McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) .
Chapters
| 51. |
What type of structure is built to reduce the velocity of tsunami waves? |
| A. | Water breakers |
| B. | Sea walls |
| C. | Levees |
| D. | Dikes |
| Answer» A. Water breakers | |
| 52. |
Why is community preparedness vital for mitigating earthquake impact? |
| A. | It helps predict earthquakes accurately. |
| B. | It eliminates the need for government aid. |
| C. | It prevents earthquakes from occurring. |
| D. | It empowers individuals to take immediate safety measures. |
| Answer» D. It empowers individuals to take immediate safety measures. | |
| 53. |
Why are deep-focus earthquakes rarely destructive? |
| A. | They release less energy than shallow earthquakes. |
| B. | They occur less frequently than shallow earthquakes. |
| C. | The seismic waves lose much of their energy before reaching the surface. |
| D. | They are always smaller in magnitude than shallow earthquakes. |
| Answer» C. The seismic waves lose much of their energy before reaching the surface. | |
| 54. |
How can public education help reduce the impact of earthquakes? |
| A. | By raising awareness about earthquake preparedness measures and safe construction practices. |
| B. | By preventing the movement of tectonic plates. |
| C. | By developing technology to accurately predict earthquakes. |
| D. | By changing building codes to allow for weaker construction materials. |
| Answer» A. By raising awareness about earthquake preparedness measures and safe construction practices. | |
| 55. |
Why is it important to consider the soil type before constructing buildings in earthquake-prone areas? |
| A. | Different soil types have varying aesthetic appeal. |
| B. | Certain soil types are easier to excavate during construction. |
| C. | Some soil types attract pests that can damage buildings. |
| D. | The soil type influences the ground's stability and response to seismic waves. |
| Answer» D. The soil type influences the ground's stability and response to seismic waves. | |
| 56. |
What is the primary characteristic of a cyclone? |
| A. | High temperature |
| B. | Low atmospheric pressure |
| C. | Heavy rainfall |
| D. | Thunderstorms |
| Answer» B. Low atmospheric pressure | |
| Explanation: Cyclones are defined by their low atmospheric pressure center, around which winds circulate. | |
| 57. |
How are cyclones named in the Northwest Pacific Ocean? |
| A. | Typhoons |
| B. | Hurricanes |
| C. | Tropical Cyclones |
| D. | Willie-Willie |
| Answer» A. Typhoons | |
| Explanation: Cyclones in the Northwest Pacific Ocean are referred to as Typhoons. | |
| 58. |
Which of the following is NOT a general characteristic of cyclones in India? |
| A. | Strong winds |
| B. | Exceptional rain |
| C. | Storm surge |
| D. | Earthquakes |
| Answer» D. Earthquakes | |
| Explanation: While cyclones are associated with heavy rain and potential flooding, earthquakes are geological events unrelated to cyclones. | |
| 59. |
What minimum sea temperature is required for cyclone formation? |
| A. | 20 degrees Centigrade |
| B. | 23 degrees Centigrade |
| C. | 26 degrees Centigrade |
| D. | 30 degrees Centigrade |
| Answer» C. 26 degrees Centigrade | |
| Explanation: A warm sea temperature of at least 26 degrees Celsius is necessary for the evaporation that fuels a cyclone. | |
| 60. |
What is the role of high relative humidity in cyclone development? |
| A. | Facilitates condensation of water vapor |
| B. | Reduces air pressure |
| C. | Increases wind speed |
| D. | Decreases sea temperature |
| Answer» A. Facilitates condensation of water vapor | |
| Explanation: High humidity ensures there is enough moisture for condensation, a key process in cyclone formation. | |
| 61. |
What is the 'eye' of a cyclone? |
| A. | The outer rain bands of the cyclone |
| B. | The point where the cyclone makes landfall |
| C. | A relatively calm zone at the center of the cyclone |
| D. | The area of strongest winds in the cyclone |
| Answer» C. A relatively calm zone at the center of the cyclone | |
| Explanation: The eye is a relatively calm area at the center of the cyclone, surrounded by the most intense part of the storm. | |
| 62. |
What causes a cyclone to weaken? |
| A. | Decrease in wind speed |
| B. | Formation of new cloud bands |
| C. | Increase in atmospheric pressure |
| D. | Cut off from the source of warm moist air |
| Answer» D. Cut off from the source of warm moist air | |
| Explanation: Cyclones are fueled by warm, moist air. Cutting off this source weakens the storm. | |
| 63. |
What percentage of India's land area is prone to cyclones? |
| A. | 2% |
| B. | 5% |
| C. | 8% |
| D. | 12% |
| Answer» C. 8% | |
| Explanation: Approximately 8% of India's landmass is vulnerable to cyclones. | |
| 64. |
Which Indian state is LEAST likely to be hit by a cyclone? |
| A. | Odisha |
| B. | Andhra Pradesh |
| C. | Tamil Nadu |
| D. | Punjab |
| Answer» D. Punjab | |
| Explanation: Punjab, being a landlocked state, has a very low probability of experiencing cyclones. | |
| 65. |
What makes predicting the accurate landfall of a cyclone challenging? |
| A. | Lack of advanced technology |
| B. | The erratic path of cyclones |
| C. | Cyclones dissipate too quickly |
| D. | Cyclones form too far from the coast |
| Answer» B. The erratic path of cyclones | |
| Explanation: Cyclone paths can be erratic, making it hard to pinpoint their exact landfall time and location. | |
| 66. |
Which agency is responsible for cyclone warnings in India? |
| A. | Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) |
| B. | National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) |
| C. | India Meteorological Department (IMD) |
| D. | Central Water Commission (CWC) |
| Answer» C. India Meteorological Department (IMD) | |
| Explanation: The India Meteorological Department (IMD) handles cyclone monitoring and forecasting in India. | |
| 67. |
How can storm surge be particularly dangerous in coastal areas? |
| A. | Causes extensive inland flooding |
| B. | Triggers volcanic eruptions |
| C. | Leads to widespread droughts |
| D. | Increases the risk of earthquakes |
| Answer» A. Causes extensive inland flooding | |
| Explanation: Storm surges, riding on top of high tides, can inundate areas far inland, posing a significant threat. | |
| 68. |
Why are plantation crops like banana and coconut highly vulnerable to cyclones? |
| A. | They require excessive rainfall |
| B. | They are not strong enough to withstand high winds |
| C. | They attract pests during cyclones |
| D. | They are prone to diseases after cyclones |
| Answer» B. They are not strong enough to withstand high winds | |
| Explanation: These crops lack the structural strength to withstand strong winds and are easily damaged. | |
| 69. |
How does a green belt plantation along the coast help mitigate cyclone impact? |
| A. | Reduces the impact of wind and floods |
| B. | Diverts the cyclone path |
| C. | Increases rainfall and reduces drought |
| D. | Attracts birds that can warn of cyclones |
| Answer» A. Reduces the impact of wind and floods | |
| Explanation: The trees act as a buffer, absorbing some of the wind energy and reducing the impact on inland areas. | |
| 70. |
What information does a hazard map for cyclones provide? |
| A. | The exact time of cyclone landfall |
| B. | The amount of rainfall expected |
| C. | The number of cyclones in a year |
| D. | Areas vulnerable to cyclone impact |
| Answer» D. Areas vulnerable to cyclone impact | |
| Explanation: Hazard maps use historical data to identify areas most vulnerable to cyclones. | |
| 71. |
Why is it advisable to construct houses on stilts in cyclone-prone areas? |
| A. | To provide better ventilation |
| B. | To prevent termite infestations |
| C. | To protect from flooding |
| D. | To make them earthquake resistant |
| Answer» C. To protect from flooding | |
| Explanation: Elevating houses protects them from flooding caused by storm surges and heavy rainfall. | |
| 72. |
How can buildings be strengthened to resist wind damage during cyclones? |
| A. | Anchoring structural elements properly |
| B. | Using light-weight materials |
| C. | Having large roof overhangs |
| D. | Building near tall trees |
| Answer» A. Anchoring structural elements properly | |
| Explanation: Securely anchoring structural elements prevents them from being ripped away by strong winds. | |
| 73. |
What is the purpose of planting trees in rows in cyclone-prone regions? |
| A. | To attract more rainfall |
| B. | To act as a windbreak |
| C. | To provide shade during the cyclone |
| D. | To prevent soil erosion |
| Answer» B. To act as a windbreak | |
| Explanation: Rows of trees act as windbreaks, slowing down the wind and reducing its destructive power. | |
| 74. |
How do trees and plants help in flood management? |
| A. | They absorb excess rainfall |
| B. | They divert water towards rivers |
| C. | They slow down runoff and prevent soil erosion |
| D. | They strengthen river embankments |
| Answer» C. They slow down runoff and prevent soil erosion | |
| Explanation: Vegetation helps in slowing down runoff and holding the soil together, reducing the severity of flooding. | |
| 75. |
Why is the Orissa calamity often cited as a case for shelterbelt plantation? |
| A. | Orissa has a history of successful plantations |
| B. | Orissa is a major timber-producing state |
| C. | Orissa faces frequent droughts |
| D. | The cyclone's impact highlighted the need for coastal protection |
| Answer» D. The cyclone's impact highlighted the need for coastal protection | |
| Explanation: The devastation caused by the cyclone in Orissa highlighted the importance of such protective measures. | |
| 76. |
What is a flood? |
| A. | A state of high water level causing land inundation |
| B. | Heavy rainfall only |
| C. | Blockage in drains only |
| D. | Construction of dams only |
| Answer» A. A state of high water level causing land inundation | |
| Explanation: A flood is a temporary overflow of water onto land that is normally dry. | |
| 77. |
Which of these is NOT a cause of floods mentioned in the text? |
| A. | Heavy rainfall |
| B. | Blockages in drains |
| C. | Landslides |
| D. | Volcanic eruptions |
| Answer» D. Volcanic eruptions | |
| Explanation: The text mentions causes like heavy rainfall, siltation, blockages, landslides, dam construction, and cyclones, but not volcanic eruptions. | |
| 78. |
Approximately what percentage of land in India is prone to floods? |
| A. | 4% |
| B. | 8% |
| C. | 12% |
| D. | 20% |
| Answer» C. 12% | |
| Explanation: The text states that around 12% of land in India is prone to floods. | |
| 79. |
Which river basin in India experiences the most flood-affected areas? |
| A. | Ganga basin |
| B. | Narmada basin |
| C. | Godavari basin |
| D. | Krishna basin |
| Answer» A. Ganga basin | |
| Explanation: The text states that most of the flood-affected areas lie in the Ganga basin. | |
| 80. |
Why do floods occur frequently in India during June to September? |
| A. | Snow melt from the Himalayas |
| B. | Intense and periodic rainfall |
| C. | High tides and cyclones |
| D. | Uncontrolled release of water from dams |
| Answer» B. Intense and periodic rainfall | |
| Explanation: The text explains that 85% of India's annual rainfall is concentrated in the months from June to September, leading to frequent floods. | |
| 81. |
How can satellite and remote sensing technology help in flood management? |
| A. | By preventing heavy rainfall |
| B. | By controlling the flow of rivers |
| C. | By tracking flood waves and water levels |
| D. | By clearing blockages in drains |
| Answer» C. By tracking flood waves and water levels | |
| Explanation: The text mentions that advanced technologies like satellite and remote sensing help track flood waves and water level rises, aiding in timely warnings. | |
| 82. |
Which organization in India is responsible for issuing flood warnings? |
| A. | Central Water Commission (CWC) |
| B. | Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) |
| C. | National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) |
| D. | Geological Survey of India (GSI) |
| Answer» A. Central Water Commission (CWC) | |
| Explanation: The text clearly states that the Central Water Commission (CWC) is responsible for issuing flood warnings in India. | |
| 83. |
What is a major health hazard caused by floods? |
| A. | Respiratory problems |
| B. | Heat stroke |
| C. | Skin allergies |
| D. | Waterborne diseases |
| Answer» D. Waterborne diseases | |
| Explanation: The text highlights that contaminated water due to floods leads to outbreaks of epidemics like diarrhoea, viral infections, and malaria. | |
| 84. |
How does flooding affect soil characteristics? |
| A. | Erosion of topsoil and salinization |
| B. | Increased nutrient content |
| C. | Improved drainage |
| D. | Increased water holding capacity |
| Answer» A. Erosion of topsoil and salinization | |
| Explanation: The text explains that flooding can lead to erosion of the fertile topsoil, rendering the land infertile. Additionally, seawater intrusion can make the soil saline. | |
| 85. |
What is the first step in reducing the risk of floods in a region? |
| A. | Construction of dams |
| B. | Mapping of flood-prone areas |
| C. | Building embankments |
| D. | Relocating settlements |
| Answer» B. Mapping of flood-prone areas | |
| Explanation: According to the text, mapping flood-prone areas is the primary step in risk reduction. This involves analyzing historical data, water levels, and land characteristics. | |
| 86. |
What land use practice can help mitigate flood risks in vulnerable areas? |
| A. | Expanding urban areas |
| B. | Encouraging intensive agriculture |
| C. | Relocating settlements and restricting development |
| D. | Building more roads and infrastructure |
| Answer» C. Relocating settlements and restricting development | |
| Explanation: The text suggests that controlling land use in flood-prone areas is crucial. This may involve relocating existing settlements and restricting major developments in high-risk zones. | |
| 87. |
How can buildings in flood-prone areas be made more resilient? |
| A. | Using lightweight materials |
| B. | Building underground bunkers |
| C. | Having large windows for ventilation |
| D. | Constructing on elevated areas or stilts |
| Answer» D. Constructing on elevated areas or stilts | |
| Explanation: The text recommends constructing buildings on elevated areas, stilts, or platforms to minimize flood damage. It also suggests strengthening structures to withstand flood forces. | |
| 88. |
What is the purpose of flood control measures? |
| A. | To reduce flood damage |
| B. | To increase the flow of rivers |
| C. | To eliminate rainfall |
| D. | To create more floodplains |
| Answer» A. To reduce flood damage | |
| Explanation: The text clearly states that flood control aims to reduce flood damage. This can involve decreasing runoff, reforestation, clearing debris, and conserving water bodies. | |
| 89. |
Which of these is a structural measure for flood management? |
| A. | Flood forecasting |
| B. | Construction of embankments |
| C. | Flood plain zoning |
| D. | Disaster preparedness |
| Answer» B. Construction of embankments | |
| Explanation: The text lists structural measures such as storage reservoirs, flood embankments, drainage channels, anti-erosion works, and channel improvement. | |
| 90. |
What is flood proofing? |
| A. | Predicting the occurrence of floods |
| B. | Preventing the occurrence of floods |
| C. | Protecting buildings from flood damage |
| D. | Creating artificial floods for irrigation |
| Answer» C. Protecting buildings from flood damage | |
| Explanation: The text describes flood proofing as measures to reduce the risk of damage during floods. This can include using sandbags, sealing doors and windows, or elevating houses. | |
| 91. |
When did systematic flood management planning begin in India? |
| A. | 1947 |
| B. | 1950 |
| C. | 1952 |
| D. | 1954 |
| Answer» D. 1954 | |
| Explanation: The text states that systematic flood management planning in India started with the Five Year Plans, specifically with the National Programme of Flood Management in 1954. | |
| 92. |
What type of flood management measure is reforestation? |
| A. | Non-structural measure |
| B. | Structural measure |
| C. | Emergency measure |
| D. | Temporary measure |
| Answer» A. Non-structural measure | |
| Explanation: Reforestation helps absorb excess rainfall and reduce surface runoff, making it a non-structural measure for flood management. | |
| 93. |
How do dams help in flood control? |
| A. | By diverting the flow of rivers |
| B. | By increasing the amount of rainfall |
| C. | By storing excess water and releasing it gradually |
| D. | By clearing blockages in rivers |
| Answer» C. By storing excess water and releasing it gradually | |
| Explanation: The text explains that dams can store excess water during heavy rainfall and release it at a controlled rate, helping regulate downstream flow and prevent floods. | |
| 94. |
What is the significance of flood hazard mapping? |
| A. | To predict the intensity of rainfall |
| B. | To identify areas at risk of flooding |
| C. | To measure the depth of floodwater |
| D. | To determine the frequency of floods |
| Answer» B. To identify areas at risk of flooding | |
| Explanation: Flood hazard mapping helps identify areas prone to flooding, predict water flow patterns during floods, and guide land use planning for risk reduction. | |
| 95. |
What is the main purpose of building levees and embankments? |
| A. | To store excess water |
| B. | To divert water for irrigation |
| C. | To control the release of water from dams |
| D. | To prevent rivers from overflowing |
| Answer» D. To prevent rivers from overflowing | |
| Explanation: Levees and embankments act as barriers to confine river flow and prevent water from overflowing onto surrounding land, thus offering flood protection. | |
| 96. |
What is the primary defining characteristic of a drought? |
| A. | Absence or deficiency of rainfall |
| B. | Overpopulation |
| C. | Deforestation |
| D. | Excessive water use |
| Answer» A. Absence or deficiency of rainfall | |
| Explanation: Drought is fundamentally about a lack of rainfall compared to normal patterns. | |
| 97. |
Why is drought considered a 'slow-onset' disaster? |
| A. | Its impacts are not immediately visible. |
| B. | It only affects a small geographic area. |
| C. | It is difficult to determine its exact beginning and end. |
| D. | It takes a long time for relief efforts to reach affected areas. |
| Answer» C. It is difficult to determine its exact beginning and end. | |
| Explanation: Unlike earthquakes or floods, droughts develop gradually over time, making it hard to pinpoint their exact start and end. | |
| 98. |
Which of the following is NOT a direct cause of drought? |
| A. | Deficit rainfall |
| B. | Overgrazing |
| C. | Soil erosion |
| D. | Loss of biodiversity |
| Answer» D. Loss of biodiversity | |
| Explanation: While loss of biodiversity can have indirect impacts on ecosystems and potentially worsen drought effects, it's not a direct driver like the other options. | |
| 99. |
What is the key difference between meteorological and hydrological droughts? |
| A. | Meteorological drought only affects weather patterns. |
| B. | Hydrological drought considers the impact on water resources like rivers and groundwater. |
| C. | Hydrological drought only affects agricultural production. |
| D. | Meteorological drought is more severe than hydrological drought. |
| Answer» B. Hydrological drought considers the impact on water resources like rivers and groundwater. | |
| Explanation: Meteorological drought focuses solely on rainfall deficiency, while hydrological drought considers the impacts of that deficiency on water resources like rivers and groundwater. | |
| 100. |
How does agricultural drought directly impact human populations? |
| A. | By reducing water availability for drinking. |
| B. | By increasing the spread of waterborne diseases. |
| C. | By decreasing crop yields and leading to food shortages. |
| D. | By causing mass migration from rural areas. |
| Answer» C. By decreasing crop yields and leading to food shortages. | |
| Explanation: Agricultural drought reduces crop yields, leading to food shortages and potential famine. | |
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