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460+ Modern Western Philosophy Solved MCQs

These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy (BA Philosophy) .

201.

‘All our reasoning about causality is derived from nothing but custom’. This relates to -----

A. Kant
B. Hegel
C. Leibniz
D. Hume
Answer» D. Hume
202.

Kant’s Rational theology deals with ---------

A. The idea of God
B. Unity of self
C. The idea of world
D. None of these
Answer» A. The idea of God
203.

Who among the following is an Idealist philosopher

A. Descartes
B. Kant
C. Locke
D. None of these
Answer» B. Kant
204.

Descartes took -------- as the model of his philosophical method

A. Religion
B. Mathematics
C. Sociology
D. Arts
Answer» B. Mathematics
205.

------ is not a secondary quality according to Locke

A. Taste
B. Coluor
C. Extension
D. None of these
Answer» C. Extension
206.

‘Real is Rational, Rational is Real’ is the concept of ----------

A. Locke
B. Leibniz
C. Spinoza
D. Hegel
Answer» D. Hegel
207.

Who is considered as the father of modern philosophy

A. Kant
B. Descartes
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. Neither (a) nor (b)
Answer» B. Descartes
208.

According to Kant --------- judgments are always a priori

A. Synthetic
B. Ethical
C. Analytical
D. None of these
Answer» C. Analytical
209.

Which one of the following is a primary quality according to Locke

A. Colour
B. Figure
C. Extension
D. None of these
Answer» C. Extension
210.

Tabula rasa refers to --------

A. Empty cabinet
B. Subtle emotion
C. Knowledge
D. None of these
Answer» A. Empty cabinet
211.

Kant’s Rational cosmology deals with ----------

A. Unity of self
B. The idea of God
C. The idea of one world
D. All these
Answer» C. The idea of one world
212.

Which one of the following is a work of Kant

A. Ethics
B. Monadology
C. Critique of pure reason
D. All of these
Answer» C. Critique of pure reason
213.

Psycho physical parallelism is a theory of -----

A. Descartes
B. Leibniz
C. Spinoza
D. None of these
Answer» C. Spinoza
214.

Hegel developed his philosophy on the foundation laid by -------

A. Descartes
B. Fichte
C. Aristotle
D. None of these
Answer» B. Fichte
215.

Kant’s Rational Psychology deals with ------

A. The idea of world
B. The idea of God
C. Unity of self
D. None of these
Answer» C. Unity of self
216.

-------- is the method adopted by Kant

A. Inductive
B. Deductive
C. Empirical
D. Transcendental
Answer» D. Transcendental
217.

--------- is a mind body theory of Descartes

A. Psycho physical parallelism
B. Interactionism
C. Pre-established harmony
D. All these
Answer» B. Interactionism
218.

According to Kant , knowledge of things – in –itself is called -------

A. Phenomena
B. Substance
C. Noumena
D. None of these
Answer» C. Noumena
219.

Modern western philosophers unlike the medieval thinkers were critical about ___________.

A. scientific advance
B. dogmatic theology
C. rationalism
D. all these
Answer» B. dogmatic theology
220.

Transcendentalism 3. Descartes 4. Dialectical materialism 4. Hegel

A. 4, 2, 3,1
B. 1, 3, 4, 2
C. 2, 4, 3, 1
D. 3, 4, 1, 2
Answer» C. 2, 4, 3, 1
221.

Modernism marked a clear shift ___________.

A. from faith to reason
B. from reason to faith
C. from science to religion
D. from religion to science
Answer» A. from faith to reason
222.

European __________ is subdivided into the Humanistic and the Natural Science period.

A. Philosophy
B. Theology
C. Renaissance
D. None of these
Answer» C. Renaissance
223.

Modern western philosophers showed increased interest in ___________.

A. theology
B. scientific inquiry
C. astronomy
D. all these
Answer» B. scientific inquiry
224.

In the ___________ era, freedom of thought and rational inquiry became the watchwords of philosophy.

A. ancient
B. classical
C. medieval
D. modern
Answer» D. modern
225.

_____________ is considered as the father of modern western philosophy as well as rationalism

A. Descartes
B. Kant
C. Hume
D. Socrates
Answer» A. Descartes
226.

Find the odd one out.

A. Aristotle
B. Kant
C. Hume
D. Descartes
Answer» A. Aristotle
227.

_________ is/are not applicable to Descartes. 1. French 2. Medieval 3. Empiricist d) Rationalist

A. 1 and 2
B. 2 and 4
C. Only 2
D. 2 and 3
Answer» D. 2 and 3
228.

_________ is/are applicable to Descartes and Locke. 1. Medieval 2. Modern 3. Rationalist 4. Empiricist

A. 1 and 4
B. Only 2
C. Only 3
D. 2 and 4
Answer» B. Only 2
229.

__________ propositions need no proof.

A. Universal
B. Self-evident
C. Particular
D. None of these
Answer» B. Self-evident
230.

According to Descartes, deduction and _________ are the means to attain true knowledge.

A. experience
B. logic
C. intuition
D. all these
Answer» C. intuition
231.

According to Descartes, ___________ ideas are clear and distinct.

A. innate
B. adventitious
C. factitious
D. none of these
Answer» A. innate
232.

‘Cogito ergo sum’ refers to the idea of __________.

A. God
B. World
C. the Self
D. Reason
Answer» C. the Self
233.

Cartesian skepticism is precisely _____________.

A. ontological
B. methodological
C. ethical
D. axiological
Answer» B. methodological
234.

Dualism recognizes ____________.

A. one and only one substance
B. two substances
C. many substances
D. none of these
Answer» B. two substances
235.

___________ is not applicable to Spinoza. 1. Monism 2. Rationalism 3. Dualism 4. Pluralism

A. Only 3
B. Only 1
C. 1 and 2
D. 3 and 4
Answer» D. 3 and 4
236.

‘A substance cannot depend on anything else, and hence there can be only one substance.’ This position is precisely termed ______________.

A. Rationalism
B. Dualism
C. Monism
D. Empiricism
Answer» C. Monism
237.

Psychophysical ___________ is the view of Spinoza.

A. dualism
B. parallelism
C. interactionism
D. none of these
Answer» B. parallelism
238.

According to Spinoza, Reality is ____________.

A. God or Nature
B. Neither God nor Nature
C. Only God
D. Only Nature
Answer» A. God or Nature
239.

‘Mind and matter are not substances’. This is the point of Spinoza’s disagreement with _______.

A. Kant
B. Hume
C. Hegel
D. Descartes
Answer» D. Descartes
240.

Leibnitz conceived plurality of __________ substances.

A. spiritual
B. physical
C. material
D. all these
Answer» A. spiritual
241.

‘No two monads can ever have any causal relation to each other’. Hence, they are __________.

A. interactive
B. windowless
C. both (a) and (b)
D. neither (a) nor (b)
Answer» B. windowless
242.

According to Leibnitz, Monads are ___________ in number.

A. two
B. one
C. infinite
D. none of these
Answer» C. infinite
243.

According to Leibnitz, ____________ pre-established the harmony between monads.

A. None
B. God
C. Mind
D. Matter
Answer» B. God
244.

Spinoza’s monism is a solution suggested to resolve the problem of ____________ in Cartesian philosophy.

A. Rationalism
B. God
C. Dualism
D. Cogito
Answer» C. Dualism
245.

___________ was suggested as a hypothesis to solve the problem of mind-body interaction.

A. Dualism
B. Rationalism
C. Occasionalism
D. all these
Answer» C. Occasionalism
246.

According to Descartes, the very idea of a perfect being implies His existence. This is the _______ proof of the existence of God.

A. Ontological
B. Cosmological
C. Causal
D. All these
Answer» A. Ontological
247.

___________ recognize sense perception as the source and standard of knowledge.

A. Rationalists
B. Empiricists
C. Idealists
D. Intuitionists
Answer» B. Empiricists
248.

____________ is the author of Essay Concerning Human Understanding.

A. Spinoza
B. Descartes
C. Hegel
D. Locke
Answer» D. Locke
249.

Sensation and reflection are the primary sources of all ideas. This is the postulate of _________.

A. Rationalism
B. Idealism
C. Empiricism
D. None of these
Answer» C. Empiricism
250.

According to Locke, we understand the internal states of mind by __________.

A. Sensation
B. Intuition
C. Reflection
D. All these
Answer» C. Reflection

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