McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy (BA Philosophy) , Master of Arts in Philosophy (MA Philosophy) .
| 251. |
The rule of Hypothetical Syllogism ( H.S) is symbolized as |
| A. | P Ͻ q |
| B. | P Ͻ q |
| C. | P Ͻ q |
| D. | P Ͻ q |
| Answer» B. P Ͻ q | |
| 252. |
The rule of Absorption (Abs) is symbolized as |
| A. | p.q |
| B. | P Ͻ q |
| C. | p |
| D. | p |
| Answer» B. P Ͻ q | |
| 253. |
The rule of Simplification (Simp) is symbolized as |
| A. | P Ͻ q |
| B. | P . q |
| C. | P |
| D. | p |
| Answer» B. P . q | |
| 254. |
The rule of Addition is symbolized as |
| A. | p |
| B. | p |
| C. | P |
| D. | p . q |
| Answer» C. P | |
| 255. |
The rule of Conjunction (Conj) is symbolized as |
| A. | p . q |
| B. | p |
| C. | p |
| D. | P |
| Answer» D. P | |
| 256. |
Name the rule of inference P . Q) ≡ P V Q) |
| A. | Commutation ( Com )- |
| B. | Association (Assoc )- |
| C. | De Morgan’s Theorem De M ) |
| D. | Distribution Dist ) |
| Answer» C. De Morgan’s Theorem De M ) | |
| 257. |
Name the rule of inference p v q ) ≡ q v p ) |
| A. | Commutation ( Com )- |
| B. | De Morgan’s Theorem De M ) |
| C. | Distribution (Dist ) |
| D. | Association (Assoc )- |
| Answer» A. Commutation ( Com )- | |
| 258. |
Name the rule of inference [ p v q v r ) ] ≡ [ p v q ) v r ] |
| A. | De Morgan’s Theorem De M ) |
| B. | Distribution Dist ) |
| C. | Association (Assoc )- |
| D. | Commutation ( Com )- |
| Answer» C. Association (Assoc )- | |
| 259. |
Name the rule of inference [ p . q v r ) ] ≡ [ p . q ) v p. r) ] |
| A. | Association (Assoc )- |
| B. | Distribution (Dist ) |
| C. | De Morgan’s Theorem De M ) |
| D. | Commutation Com ) |
| Answer» B. Distribution (Dist ) | |
| 260. |
Name the rule of inference P ≡ p |
| A. | Transposition (Trans )- |
| B. | Material Implication (Impl)- |
| C. | Double Negation ( D .N )- |
| D. | Tautology ( Taut )- |
| Answer» C. Double Negation ( D .N )- | |
| 261. |
Name the rule of inference ( P Ͻ q ) ≡ Q Ͻ P ) |
| A. | Double Negation ( D .N )- |
| B. | Tautology ( Taut )- |
| C. | Transposition (Trans )- |
| D. | Material Equivalence ( Equiv )- |
| Answer» C. Transposition (Trans )- | |
| 262. |
Name the rule of inference ( P Ͻ q ) ≡ P v q ) |
| A. | Material Implication (Impl)- |
| B. | Transposition (Trans )- |
| C. | Material Equivalence ( Equiv )- |
| D. | Exportation ( E x p)- |
| Answer» A. Material Implication (Impl)- | |
| 263. |
Name the rule of inference P ≡ q ) ≡ [ p Ͻ q ) . ( q Ͻ p ) ] |
| A. | Material Implication (Impl)- |
| B. | Transposition (Trans )- |
| C. | Tautology |
| D. | Material Equivalence ( Equiv )- |
| Answer» D. Material Equivalence ( Equiv )- | |
| 264. |
Name the rule of inference [ (P . Q ) Ͻ r ) ] ≡ [ p Ͻ ( q Ͻ r ) ] |
| A. | Transposition (Trans )- |
| B. | Material Equivalence ( Equiv )- |
| C. | Material Implication (Impl)- |
| D. | Exportation ( E x p)- |
| Answer» D. Exportation ( E x p)- | |
| 265. |
Name the rule of inference P V Q) ≡ P . Q ) |
| A. | Material Implication (Impl)- |
| B. | De Morgan’s Theorems De M ) |
| C. | Exportation ( E x p)- |
| D. | Distribution (Dist ) |
| Answer» B. De Morgan’s Theorems De M ) | |
| 266. |
Name the rule of inference p . q ) ≡ q . p ) |
| A. | Commutation ( Com )- |
| B. | Distribution (Dist ) |
| C. | Exportation ( E x p)- |
| D. | Transposition (Trans )- |
| Answer» A. Commutation ( Com )- | |
| 267. |
Name the rule of inference [ p . q . r ) ] ≡ [ p . q ) . r ] |
| A. | Exportation ( E x p)- |
| B. | De Morgan’s Theorems De M ) |
| C. | Association (Assoc )- |
| D. | Distribution (Dist ) |
| Answer» C. Association (Assoc )- | |
| 268. |
Name the rule of inference P ≡ q ) ≡ [ p . q ) v P . Q ) ] |
| A. | Exportation ( E x p)- |
| B. | Material Equivalence ( Equiv )- |
| C. | Distribution (Dist ) |
| D. | Material Implication (Impl)- |
| Answer» B. Material Equivalence ( Equiv )- | |
| 269. |
Name the rule of inference p ≡ p . p ) |
| A. | Material Implication (Impl)- |
| B. | Commutation ( Com )- |
| C. | Tautology ( Taut )- |
| D. | Association (Assoc )- |
| Answer» C. Tautology ( Taut )- | |
| 270. |
The process of obtaining a proposition from a propositional function by substituting a constant for a variable is called ………………………………… |
| A. | quantification |
| B. | deduction |
| C. | instantiation |
| D. | generalization |
| Answer» C. instantiation | |
| 271. |
General propositions can be regarded as resulting from propositional functions by a process called |
| A. | instantiation |
| B. | substitution |
| C. | deduction |
| D. | quantification |
| Answer» D. quantification | |
| 272. |
The phrase ‘Given any x’ is called ……………………………………. |
| A. | a propositional function |
| B. | a universal quantifier |
| C. | truth-function |
| D. | an existential quantifier |
| Answer» B. a universal quantifier | |
| 273. |
Universal quantifier is symbolized as ………… |
| A. | ‘ x)’ |
| B. | ′ ∃x)’ |
| C. | ‘ X’ |
| D. | ‘ ∃x’ |
| Answer» A. ‘ x)’ | |
| 274. |
The phrase ‘ there is at least one x such that’ is called ……………………………… |
| A. | a universal quantifier |
| B. | a propositional function |
| C. | an existential quantifier |
| D. | truth-function |
| Answer» C. an existential quantifier | |
| 275. |
An ‘existential quantifier’ is symbolized as , |
| A. | ‘ ∃x’ |
| B. | ‘ x)’ |
| C. | ‘ X’ |
| D. | ( ∃x ) |
| Answer» D. ( ∃x ) | |
| 276. |
‘Everything is mortal ‘ is symbolized as ………… |
| A. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| B. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| C. | (x) M x |
| D. | (x) M x |
| Answer» C. (x) M x | |
| 277. |
‘ Something is mortal’ is symbolized as |
| A. | (x) M x |
| B. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| C. | (x) M x |
| D. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| Answer» D. ( ∃x ) M x | |
| 278. |
‘ Nothing is mortal’ is symbolized as |
| A. | (x) M x |
| B. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| C. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| D. | (x) M x |
| Answer» A. (x) M x | |
| 279. |
‘Something is not mortal’ is symbolized as |
| A. | (x) M x |
| B. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| C. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| D. | (x) M x |
| Answer» B. ( ∃x ) M x | |
| 280. |
The negation of x) M x is logically equivalent to………………………………. |
| A. | (x) M x |
| B. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| C. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| D. | (x) M x |
| Answer» C. ( ∃x ) M x | |
| 281. |
The negation of (x) M x is logically equivalent to………………………………. |
| A. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| B. | (x) M x |
| C. | (x) M x |
| D. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| Answer» D. ( ∃x ) M x | |
| 282. |
The negation of ( ∃x) M x is logically equivalent to …………………. |
| A. | (x) M x |
| B. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| C. | (x) M x |
| D. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| Answer» A. (x) M x | |
| 283. |
The negation of ( ∃x) M x is logically equivalent to ………………………. |
| A. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| B. | (x) M x |
| C. | ( ∃x ) M x |
| D. | (x) M x |
| Answer» B. (x) M x | |
| 284. |
‘ All fruits are ripe’ is symbolized as |
| A. | ( ∃x ) ( F x . R x ) |
| B. | ( ∃x ) ( F x . R x ) |
| C. | (x) ( F x Ͻ R x ) |
| D. | (x) ( F x Ͻ R x ) |
| Answer» C. (x) ( F x Ͻ R x ) | |
| 285. |
‘ No fruits are ripe ‘ is symbolized as |
| A. | (x) ( F x Ͻ R x ) |
| B. | ( ∃x ) ( F x . R x ) |
| C. | (x) ( F x Ͻ R x ) |
| D. | ( ∃x ) ( F x . R x ) |
| Answer» C. (x) ( F x Ͻ R x ) | |
| 286. |
‘Some fruits are ripe’ is symbolized as |
| A. | ( ∃x ) ( F x . R x ) |
| B. | ( ∃x ) ( F x . R x ) |
| C. | (x) ( F x Ͻ R x ) |
| D. | (x) ( F x Ͻ R x ) |
| Answer» B. ( ∃x ) ( F x . R x ) | |
| 287. |
‘Some fruits are not ripe’ is symbolized as |
| A. | (x) ( F x Ͻ R x ) |
| B. | (x) ( F x Ͻ R x ) |
| C. | ( ∃x ) ( F x . R x ) |
| D. | ( ∃x ) ( F x . R x ) |
| Answer» D. ( ∃x ) ( F x . R x ) | |
| 288. |
As per modern interpretation of traditional subject-predicate propositions, A and O propositions are ………………….. |
| A. | contraries |
| B. | sub-contraries |
| C. | sub alterns |
| D. | contradictories |
| Answer» D. contradictories | |
| 289. |
As per modern interpretation of traditional subject-predicate propositions, E and I propositions are ……………………………… |
| A. | Contradictories |
| B. | sub alterns |
| C. | sub-contraries |
| D. | contraries |
| Answer» A. Contradictories | |
| 290. |
The universal quantification of a propositional function is true if and only if ……... |
| A. | at least one substitution instance is true |
| B. | all of it’s substitution instances are false |
| C. | all of it’s substitution instances are true |
| D. | it has both true and false substitution instances |
| Answer» C. all of it’s substitution instances are true | |
| 291. |
The relation between the general propositions (x) Mx and (∃x ) Mx is …………… |
| A. | contrary |
| B. | contradiction |
| C. | sub contrary |
| D. | sub altern |
| Answer» B. contradiction | |
| 292. |
The relation between the general propositions x) Mx and (∃x ) Mx is ………..…… |
| A. | contradiction |
| B. | sub contrary |
| C. | sub altern |
| D. | contrary |
| Answer» A. contradiction | |
| 293. |
The relation between the general propositions x) Mx and x) Mx is ……..……… |
| A. | sub contrary |
| B. | contradiction |
| C. | sub altern |
| D. | contrary |
| Answer» D. contrary | |
| 294. |
The relation between the general propositions (∃x ) Mx and (∃x ) Mx is ………… |
| A. | contrary |
| B. | sub altern |
| C. | sub contrary |
| D. | contradiction |
| Answer» C. sub contrary | |
| 295. |
If x) Mx is true, then x) Mx is ………………… |
| A. | true |
| B. | false |
| C. | true or false |
| D. | valid |
| Answer» B. false | |
| 296. |
If (x) Mx is true, then (∃x ) Mx is ………………….. |
| A. | false |
| B. | true |
| C. | valid |
| D. | true or false |
| Answer» B. true | |
| 297. |
If (x) Mx is true, then (∃x ) Mx is ………………………….. |
| A. | true or false |
| B. | true |
| C. | false |
| D. | valid |
| Answer» C. false | |
| 298. |
If x) Mx is false, then x) Mx is ………………… |
| A. | valid |
| B. | true |
| C. | true or false |
| D. | false |
| Answer» C. true or false | |
| 299. |
If (x) Mx is false, then (∃x ) Mx is ………………….. |
| A. | true or false |
| B. | false |
| C. | valid |
| D. | true |
| Answer» A. true or false | |
| 300. |
If (x) Mx is false, then (∃x ) Mx is ………………………….. |
| A. | true |
| B. | valid |
| C. | false |
| D. | true or false |
| Answer» A. true | |
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