390+ Soft Computing and Optimization Algorithms Solved MCQs

These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Uncategorized topics .

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51.	Evolution Strategies is developed with
A.	selection
B.	mutation
C.	a population of size one
D.	all of these
Answer» D. all of these

discuss

52.	Evolution Strategies typically uses
A.	real-valued vector representations
B.	vector representation
C.	time based representation
D.	none of these
Answer» A. real-valued vector representations

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53.	in ES survival is
A.	indeterministic
B.	deterministic
C.	both a and b
D.	none of these
Answer» D. none of these

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54.	What is the first step in Evolutionary algorithm
A.	termination
B.	selection
C.	recombination
D.	initialization
Answer» D. initialization

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55.	Elements of ES are/is
A.	parent population size
B.	survival population size
C.	both a and b
D.	none of these
Answer» C. both a and b

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56.	What are different types of crossover
A.	discrete and intermedium
B.	discrete and continuous
C.	continuous and intemedium
D.	none of these
Answer» A. discrete and intermedium

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57.	Determining the duration of the simulation occurs before the model is validated and tested.
A.	true
B.	false
Answer» B. false

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58.	_________cannot easily be transferred from one problem domain to another
A.	optimal solution
B.	analytical solution
C.	simulation solutuon
D.	none of these
Answer» C. simulation solutuon

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59.	Discrete events and agent-based models are usuallly used for_____________.
A.	middle or low level of abstractions
B.	high level of abstraction
C.	very high level of abstraction
D.	none of these
Answer» A. middle or low level of abstractions

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60.	_____doesnot usually allow decision makers to see how a solution to a ___________envolves over time nor can decision makers interact with it.
A.	simulation ,complex problem
B.	simulation,easy problem
C.	genetics,complex problem
D.	genetics,easy problem
Answer» A. simulation ,complex problem

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61.	EC stands for?
A.	evolutionary computatons
B.	evolutionary computer
C.	electronic computations
D.	noneof these
Answer» A. evolutionary computatons

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62.	GA stands for
A.	genetic algorithm
B.	genetic asssurance
C.	genese alforithm
D.	noneof these
Answer» A. genetic algorithm

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63.	LCS stands for
A.	learning classes system
B.	learning classifier systems
C.	learned class system
D.	noneof these
Answer» B. learning classifier systems

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64.	GBML stands for
A.	genese based machine learning
B.	genes based mobile learning
C.	genetic bsed machine learning
D.	noneof these
Answer» C. genetic bsed machine learning

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65.	EV is dominantly used for solving ___.
A.	optimization problems
B.	np problem
C.	simple problems
D.	noneof these
Answer» A. optimization problems

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66.	EV is considered as?
A.	adaptive
B.	complex
C.	both a and b
D.	noneof these
Answer» C. both a and b

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67.	Parameters that affect GA
A.	initial population
B.	selection process
C.	fitness function
D.	all of these
Answer» D. all of these

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68.	Fitness function should be
A.	maximum
B.	minimum
C.	intermediate
D.	noneof these
Answer» B. minimum

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69.	Applying recombination and mutation leads to a set of new candidates, called as ?
A.	sub parents
B.	parents
C.	offsprings
D.	grand child
Answer» C. offsprings

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70.	____ decides who becomes parents and how many children the parents have.
A.	parent combination
B.	parent selection
C.	parent mutation
D.	parent replace
Answer» B. parent selection

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71.	Basic elements of EA are ?
A.	parent selection methods
B.	survival selection methods
C.	both a and b
D.	noneof these
Answer» C. both a and b

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72.	There are also other operators, more linguistic in nature, called __________ that can be applied to fuzzy set theory.
A.	hedges
B.	lingual variable
C.	fuzz variable
D.	none of the mentioned
Answer» A. hedges

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73.	A fuzzy set has a membership function whose membership values are strictly monotonically increasing or strictly monotonically decreasing or strictly monotonically increasing than strictly monotonically decreasing with increasing values for elements in the universe
A.	convex fuzzy set
B.	concave fuzzy set
C.	non concave fuzzy set
D.	non convex fuzzy set
Answer» A. convex fuzzy set

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74.	Which of the following neural networks uses supervised learning? (A) Multilayer perceptron (B) Self organizing feature map (C) Hopfield network
A.	(a) only
B.	(b) only
C.	(a) and (b) only
D.	(a) and (c) only
Answer» A. (a) only

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75.	What is the feature of ANNs due to which they can deal with noisy, fuzzy, inconsistent data?
A.	associative nature of networks
B.	distributive nature of networks
C.	both associative & distributive
D.	none of the mentioned
Answer» C. both associative & distributive

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76.	Feature of ANN in which ANN creates its own organization or representation of information it receives during learning time is
A.	adaptive learning
B.	self organization
C.	what-if analysis
D.	supervised learning
Answer» B. self organization

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77.	Any soft-computing methodology is characterised by
A.	precise solution
B.	control actions are unambiguous and accurate
C.	control actions is formally defined
D.	algorithm which can easily adapt with the change of dynamic environment
Answer» D. algorithm which can easily adapt with the change of dynamic environment

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78.	For what purpose Feedback neural networks are primarily used?
A.	classification
B.	feature mapping
C.	pattern mapping
D.	none of the mentioned
Answer» D. none of the mentioned

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79.	Operations in the neural networks can perform what kind of operations?
A.	serial
B.	parallel
C.	serial or parallel
D.	none of the mentioned
Answer» C. serial or parallel

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80.	What is ART in neural networks?
A.	automatic resonance theory
B.	artificial resonance theory
C.	adaptive resonance theory
D.	none of the mentioned
Answer» C. adaptive resonance theory

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81.	The values of the set membership is represented by ___________
A.	discrete set
B.	degree of truth
C.	probabilities
D.	both degree of truth & probabilities
Answer» B. degree of truth

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82.	Given U = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7} A = {(3, 0.7), (5, 1), (6, 0.8)} then A will be: (where ~ → complement)
A.	{(4, 0.7), (2,1), (1,0.8)}
B.	{(4, 0.3.): (5, 0), (6. 0.2) }
C.	{(l, 1), (2, 1), (3, 0.3), (4, 1), (6,0.2), (7, 1)}
D.	{(3, 0.3), (6.0.2)}
Answer» C. {(l, 1), (2, 1), (3, 0.3), (4, 1), (6,0.2), (7, 1)}

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83.	What are the following sequence of steps taken in designing a fuzzy logic machine ?
A.	fuzzification → rule evaluation → defuzzification
B.	fuzzification → defuzzification → rule evaluation
C.	rule evaluation → fuzzification → defuzzification
D.	rule evaluation → defuzzification → fuzzification
Answer» A. fuzzification → rule evaluation → defuzzification

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84.	If A and B are two fuzzy sets with membership functions μA(x) = {0.6, 0.5, 0.1, 0.7, 0.8} μB(x) = {0.9, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 0.5} Then the value of μ(A∪B)’(x) will be
A.	{0.9, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 0.8}
B.	{0.6, 0.2, 0.1, 0.7, 0.5}
C.	{0.1, 0.5, 0.4, 0.2, 0.2}
D.	{0.1, 0.5, 0.4, 0.2, 0.3}
Answer» C. {0.1, 0.5, 0.4, 0.2, 0.2}

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85.	Compute the value of adding the following two fuzzy integers: A = {(0.3,1), (0.6,2), (1,3), (0.7,4), (0.2,5)} B = {(0.5,11), (1,12), (0.5,13)} Where fuzzy addition is defined as μA+B(z) = maxx+y=z (min(μA(x), μB(x))) Then, f(A+B) is equal to
A.	{(0.5,12), (0.6,13), (1,14), (0.7,15), (0.7,16), (1,17), (1,18)}
B.	{(0.5,12), (0.6,13), (1,14), (1,15), (1,16), (1,17), (1,18)}
C.	{(0.3,12), (0.5,13), (0.5,14), (1,15), (0.7,16), (0.5,17), (0.2,18)}
D.	{(0.3,12), (0.5,13), (0.6,14), (1,15), (0.7,16), (0.5,17), (0.2,18)}
Answer» D. {(0.3,12), (0.5,13), (0.6,14), (1,15), (0.7,16), (0.5,17), (0.2,18)}

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86.	A U (B U C) =
A.	(a ∩ b) ∩ (a ∩ c)
B.	(a ∪ b ) ∪ c
C.	(a ∪ b) ∩ (a ∪ c)
D.	b ∩ a ∪ c
Answer» B. (a ∪ b ) ∪ c

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87.	Consider a fuzzy set A defined on the interval X = [0, 10] of integers by the membership Junction μA(x) = x / (x+2) Then the α cut corresponding to α = 0.5 will be
A.	{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
B.	{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
C.	{2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
D.	none of the above
Answer» C. {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}

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88.	The fuzzy proposition "IF X is E then Y is F" is a
A.	conditional unqualified proposition
B.	unconditional unqualified proposition
C.	conditional qualified proposition
D.	unconditional qualified proposition
Answer» A. conditional unqualified proposition

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89.	Choose the correct statement 1. A fuzzy set is a crisp set but the reverse is not true 2. If A,B and C are three fuzzy sets defined over the same universe of discourse such that A ≤ B and B ≤ C and A ≤ C 3. Membership function defines the fuzziness in a fuzzy set irrespecive of the elements in the set, which are discrete or continuous
A.	1 only
B.	2 and 3
C.	1,2 and 3
D.	none of these
Answer» B. 2 and 3

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90.	An equivalence between Fuzzy vs Probability to that of Prediction vs Forecasting is
A.	fuzzy ≈ prediction
B.	fuzzy ≈ forecasting
C.	probability ≈ forecasting
D.	none of these
Answer» B. fuzzy ≈ forecasting

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91.	Both fuzzy logic and artificial neural network are soft computing techniques because
A.	both gives precise and accurate result
B.	ann gives accurate result, but fuzzy logic does not
C.	in each, no precise mathematical model of problem is acquired
D.	fuzzy gives exact result but ann does not
Answer» C. in each, no precise mathematical model of problem is acquired

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92.	A fuzzy set whose membership function has at least one element x in the universe whose membership value is unity is called
A.	sub normal fuzzy sets
B.	normal fuzzy set
C.	convex fuzzy set
D.	concave fuzzy set
Answer» B. normal fuzzy set

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93.	----- defines logic funtion of two prepositions
A.	prepositions
B.	lingustic hedges
C.	truth tables
D.	inference rules
Answer» C. truth tables

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94.	In fuzzy propositions, ---- gives an approximate idea of the number of elements of a subset fulfilling certain conditions
A.	fuzzy predicate and predicate modifiers
B.	fuzzy quantifiers
C.	fuzzy qualifiers
D.	all of the above
Answer» B. fuzzy quantifiers

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95.	Multiple conjuctives antecedents is method of ----- in FLC
A.	decomposition rule
B.	formation of rule
C.	truth tables
D.	all of the above
Answer» A. decomposition rule

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96.	Multiple disjuctives antecedents is method of ----- in FLC
A.	decomposition rule
B.	formation of rule
C.	truth tables
D.	all of the above
Answer» A. decomposition rule

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97.	IF x is A and y is B then z=c (c is constant), is
A.	rule in zero order fis
B.	rule in first order fis
C.	both a and b
D.	neither a nor b
Answer» A. rule in zero order fis

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98.	A fuzzy set wherein no membership function has its value equal to 1 is called
A.	normal fuzzy set
B.	subnormal fuzzy set.
C.	convex fuzzy set
D.	concave fuzzy set
Answer» B. subnormal fuzzy set.

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99.	Mamdani's Fuzzy Inference Method Was Designed To Attempt What?
A.	control any two combinations of any two products by synthesising a set of linguistic control rules obtained from experienced human operations.
B.	control any two combinations of any two products by synthesising a set of linguistic control rules obtained from experienced human operations.
C.	control a steam engine and a boiler combination by synthesising a set of linguistic control rules obtained from experienced human operations.
D.	control a air craft and fuel level combination by synthesising a set of linguistic control rules obtained from experienced human operations.
Answer» C. control a steam engine and a boiler combination by synthesising a set of linguistic control rules obtained from experienced human operations.

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100.	What Are The Two Types Of Fuzzy Inference Systems?
A.	model-type and system-type
B.	momfred-type and semigi-type
C.	mamdani-type and sugeno-type
D.	mihni-type and sujgani-type
Answer» C. mamdani-type and sugeno-type

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390+ Soft Computing and Optimization Algorithms Solved MCQs

Evolution Strategies is developed with

Evolution Strategies typically uses

in ES survival is

What is the first step in Evolutionary algorithm

Elements of ES are/is

What are different types of crossover

Determining the duration of the simulation occurs before the model is validated and tested.

_________cannot easily be transferred from one problem domain to another

Discrete events and agent-based models are usuallly used for_____________.

_____doesnot usually allow decision makers to see how a solution to a ___________envolves over time nor can decision makers interact with it.

EC stands for?

GA stands for

LCS stands for

GBML stands for

EV is dominantly used for solving ___.

EV is considered as?

Parameters that affect GA

Fitness function should be

Applying recombination and mutation leads to a set of new candidates, called as ?

____ decides who becomes parents and how many children the parents have.

Basic elements of EA are ?

There are also other operators, more linguistic in nature, called __________ that can be applied to fuzzy set theory.

A fuzzy set has a membership function whose membership values are strictly monotonically increasing or strictly monotonically decreasing or strictly monotonically increasing than strictly monotonically decreasing with increasing values for elements in the universe

Which of the following neural networks uses supervised learning? (A) Multilayer perceptron (B) Self organizing feature map (C) Hopfield network

What is the feature of ANNs due to which they can deal with noisy, fuzzy, inconsistent data?

Feature of ANN in which ANN creates its own organization or representation of information it receives during learning time is

Any soft-computing methodology is characterised by

For what purpose Feedback neural networks are primarily used?

Operations in the neural networks can perform what kind of operations?

What is ART in neural networks?

The values of the set membership is represented by ___________

Given U = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7} A = {(3, 0.7), (5, 1), (6, 0.8)} then A will be: (where ~ → complement)

What are the following sequence of steps taken in designing a fuzzy logic machine ?

If A and B are two fuzzy sets with membership functions μA(x) = {0.6, 0.5, 0.1, 0.7, 0.8} μB(x) = {0.9, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 0.5} Then the value of μ(A∪B)’(x) will be

Compute the value of adding the following two fuzzy integers: A = {(0.3,1), (0.6,2), (1,3), (0.7,4), (0.2,5)} B = {(0.5,11), (1,12), (0.5,13)} Where fuzzy addition is defined as μA+B(z) = maxx+y=z (min(μA(x), μB(x))) Then, f(A+B) is equal to

A U (B U C) =

Consider a fuzzy set A defined on the interval X = [0, 10] of integers by the membership Junction μA(x) = x / (x+2) Then the α cut corresponding to α = 0.5 will be

The fuzzy proposition "IF X is E then Y is F" is a

An equivalence between Fuzzy vs Probability to that of Prediction vs Forecasting is

Both fuzzy logic and artificial neural network are soft computing techniques because

A fuzzy set whose membership function has at least one element x in the universe whose membership value is unity is called

----- defines logic funtion of two prepositions

In fuzzy propositions, ---- gives an approximate idea of the number of elements of a subset fulfilling certain conditions

Multiple conjuctives antecedents is method of ----- in FLC

Multiple disjuctives antecedents is method of ----- in FLC

IF x is A and y is B then z=c (c is constant), is

A fuzzy set wherein no membership function has its value equal to 1 is called

Mamdani's Fuzzy Inference Method Was Designed To Attempt What?

What Are The Two Types Of Fuzzy Inference Systems?

_doesnot usually allow decision makers to see how a solution to a _______envolves over time nor can decision makers interact with it.

Which of the following neural networks uses supervised learning?
(A) Multilayer perceptron
(B) Self organizing feature map
(C) Hopfield network

Given U = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7}

A = {(3, 0.7), (5, 1), (6, 0.8)}

then A will be: (where ~ → complement)

If A and B are two fuzzy sets with membership functions

μA(x) = {0.6, 0.5, 0.1, 0.7, 0.8}
μB(x) = {0.9, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 0.5}

Then the value of μ(A∪B)’(x) will be

Compute the value of adding the following two fuzzy integers:

A = {(0.3,1), (0.6,2), (1,3), (0.7,4), (0.2,5)}
B = {(0.5,11), (1,12), (0.5,13)}

Where fuzzy addition is defined as

μA+B(z) = maxx+y=z (min(μA(x), μB(x)))
Then, f(A+B) is equal to

Consider a fuzzy set A defined on the interval X = [0, 10] of integers by the membership Junction
μA(x) = x / (x+2)
Then the α cut corresponding to α = 0.5 will be