McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Uncategorized topics .
Chapters
| 451. |
Fibres of transversus abdominus arise from which part of the inguinal ligament? |
| A. | medial one third |
| B. | lateral one third |
| C. | lateral two thirds |
| D. | lateral half |
| E. | middle one third |
| Answer» D. lateral half | |
| 452. |
A patient presents with a deep stab wound high up in the costovertebral angle beneath the 12th rib on the left side. The most likely internal injury is? |
| A. | laceration of the infra-renal aorta |
| B. | laceration of the right renal vascular pedicle |
| C. | puncture of the 3rd part of the duodenum |
| D. | puncture of the 4th part of the duodenum |
| E. | pneumothorax of the left lung |
| Answer» E. pneumothorax of the left lung | |
| 453. |
Concerning the abdominal aorta and branches: |
| A. | the inferior mesenteric artery arises below the L4 lumbar arteries |
| B. | the superior mesenteric artery arises at the level of L2 |
| C. | the renal artery arises below the level of the superior mesenteric artery |
| D. | the suprarenal arteries arise above the coeliac trunk |
| E. | the coeliac trunk is the highest branch of the abdominal aorta |
| Answer» C. the renal artery arises below the level of the superior mesenteric artery | |
| 454. |
The relations of the THIRD part of the duodenum include: |
| A. | the hilum of the right kidney |
| B. | the attachment of the transverse mesocolon |
| C. | the inferior pole of the right kidney |
| D. | the superior mesenteric vein |
| E. | the portal vein |
| Answer» D. the superior mesenteric vein | |
| 455. |
All of the following are true regarding the pancreas EXCEPT: |
| A. | the neck and body of the pancreas lie anterior to the first lumbar vertebrae |
| B. | the neck of the pancreas lies over the right and left renal veins at the level of L2 vertebra |
| C. | the splenic artery supplies all of the pancreas |
| D. | parasympathetic vagal fibres stimulate the exocrine secretion from the gland |
| E. | the uncinate process drains via an accessory pancreatic duct into the duodenum |
| Answer» C. the splenic artery supplies all of the pancreas | |
| 456. |
The spleen: |
| A. | weights 15 ounces |
| B. | lies between the 8th and 11th ribs |
| C. | has an identifiable notch on its posterior border |
| D. | is supplied with parasympathetic fibres from coeliac plexus |
| E. | lympatic drainage is to coeliac nodes |
| Answer» E. lympatic drainage is to coeliac nodes | |
| 457. |
Regarding the kidneys: |
| A. | the right kidney lies at a lower level to the left kidney |
| B. | they lie inferior to the pleura |
| C. | the hilum of the left kidney is separated from the peritoneum by the duodenum |
| D. | the renal fascia encloses the kidney and suprarenal gland within the same sheath |
| E. | the renal pelvis is lined with columnar epithelium |
| Answer» A. the right kidney lies at a lower level to the left kidney | |
| 458. |
Regarding the ureters, which is INCORRECT? |
| A. | the line of projection of the ureter on a radiograph is medial to the tips of the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae and crosses the pelvic brim at the sacroiliac joint |
| B. | they exhibit peristaltic activity when stimulated |
| C. | they are lined by transitional epithelium with a thick muscularis mucosae |
| D. | they are supplied with sympathetic fibres from T11-L2 |
| E. | they are crossed superficially by the gonadal vessels |
| Answer» C. they are lined by transitional epithelium with a thick muscularis mucosae | |
| 459. |
Regarding the inguinal canal: |
| A. | the deep inguinal ring lies 1cm above and at the junction of the lateral third and medial two thirds of the inguinal ligament |
| B. | the deep inguinal ring is formed by an opening in the transversalis fascia |
| C. | an indirect inguinal hernia bulges into the inguinal triangle, posterior to the canal and medial to the inferior epigastric artery |
| D. | contains the spermatic cord that has two fascial layers/coverings and eight contents |
| E. | none |
| Answer» B. the deep inguinal ring is formed by an opening in the transversalis fascia | |
| 460. |
Which structure does not enter the inguinal canal through the deep inguinal ring? |
| A. | testicular artery |
| B. | vas deferens |
| C. | ilioinguinal nerve |
| D. | genital branch of genitofemoral nerve |
| E. | artery to the vas deferens |
| Answer» C. ilioinguinal nerve | |
| 461. |
The testis: |
| A. | the epididymis arises from the lower pole of the testis |
| B. | the tunica vaginalis surrounds the testis but doe not encase the epididymis |
| C. | vas deferens ascends on the anterior surface of the testis |
| D. | the testicular appendix lies on the testis upper pole near the origin of the epididymis |
| E. | none |
| Answer» D. the testicular appendix lies on the testis upper pole near the origin of the epididymis | |
| 462. |
The testicular blood supply: |
| A. | is mainly from the ductal artery |
| B. | the right drains directly into the inferior vena cava |
| C. | venous drainage does not have valves |
| D. | a varicocoele is more common on the right than the left |
| E. | none |
| Answer» B. the right drains directly into the inferior vena cava | |
| 463. |
The transpyloric plane: |
| A. | lies on a line connecting left and right 10th costal cartilages |
| B. | lies at the level of T12 |
| C. | lies at the origin of the superior mesenteric artery off the aorta |
| D. | is 2cm below the xiphisternum |
| E. | none |
| Answer» C. lies at the origin of the superior mesenteric artery off the aorta | |
| 464. |
Regarding potential spaces in the abdomen: |
| A. | the entrance to the lesser sac is inferiorly via the transverse mesocolon foramen |
| B. | the right hepatorenal pouch is the lowest lying region of the peritoneal cavity in the supine position (excluding pelvis) |
| C. | the peritoneal cavity is divided into supracolic and infracolic by the epiploic foramen |
| D. | the root of the mesentry of the small intestine is a small 2cm area at the duodenojejunal junction |
| E. | none |
| Answer» B. the right hepatorenal pouch is the lowest lying region of the peritoneal cavity in the supine position (excluding pelvis) | |
| 465. |
The forgut: |
| A. | includes from the abdominal aorta to the end of the duodenum |
| B. | is supplied by branches of the superior mesenteric artery |
| C. | venous drainage includes the blood from the lower third of the oesophagus |
| D. | drains entirely into the splenic vein |
| E. | none |
| Answer» C. venous drainage includes the blood from the lower third of the oesophagus | |
| 466. |
The midgut: |
| A. | is from the opening of the bile duct into the duodenum to the ileocaecal junction |
| B. | all venous drainage is to the superior mesenteric vein |
| C. | superior mesenteric artery lies on the right side of the superior mesenteric vein |
| D. | superior mesenteric artery originates off the aorta at L3 |
| E. | none |
| Answer» B. all venous drainage is to the superior mesenteric vein | |
| 467. |
The inferior mesenteric artery arises: |
| A. | at L3 |
| B. | behind the inferior border of the third part of the duodenum |
| C. | at the level of the umbilicus |
| D. | 3-4cm above the aortic bifurcation |
| E. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. all of the above | |
| 468. |
The nerve supply to the stomach: |
| A. | the anterior vagal trunk alone controls the pyloric sphincter |
| B. | the posterior vagal trunk alone controls the pyloric sphincter |
| C. | secretion is controlled by sympathetic supply |
| D. | the posterior vagal trunk is in contact with the left side of the oesophagus |
| E. | none |
| Answer» A. the anterior vagal trunk alone controls the pyloric sphincter | |
| 469. |
The liver: |
| A. | lies from the 7th to the 11th left ribs along the midaxillary line |
| B. | is normally completely under the costal margin |
| C. | the upper margin is the 4th costal cartilage |
| D. | blood supply divides into left and right supplying the lobes as divided by the falciform ligament |
| E. | none |
| Answer» A. lies from the 7th to the 11th left ribs along the midaxillary line | |
| 470. |
The spleen: |
| A. | is a retroperitoneal organ |
| B. | lies along the axis of the left 10th rib |
| C. | lymphatics drain to the superior mesenteric paraaortic nodes |
| D. | pain fibres accompany sympathetic fibres and pain may radiate in the distribution of thoracic dermatomes 6-10 |
| E. | none |
| Answer» B. lies along the axis of the left 10th rib | |
| 471. |
Which nerve passes through psoas muscle and emerges anteriorly to run down the front of the muscle? |
| A. | ilioinguinal |
| B. | iliohypogastric |
| C. | genitofemoral |
| D. | lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh |
| E. | none |
| Answer» C. genitofemoral | |
| 472. |
Regarding the anterior abdominal wall: |
| A. | the arcuate lines lie midway between the symphysis pubis and umbilicus |
| B. | between the umbilicus and the lateral margin transversus aponeurosis lies posterior the rectus |
| C. | the inferior epigastric artery originates from the internal iliac |
| D. | it gives support to the liver and spleen |
| E. | the ilioinguinal nerve passes through the deep inguinal ring |
| Answer» B. between the umbilicus and the lateral margin transversus aponeurosis lies posterior the rectus | |
| 473. |
Pelvic joints and ligaments: |
| A. | the sacroiliac joint is a fibrous joint between the auricular surfaces of the ilium and sacrum |
| B. | the wedge shape of the sacrum contributes to its stability |
| C. | the coccygeous muscle lies on the pelvic surface of the sacrotuberous ligament |
| D. | the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments enclose the greater sciatic foramen |
| E. | the iliolumbar ligament is V-shaped with the apex attached to L5 |
| Answer» E. the iliolumbar ligament is V-shaped with the apex attached to L5 | |
| 474. |
Pelvic joints and ligaments |
| A. | muscles of pelvis include obturator externus and piriformis |
| B. | piriformis arises from the lower third part of the sacrum |
| C. | the sigmoid colon becomes the section at the level of the 4th part of the sacrum |
| D. | the rectum has no mesentery |
| E. | the pelvic brim follows the line of the pubic crest, pectineal line of pubis, iliac crests and ala and promentary of the sacrum |
| Answer» D. the rectum has no mesentery | |
| 475. |
Perineum: |
| A. | the lymphatic drainage from the scrotum goes to para-aortic nodes |
| B. | lymphatic drainage from the rectum passes to internal iliac nodes from the upper part and to superficial inguinal group from the lower part |
| C. | superior rectal branches of the pudendal nerves supply the external and sphincter |
| D. | the internal anal sphincter is composed of skeletal muscle |
| E. | the anal canal consists of inner circular muscle fibres and outer longitudinal fibres |
| Answer» B. lymphatic drainage from the rectum passes to internal iliac nodes from the upper part and to superficial inguinal group from the lower part | |
| 476. |
Nerves of pelvis, branches of sacral plexus include all EXCEPT: |
| A. | nerves to piriformis |
| B. | pelvis splanchnic nerve |
| C. | obturator nerve |
| D. | pudendal nerve |
| E. | posterior femoral cutaneous nerve |
| Answer» C. obturator nerve | |
| 477. |
All but which are transected / at the level of the transpylonic plane? |
| A. | superior mesenteric artery leaves aorta |
| B. | splenic vein joins superior mesenteric vein to become the portal vein |
| C. | hila of kidneys |
| D. | lower border L1 vertebra |
| E. | gall bladder |
| Answer» C. hila of kidneys | |
| 478. |
The anterolateral abdominal muscles: |
| A. | external oblique muscle arises by eight digitations from back of lower eight ribs and interdigitates with serratus anterior and pectoralis major |
| B. | external oblique fibres run obliquely upwards and forwards |
| C. | the lower border ext-oblique forms the inguinal ligaments |
| D. | internal oblique insects into the line alba from a single aponeurosis |
| E. | transversus abdominus runs anterior to rectus abdominus until the cruciate line |
| Answer» C. the lower border ext-oblique forms the inguinal ligaments | |
| 479. |
The anterior abdominal wall: |
| A. | the deep surface above the umbilicus has lymphatic drainage to mediastinal nodes |
| B. | the deep surface below the umbilicus has lymphatic drainage to the internal iliac and paraaortic nodes |
| C. | rectus abdominus is supplied by lower intercostal and subcostal nn (T8-T10) |
| D. | internal oblique and transversus abdominus are supplied solely by the iliohypo??? and ilioinguinal nerves |
| E. | the superior and inferior epigastric vessels (arteries) anastomose within the body of the rectus muscle |
| Answer» A. the deep surface above the umbilicus has lymphatic drainage to mediastinal nodes | |
| 480. |
Contents of the deep inguinal ring include all but: |
| A. | ilioinguinal nerve |
| B. | vas deferens |
| C. | cremasturic artery |
| D. | genital branch of the genitofemoral ligament |
| E. | obliterated remains of the processes vaginalis |
| Answer» A. ilioinguinal nerve | |
| 481. |
Referred pain from which organ may be felt in the cutaneous distribution of the obturator nerve? |
| A. | bladder |
| B. | prostate |
| C. | ovary |
| D. | uterus |
| E. | sigmoid colon |
| Answer» C. ovary | |
| 482. |
Within the anal canal are anal cushions (dilated venous spaces and avanestomoses) |
| A. | 3, 7 and 11 o’clock |
| B. | 2, 6, and 10 o’clock |
| C. | 3, 6 and 11 o’clock |
| D. | 1, 7 and 12 o’clock |
| E. | 1, 7 and 9 o’clock |
| Answer» A. 3, 7 and 11 o’clock | |
| 483. |
Regarding the inguinal canal |
| A. | The deep inguinal ring is an opening in internal oblique |
| B. | The superior epigastric artery is located deep to the posterior wall medial to the deep ring |
| C. | An indirect hernia passes through the deep inguinal ring |
| D. | A direct hernia passes lateral to the deep inguinal ring |
| E. | The floor of the inguinal canal is reinforced laterally by the lacunar ligament |
| Answer» C. An indirect hernia passes through the deep inguinal ring | |
| 484. |
Contents of the spermatic cord include all of the following EXCEPT |
| A. | Ductus deferens |
| B. | Testicular artery |
| C. | Pampiniform plexus |
| D. | Ilioinguinal nerve |
| E. | Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve |
| Answer» D. Ilioinguinal nerve | |
| 485. |
Regarding the testis |
| A. | Leydig cells secrete testosterone |
| B. | The epididymis is located posteromedially |
| C. | Lymphatic drainage is to the inguinal lymph nodes |
| D. | Arterial supply is from the aorta just above the renal arteries |
| E. | The right testicular vein drains to the right renal vein |
| Answer» A. Leydig cells secrete testosterone | |
| 486. |
The following structures are related to the transpyloric plane EXCEPT |
| A. | Coeliac trunk |
| B. | Tip of the 9th costal cartilage |
| C. | Hilum of the kidney |
| D. | Origin of the portal vein |
| E. | Body of the pancreas |
| Answer» A. Coeliac trunk | |
| 487. |
All of the following are retroperitoneal structures EXCEPT |
| A. | Cisterna chyli |
| B. | Sympathetic trunk |
| C. | Duodenum |
| D. | Pancreas |
| E. | Ureter |
| Answer» C. Duodenum | |
| 488. |
The celiac trunk |
| A. | supplies the gut from the entrance of the bile duct to the splenic flexure of the colon |
| B. | gives rise to the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery |
| C. | is the 1st branch of the abdominal aorta |
| D. | arises from the aorta at the level of L2 |
| E. | supplies the lower part of the oesophagus |
| Answer» E. supplies the lower part of the oesophagus | |
| 489. |
The superior mesenteric artery |
| A. | arises from the aorta at the level of T11 |
| B. | passes anterior to the body of the pancreas |
| C. | passes anterior to the 3rd part of the duodenum |
| D. | gives the superior pancreaticoduodenal branch |
| E. | supplies the jejunum |
| Answer» E. supplies the jejunum | |
| 490. |
The inferior mesenteric artery |
| A. | supplies the hindgut as far as the dentate line |
| B. | arises at the level of L1 |
| C. | passes posterior to the 3rd part of the duodenum |
| D. | crosses the ureter at the pelvic brim |
| E. | gives rise to the right colic artery |
| Answer» A. supplies the hindgut as far as the dentate line | |
| 491. |
Regarding the duodenum |
| A. | All of the duodenum is retroperitoneal |
| B. | The 3rd part receives the bile duct |
| C. | The 2nd part passes over the hilum of the right kidney |
| D. | The 3rd part is crossed by the superior mesenteric artery |
| E. | The 4th part is 5 cm long |
| Answer» D. The 3rd part is crossed by the superior mesenteric artery | |
| 492. |
Regarding the liver |
| A. | The caudate lobe is bounded by the ligamentum venosum and the inferior vena cava |
| B. | The left lobe extends approximately 12cm to the left of the midline |
| C. | The gall bladder is at the tip of the 11th costal cartilage |
| D. | The bare area lies against the duodenum |
| E. | Porta hepatis contains the hepatic and portal veins |
| Answer» A. The caudate lobe is bounded by the ligamentum venosum and the inferior vena cava | |
| 493. |
Regarding the spleen |
| A. | It lies between the 7th and 9th ribs |
| B. | The tail is contained in the lienorenal ligament |
| C. | The head is immediately anterior to the aorta |
| D. | The tail lies in the transpyloric plane |
| E. | The main blood supply is from the left gastric artery |
| Answer» B. The tail is contained in the lienorenal ligament | |
| 494. |
Regarding the abdominal aorta |
| A. | It commences at T10 as it passes through the aortic opening of the diaphragm |
| B. | The first branch is the celiac trunk |
| C. | It terminates at the level of L2 |
| D. | The gonadal arteries arise above the origin of the superior mesenteric artery |
| E. | The median sacral artery is a small posterior branch just before bifurcation |
| Answer» E. The median sacral artery is a small posterior branch just before bifurcation | |
| 495. |
With regard to the blood supply of the rectum and anus |
| A. | It is principally the inferior rectal artery |
| B. | The anal canal is a site of porto-systemic anastomosis |
| C. | The veins do not correspond to the arteries |
| D. | The inferior mesenteric artery changes to the superior rectal artery at L3 |
| E. | The vessels do not supply the full thickness of the anal wall |
| Answer» B. The anal canal is a site of porto-systemic anastomosis | |
| 496. |
Lymph drainage of the testes are to |
| A. | The deep inguinal nodes |
| B. | The mediastinal nodes |
| C. | The para-aortic nodes |
| D. | The pectoral group of axillary nodes |
| E. | The external iliac nodes |
| Answer» C. The para-aortic nodes | |
| 497. |
Lymph drainage of the scrotum is to |
| A. | The superficial inguinal nodes |
| B. | The internal iliac nodes |
| C. | The deep inguinal does |
| D. | The external iliac nodes |
| E. | None of the above |
| Answer» A. The superficial inguinal nodes | |
| 498. |
Regarding radiological imaging of the gastrointestinal tract |
| A. | The terminal ileum can be identified by haustrations |
| B. | Haustrations represent the taeniae coli |
| C. | Air fluid levels on an erect abdominal X-ray are diagnostic of large bowel obstruction |
| D. | Gas should always be visible in the rectum |
| E. | Small bowel is always visible on a normal abdominal X-ray |
| Answer» B. Haustrations represent the taeniae coli | |
| 499. |
Regarding the kidneys |
| A. | Each weighs about 340 grams |
| B. | The left kidney lies below the transpyloric plane |
| C. | The iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves lie behind the posterior surface of the kidney |
| D. | Each kidney has six segments |
| E. | The hilum is separated from the peritoneum on the right side by the 3rd part of the duodenum |
| Answer» C. The iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves lie behind the posterior surface of the kidney | |
| 500. |
Regarding the ureters |
| A. | They exit the hilum behind the renal artery |
| B. | They are a continuation of the renal pelvis which is formed by the union of 10 major calyces |
| C. | They are each 40cm long |
| D. | On a radiograph they run lust lateral to the transverse processes of the lumber vertebrae |
| E. | The lower ends are supplied by the ureteric branch of the renal artery |
| Answer» A. They exit the hilum behind the renal artery | |
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