A. | Informal Cooperation |
B. | Advisory Cooperation |
C. | Constructive Cooperation |
D. | Joint Determination |
Answer» D. Joint Determination |
69. |
The ID Act of 1947 provides for _____ form of WPM. |
A. | Works Committee |
B. | Joint Management Councils |
C. | Workers’ Representative |
D. | None of the above |
Answer» A. Works Committee |
70. |
The tenure of a Joint Council is of ____ year(s). |
A. | 1 |
B. | 2 |
C. | 3 |
D. | 5 |
Answer» B. 2 |
71. |
Who chooses the Vice Chairman of the Joint Council? |
A. | Chairman of the Council |
B. | Chairman with the approval of the workers’ representative |
C. | Worker-members of the Council |
D. | Appropriate Government |
Answer» C. Worker-members of the Council |
72. |
At the minimum the JC must meet atleast _____. |
A. | Once a month |
B. | Once every one and a half month |
C. | Once every Quarter |
D. | Once every six months |
Answer» C. Once every Quarter |
73. |
Unless explicitly mentioned in the decision agreement, the decisions taken by the UC must be implemented within _____ of the date when decision is taken. |
A. | 10 days |
B. | 14 days |
C. | 1 month |
D. | 40 days |
Answer» C. 1 month |
74. |
At the minimum the UC must meet atleast _____. |
A. | Once a month |
B. | Once every one and a half month |
C. | Once every Quarter |
D. | Once every six months |
Answer» A. Once a month |
75. |
The tenure of a Unit Council is of ____ year(s). |
A. | 1 |
B. | 2 |
C. | 3 |
D. | 5 |
Answer» C. 3 |
76. |
A Plant Council must have atleastone woman employee representative if ____ percent of the total workforce are women. |
A. | 5 |
B. | 10 |
C. | 15 |
D. | 20 |
Answer» C. 15 |
77. |
A plant council can have ____ members. |
A. | 6 |
B. | 6-12 |
C. | 6-18 |
D. | 6-20 |
Answer» C. 6-18 |
78. |
The tenure of a Plant Council is of ____ year(s). |
A. | 1 |
B. | 2 |
C. | 3 |
D. | 5 |
Answer» C. 3 |
79. |
At the minimum the PC must meet atleast _____. |
A. | Once a month |
B. | Once every one and a half month |
C. | Once every Quarter |
D. | Once every six months |
Answer» C. Once every Quarter |
80. |
A Shop Council has to be appointed for every industrial unit employing _____ or more workers. |
A. | 150 |
B. | 200 |
C. | 250 |
D. | 500 |
Answer» D. 500 |
81. |
The maximum number of members that a Shop Council can have is ____. |
A. | 3 |
B. | 6 |
C. | 10 |
D. | 12 |
Answer» D. 12 |
82. |
Tenure of an SC is of ____ year(s). |
A. | 1 |
B. | 2 |
C. | 3 |
D. | 5 |
Answer» C. 3 |
83. |
At the minimum the SC must meet atleast _____. |
A. | Once a month |
B. | Once every one and a half month |
C. | Once every Quarter |
D. | Once every six months |
Answer» A. Once a month |
84. |
Which of the following is a minor punishment? |
A. | Discharge |
B. | Demotion |
C. | Dismissal |
D. | Punitive Suspension |
Answer» D. Punitive Suspension |
85. |
Which of the following is a major punishment? |
A. | Written Reprimand |
B. | Oral Reprimand |
C. | Loss of Privileges |
D. | Withholding of incentives |
Answer» D. Withholding of incentives |
86. |
The cardinal principle(s) of grievance settlement is/are: - |
A. | Settlement at the lowest level |
B. | Settlement as expeditiously as possible |
C. | Settlement to the satisfaction of the aggrieves |
D. | All of the above |
Answer» D. All of the above |
87. |
Which of the following is not a grievance resulting form management policy? |
A. | Seniority |
B. | Hostility towards a labor union |
C. | Changes in schedules and/or procedures |
D. | Lack of career planning |
Answer» C. Changes in schedules and/or procedures |
88. |
Boxes in which employees can drop their anonymous complaints are called _____ |
A. | Gripe Boxes |
B. | Suggestion Boxes |
C. | Gripe/Suggestion Boxes |
D. | None of the Above |
Answer» A. Gripe Boxes |
89. |
Which act(s) talks about the settlement of grievances in the Indian industry? |
A. | Factories Act |
B. | Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act |
C. | Industrial Disputes Act |
D. | All of the above |
Answer» D. All of the above |
90. |
Which of the following does not constitute a grievance |
A. | Discontent arising out of working hours |
B. | Discontent arising out of matters related to pay |
C. | Discontent arising out of violation of CB agreement |
D. | Discontent arising out of outside sources |
Answer» D. Discontent arising out of outside sources |
91. |
Which of the following is not a feature of Collective Bargaining? |
A. | Group Action |
B. | Flexible |
C. | Continuous |
D. | Competitive |
Answer» D. Competitive |
92. |
__________ is the orthodox procedure of labor negotiations. |
A. | Haggling Bargaining |
B. | Boulwarism |
C. | Continuous Bargaining |
D. | None of the above |
Answer» A. Haggling Bargaining |
93. |
The presence of grievances among employees may cause |
A. | indiscipline among them |
B. | strain on the labor–management relations |
C. | a decline in the employees’ performance and productivity |
D. | all of the above |
Answer» D. all of the above |
94. |
Which of the following techniques permits the grievant (complainant) to remain anonymous? |
A. | The exit interview |
B. | The gripe-box system |
C. | The opinion survey |
D. | None of the above |
Answer» B. The gripe-box system |
95. |
The management should redress only those grievances that are |
A. | real |
B. | imaginary |
C. | real or imaginary |
D. | none of the above |
Answer» C. real or imaginary |
96. |
In which of the following methods are grievances ascertained at the time of employees quitting the organization? |
A. | The exit interview method |
B. | The gripe-box system |
C. | The open-door policy |
D. | Opinion surveys |
Answer» A. The exit interview method |
97. |
Which of the following is not a grievance concerned with supervision? |
A. | A misunderstanding between the supervisor and the workers |
B. | Rigidity in the interpretation of rules and regulations |
C. | Ambiguous job instructions |
D. | Violation and/or non-fulfillment of the terms of collective bargaining agreements |
Answer» D. Violation and/or non-fulfillment of the terms of collective bargaining agreements |
98. |
When workers are encouraged to meet the relevant manager in his office and to share their opinions, it is called |
A. | an opinion survey |
B. | the gripe-box system |
C. | the open-door policy |
D. | the exit interview method |
Answer» C. the open-door policy |
99. |
Find the odd man out among the following fundamental principles governing any grievance procedure. |
A. | Settlement at the lowest level |
B. | Settlement in favour of management |
C. | Settlement as expeditiously as possible |
D. | Settlement to the satisfaction of the aggrieved |
Answer» B. Settlement in favour of management |
100. |
India’s wage policy is based on ? |
A. | Cost of Living |
B. | Standard of living |
C. | productivity |
D. | None of these |
Answer» A. Cost of Living |