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1010+ Anatomy Solved MCQs

These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Uncategorized topics .

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Chapter: Lower Limb
301.

Of the hip joint ligaments and capsule:

A. capsule attaches circumferentially to neck of???? anterior trochanteric line
B. retinacular fibres of capsule bind down nutrient ????? from cruciate anaster?????
C. iliofemoral ligament becomes taut on medial rotation and extension
D. all three ligaments attach to capsule and completely enclose joint
E. psoas major tendon separates capsule from femoral nerve
Answer» C. iliofemoral ligament becomes taut on medial rotation and extension
discuss
302.

Superficial cutaneous nerves supplying the thigh include the following EXCEPT:

A. ilioinguinal nerve
B. saphenous nerve
C. femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve
D. medial femoral cutaneous nerve
E. intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve
Answer» B. saphenous nerve
discuss
303.

The flexor compartment of the thigh contains which of the following muscles?

A. gluteus maximus
B. adductor magnus
C. garacilis
D. semimembranosus
E. rectus femoris
Answer» D. semimembranosus
discuss
304.

Which of the following is true of the great saphenous vein?

A. it passes posterior to the medial malleolus
B. it runs behind the lateral border of the tibia
C. it passes through the ???cribriform fascia covering the saphenous opening below the inguinal ligament
D. it joins the femoral vein from the anterolateral side
E. it has no tributaries
Answer» C. it passes through the ???cribriform fascia covering the saphenous opening below the inguinal ligament
discuss
305.

Which is not an origin of vastus lateralis?

A. upper half of the intertrochanteric line
B. aponeurosis of tensor fascia lata
C. lateral lip of the linea aspera
D. upper two thirds of the lateral supracondylar line of femur
E. lateral intermuscular septum
Answer» B. aponeurosis of tensor fascia lata
discuss
306.

Regarding the adductor canal:

A. it contains the nerve to vastus intermedialis
B. contents leave by piercing adductor longus
C. the femoral artery is always between the saphenous nerve and femoral vein in the thigh
D. below the adductor hiatus, the canal is occupied by the saphenous nerve of the descending genicular nerve
E. at the adductor hiatus, the femoral vein is medial to the artery
Answer» C. the femoral artery is always between the saphenous nerve and femoral vein in the thigh
discuss
307.

At the hip:

A. the ligament of the head of the femur is attached to the acetabular notch
B. the pubofemoral ligament is the weakest ligament at the hip
C. flexion tightens the ligaments
D. the obturator nerve via its anterior division, innervates the capsule and retinacular fibres
E. the normal range of flexion is 160°
Answer» D. the obturator nerve via its anterior division, innervates the capsule and retinacular fibres
discuss
308.

Regarding the cuneiform bones:

A. the lateral is the smallest
B. tibialis anterior is inserted into a facet on the intermediate cuneiform
C. flexor hallucis brevis has an origin on the medial cuneiform
D. the anterior surface of the medial cuneiform is triangular in shape
E. the second metatarsal bone articulates with all three cuneiforms
Answer» E. the second metatarsal bone articulates with all three cuneiforms
discuss
309.

Regarding the dorsum of the foot:

A. cutaneous innervation is primarily from the sural nerve
B. extensor digitorum brevis gives off four tendons to the lateral four toes
C. the superficial peroneal nerve divides into medial and lateral branches below the ankle
D. the inferior extensor retinaculum joins medial and lateral malleoli
E. dorsalis pedis artery runs to the base of the first intermetatarsal space
Answer» E. dorsalis pedis artery runs to the base of the first intermetatarsal space
discuss
310.

Regarding the sole of the foot:

A. the heel is supplied by lateral calcanean nerves
B. flexor hallucis brevis lies in the first muscular layer
C. flexor digitorum brevis is the lower limb equivalent of flexor digitorum superficialis
D. the plantar arteries and nerves lie between the second and third muscular layers
E. the medial plantar artery forms the plantar arch with dorsalis pedis artery
Answer» C. flexor digitorum brevis is the lower limb equivalent of flexor digitorum superficialis
discuss
311.

At the ankle joint:

A. the distal fibular is not part of the joint
B. the medial ligament is made up of three separate bands
C. the posterior tibiofibular ligament is also known as posterior transverse ligament
D. the long and short peronei muscles assist in plantar flexion
E. nerve supply is from the anterior and posterior tibial nerves
Answer» D. the long and short peronei muscles assist in plantar flexion
discuss
312.

Which is NOT true about fractured neck of femurs?

A. the leg is shortened and externally rotated in most fractured neck of femurs
B. the main source of blood to the femoral head is via the vessels running within cancellous bone from the diaphysis
C. a subcapital fracture cuts off all the blood to the head of the femur resulting in avascular necrosis
D. the blood supply to the head is increased by vessels in the capsular retinacula and it is this which prevents avascular necrosis of the head after an intertrochanteric fracture
E. the ligamentum teres attaches to the central fovea???? on the femoral head and originates from the acetabulum
Answer» C. a subcapital fracture cuts off all the blood to the head of the femur resulting in avascular necrosis
discuss
313.

Trendelenburg’s test is negative if:

A. the hip adductors are paralysed (eg in poliomyelitis)
B. there is an old unreduced or congenital dislocation of the hip
C. there is an ununited fracture of the neck of femur
D. the patient walks with a dipping gait
E. gluteus minimus and medius and tensor fascia latae are weakened severely
Answer» A. the hip adductors are paralysed (eg in poliomyelitis)
discuss
314.

Which of the following structures can be missing in a completely stable and functional knee?

A. ACL
B. PCL
C. oblique ligament
D. patella
E. lateral collateral ligament
Answer» D. patella
discuss
315.

Which statement about femoral hernias is INCORRECT?

A. it is commoner in males than females
B. it is never due to a congenital sac
C. the femoral cord acts as a lymphatic pathway from the lower limb to the external iliac nodes
D. the neck of a femoral hernia can be distinguished from an inguinal hernia because it lies below and lateral to the pubic tubercle
E. the femoral cord normally contains a fat plug and cloquet’s gland but can also accommodate a distended femoral vein
Answer» A. it is commoner in males than females
discuss
316.

In the sole:

A. plantar arteries and nerves lie between second and third layers
B. the myotome is essentially S1
C. the medial plantar nerve supplies the medial 4½ toes
D. tendons for peroneus longus and tibialis posterior lie in the third layer
E. abductor digiti minimi is in the first layer
Answer» E. abductor digiti minimi is in the first layer
discuss
317.

Which is supplied by the medial plantar nerve?

A. adductor hallucis
B. abductor digiti minimi
C. flexor hallucis longus
D. flexor accessories
E. first lumbrical
Answer» E. first lumbrical
discuss
318.

At the ankle:

A. the capsule is attached to the posterior tibiofibular ligament
B. the deltoid ligament has three parts
C. the joint is a simple hinge joint
D. the joint undergoes dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion and eversion
E. nerve supply is deep and superficial peroneal nerves and tibial nerves
Answer» A. the capsule is attached to the posterior tibiofibular ligament
discuss
319.

The cruciate anastomosis is NOT joined by:

A. transverse branch of the lateral circumflex A
B. descending branch of the internal pudendal A
C. ascending branch of the first perforating A
D. descending branch of the inferior gluteal A
E. transverse branch of the medial circumflex
Answer» B. descending branch of the internal pudendal A
discuss
320.

Stability of the patella in knee extension is maintained primarily by:

A. inferior fibres of vastus lateralis
B. relative prominence of the medial femoral condyle
C. inferior fibres of vastus medialis
D. tension of medial patella retinaculum
E. articularis genu muscle
Answer» C. inferior fibres of vastus medialis
discuss
321.

Regarding the branches of the femoral nerve:

A. does NOT supply cutaneous sensation to skin over the femoral triangle
B. femoral cutaneous nerves pass through the fascia lata via the saphenous canal
C. saphenous nerve follows the course of the great saphenous vein
D. branch to pectineus passes between the femoral artery and vein
E. generally branch within the femoral sheath
Answer» A. does NOT supply cutaneous sensation to skin over the femoral triangle
discuss
322.

Profunda femoris artery is separated from the femoral artery by:

A. pectineus
B. satorius
C. fascia lata
D. femur
E. adductor longus
Answer» E. adductor longus
discuss
323.

Femoral canal contains:

A. femoral nerve
B. lymph node (of cloquet)
C. femoral artery
D. femoral vein
E. B, C and D are correct
Answer» B. lymph node (of cloquet)
discuss
324.

Regarding the saphenous opening:

A. transmits the contents of the femoral sheath
B. posterior wall lies immediately anterior to pectineus
C. the great saphenous vein passes superiomedially through it
D. bounded medially by the lacunar ligament
E. the falciform edge attaches superiorly to the pectineal line
Answer» B. posterior wall lies immediately anterior to pectineus
discuss
325.

Piriformis:

A. is an abductor of the hip in hip flexion
B. passes through the lesser sciatic foramen
C. is the preferred site of intramuscular gluteal injection
D. passes anterior to the femoral neck
E. lies deep to the sciatic nerve
Answer» A. is an abductor of the hip in hip flexion
discuss
326.

Popliteus:

A. attaches to the medial femoral condyle
B. “locks” the knee in extension
C. supplied by a branch of the femoral nerve
D. lies immediately deep to the popliteal artery
E. may attach to the medial meniscus
Answer» D. lies immediately deep to the popliteal artery
discuss
327.

The femoral triangle:

A. the femoral triangle is bounded by the inguinal ligament medial border of sartorius and lateral border of adductor longus
B. the mid-inguinal joint is midway between the pubic tubercle and the anterior superior iliac spine
C. the femoral canal contains the lymph node of cloquet
D. the femoral sheath contains the femoral nerve and femoral artery
E. the femoral and profunda femoris arteries are separated by adductor brevis
Answer» C. the femoral canal contains the lymph node of cloquet
discuss
328.

The knee:

A. the cruciate ligaments are intra-synovial
B. the posterior cruciate ligament stabilises the flexed weight-bearing knee
C. the posterior horn of the medial meniscus is attached to the intercondylar area of the tibia behind the posterior cruciate ligament
D. the knee joint normally contains 5.0ml of synovial fluid
E. active rotation may occur in the extended knee
Answer» B. the posterior cruciate ligament stabilises the flexed weight-bearing knee
discuss
329.

Which one of the following muscles has a double nerve supply?

A. rectus femoris
B. sartorius
C. pectineus
D. adductor longus
E. active rotation may occur in the extended knee
Answer» C. pectineus
discuss
330.

Inversion and eversion of the foot take place MAINLY at the:

A. ankle joint
B. joints between the talus and calcaneus
C. joint between calcaneus and navicular bone
D. calcanocuboid joint
E. inferior tibiofibular joint
Answer» B. joints between the talus and calcaneus
discuss
331.

Which one of the following has a tendo that is intracapsular?

A. plantaris
B. popliteas
C. rectus femoris
D. psoas major
E. peroneal longus
Answer» A. plantaris
discuss
332.

The deltoid ligament belongs to the:

A. ankle joint
B. hip joint
C. knee joint
D. talocalcaneonavicular joint
E. calcaneocuboid joint
Answer» A. ankle joint
discuss
333.

Regarding superficial nerves of the anterior thigh

A. The ilioinguinal nerve only supplies external genitalia
B. The genitofemoral nerve supplies the skin over the femoral triangle
C. The medial femoral cutaneous nerve arises from L3/4
D. The intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve supplies a small area of skin over the inguinal ligament
E. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve runs lateral to the anterior superior iliac spine
Answer» B. The genitofemoral nerve supplies the skin over the femoral triangle
discuss
334.

The great saphenous vein

A. arises on the lateral aspect of the foot
B. can be found 2cm medial to the patella
C. pierces the fascia lata on the lateral side of the thigh
D. receives no tributaries above the knee
E. contains approximately 20 valves
Answer» E. contains approximately 20 valves
discuss
335.

Regarding the femoral triangle

A. The lateral border is formed by the lateral border of sartorius
B. The medial border is the medial border of adductor magnus
C. The femoral nerve is contained in the femoral sheath
D. The lymph node of cloquet lies in the femoral canal
E. The femoral vein is lateral to the artery
Answer» D. The lymph node of cloquet lies in the femoral canal
discuss
336.

Regarding the femoral artery, all of the following are true EXCEPT

A. The artery enters the femoral triangle at the mid-inguinal point
B. Passes anterior to the profunda femoris branch
C. Supplies muscles of the adductor compartment
D. Ceases at the mid point of the popliteal fossa
E. Lies medial to the femoral nerve
Answer» D. Ceases at the mid point of the popliteal fossa
discuss
337.

Regarding the femoral nerve, all of the following are true EXCEPT

A. It is formed from the anterior divisions of the anterior rami of L2/3/4
B. It supplies the muscles of the anterior compartment
C. It does not lie within the femoral sheath
D. It supplies iliacus but not psoas
E. Branches include the medial and intermediate femoral cutaneous nerves
Answer» A. It is formed from the anterior divisions of the anterior rami of L2/3/4
discuss
338.

Regarding the obturator nerve, all of the following are true EXCEPT

A. It is formed from the anterior divisions of the anterior rami of L2/3/4
B. Its anterior division supplies adductor longus, brevis, pectineus and gracilis
C. Its posterior division supplies all of adductor magnus
D. It gives a cutaneous branch which supplies the medial thigh
E. It gives articular branches to the hip and knee joints
Answer» C. Its posterior division supplies all of adductor magnus
discuss
339.

Gluteus maximus

A. Arises from the gluteal fossa of the ileum between the middle and superior gluteal lines
B. is supplied by the superior gluteal nerve
C. extends and medially rotates the hip
D. mostly inserts into the iliotibial tract
E. paralysis results in a waddling gait
Answer» D. mostly inserts into the iliotibial tract
discuss
340.

The pudendal nerve

A. Arises from L5/S1/2
B. Emerges from the upper border of piriformis
C. Contains only sensory fibres
D. Passes medial to the ischial spine
E. Passes through the greater sciatic foramen to enter the pelvis
Answer» D. Passes medial to the ischial spine
discuss
341.

Regarding the hamstring muscles, all of the following are true EXCEPT

A. All of the hamstrings arise from the innominate bone
B. All of the hamstring muscles are supplied by the tibial part of the sciatic nerve
C. The long head of biceps femoris and semitendinosus have a common origin
D. The adductor magnus is not part of the hamstring group
E. Biceps forms the medial border of the popliteal fossa
Answer» E. Biceps forms the medial border of the popliteal fossa
discuss
342.

The sciatic nerve

A. Arises from L3/4/5/S1/2
B. Emerges from the lower border of piriformis
C. Most commonly divides onto common peroneal and tibial branches in the middle of the hamstring compartment
D. Can be injured by intramuscular injections in the upper outer quadrant of the buttock
E. Gives no branches in the gluteal compartment
Answer» B. Emerges from the lower border of piriformis
discuss
343.

All of the following are lateral rotators of the hip EXCEPT

A. Gluteus maximus
B. Gluteus medius
C. Gamellus superior
D. Quadratus femoris
E. Piriformis
Answer» B. Gluteus medius
discuss
344.

Ligamentous stability for the hip joint is provided chiefly by the

A. Ligamentum teres
B. Ischiofemoral ligament
C. Pubofemoral ligament
D. Iliofemoral ligament
E. Transverse ligament
Answer» D. Iliofemoral ligament
discuss
345.

Contents of the popliteal fossa include all of the following EXCEPT

A. Sural nerve
B. Superior medial genicular artery
C. Sural communicating nerve
D. Inferior medial genicular artery
E. Anterior tibial artery
Answer» E. Anterior tibial artery
discuss
346.

Regarding ligaments of the knee joint

A. The anterior cruciate ligament inserts into the posteromedial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle
B. The arcuate ligament is an expansion of the tendon of semimembranosus
C. The meniscofemoral ligaments cross in front and behind the anterior cruciate
D. The medial collateral ligament is a cord-like structure
E. The transverse ligament connects the posterior aspects of the menisci
Answer» A. The anterior cruciate ligament inserts into the posteromedial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle
discuss
347.

Regarding the menisci of the knee

A. They are attached to the femoral condyles
B. They have a rich blood supply
C. The medial meniscus is firmly attached to the capsule of the joint
D. The medial meniscus gives origin to the meniscofemoral ligaments
E. They are composed of mainly elastic fibres Anatomy – lower limb
Answer» C. The medial meniscus is firmly attached to the capsule of the joint
discuss
348.

Regarding movements of the knee joint

A. Sartorius assists with flexion
B. The only action of popliteus is unlocking of the knee
C. Extension occurs to zero degrees
D. Locking of the knee is an active process
E. Rotation takes place above the menisci
Answer» A. Sartorius assists with flexion
discuss
349.

Regarding the extensor compartment of the leg

A. Tibialis anterior arises from the upper two thirds of the tibia and fibula
B. Extensor digitorum longus has a small origin from the lateral condyle of the tibia
C. Extensor hallucis longus is superficial to extensor digitorum longus
D. All muscles are supplied by the common peroneal nerve
E. Peroneus tertius and tibialis anterior both cause eversion of the foot
Answer» B. Extensor digitorum longus has a small origin from the lateral condyle of the tibia
discuss
350.

Which of the following structures does not pass anterior to the medial malleolus

A. Tibialis anterior
B. Extensor hallucis longus
C. Flexor hallucis longus
D. Anterior tibial artery
E. Peroneus tertius
Answer» C. Flexor hallucis longus
discuss

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