McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: General Knowledge (GK) , Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) .
| 501. |
In which of the following years, 26th January was celebrated as an independence day? |
| A. | 1930 |
| B. | 1929 |
| C. | 1942 |
| D. | 1946 |
| Answer» A. 1930 | |
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Explanation: The Purna Swaraj declaration or Declaration of the Independence of India was promulgated by the Indian National Congress on January 26, 1930, resolving the Congress and Indian nationalists to fight for Purna Swaraj, or complete self-rule independent of the British Empire. |
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| 502. |
Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi was called as ‘Mahatma' by - |
| A. | Bal Gangadhar Tilak |
| B. | Motilal Nehru |
| C. | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| D. | Rabindra Nath Tagore |
| Answer» D. Rabindra Nath Tagore | |
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Explanation: The honorific Mahatma ("Great Soul"), was given to him in 1915 by his friend Rabindranath Tagore. He never accepted the title because he considered himself unworthy of it. There are several accounts to this story but generally it is believed that the poet Rabin dranath Tagore called him Mahatma. |
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| 503. |
The 'Mohammadan Anglo-Oriental College' later became the - |
| A. | Osamania University |
| B. | Jamía-Milia Muslim University |
| C. | Baraktullah University |
| D. | Aligarh Muslim University |
| Answer» D. Aligarh Muslim University | |
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Explanation: Aligarh Muslim University was established by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan as Madrasatul Uloom Musalman-ane-Hind, in 1875 which later became Mohamme-an Anglo- Oriental College (MAO College). It was de- signed to train Muslims for government service in India and prepare them for advanced training in British universities. |
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| 504. |
In which state was the first Non- Congress Government set up in independent India? |
| A. | Punjab |
| B. | Bihar |
| C. | Maharashtra |
| D. | Kerala |
| Answer» D. Kerala | |
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Explanation: India had non-Congress governments in some states even in 1951, with the first communist government under E.M.S. Namboodiripad in Kerala and a coalition in the Patiala and Eastern Punjab States Union (later merged with Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh). |
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| 505. |
Who was the last Governor-General of India? |
| A. | Sir Cripps |
| B. | Lord Mountbatten |
| C. | C. Rajagopalachari |
| D. | Sir Attlee |
| Answer» C. C. Rajagopalachari | |
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Explanation: C. Rajagopalachari was the last Governor-General of India from 1948 to 1950. Later he was Home Minister from 1951 to 1952 and as Chief Minister of Madras state from 1952 to 1954. |
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| 506. |
Who said "Patriotism is religion and religion is love for India"? |
| A. | Raj Narain Bose |
| B. | Bal Gangadhar Tilak |
| C. | Swami Vivekananda |
| D. | Bankim Chandra Chatterjee |
| Answer» D. Bankim Chandra Chatterjee | |
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Explanation: These were the utterances of Bankim Chandra Chatterjee. |
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| 507. |
Hardayal, an intellectual giant, was associated with - |
| A. | Home Rule Movement |
| B. | Ghadar Movement |
| C. | Swadeshi Movement |
| D. | Non-Cooperation Movement |
| Answer» B. Ghadar Movement | |
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Explanation: Lala Har Dayal was a Indian nationalist revolutionary who founded the Ghadar Party in America. He was a polymath who turned down a career in the Indian Civil Service. His simple living and intellectual acumen inspired many expatriate Indians living in Canada and the USA to fight against British Imperialism during the First World War. |
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| 508. |
Which among the following places, was not an important centre of the Revolt of 1857? |
| A. | Agra |
| B. | Kanpu |
| C. | Jhansi |
| D. | Lucknow |
| Answer» A. Agra | |
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Explanation: The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoys of the East India Company's army on 10 May 1857, in the town of Meerut, and soon escalat other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with the major hostilities confined to present-day Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, northern Madhya Pradesh, and the Delhi region. |
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| 509. |
Who, among the following, abolished the Dual System of Government in Bengal? |
| A. | Lord Clive |
| B. | Lord Cornwallis |
| C. | Spencer |
| D. | Lord Warren Hastings |
| Answer» D. Lord Warren Hastings | |
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Explanation: Warren Hastings became the Governor of Bengal in 1772 and in 1774. He became the first Governor General of Bengal. He put an end to the dual system of government in Bengal which was established by Robert Clive in 1765. |
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| 510. |
Who is called the 'Nightingale of India'? |
| A. | Vijay Lakshmi Pandit |
| B. | Sarojini Naidu |
| C. | Aruna Asaf Ali |
| D. | Sucheta Kriplaní |
| Answer» B. Sarojini Naidu | |
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Explanation: Sarojini Naidu, also known by the sobriquet The Nightingale of India, was a child prodigy, Indian was independence activist and poet, Naidu was one of the framers of the Indian Constitution. |
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| 511. |
The first Governor General of the East India Company in India was - |
| A. | Robert Clive |
| B. | Sir John Shore |
| C. | Warren Hastings |
| D. | Marquis of Hastings |
| Answer» C. Warren Hastings | |
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Explanation: Warren Hastings became the Governor of Bengal in 1772 and in 1774. He became thefirst GovernorGeneral of Bengal. Hewas the first Governor-Gener-al of India, from 1773 to 1785. |
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| 512. |
Who expounded “The Theory of Drain”? |
| A. | Tilak |
| B. | Dadabhai Nauroji |
| C. | Gokhale |
| D. | Govinda Ranade |
| Answer» B. Dadabhai Nauroji | |
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Explanation: The acknowledged high priest of the drain theory was Dadabhai Naoroji. It was in 1867 that Dadabhai Naoroji put forward the idea that Britain was draining India. |
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| 513. |
In the integration of Princely States, the following played a major role : |
| A. | Pannikar and Kunzru |
| B. | S.K. Dhar and Fazal Ali |
| C. | Vallabhbhai Patel and V.P. Menon |
| D. | Vallabhbhai Patel and Jawahar Lal Nehru |
| Answer» C. Vallabhbhai Patel and V.P. Menon | |
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Explanation: In July 1947, States Ministry was set up in Delhi under stewardship of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. Mr. VP Menon acted as the Secretary of this department. |
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| 514. |
Who among the following Viceroys became a victim of one of the convicts during his visit to the Andamans? |
| A. | Curzon |
| B. | Mayo |
| C. | Ripon |
| D. | Lyttor |
| Answer» B. Mayo | |
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Explanation: Lord Mayo (1869-1872) was stabbed to death by a Pathan convict in the Andamans. |
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| 515. |
Which one of the following statements is not true in respect of A.O. Hume? |
| A. | He was an ornithologist. |
| B. | He was a member of the Indian Civil Service. |
| C. | He founded the Indian National Congress, |
| D. | He presided over the Congress Annual Sessions twice. |
| Answer» A. He was an ornithologist. | |
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Explanation: Allan Octavian Hume was a civil servant, political reformer and amateur ornithologist and horticulturalist in British India. He was one of the founders of the Indian National Congress. Though it was he who emerged as the founder of the Congress, it had some how never happened to Hume to preside over a plenary session even once |
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| 516. |
Which of the following movements saw the biggest peasant guerilla war on the eve of independence? |
| A. | Noakhali Movement |
| B. | Tebhaga Movement |
| C. | Punnapra Vayalar Movement |
| D. | Telangana Movement |
| Answer» D. Telangana Movement | |
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Explanation: The Telangana Movement was the biggest peasant guerrilla war of modern Indian history affecting 3000 villages and 3 million populations. The uprising begarn in July 1946 and was at its greatest intensity between August 1947 and September 1948. |
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| 517. |
Wo was the ruler of Delhi when Ahmad Shah Abdali defeated the Marathas in the third Battle of Panipat in 1761? |
| A. | Alamgir I |
| B. | Muhammad Shah |
| C. | Jahandar Shah |
| D. | Shah Alam II |
| Answer» D. Shah Alam II | |
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Explanation: The Third Battle of Panipat was fought in 1761 between the Afghan invader Ahmad Shah Abdali and the Marathas. Ali Gauhar, better known as Shah Alam II (October 1760- November 1806) was the Mughal Emperor then. He was installed on the throne of Delhi under the Maratha suzerainty. |
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| 518. |
In 1939 Subhash Chandra Bose was elected as President of the Congress Party defeating - |
| A. | Pattabhi Sitharamayya |
| B. | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| C. | Maulana Abul Kalam Azad |
| D. | VB Patel |
| Answer» A. Pattabhi Sitharamayya | |
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Explanation: Subhash Chandra Bose was elected Congress President in 1938 and 1939. At the end of his first term the presidential election to the Tripuri Congress session took place early in 1939. Netaji was re – elected by defeating Dr Pattabhi Sitaramayaa who had been backed by the Mahatma Gandhi and the Congress Working Committee. |
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| 519. |
"Earth provides enough to satisfy everyman's need but not everyman's greed". Who said this? |
| A. | Guru Nanak Dev |
| B. | Mahatma Gandhi |
| C. | Pope Paul VI |
| D. | Smt. Indira Gandhi |
| Answer» B. Mahatma Gandhi | |
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Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi said, "Earth provides enough to satisfy every man's need, but not every man's greed." What Gandhi meant was that the nature earth has enough resources and means to meet the basic requirements of a man but it can't serve the endless greed of man. |
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| 520. |
The Kakori conspiracy was a train robbery that took place between Kakori and Lucknow in - |
| A. | 1931 |
| B. | 1919 |
| C. | 1925 |
| D. | 1929 |
| Answer» C. 1925 | |
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Explanation: The Kakori Conspiracy was a train robbery that took place between Kakorí near Lucknow, on 9 August 1925 during the Indian Independence Movement against the British Indian Government. The robbery was carried out by Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Rajendra Lahiri, Chandrashekhar Azad and others. |
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| 521. |
What was 'Komagata Maru'? |
| A. | An army unit |
| B. | A harbour |
| C. | A ship |
| D. | An industrial township |
| Answer» C. A ship | |
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Explanation: Komagata Maru was a Japanese ship that travelled from Hong Kong to Vancouver in 1914, carrying economic migrants who did not like their living conditions back in India. However, a majority of the pasengers was not allowed to disembark in Canada, and the ship was forced to return toIndia. |
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| 522. |
Who was the reformer of oppressed and backward classes? |
| A. | Dayanand Saraswati |
| B. | Raja Ram Mohan Roy |
| C. | Dr. B.R. Ambedkar |
| D. | Mahatma Gandhi |
| Answer» C. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar | |
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Explanation: B. R. Ambedkar campaigned against social discrimination against Untouchables (Dalits) and other oppressed classes. He injected a degree of self-respect to the backward communities and brought them into the national movement. |
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| 523. |
Khilafat Movement was connected with which of the following? |
| A. | Turkey |
| B. | Egypt |
| C. | Saudi Arabia |
| D. | Iran |
| Answer» A. Turkey | |
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Explanation: The Khilafat movement was an agitation by Indian Muslims, allied with Indian nationalists, to pressure the British governmentto preserve the authority of the Ottoman Sultan of Turkey as Caliph of Islam after World War I. The movement occurred simultaneously with the Non-cooperation movement and was focused on increasing Hindu Muslim unity. |
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| 524. |
Who is the first female governor of Independent India? |
| A. | Vijayalakshmi Pandit |
| B. | Sharda Mukherjee |
| C. | Fathima Beevi |
| D. | Sarojini Naidu |
| Answer» D. Sarojini Naidu | |
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Explanation: Sarojini Naidu was the first woman to become the governor of a state in India after India's independence. She held the post of Governor of Uttar Pradesh from 15 August 1947 to 2 March 1949. Her daughter Padmaja Naidu was the second woman to be the Governor of any Indian state when she held the position of West Bengal Governor during 1956- 1967. |
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| 525. |
Who is generally considered to be the father of the Indian Renaissance? |
| A. | Rabindranath Tagore |
| B. | Raja Rammohan Roy |
| C. | Mahatma Phule |
| D. | M.G. Ranade |
| Answer» B. Raja Rammohan Roy | |
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Explanation: Raja Ram Mohan Roy, the founder of Brahmo Samaj, is considered to be the father of Indian renaissance due to his modernistic influence on Indian politics, public administration and education as well as religion |
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| 526. |
Jallianwala incident took place at - |
| A. | Allahabad |
| B. | Lucknow |
| C. | Surat |
| D. | Amritsar |
| Answer» D. Amritsar | |
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Explanation: The Jallianwala incident took place on 13 April 1919 when a crowd of nonviolent protesters, who had gathered in Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar, were fired upon by troops of the British Indian Army under the command of Reginald Dyer. It is also known as the Amritsar massacre. |
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| 527. |
The Battle of Plassey was fought in year |
| A. | 1775 |
| B. | 1757 |
| C. | 1761 |
| D. | 1576 |
| Answer» B. 1757 | |
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Explanation: The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies on 23 June 1757. The battle established the Company rule in Bengal which expanded over much of India for the next hundred years. |
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| 528. |
The Dandi March of Gandhi is an example of - |
| A. | Direct Action |
| B. | Boycott |
| C. | Civil Disobedience |
| D. | Non-Cooperation |
| Answer» A. Direct Action | |
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Explanation: The Salt March which began with the Dandi March on 12 March 1930 was an important part of the Indian independence movement. It was a direct a campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly in colonial India. |
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| 529. |
The Third Battle of Panipat was fought between - |
| A. | the Marathas and the Afghans |
| B. | the Marathas and the Mughals |
| C. | the Mughals and the Afghans |
| D. | the Marathas and the Rajputs |
| Answer» A. the Marathas and the Afghans | |
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Explanation: The Third Battle of Panipat was fought between the Marathas and the Afghans in 1761. Ahmad Shah Abdali defeated Marathas. |
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| 530. |
Who termed Cripps' proposals as a post dated cheque in a crashing bank'? |
| A. | Ambedkar |
| B. | Annie Besant |
| C. | Patel |
| D. | Gandhiji |
| Answer» D. Gandhiji | |
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Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi thought Cripps's proposals as inadequate and treated them as post-datedcheque. |
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| 531. |
Which place among the following was the headquarters of-the Portuguese in India? |
| A. | Cochin |
| B. | Goa |
| C. | Calicut |
| D. | Cannanore |
| Answer» B. Goa | |
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Explanation: In 1510, Afonso de Albuquerque defeated the Bijapur sultans with the help of Timayya, on behalf of the Hindu Vijayanagara Empire, leading to the establishment of a permanent settlement in Velha Goa (or Old Goa). |
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| 532. |
Bal, Pal and Lal were the most prominent leaders of the - |
| A. | Swaraj Party |
| B. | Militant National Party |
| C. | Gadar Party |
| D. | Congress Party |
| Answer» D. Congress Party | |
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Explanation: Lal Bal Pal, (Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal) were assertive nationalistsatriumvirate who advocated the Swadeshi movement involving the boycott of all imported items and the use of Indian-made goods in 1907. |
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| 533. |
Who among the following attended all the three Round Table Conferences? |
| A. | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| B. | Dr. B. R. Ambedkar |
| C. | Vallabhbhai Patel |
| D. | Dr. Rajendra Prasad |
| Answer» B. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar | |
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Explanation: In 1929, Ambedkar made the controversial deci-sion to co-operate with the all-British Simon Commission which was to look into setting up a responsible Indian Government in India. The Congress decided to boycott the Commission and drafted its own version of a constitution for free India. |
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| 534. |
The Gandhian economy was based on the principle of - |
| A. | State control |
| B. | Competition |
| C. | Trusteeship |
| D. | Rural co-operation |
| Answer» C. Trusteeship | |
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Explanation: Trusteeship is a socio-economic philosophy that was propounded by Mahatma Gandhi. It provides a means by which the wealthy people would be the trustees of trusts that looked after the welfare of the people in general. This concept was condemned by socialists as being in favor of the landlords, feudal princes and the capitalists. |
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| 535. |
Who among the following was famous for framing the education minute? |
| A. | Lord Elgin |
| B. | Lord Macaulay |
| C. | Sadler |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» B. Lord Macaulay | |
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Explanation: Lord Macaulay introduced English education in India through his famous minute of February 1835. He called an educational system that would crate a class of anglicised Indians who would serve as cultural intermediaries between the British and the Indans. |
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| 536. |
Who, among the following, has been known as the 'Frontier Gan-dhi'? |
| A. | Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan |
| B. | Khan Saheb |
| C. | Chaudhary Shaukatullah |
| D. | Liaquat Ali Khan |
| Answer» A. Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan | |
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Explanation: Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was a Pashtun political and spiritual leader of British India known for his nonviolent opposition to British Rule in what is now Pakistan and India. A lifelong pacifist, and a close friend of Mohandas Gandhi, he was also known as Fakhr- e-Afghan (The Afghan pride"), Badshah Khan (also Bacha Khan) and Sarhaddi Gandhi ('Frontier Gandhi’). |
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| 537. |
The credit of discovering the sea route of India goes to the - |
| A. | French |
| B. | Dutch |
| C. | Portuguese |
| D. | English |
| Answer» C. Portuguese | |
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Explanation: Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer, one of the most successful in the Age of Discovery and the commander of the first ships to sail directly from Europe to India. After decades of sailors trying to reach India with thousands of lives and dozens of vessels lost in shipwrecks and attacks, Gama landed in Calicut on the 20 May, 1498. |
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| 538. |
Te song Jana-Gana-Mana' composed by Rabindra Nath Tagore was first published in January 1912 under the title of - |
| A. | Jay He |
| B. | Rashtra Jagritu |
| C. | Bharat Vidhata |
| D. | Matribhoomi |
| Answer» C. Bharat Vidhata | |
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Explanation: 0 |
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| 539. |
Which Directive Principle bears the direct impact of Gandhi's moral philosophy? |
| A. | Equal pay for equal work |
| B. | Provision of free legal aid and advice |
| C. | Prohibition of the slaughter of cows |
| D. | Protection of the monuments of historical importance |
| Answer» C. Prohibition of the slaughter of cows | |
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Explanation: Two Directive Principles of State Policy which are based on the Gandhian ideals are: (i) promotion of cottage industries on an individual and co-operative basis in rural areas; and (ii) prevention of slaughter of cows and calves and other milch cattle. |
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| 540. |
The first General Secretary of the Indian National Congress was - |
| A. | Dadabhai Naoroji |
| B. | A.O. Hume |
| C. | Ferozeshah Mehta |
| D. | Badruddin Tyabji |
| Answer» B. A.O. Hume | |
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Explanation: The Indian National Congress was established in 1885 due to the efforts of A.O. Hume. He not only became its first General Secretary but continued to serve and guide it till his death in 1912. |
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| 541. |
'Porna Swaraj' (Complete Independence) was declared to be the goal of the Indian National Congress in its Session of |
| A. | Lucknow, 1916 |
| B. | Lahore, 1929 |
| C. | Tripuri, 1939 |
| D. | Lahore, 1940 |
| Answer» B. Lahore, 1929 | |
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Explanation: The annual session of Indian National Congress was held on the banks of river Ravi at Lahore in December 1929, Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru was the Congress President. The place where this session held was named as the Lajpat Rai Nagar. Nehru drafted the Indian declaration of independence. |
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| 542. |
Permanent Revenue Settlement of Bengal was introduced by - |
| A. | Clive |
| B. | Hastings |
| C. | Wellesley |
| D. | Cornwallis |
| Answer» D. Cornwallis | |
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Explanation: In 1784 British Prime Minister Pitt the Younger tried to alter the Calcutta Administration with Pitt's India Act and in the year 1786 Charles Cornw was sent out to India to supervise the alteration. |
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| 543. |
When did the British Govt. start ruling India directly? |
| A. | After the Battle of Plassey |
| B. | After the Battle of Panipat |
| C. | After the War of Mysore |
| D. | After Sepoy Mutiny |
| Answer» A. After the Battle of Plassey | |
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Explanation: The British-administered territories in India were expanded in three successive waves. The first wave A.D. 1757-66) brought under [direct] British rule Bengal, Bihar, and the Northern Circars along the north- west shore of the Bay of Bengal; the second (A.D. 1790-1818) brought the Carnatic, the Upper Ganges Basin, and the Western Deccan; the third (A.D. 1843-9) brought the Indus Basin. |
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| 544. |
Who started the first English newspaper in India? |
| A. | Bal Gangadhar Tilak |
| B. | Raja Rammohan Roy |
| C. | J.A. Hickey |
| D. | Lord William Bentinck |
| Answer» C. J.A. Hickey | |
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Explanation: The first major newspaper in India-The Bengal Gazette-was started in 1780 under the British Raj by James Augustus Hickey. Other newspapers such as The India Gazette, The Calcutta Gazette, The Madras Courier (1785), The Bombay Herald (1789) soon followed. |
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| 545. |
Who was the author of the book My Experiments with Truth? |
| A. | Aurobindo |
| B. | Tilak |
| C. | Gandhi |
| D. | Vinoba |
| Answer» C. Gandhi | |
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Explanation: The Story of My Experiments with Truth is the autobiography of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, covering his life from early childhood through to 1921. It was written in weekly installments and published in his journal Navjivan from 1925 to 1929. |
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| 546. |
Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das were the founder members of the - |
| A. | Communist Party of India |
| B. | Forward Block |
| C. | Socialist-Swarajist Party |
| D. | Swarajya Party |
| Answer» D. Swarajya Party | |
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Explanation: The Swaraj Party, established as the Congress-Khilafat Swarajaya Party, was apolitical party formed in India in 1923 that sought greater self-government and political freedoms for the Indian people from the British Raj. |
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| 547. |
What did the Hunter Commission appointed by the Viceroy probe? |
| A. | Bardoli Satayagraha |
| B. | Khilafat Agitation |
| C. | Jallianwala Bagh tragedy |
| D. | Chauri Chaura incident |
| Answer» C. Jallianwala Bagh tragedy | |
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Explanation: On 14 October, 1919, after orders issued by the Secretary of State for India, Edwin Montagu, the Government of India announced the formation of a comtee of inquiry into the Jallianwala Bagh massacre referred to as the Disorders Inquiry Committee; it was later more widely known as the Hunter Commission. |
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| 548. |
Who spoke : "At the stroke of midnight, when the world sleeps, India awakes to life and freedom"? |
| A. | Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose |
| B. | Mahatma Gandhi |
| C. | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| D. | C. Rajagopalachari |
| Answer» C. Jawaharlal Nehru | |
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Explanation: Jawaharlal Nehru, gave this following speech as India's first Prime Minister to the Constituent Assembly in New Delhi at midnight on August 14, 1947: "At the stroke of midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom. |
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| 549. |
Raja Rammohan Roy organized a historic agitation against the |
| A. | Caste system |
| B. | Evil custom of sati |
| C. | Degrading position of women in society |
| D. | Practice of superfluous religious rituals |
| Answer» B. Evil custom of sati | |
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Explanation: The best example of his life-long crusade against social evils was the historic agitation he organized against the inhuman custom of women becoming Sati. When the orthodox Hindus petitioned to Parliament to withhold its approval of Bentinck's action ofbanning the rite of Sati, he organized a counter- petition of enlightened Hindus in favour of Bentinck's action. |
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| 550. |
"Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem ourpledge …….” This was stated on the night of August 14, 1947 by - |
| A. | Dr. B.R. Ambedkar |
| B. | C. Rajagopalachari |
| C. | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| D. | Dr. Rajendra Prasad |
| Answer» C. Jawaharlal Nehru | |
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Explanation: India won independence from Britain by the Indian Independence Act 1947, ending the British Raj. This act, passed in June and receiving royal assent in July, took effect on 15 August 1947. On 15 August 1947, Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of free India, addressed the Constituent Assembly. |
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