McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Uncategorized topics .
Chapters
| 651. |
The trachea: |
| A. | bifurcates at a variable level according to respiration |
| B. | is supplied by the superior thyroid arteries |
| C. | commences at C5 level |
| D. | is non elastic and is supported by cartilaginous rings |
| E. | is in contact with the recurrent laryngeal nerve on the right |
| Answer» A. bifurcates at a variable level according to respiration | |
| 652. |
Which is NOT located at the level of the lower border of T4 vertebra? |
| A. | the most superior part of the arch of the aorta |
| B. | azygous vein enters the superior vena cava |
| C. | thoracic duct reaches the left side of the oesophagus as it ascends |
| D. | ligamentum arteriosum |
| E. | superficial and deep parts of the cardiac plexus |
| Answer» A. the most superior part of the arch of the aorta | |
| 653. |
In the anatomical position, the heart: |
| A. | has a right border comprised of right atrium and right ventricle |
| B. | has an anterior (sternocostal) surface comprised of right atrium, right ventricle and a strip of left ventricle |
| C. | has a posterior surface comprised of left atrium, four pulmonary veins and left ventricle |
| D. | has an inferior (diaphragmatic) surface comprised of left atrium, inferior vena cava and right ventricle |
| E. | all of the above are true |
| Answer» B. has an anterior (sternocostal) surface comprised of right atrium, right ventricle and a strip of left ventricle | |
| 654. |
Which is NOT USUALLY supplied by the right coronary artery? |
| A. | sinoatrial nodal artery |
| B. | atrioventricular nodal artery |
| C. | conus artery |
| D. | right bundle of HIS |
| E. | posterior part of the interventricular septum |
| Answer» D. right bundle of HIS | |
| 655. |
With regard to lymphatic drainage in the thorax, which is NOT true? |
| A. | the anterior intercostal spaces drain into parasternal nodes thence to brachiocephalic veins |
| B. | mid-part of oesophagus drains to the paraaortic nodes beside the descending aorta |
| C. | the lower posterior intercostal groups of nodes drain into cysterna chyli |
| D. | the heart drains into the tracheobronchial nodes thence to mediastinal, lymph trunks |
| E. | the mediastinal lymph trunks lie alongside the trachea |
| Answer» B. mid-part of oesophagus drains to the paraaortic nodes beside the descending aorta | |
| 656. |
With regard to the oesophagus, which is NOT true? |
| A. | the upper part is supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve |
| B. | the upper third has skeletal muscle whereas the lower two thirds is smooth muscle |
| C. | the narrowest part is where it passes through the diaphragm |
| D. | oesophageal pain can be referred to the neck, arm and thoracic wall |
| E. | pierces the diaphragm at the level of T10 vertebral body |
| Answer» C. the narrowest part is where it passes through the diaphragm | |
| 657. |
With respect to the blood supply of the hearts, which answer is INCORRECT? |
| A. | the left coronary artery and its branches are the main blood supply to the interventricular septum |
| B. | the coronary sinus receives the great cardiac vein |
| C. | anterior cardiac veins drain directly into the right atrium |
| D. | the sinoatrial nodes is, in a majority of cases, supplied by the left coronary artery |
| E. | the right coronary artery gives off a marginal branch at the inferior border of the heart |
| Answer» D. the sinoatrial nodes is, in a majority of cases, supplied by the left coronary artery | |
| 658. |
With regard to the phrenic nerve: |
| A. | its fibres are exclusively motor |
| B. | it is predominantly sensory |
| C. | the right phrenic nerve lies anterior to the right lung root |
| D. | it divides into anterior posterior and medial divisions on the thoracic surface of the diaphragm |
| E. | it divides into anterior posterior and medial divisions on the abdominal surface of the diaphragm |
| Answer» C. the right phrenic nerve lies anterior to the right lung root | |
| 659. |
Regarding the cardiac veins: |
| A. | the great cardiac vein accompanies the posterior descending interventricular artery |
| B. | the middle cardiac vein ends in the right atrium |
| C. | the anterior cardiac vein ends in the right atrium |
| D. | the small cardiac vein accompanies the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery |
| E. | the oblique veins of the left atrium end in the left atrium |
| Answer» C. the anterior cardiac vein ends in the right atrium | |
| 660. |
With regard to the intercostal neurovascular bundle: |
| A. | it maintains a close association with the superior posterior aspect of its own rib |
| B. | it travels in a neurovascular plane between external and internal muscle layers |
| C. | the artery has a longer course around the body wall than the nerve |
| D. | the nerve is always inferior to the artery |
| E. | the vein may travel below the nerve |
| Answer» D. the nerve is always inferior to the artery | |
| 661. |
A needle inserted between the xiphoid process and 7th left intercostal cartilage for the purpose of pericardiocentesis passes through all the following structures EXCEPT: |
| A. | central tendon of diaphragm |
| B. | serous pericardium |
| C. | rectus sheath |
| D. | fibrous pericardium |
| E. | pleura |
| Answer» E. pleura | |
| 662. |
The parietal pleura in an average sized adult male: |
| A. | projects 3cm above the medial third of the upper surface of the clavicle |
| B. | projects 2cm beyond the thoracic outlet |
| C. | projects 1cm above the inner border of the first rib |
| D. | does not project above the upper surface of the clavicle |
| E. | none of the above |
| Answer» A. projects 3cm above the medial third of the upper surface of the clavicle | |
| 663. |
Regarding the chest wall: |
| A. | the intercostal artery runs between the external and internal intercostal muscles |
| B. | the muscles of outer thoracic wall layer are serratus posterior superior, serratus posterior inferior only |
| C. | the 5th posterior intercostal vein, artery and nerve run on the lower border of the 5th rib |
| D. | the order of structures in the intercostal space are artery, vein, nerve |
| E. | the 1st intercostal nerve supplies skin over the anterior chest wall |
| Answer» C. the 5th posterior intercostal vein, artery and nerve run on the lower border of the 5th rib | |
| 664. |
The azygous vein: |
| A. | usually enters the right subclavian vein |
| B. | only drains the middle third of the oesophagus |
| C. | only drains part of the oesophagus and bronchial vein |
| D. | passes forward anteriorly medial to the oesophagus from T3 |
| E. | arches over the right bronchus at left of T4 vertebra |
| Answer» E. arches over the right bronchus at left of T4 vertebra | |
| 665. |
The trachea: |
| A. | starts at the thyroid cartilage |
| B. | bifurcates into the right and left bronchi behind the manubrium – sternal angle |
| C. | passes through the posterior mediastinum |
| D. | is not supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve |
| E. | blood supply is from the superior thyroid artery |
| Answer» B. bifurcates into the right and left bronchi behind the manubrium – sternal angle | |
| 666. |
In the thorax: |
| A. | the inlet is bounded by the scapulae, clavicles and sternum |
| B. | the inferior border of the superior mediastinum is level with T4 |
| C. | the right phrenic nerve passes through the oesophageal opening |
| D. | the left phrenic nerve passes through the oesophageal opening |
| E. | the thoracic duct passes through the canal opening |
| Answer» B. the inferior border of the superior mediastinum is level with T4 | |
| 667. |
The sternoclavicular joint: |
| A. | is a simple synovial joint |
| B. | is more likely to dislocate posteriorly than anteriorly |
| C. | is supplied by the cervical plexus |
| D. | undergoes weak active rotation due to the action of subclavius |
| E. | owes most of its strength to a single band of fibres joining clavicle to sternal notch and manubrium |
| Answer» C. is supplied by the cervical plexus | |
| 668. |
In the thorax: |
| A. | the lungs are supported at the hilum by the pulmonary ligament |
| B. | the right lung horizontal fissure lies at the 4th intercostal space |
| C. | the parietal and visceral pleura have rich sensory innervation |
| D. | the hilum of the lung lies at the level of theT7-8 vertebra |
| E. | the dome of the lung rises above the medial one third of the clavicle |
| Answer» B. the right lung horizontal fissure lies at the 4th intercostal space | |
| 669. |
In the mediastinum: |
| A. | the pulmonary trunk divides anterior to the left main bronchus |
| B. | the pulmonary trunk divides anterior to the carina |
| C. | the left and right lung inferior lobes each have four segments |
| D. | the upper lobe of the right lung reaches the 5th costochondral junction anteriorly in the rest position |
| E. | the left lung inferior lobe has five segments and the right has four |
| Answer» A. the pulmonary trunk divides anterior to the left main bronchus | |
| 670. |
In the coronary circulation: |
| A. | the commonest arterial pattern is that of ‘left dominance’ |
| B. | the sinoatrial nodal artery arises from the left coronary artery in almost half the population |
| C. | the anterior cardiac veins drain the left ventricle |
| D. | the coronary sinus drains into the left atrium |
| E. | the right coronary artery arises from the posterior aortic sinus |
| Answer» B. the sinoatrial nodal artery arises from the left coronary artery in almost half the population | |
| 671. |
The aortic opening in the diaphragm transmits: |
| A. | oesophageal-gastric lymphatics |
| B. | branches of the left gastric artery |
| C. | the left phrenic nerve |
| D. | posterior vaginal plexus |
| E. | azygous vein |
| Answer» E. azygous vein | |
| 672. |
The azygous vein: |
| A. | passes through the oesophageal hiatus of the diaphragm |
| B. | crosses over the right bronchus at T6 |
| C. | drains into the left brachiocephalic vein |
| D. | drains the lower eight intercostal spaces |
| E. | drains the inferior third of the oesophagus |
| Answer» D. drains the lower eight intercostal spaces | |
| 673. |
In the deepest intercostal muscle layer: |
| A. | the subcostals line the rib cage at the side |
| B. | fibres of the innermost intercostal group only span one intercostal space |
| C. | fibres of the subcostals group only span one intercostal space |
| D. | transversus thoracis fibres only arise from 2nd to 6th costal cartilages |
| E. | the border of the subcostal muscle group meets the innermost intercostal groups, overlapping slightly so the intercostal artery can slip between them to join the intercostal nerve |
| Answer» D. transversus thoracis fibres only arise from 2nd to 6th costal cartilages | |
| 674. |
Regarding tissues: |
| A. | cartilage is very vascular |
| B. | ligaments are generally not elastic |
| C. | deep fascia is insensate |
| D. | cardiac muscle is not striated |
| E. | periosteum is not sensitive |
| Answer» B. ligaments are generally not elastic | |
| 675. |
An example of a unipennate muscle is: |
| A. | sartorius |
| B. | flexor pollicis longus |
| C. | rectus femoris |
| D. | deltoid |
| E. | tibialis anterior |
| Answer» B. flexor pollicis longus | |
| 676. |
An example of a secondary cartilaginous joint is: |
| A. | distal tibiofibular joint |
| B. | costochondral joint |
| C. | sagittal suture |
| D. | manubrio-sternal joint |
| E. | knee joint |
| Answer» D. manubrio-sternal joint | |
| 677. |
Which vessel is not an end artery? |
| A. | renal artery |
| B. | retinal artery |
| C. | pulmonary artery |
| D. | intercostal artery |
| E. | splenic artery |
| Answer» D. intercostal artery | |
| 678. |
The appendages of the skin: |
| A. | are derived from mesoderm |
| B. | are derived from epidermal tissues |
| C. | lie in the dermal layer |
| D. | are derived from endoderm |
| E. | splenic artery |
| Answer» B. are derived from epidermal tissues | |
| 679. |
Melanocyte(s): |
| A. | number determine the colour of the skin |
| B. | are responsible for high colour, greying is the result of decreasing numbers |
| C. | produce varying melanins |
| D. | are found mainly in the dermal layer |
| E. | splenic artery |
| Answer» C. produce varying melanins | |
| 680. |
In regards to connective tissue: |
| A. | aponeuroses are a form of deep fascia |
| B. | retinaculae are a form of ligament |
| C. | deep fascia is insensate |
| D. | some ligaments are designed to allow a degree of elasticity |
| E. | splenic artery |
| Answer» D. some ligaments are designed to allow a degree of elasticity | |
| 681. |
Which is correct? |
| A. | oblique alignment of striated muscle fibres allows for greater force of contraction |
| B. | smooth muscle is multi-nucleated |
| C. | the epimysium surrounds groups of striated muscle fibres to form muscle bundles or fasciculi |
| D. | rectus femoris fibres are arranged in a muti-pennate form to allow increased force of contraction |
| E. | alpha anterior horn cells of the spinal cord supply the intrafusal muscle fibres |
| Answer» A. oblique alignment of striated muscle fibres allows for greater force of contraction | |
| 682. |
Which is correct? |
| A. | B-cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity |
| B. | plasma cells are differentiated B-cells |
| C. | all lymphoid tissue is encapsulated |
| D. | in lymph nodes, follicles of lymphocytes are concentrated in the medullary region |
| E. | alpha anterior horn cells of the spinal cord supply the intrafusal muscle fibres |
| Answer» B. plasma cells are differentiated B-cells | |
| 683. |
Which of the following pairs do not match with regard to mode of ossification? |
| A. | ribs and vertebra |
| B. | clavicle and humerus |
| C. | femur and 1st metatarsal |
| D. | patella and pisiform |
| E. | mandible and clavicle |
| Answer» B. clavicle and humerus | |
| 684. |
Regarding cartilage, which is INCORRECT? |
| A. | it is essentially avascular |
| B. | hyaline cartilage contains hyaluronic acid |
| C. | rib cartilage is elastic type |
| D. | TMJ is fibrous |
| E. | all contain mucopolysaccharides |
| Answer» C. rib cartilage is elastic type | |
| 685. |
Regarding muscle strength, which is not a factor? |
| A. | resting muscle length |
| B. | cross sectional area |
| C. | lever arm length |
| D. | the extent to which the muscle is contracted |
| E. | configuration of fibres |
| Answer» A. resting muscle length | |
| 686. |
Which is true? |
| A. | epidermis is derived from mesoderm |
| B. | the sweat glands, sebaceous glands are mesodermal in origin |
| C. | the epidermis contains fibrous tissue and blood vessels |
| D. | the colour of the skin is determined by the number of melanocytes |
| E. | the dermis has a mesodermal origin |
| Answer» E. the dermis has a mesodermal origin | |
| 687. |
Regarding sweat glands, which is true? |
| A. | the main nerve supply is via cholinergic sympathetic fibres |
| B. | the main nerve supply is via adrenergic sympathetic nerves |
| C. | they are derived from mesoderm |
| D. | the normal tubular sweat glands undergo cyclical changes with the menstrual cycle |
| E. | the highest number of sweat glands are found on the feet |
| Answer» A. the main nerve supply is via cholinergic sympathetic fibres | |
| 688. |
Regarding cartilage, which is true? |
| A. | they have a rich blood supply |
| B. | the intervertebral discs contain hyaline cartilage |
| C. | hyaline and fibrous cartilage never calcify |
| D. | elastic cartilage never calcifies |
| E. | elastic cartilage is the commonest type |
| Answer» D. elastic cartilage never calcifies | |
| 689. |
Regarding muscles, which is true? |
| A. | cardiac muscle is more powerful than skeletal or smooth |
| B. | skeletal muscle fibres are spindle shaped |
| C. | smooth muscle does not contain actin or myosin |
| D. | skeletal muscle contraction causes peristalsis in the GI tract and ureter |
| E. | cardiac muscle fibres are short, branched, mononuclear and striated |
| Answer» E. cardiac muscle fibres are short, branched, mononuclear and striated | |
| 690. |
Regarding periosteum, which is TRUE? |
| A. | it is avascular |
| B. | it is osteogenic |
| C. | it covers the articular surface of long bones |
| D. | it covers the inner surface of the medullary cavity |
| E. | it receives its blood supply from overlying muscle |
| Answer» B. it is osteogenic | |
| 691. |
An example of secondary cartilaginous joint is: |
| A. | hip joint |
| B. | manubrio-sternal joint |
| C. | costochondral joint |
| D. | epiphysis |
| E. | wrist joint |
| Answer» B. manubrio-sternal joint | |
| 692. |
An example of a fibrous joint is: |
| A. | the structures of the skull |
| B. | vertebral column |
| C. | pubic symphysis |
| D. | hip joint |
| E. | manubrio-sternal joint |
| Answer» A. the structures of the skull | |
| 693. |
In the skin: |
| A. | apocrine sweat glands are confined to the axillae, areolar, periumbilical and genital regions |
| B. | dark skinned races posses greater numbers of melanocytes |
| C. | sebaceous glands are abundant on the palms and soles |
| D. | melanocytes predominate in the dermis |
| E. | sweat glands are under the influence of sex hormones |
| Answer» A. apocrine sweat glands are confined to the axillae, areolar, periumbilical and genital regions | |
| 694. |
Regarding bone: |
| A. | cancellous and compact bone show similar microscopic structure |
| B. | the clavicle ossifies in membrane |
| C. | the bones of the skull and face ossify in cartilage |
| D. | the epiphyseal plates of growing bones are composed of fibrocartilage |
| E. | sesamoid bones are only associated with flexor tendons |
| Answer» B. the clavicle ossifies in membrane | |
| 695. |
What are vincula? |
| A. | the papillary ridges that form finger prints |
| B. | superficial fibres of the palmar aponeurosis that insert into the skin |
| C. | remnant fibres of palmar interossei that insert into the proximal area of the thumb |
| D. | a communication between common flexor sheath and the sheet of pollicis longus present in 50% of people |
| E. | vascular synovial folds of flexor tendons |
| Answer» E. vascular synovial folds of flexor tendons | |
| 696. |
A group C nerve fibre: |
| A. | is up to 20um in diameter |
| B. | is myelinated |
| C. | has motor function |
| D. | is fusimotor to muscle spindles |
| E. | is postganglionic autonomic |
| Answer» E. is postganglionic autonomic | |
| 697. |
Regarding autonomic nervous system, visceral pain is not referred to L3-S1 because: |
| A. | there are no visceral afferents related to these lumbar splanchnic nerves |
| B. | there are no white rami communications to these spinal nerves |
| C. | there are no sympathetic ganglia associated with these spinal segments |
| D. | there is no sympathetic efferent supply to these spinal nerves |
| E. | there are no grey rami communicants associated with the autonomic ganglia of L3-S1 spinal nerves |
| Answer» B. there are no white rami communications to these spinal nerves | |
| 698. |
Which of the following peripheral fibres have pain and temperature fibres? |
| A. | alpha neuron |
| B. | beta neuron |
| C. | gamma neuron |
| D. | delta neuron |
| E. | group B fibres |
| Answer» D. delta neuron | |
| 699. |
Regarding the sympathetic nervous system: |
| A. | every spinal nerve receives a white ramus communican |
| B. | efferent post ganglionic fibres are myelinated |
| C. | afferent sympathetic fibres synapse in the sympathetic trunk |
| D. | preganglionic cell bodies lie within the lateral horn of the T1-L2 spinal segments |
| E. | each cervical ganglion gives off one ramus communicans |
| Answer» D. preganglionic cell bodies lie within the lateral horn of the T1-L2 spinal segments | |
| 700. |
Which of the following nerve roots is correctly associated with the corresponding muscle action? |
| A. | L5 plantar flexion |
| B. | L2 knee extension |
| C. | C5 abduction of the shoulder |
| D. | C8 abduction of the thumb |
| E. | S1 extension of the great toe |
| Answer» C. C5 abduction of the shoulder | |
Done Studing? Take A Test.
Great job completing your study session! Now it's time to put your knowledge to the test. Challenge yourself, see how much you've learned, and identify areas for improvement. Don’t worry, this is all part of the journey to mastery. Ready for the next step? Take a quiz to solidify what you've just studied.