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1010+ Anatomy Solved MCQs

These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Uncategorized topics .

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Chapter: Ankle and Foot
401.

Regarding the structures passing beneath the flexor retinaculum of the ankle which is correct?

A. Posterior tibial artery lies anterior to the flexor digitorum longus
B. Flexor hallucis longus lies anterior to posterior tibial artery
C. The posterior tibial artery lies anterior to the tibial nerve
D. Flexor hallucis longus is the most anterior structure
E. Flexor digitorum longus is the most posterior structure
Answer» C. The posterior tibial artery lies anterior to the tibial nerve
discuss
402.

Regarding the medial longitudinal arch

A. Its stability is due to its bony structures
B. Flexor hallucis brevis acts as a bowstring
C. The plantar aponeurosis is of minimal importance
D. Peroneus longus supports the posterior portion
E. None of the above
Answer» E. None of the above
discuss
403.

At the ankle

A. The deltoid ligament attaches to the tibia and the calcaneous
B. The talus is more narrow anteriorly
C. The capsule attaches to the neck of the talus
D. In plantar flexion there is also eversion
E. Dorsiflexion is produced by tibialis anterior and peroneus brevis
Answer» C. The capsule attaches to the neck of the talus
discuss
404.

All of the following are ankle joint ligaments except

A. Posterior tibio-fibular ligament
B. Deltoid ligament
C. Inferior transverse ligament
D. Posterior talofibular ligament
E. Oblique ligament
Answer» E. Oblique ligament
discuss
405.

Concerning the innervation of the foot

A. The medial plantar nerve supplies the first 3 lumbricals
B. The skin of the first cleft is supplied by the superficial peroneal nerve
C. The plantar digital nerves supply the nail bed
D. All interossei are supplied by the medial plantar nerve
E. The medial and lateral plantar nerves are branches of the common peroneal nerves
Answer» C. The plantar digital nerves supply the nail bed
discuss
406.

The talus

A. Has its sole articulation with calcaneous in the talocalcaneonavicular joint
B. Has a long plantar ligament attached to its plantar surface
C. Has an upper articular surface narrow in front and broad behind
D. Receives a good blood supply from dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial and peroneal arteries
E. Is connected to navicular by the spring ligament
Answer» D. Receives a good blood supply from dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial and peroneal arteries
discuss
407.

The ankle joint

A. Is stabilised laterally by the deltoid ligament
B. Relies on the fibula for weight bearing
C. Acts purely as a hinge joint
D. Has 3 ligaments radiating from the lateral malleolus
E. Owes stability primarily to the shape of the tibiotalar articulating surface
Answer» D. Has 3 ligaments radiating from the lateral malleolus
discuss
408.

The lumbrical muscles of the foot

A. Pass forward on the lateral sides of the metatarsophalangeal joints
B. Arise from the tendons of flexor digitorum longus
C. Are all supplied by the lateral plantar nerve
D. Have no real function in walking or running
E. Do not insert into the extensor expansions
Answer» B. Arise from the tendons of flexor digitorum longus
discuss
409.

With regard to the calcaneus

A. It is the largest of the tarsal bones
B. It has a convex medial surface
C. The peroneal trochlea is found on it medial surface
D. It articulates with the talus, navicular and cuboid
E. The upper surface carries articular surfaces on its posterior half
Answer» A. It is the largest of the tarsal bones
discuss
410.

Regarding the ankle joint

A. The lateral ligament has 2 layers
B. The posterior talofibular ligament is strong and runs horizontally
C. The deep portion of the medial ligament is triangular in shape
D. The superficial portion of the medial ligament is rectangular in shape
E. The nerve supply of the capsule is by the superficial peroneal nerve
Answer» B. The posterior talofibular ligament is strong and runs horizontally
discuss
411.

Under the extensor retinaculum of the foot the most lateral structure is

A. Sural nerve
B. Dorsalis pedis artery
C. Peroneus tertius
D. Extensor digitorum longus
E. Extensor hallucis longus
Answer» C. Peroneus tertius
discuss
412.

With regard to the cutaneous innervation of the lower limb

A. Superficial peroneal nerve supplies the first inter-digital cleft
B. Sural nerve supplies the medial malleolus
C. Deep peroneal nerve supplies the third inter-digital cleft
D. The medial plantar nerve supplies a greater area than the lateral
E. Branches of the tibial nerve supply much of the dorsum of the foot
Answer» D. The medial plantar nerve supplies a greater area than the lateral
discuss
413.

Regarding the ankle joint

A. The capsule is attached anteriorly to the neck of the talus
B. It has a fixed rotation of axis
C. The weight bearing surfaces are the upper facet of the talus, the inferior facet of the tibia and the medial and lateral malleoli
D. The lateral ligament is made up of three separate bands that all insert into the talus
E. In full plantarflexion a significant amount of inversion and eversion is possible at the ankle joint
Answer» A. The capsule is attached anteriorly to the neck of the talus
discuss
414.

All of the following structures pass deep into the superior extensor retinaculum at the ankle except

A. Extensor digitorum longus
B. Deep peroneal nerve
C. Anterior tibial artery
D. Superficial peroneal nerve
E. Peroneus tertius
Answer» D. Superficial peroneal nerve
discuss
415.

The dermatome supplying the great toe is usually supplied by

A. L3
B. L4
C. L5
D. S1
E. S2
Answer» C. L5
discuss
Chapter: Knee and Leg
416.

Of muscles and tendons crossing the knee

A. Popliteus medially rotates the femur to unlock the knee from extension
B. Soleus crosses the posterolateral aspect of the joint
C. Semitendinosis tendon passes anterior to the medial condyle
D. Gluteus maximus crosses the knee joint by way of the iliotibial tract
E. Biceps femoris inserts into the anterolateral aspect of the tibia
Answer» D. Gluteus maximus crosses the knee joint by way of the iliotibial tract
discuss
417.

Regarding innervation of flexion/extension of the knee

A. All muscles of the quadriceps femoris are supplied by L3/4
B. Vastus medialis are intermedius are supplied by the same branch of the femoral nerve
C. Flexion of the knee by hamstrings is supplied solely by tibial component of sciatic nerve
D. Flexor innervation of the knee can be tested by knee jerk L3
E. Traumatic fracture dislocation of hip affects knee extension greater than flexion
Answer» A. All muscles of the quadriceps femoris are supplied by L3/4
discuss
418.

Tibialis anterior

A. Is supplied by the superficial peroneal nerve
B. Has a synovial sheath that continues below superior extensor retinaculum
C. Dorsiflexes and everts the foot
D. Inserts into the lateral cuneiform
E. Originates from the tibia and fibula
Answer» B. Has a synovial sheath that continues below superior extensor retinaculum
discuss
419.

With regard to the stability of the knee joint

A. The posterior cruciate ligament prevents the femur from slipping posteriorly on the tibia
B. The lateral collateral ligament is more prone to damage than the medial
C. The medial meniscus is more prone to damage than the lateral
D. The integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament is most important when walking down stairs
E. The fit of the articular surfaces of the tibia and femur is the most important factor in providing stability
Answer» C. The medial meniscus is more prone to damage than the lateral
discuss
420.

The ligament important in producing the screw home position in full extension of the knee is the

A. Anterior cruciate ligament
B. Posterior cruciate ligament
C. Arcuate popliteal ligament
D. Patellar retinacula
E. All of the above
Answer» A. Anterior cruciate ligament
discuss
421.

The cruciate ligaments would be anaesthetized by injury to

A. Femoral nerve
B. Common peroneal nerve
C. Tibial nerve
D. Obturator nerve
E. None of the above
Answer» C. Tibial nerve
discuss
422.

The cruciate anastomsosis

A. Is supplied by the inferior branch of the medial circumflex femoral artery
B. Is supplied by the descending branch of the first perforating artery
C. Begins at the level of the greater trochanter
D. Is supplied by the transverse branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery
E. Gives blood supply to the head of the femur
Answer» D. Is supplied by the transverse branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery
discuss
423.

In the popliteal fossa

A. The sural nerve branches from the common peroneal nerve
B. The roof is formed by biceps femoris
C. The popliteal vein lies between the popliteal artery and tibial nerve
D. The inferomedial border is soleus
E. The politeal artery runs vertically
Answer» C. The popliteal vein lies between the popliteal artery and tibial nerve
discuss
424.

Politeus

A. Arises from the tibia above the condyles
B. Slopes upwards and medially
C. Inserts into the lateral meniscus
D. In innervated by a branch of the common peroneal nerve
E. Acts to “lock” the knee in full extension
Answer» C. Inserts into the lateral meniscus
discuss
425.

With regards to the knee joint

A. The medial collateral ligament extends 8cm below the joint margin
B. The medial collateral ligament is extra-articular
C. The tenson of politeus is intra-articular
D. The lateral meniscus is more C-shaped
E. All of the avove
Answer» E. All of the avove
discuss
426.

Tibialis anterior

A. Dorsiflexes and everts the foot
B. Arises from the upper 2/3s of the fibula
C. Inserts into the medial cuneiform
D. Shares its site of insertion with peroneus tertius
E. Is supplied by L5,S1
Answer» C. Inserts into the medial cuneiform
discuss
427.

In the lateral compartment of the leg

A. The muscles are supplied by the deep peroneal nerve
B. The peroneus longus muscles arise only from the fibula
C. The peroneal muscle tendons are bound at the lateral malleolus by the inferior peroneal retinaculum
D. The peroneal muscles share a common synovial sheath at the lateral malleolus
E. The blood supply is from the anterior tibial artery
Answer» D. The peroneal muscles share a common synovial sheath at the lateral malleolus
discuss
Chapter: Abdomen - Pelvis
428.

A midline abdominal incision below the umbilicus passes through all the following EXCEPT:

A. pyradmidalis
B. linea alba
C. extra peritoneal fat
D. transversalis fascia
E. Scarpa’s fascia
Answer» A. pyradmidalis
discuss
429.

The spleen:

A. has a lower pole which normally projects forward to the anterior axillary line
B. lies between the 8th and 10th ribs
C. has a long axis lying in the line of the 9th rib
D. as it enlarges, glides in contact with the anterior abdominal wall in front of the splenic flexure of the colon
E. when palpable on abdominal examination, is identified by being resonant to percussion
Answer» D. as it enlarges, glides in contact with the anterior abdominal wall in front of the splenic flexure of the colon
discuss
430.

Which is the most common site for the appendix found at appendicectomy?

A. retro-ileal
B. reto-caecal
C. pelvic
D. anterior to terminal ileum
E. below terminal ileum overlying psoas
Answer» B. reto-caecal
discuss
431.

The abdominal aorta:

A. passes into the abdomen behind the diaphragm at the level of the 10th thoracic vertebra
B. bifurcates at the level of the body of the 2nd lumbar vertebra
C. has a surface marking for its bifurcation as 2cm below and to the right of the umbilicus
D. gives rise to the coeliac artery at the level of the body of the 10th thoracic vertebra
E. has the renal arteries arising at the level of the body of the 1st lumbar vertebra
Answer» D. gives rise to the coeliac artery at the level of the body of the 10th thoracic vertebra
discuss
432.

With regard to the spleen, which is NOT true?

A. in splenomegaly, the splenic flexure of the colon lies superficial to its anterior border
B. its anterior border is notched
C. its medial relations include left kidney, lienorenal ligament, pancreas and lesser sac
D. it lies between the 9th and 11th ribs
E. accessory spleens occur in 10% of people
Answer» A. in splenomegaly, the splenic flexure of the colon lies superficial to its anterior border
discuss
433.

With regard to the duodenum, which is NOT true?

A. the duodenal cap has plicae circulares which are often evident on x-ray
B. the third part may be compressed by the superior mesenteric artery
C. the second part lies at level of 2nd lumbar vertebra in cadavers
D. the duodenal cap lies upon bile duct, hepatic artery and portal vein
E. the accessory pancreatic duct opens into it proximal to the ampulla of Vater
Answer» A. the duodenal cap has plicae circulares which are often evident on x-ray
discuss
434.

The ejaculatory ducts:

A. are formed by the union of the prostatic ducts and the ducts of the seminal vesicle
B. lie on the superior surface of the bladder
C. open into the membranous urethra
D. contract with parasympathetic stimulation
E. have none of the above properties
Answer» E. have none of the above properties
discuss
435.

The ureter passes deep to the:

A. femoral nerve
B. gonadal artery
C. psoas muscle
D. genitofemoral nerve
E. common iliac artery
Answer» B. gonadal artery
discuss
436.

With respect to the tet*cle:

A. the tunica albuginea overlies tunica vaginalis
B. the head of the epididymis is attached to the lower pole of the testis
C. the appendix testis (if present) is attached to the upper pole of the tet*cle
D. testicular and scrotal lymph drainage is the superficial inguinal nodes
E. parasympathetic supply is via the T10 segment of the cord
Answer» C. the appendix testis (if present) is attached to the upper pole of the tet*cle
discuss
437.

With regard to the spleen, which is NOT true?

A. it is in direct contact with the lesser sac
B. it projects into the greater sac
C. its anterior border is notched
D. it receives both sympathetic and parasympathetic supply
E. lymph drainage is via retropancreatic channels to the coeliac nodes
Answer» D. it receives both sympathetic and parasympathetic supply
discuss
438.

Regarding abdominal vascular anatomy, all of the following are true EXCEPT:

A. the left renal vein lies under the superior mesenteric artery
B. the appendix is supplied by the ileo colic branch of the superior mesenteric artery
C. the left gastro epiploic artery is a branch of the splenic artery
D. the portal vein lies posterior to the pylorus
E. the duodenum receives no supply from the superior mesenteric artery
Answer» E. the duodenum receives no supply from the superior mesenteric artery
discuss
439.

With regard to the ureter, which is NOT true?

A. it is narrowed at its halfway mark
B. it crosses the genitofemoral nerve under cover of peritoneum
C. the upper part of the right ureter lies behind the duodenum
D. it lies just lateral to the tips of the transverse processes of L3-5
E. it is adherent to the peritoneum of the posterior abdominal wal
Answer» D. it lies just lateral to the tips of the transverse processes of L3-5
discuss
440.

With regard to the female pelvis, which is NOT true?

A. the cervix is separated from the rectum by the Pouch of Douglas
B. the cervix is separated from the bladder by the vesicouterine pouch
C. the ureter passes 1-2cm lateral to the cervix
D. the ureter passes under both the broad ligament and the uterine artery
E. lymph drainage from the body of the uterus includes the inguinal nodes
Answer» B. the cervix is separated from the bladder by the vesicouterine pouch
discuss
441.

With regard to the duodenum:

A. it is wholly retro-peritoneal
B. it lies wholly inferior to gallbladder
C. the third part overlies the superior mesenteric vessels
D. the second part projects slightly behind the right renal hilus
E. the head of pancreas is wholly contained within its c-shaped loop
Answer» E. the head of pancreas is wholly contained within its c-shaped loop
discuss
442.

The transversalis fascia contributes to which of the following structures on the anterior abdominal wall?

A. superficial inguinal ring
B. deep inguinal ring
C. inguinal ligament
D. sac of an indirect inguinal hernia
E. anterior wall of the inguinal canal
Answer» B. deep inguinal ring
discuss
443.

The transpyloric plane of the abdomen (passing through the lower border of L1 vertebra) passes through:

A. the spleen
B. the third part of the duodenum
C. the tail of the pancreas
D. the origin of the superior mesenteric artery
E. the fundus of the gallbladder
Answer» D. the origin of the superior mesenteric artery
discuss
444.

Afferent pain fibres for the biliary tract:

A. as far as known do not exist; pain sensation relates to inflamed overlying parietal peritoneum
B. run with the vagus nerve to the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract
C. may run with the right phrenic nerve
D. run with spinal nerves to T2-5
E. do not respond to distension of the viscus
Answer» C. may run with the right phrenic nerve
discuss
445.

With regard to the usual vasculature of the abdomen, which is NOT true?

A. the splenic vein mainly drains into the inferior vena cava
B. the portal vein drains nearly all of the gastrointestinal tract and unpaired abdominal glands except liver
C. the left gastroepiploic artery and the short gastric arteries are branches of the splenic artery
D. the right gastric artery is a branch of the hepatic artery
E. the right gastroepiploic artery is a branch of the common hepatic artery
Answer» A. the splenic vein mainly drains into the inferior vena cava
discuss
446.

Which is NOT related to the kidneys as indicated:

A. the pleura posteriorly
B. the second part of the duodenum, anterior to the right kidney
C. the tail of the pancreas, anterior to the left kidney
D. the peritoneum of the lesser sac, anterior to the left kidney
E. the splenic artery, anterior to the lower pole of the left kidney
Answer» E. the splenic artery, anterior to the lower pole of the left kidney
discuss
447.

With regard to the kidneys, which is NOT true?

A. the renal nerves are from spinal segment T12-L1
B. at the hilum, the vein is anterior to the artery which is anterior to the ureter
C. in horseshoe kidneys, ureters pass behind the isthmus of the kidney substance
D. percutaneous renal biopsy is via a point 2.5cm below the 12th rib
E. renal fascia helps prevent spread of infection from perinephric abscesses
Answer» C. in horseshoe kidneys, ureters pass behind the isthmus of the kidney substance
discuss
448.

With regard to the urethra in the young adult male, which is NOT true?

A. the prostatic urethra is narrower than the membranous urethra
B. it is approximately 20cm long
C. has a short dilated region just proximal to the external urethral meatus
D. it is horizontal in cross-section when empty
E. the bulbous part is part of the spongy urethra
Answer» A. the prostatic urethra is narrower than the membranous urethra
discuss
449.

The first part of the duodenum:

A. lies at the level of L2 in the supine body
B. is approximately 10cm long in the adult
C. partially overlies the right crus of the diaphragm and psoas muscle
D. is entirely retroperitoneal
E. receives the common opening of the bile duct on its posteromedial wall
Answer» C. partially overlies the right crus of the diaphragm and psoas muscle
discuss
450.

Which of the following forms the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A. conjoint tendon
B. internal oblique muscle
C. transversus abdominus muscle
D. lacunar ligament
E. external oblique muscle
Answer» A. conjoint tendon
discuss

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