McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) .
Chapters
| 1. |
What is the origin of the word 'disaster'? |
| A. | Latin |
| B. | French |
| C. | Greek |
| D. | German |
| Answer» B. French | |
| Explanation: The word 'disaster' comes from the French word 'Desastre', which means 'bad star'. | |
| 2. |
A disaster is a result of which of the following combinations? |
| A. | Hazard and capacity |
| B. | Vulnerability and capacity |
| C. | Hazard, vulnerability, and insufficient capacity |
| D. | Hazard and vulnerability alone |
| Answer» C. Hazard, vulnerability, and insufficient capacity | |
| Explanation: A disaster occurs when a hazard affects a vulnerable population and causes damage due to insufficient capacity to cope. | |
| 3. |
Which of the following is an example of a natural hazard? |
| A. | Earthquake |
| B. | Dam failure |
| C. | Toxic waste leakage |
| D. | War |
| Answer» A. Earthquake | |
| Explanation: An earthquake is a natural phenomenon that can cause widespread damage. | |
| 4. |
Why are landslides considered socio-natural hazards? |
| A. | They are caused solely by natural forces. |
| B. | They are caused solely by human activities. |
| C. | They are not considered hazards. |
| D. | They are caused by a combination of natural and human factors. |
| Answer» D. They are caused by a combination of natural and human factors. | |
| Explanation: Landslides can be triggered by both natural factors (heavy rainfall) and human activities (deforestation). | |
| 5. |
What does physical vulnerability refer to in the context of disasters? |
| A. | The emotional resilience of a community |
| B. | The economic status of individuals |
| C. | The structural integrity of buildings and infrastructure |
| D. | The social cohesion within a community |
| Answer» C. The structural integrity of buildings and infrastructure | |
| Explanation: Physical vulnerability refers to the susceptibility of physical elements like buildings and infrastructure to damage from hazards. | |
| 6. |
How does socio-economic vulnerability exacerbate the impact of disasters? |
| A. | It prevents the occurrence of hazards. |
| B. | It reduces a community's ability to cope and recover. |
| C. | It has no impact on disaster consequences. |
| D. | It makes communities more resilient to disasters. |
| Answer» B. It reduces a community's ability to cope and recover. | |
| Explanation: People with lower socio-economic status often lack resources and support systems, making them more vulnerable to the impacts of disasters. | |
| 7. |
What does capacity building in disaster management involve? |
| A. | Enhancing resources and skills to prepare for and respond to disasters |
| B. | Ignoring the potential risks of hazards |
| C. | Solely relying on external aid after disasters |
| D. | Reducing the frequency of natural disasters |
| Answer» A. Enhancing resources and skills to prepare for and respond to disasters | |
| Explanation: Capacity building focuses on enhancing the resources, skills, and knowledge of communities to deal with disasters effectively. | |
| 8. |
Which of the following activities is NOT part of the pre-disaster stage of disaster management? |
| A. | Conducting awareness campaigns |
| B. | Strengthening existing infrastructure |
| C. | Providing immediate medical assistance to victims |
| D. | Developing disaster management plans |
| Answer» C. Providing immediate medical assistance to victims | |
| Explanation: Providing medical assistance is a response action taken during or after a disaster. | |
| 9. |
What is the primary focus of the disaster occurrence stage in disaster management? |
| A. | Preventing the hazard from occurring |
| B. | Assessing the long-term economic impact |
| C. | Rebuilding infrastructure |
| D. | Ensuring the needs and safety of victims are met |
| Answer» D. Ensuring the needs and safety of victims are met | |
| Explanation: The main goal during the disaster occurrence stage is to address immediate needs and minimize suffering. | |
| 10. |
What type of activity is rebuilding infrastructure after a disaster considered to be? |
| A. | Post-disaster activity |
| B. | Pre-disaster activity |
| C. | Disaster occurrence activity |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» A. Post-disaster activity | |
| Explanation: Rebuilding infrastructure is part of the recovery process in the post-disaster stage. | |
| 11. |
Which of the following is a definition of disaster risk? |
| A. | The probability of a hazard occurring |
| B. | The expected losses due to a hazard event |
| C. | The ability of a community to resist a hazard |
| D. | The measures taken to prevent a hazard |
| Answer» B. The expected losses due to a hazard event | |
| Explanation: Disaster risk represents the potential losses a community might face due to a hazard. | |
| 12. |
What does mitigation in disaster risk reduction involve? |
| A. | Responding to disasters after they occur |
| B. | Providing aid to disaster victims |
| C. | Predicting the occurrence of hazards |
| D. | Reducing the impact of hazards through preventive measures |
| Answer» D. Reducing the impact of hazards through preventive measures | |
| Explanation: Mitigation aims to lessen the impact of hazards by reducing vulnerability and exposure. | |
| 13. |
Which of these is an example of a preparedness activity in disaster management? |
| A. | Formulating emergency plans |
| B. | Providing medical aid after an earthquake |
| C. | Rebuilding roads after a flood |
| D. | Analyzing the economic impact of a cyclone |
| Answer» A. Formulating emergency plans | |
| Explanation: Formulating emergency plans is a proactive step taken in preparation for potential disasters. | |
| 14. |
What is the primary purpose of disaster management? |
| A. | To accurately predict the occurrence of disasters |
| B. | To stop natural hazards from happening |
| C. | To minimize the adverse effects of disasters |
| D. | To solely focus on post-disaster relief efforts |
| Answer» C. To minimize the adverse effects of disasters | |
| Explanation: Disaster management aims to reduce the negative impacts of disasters on communities. | |
| 15. |
Why is it important to understand the disaster management cycle? |
| A. | It is irrelevant to disaster management. |
| B. | It only focuses on post-disaster recovery. |
| C. | It solely emphasizes hazard prediction. |
| D. | It provides a framework for effective disaster risk reduction. |
| Answer» D. It provides a framework for effective disaster risk reduction. | |
| Explanation: Understanding the cycle helps in taking appropriate actions at each stage to minimize risks and impacts. | |
| 16. |
Which of the following is a man-made hazard? |
| A. | Flood |
| B. | Earthquake |
| C. | Chemical spill |
| D. | Volcanic eruption |
| Answer» C. Chemical spill | |
| Explanation: Industrial accidents, like chemical spills, are caused by human actions and negligence. | |
| 17. |
What is the difference between a hazard and a disaster? |
| A. | A hazard is a potential threat, while a disaster is the actual event causing harm. |
| B. | A hazard is a type of disaster. |
| C. | Hazards are predictable, while disasters are not. |
| D. | There is no difference between the two. |
| Answer» A. A hazard is a potential threat, while a disaster is the actual event causing harm. | |
| Explanation: A hazard is a potential threat, while a disaster occurs when a hazard impacts vulnerable populations, causing significant damage. | |
| 18. |
How can communities enhance their capacity in disaster management? |
| A. | By relying solely on external aid |
| B. | By neglecting disaster preparedness |
| C. | By ignoring potential hazards |
| D. | By strengthening infrastructure and preparedness measures |
| Answer» D. By strengthening infrastructure and preparedness measures | |
| Explanation: Building strong infrastructure and improving preparedness measures increase a community's capacity to handle disasters. | |
| 19. |
Why is public awareness crucial in disaster risk reduction? |
| A. | It creates panic among the population. |
| B. | It empowers people to take preventive actions. |
| C. | It has no role in disaster risk reduction. |
| D. | It solely relies on government efforts. |
| Answer» B. It empowers people to take preventive actions. | |
| Explanation: Awareness campaigns educate the public about potential hazards, prompting them to take necessary precautions. | |
| 20. |
What role does early warning systems play in disaster management? |
| A. | They prevent disasters from happening. |
| B. | They eliminate the need for evacuation. |
| C. | They provide timely alerts to minimize casualties. |
| D. | They are only useful for earthquakes. |
| Answer» C. They provide timely alerts to minimize casualties. | |
| Explanation: Early warning systems provide timely alerts, allowing people to evacuate or take shelter before a hazard strikes. | |
| 21. |
Which of the following is an example of a mitigation measure for floods? |
| A. | Constructing dams and levees |
| B. | Providing medical assistance after a flood |
| C. | Rescuing people stranded in floodwaters |
| D. | Assessing the economic damage caused by a flood |
| Answer» A. Constructing dams and levees | |
| Explanation: Constructing dams helps regulate water flow and prevent flooding in downstream areas. | |
| 22. |
Why is community participation essential in disaster risk reduction? |
| A. | Communities have no role in disaster risk reduction. |
| B. | It slows down the recovery process. |
| C. | Local communities are the first responders and know their vulnerabilities best. |
| D. | It solely relies on external organizations. |
| Answer» C. Local communities are the first responders and know their vulnerabilities best. | |
| Explanation: Local communities are the first responders, and their involvement ensures effective preparedness and response. | |
| 23. |
What is the significance of post-disaster recovery in disaster management? |
| A. | It is irrelevant to disaster management. |
| B. | It solely focuses on providing immediate aid. |
| C. | It ignores long-term community needs. |
| D. | It helps communities rebuild and become more resilient. |
| Answer» D. It helps communities rebuild and become more resilient. | |
| Explanation: Recovery focuses on long-term rebuilding and learning to prevent future disasters. | |
| 24. |
Which of the following is a long-term impact of disasters? |
| A. | Economic decline |
| B. | Immediate casualties |
| C. | Temporary displacement |
| D. | Short-term disruption of services |
| Answer» A. Economic decline | |
| Explanation: Disasters can have lasting economic consequences, affecting livelihoods and development. | |
| 25. |
How can technology aid in disaster management? |
| A. | It can prevent natural disasters. |
| B. | It has no role in disaster management. |
| C. | It can improve early warning systems and communication. |
| D. | It can completely eliminate the impact of disasters. |
| Answer» C. It can improve early warning systems and communication. | |
| Explanation: Technology plays a crucial role in early warning systems, communication, and damage assessment. | |
| 26. |
What is the definition of an earthquake? |
| A. | Sudden shaking of the Earth's crust |
| B. | Volcanic eruption |
| C. | Oceanic tide |
| D. | Heavy rainfall |
| Answer» A. Sudden shaking of the Earth's crust | |
| 27. |
According to the text, what is the approximate range of thickness of the Earth's crust? |
| A. | 100 to 1000 kilometers |
| B. | 1 to 10 kilometers |
| C. | 10 to 65 kilometers |
| D. | 1000 to 10000 kilometers |
| Answer» C. 10 to 65 kilometers | |
| 28. |
What causes the stress in the Earth's crust that leads to earthquakes? |
| A. | Thermal expansion of the Earth's core |
| B. | Gravitational pull of the moon |
| C. | Rotation of the Earth |
| D. | Contact and movement of tectonic plates |
| Answer» D. Contact and movement of tectonic plates | |
| 29. |
What type of plate boundary is associated with the creation of new crust? |
| A. | Convergent |
| B. | Divergent |
| C. | Transformational |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» B. Divergent | |
| 30. |
What is the term for the areas of stress at plate boundaries that release energy and cause earthquakes? |
| A. | Faults |
| B. | Foci |
| C. | Epicenters |
| D. | Tectonic Shifts |
| Answer» A. Faults | |
| 31. |
What is the focus of an earthquake? |
| A. | The point on the surface where the earthquake is first felt |
| B. | The point where the seismic waves reach the surface |
| C. | The center of the Earth where the earthquake originates |
| D. | The point of rupture within the Earth where the earthquake originates |
| Answer» D. The point of rupture within the Earth where the earthquake originates | |
| 32. |
Based on focal depth, which type of earthquake is generally the most destructive? |
| A. | Deep |
| B. | Medium |
| C. | Shallow |
| D. | All types are equally destructive |
| Answer» C. Shallow | |
| 33. |
What does the Richter scale measure? |
| A. | Earthquake intensity |
| B. | Earthquake magnitude |
| C. | Seismic wave speed |
| D. | Depth of the earthquake focus |
| Answer» B. Earthquake magnitude | |
| 34. |
An earthquake with a magnitude of 7.5 on the Richter scale releases how much more energy than one with a magnitude of 6.5? |
| A. | 2 times |
| B. | 10 times |
| C. | 30 times |
| D. | 100 times |
| Answer» C. 30 times | |
| 35. |
What is the name of the scale that measures the effects of an earthquake based on observed damage? |
| A. | Richter scale |
| B. | Seismic scale |
| C. | Moment Magnitude scale |
| D. | Modified Mercalli scale |
| Answer» D. Modified Mercalli scale | |
| 36. |
According to the text, what percentage of earthquake-related deaths are caused by building collapse? |
| A. | 55% |
| B. | 75% |
| C. | 85% |
| D. | 95% |
| Answer» D. 95% | |
| 37. |
What does the acronym 'DROP, COVER, and HOLD' represent in earthquake preparedness? |
| A. | An effective way to protect yourself during an earthquake |
| B. | A scientific method for predicting earthquakes |
| C. | A type of earthquake-resistant building design |
| D. | A rescue technique used after building collapses |
| Answer» A. An effective way to protect yourself during an earthquake | |
| 38. |
Which organization in India publishes building codes and guidelines for earthquake-resistant construction? |
| A. | Indian Meteorological Department |
| B. | National Disaster Management Authority |
| C. | Bureau of Indian Standards |
| D. | Geological Survey of India |
| Answer» C. Bureau of Indian Standards | |
| 39. |
What is the process called when existing buildings are modified to make them more earthquake resistant? |
| A. | Retrofitting |
| B. | Renovation |
| C. | Reinforcement |
| D. | Reconstruction |
| Answer» A. Retrofitting | |
| 40. |
Why should buildings on soft soil be avoided in earthquake-prone areas? |
| A. | Soft soil amplifies the magnitude of earthquakes. |
| B. | Soft soil is more prone to liquefaction and instability during earthquakes. |
| C. | Soft soil attracts lightning strikes during earthquakes. |
| D. | Soft soil disrupts the grounding of electrical systems, increasing fire hazards. |
| Answer» B. Soft soil is more prone to liquefaction and instability during earthquakes. | |
| 41. |
What does the Japanese term 'Tsunami' literally mean? |
| A. | Earthquake wave |
| B. | Giant wave |
| C. | Destructive wave |
| D. | Harbor wave |
| Answer» D. Harbor wave | |
| 42. |
Which of the following is NOT a common cause of tsunamis? |
| A. | Earthquakes |
| B. | Landslides |
| C. | Volcanic eruptions |
| D. | Hurricanes |
| Answer» D. Hurricanes | |
| 43. |
Where is the operational center for the Pacific Tsunami Warning System (PTWS) located? |
| A. | Tokyo, Japan |
| B. | Jakarta, Indonesia |
| C. | Honolulu, Hawaii |
| D. | San Francisco, California |
| Answer» C. Honolulu, Hawaii | |
| 44. |
What type of data did the Survey of India use to detect the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami? |
| A. | Radar data |
| B. | Satellite imagery |
| C. | Seismograph readings |
| D. | Tide gauge measurements |
| Answer» A. Radar data | |
| 45. |
Which of the following is a primary effect of a tsunami? |
| A. | Disease outbreak |
| B. | Flooding and inundation |
| C. | Loss of communication networks |
| D. | Economic recession |
| Answer» B. Flooding and inundation | |
| 46. |
What is the main cause of death during a tsunami? |
| A. | Drowning |
| B. | Electrocution |
| C. | Building collapse |
| D. | Starvation |
| Answer» A. Drowning | |
| 47. |
Which of these is NOT a typical adverse effect of a tsunami? |
| A. | Damage to ports and airports |
| B. | Sewage contamination of water sources |
| C. | Destruction of beaches and coastal ecosystems |
| D. | Increase in volcanic activity |
| Answer» D. Increase in volcanic activity | |
| 48. |
What is the purpose of tsunami walls? |
| A. | To prevent earthquakes that cause tsunamis |
| B. | To divert tsunamis towards less populated areas |
| C. | To reduce the impact of tsunami waves on coastal communities |
| D. | To create artificial reefs and promote marine life |
| Answer» C. To reduce the impact of tsunami waves on coastal communities | |
| 49. |
What is the first land use planning strategy recommended for reducing tsunami risk? |
| A. | Designating tsunami hazard zones for open spaces and low-density development |
| B. | Constructing all buildings in tsunami-prone areas with reinforced concrete |
| C. | Relocating coastal communities to higher ground |
| D. | Creating early warning systems for tsunamis |
| Answer» A. Designating tsunami hazard zones for open spaces and low-density development | |
| 50. |
What height are most tsunami waves less than? |
| A. | 1 meter |
| B. | 2 meters |
| C. | 3 meters |
| D. | 4 meters |
| Answer» C. 3 meters | |
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