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1. |
Select the correct statement |
A. | material cost of a rivet is higher than that of a bolt |
B. | tensile strength of a bolt is lesser than that of a rivet |
C. | bolts are used as a temporary fastening whereas rivets are used as permanent fastenings |
D. | riveting is less noisy than bolting |
Answer» C. bolts are used as a temporary fastening whereas rivets are used as permanent fastenings |
2. |
The forces acting on the web splice of a plate girder are |
A. | axial forces |
B. | shear and axial forces |
C. | shear and bending forces |
D. | axial and bending forces |
Answer» C. shear and bending forces |
3. |
Generally the purlins are placed at the panel points so as to avoid |
A. | axial force in rafter |
B. | shear force in rafter |
C. | deflection of rafter |
D. | bending moment in rafter |
Answer» D. bending moment in rafter |
4. |
Which of the following sections should preferably be used at places where torsion occurs? |
A. | angle section |
B. | channel section |
C. | box type section |
D. | any of the above |
Answer» C. box type section |
5. |
Other conditions being same, the load factor in indeterminate structures is |
A. | equal to load factor in determinate structures |
B. | more than the load factor in determinate structures |
C. | less than the load factor in determinate structures |
D. | unpredictable |
Answer» B. more than the load factor in determinate structures |
6. |
Rivets connecting flange angles to cover plates in a plate girder are subjected to |
A. | horizontal shear only |
B. | vertical load only |
C. | both (a) and (b) |
D. | none of the above |
Answer» A. horizontal shear only |
7. |
The effective length of a fillet weld should not be less than |
A. | two times the weld size |
B. | four times the weld size |
C. | six times the weld size |
D. | weld size |
Answer» B. four times the weld size |
8. |
In a gusseted base, when the end of the column is machined for complete bearing on the base plate, then the axial load is assumed to be transferred to base plate |
A. | fully by direct bearing |
B. | fully through fastenings |
C. | 50% by direct bearing and 50% through fastenings |
D. | 75% by direct bearing and 25% through fastenings |
Answer» C. 50% by direct bearing and 50% through fastenings |
9. |
If the floor is supported at or near the bottom but top chords of a bridge is not braced, then the bridge is called |
A. | deck type |
B. | through type |
C. | half through type |
D. | double deck type |
Answer» C. half through type |
10. |
The elastic strain for steel is about |
A. | 1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/120 of maximum strain |
B. | 1/2 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/12 of maximum strain |
C. | 1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and 1/200 of maximum strain |
D. | 1/24 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/200 of maximum strain |
Answer» C. 1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and 1/200 of maximum strain |
11. |
In the virtual work method, the virtual quantity is |
A. | displacement |
B. | load |
C. | slope |
D. | moment |
Answer» A. displacement |
12. |
In moment resistant connections, the moment resistance of riveted connection depends upon |
A. | shear in rivets |
B. | compression in rivets |
C. | tension in rivets |
D. | strength of rivets in bearing |
Answer» C. tension in rivets |
13. |
The portal bracing in a truss bridge is used to |
A. | transfer load from top of end posts to bearings |
B. | keep the rectangular shape of the bridge cross-section |
C. | stiffen the structure laterally |
D. | prevent the sides-way buckling of top chord |
Answer» A. transfer load from top of end posts to bearings |
14. |
The maximum permissible span of asbestos cement sheets is |
A. | 650 mm |
B. | 810 mm |
C. | 1250 mm |
D. | 1680 mm |
Answer» D. 1680 mm |
15. |
Lacing bars in a steel column should be designed to resist |
A. | bending moment due to 2.5% of the column load |
B. | shear force due to 2.5% of the column load |
C. | 2.5% of the column load |
D. | both (a) and (b) |
Answer» B. shear force due to 2.5% of the column load |
16. |
The moment of the couple set up in a section of a beam by the longitudinal compressive and tensile force, is known as |
A. | bending moment |
B. | moment of resistance |
C. | flexural stress moment |
D. | none of these |
Answer» B. moment of resistance |
17. |
The thickness of the web of a mild steel plate girder is less than d/200. If only one horizontal stiffener is used, it is placed at |
A. | the neutral axis of the section |
B. | 2/3rd of the depth of the neutral axis from the compression flange |
C. | 2/5th of the depth of the neutral axis from the compression flange |
D. | 2/5th of the height of the neutral axis from tension flange |
Answer» C. 2/5th of the depth of the neutral axis from the compression flange |
18. |
Shear buckling of web in a plate girder is prevented by using |
A. | vertical intermediate stiffener |
B. | horizontal stiffener at neutral axis |
C. | bearing stiffener |
D. | none of the above |
Answer» A. vertical intermediate stiffener |
19. |
The most commonly used sections in lateral system to carry shear force in built up columns, are |
A. | rolled steel flats |
B. | rolled angles |
C. | rolled channels |
D. | all the above |
Answer» D. all the above |
20. |
The stress in the wall of a thin cylinder subjected to internal pressure, is |
A. | hoop compression |
B. | shear |
C. | torsional shear |
D. | hoop tension |
Answer» D. hoop tension |
21. |
The risk coefficient k, depends on |
A. | mean probable design life of structures |
B. | basic wind speed |
C. | both (a) and (b) |
D. | none of the above |
Answer» C. both (a) and (b) |
22. |
For eccentrically loaded columns, the bending factor is |
A. | cross-sectional area of column/radius of gyration |
B. | radius of gyration/cross-sectional area of column |
C. | cross-sectional area of column/section modulus of the section |
D. | section modulus of the section/cross-sectional area of column |
Answer» C. cross-sectional area of column/section modulus of the section |
23. |
The net area of round bars to resist the tension, is the area of cross section at |
A. | mid-section |
B. | root of the thread |
C. | difference of (a) and (b) |
D. | none of these |
Answer» B. root of the thread |
24. |
The bracing between two columns of a steel tank will be designed to resist |
A. | horizontal shear due to wind or earthquake only |
B. | horizontal, shear due to wind or earthquake + 2.5% of column loads |
C. | column loads + 2.5% of horizontal shear due to wind or earthquake |
D. | column loads + full horizontal shear due to wind or earthquake |
Answer» B. horizontal, shear due to wind or earthquake + 2.5% of column loads |
25. |
A column splice is used to increase |
A. | length of the column |
B. | strength of the column |
C. | cross-sectional area of the column |
D. | none of these |
Answer» A. length of the column |
26. |
The bracing provided in the plane of end posts is called |
A. | sway bracing |
B. | portal bracing |
C. | top lateral bracing |
D. | bottom lateral bracing |
Answer» B. portal bracing |
27. |
In a built up beam actual bending compressive stress fbc is given by (when y1 is the distance of the edge of the beam from the neutral axis). |
A. | fbc = (m/ixx) × y |
B. | fbc = (ixx/m) × y |
C. | fbc = (ixx/m) + y |
D. | fbc = (m/ixx) + y |
Answer» A. fbc = (m/ixx) × y |
28. |
If the thickness of a structural member is small as compared to its length and width, it is classified as |
A. | one dimensional |
B. | two dimensional |
C. | three dimensional |
D. | none of these |
Answer» B. two dimensional |
29. |
The statical method of plastic analysis satisfies |
A. | equilibrium and mechanism conditions |
B. | equilibrium and plastic moment conditions |
C. | mechanism and plastic moment conditions |
D. | equilibrium condition only |
Answer» B. equilibrium and plastic moment conditions |
30. |
Lug angle is |
A. | used with single angle member |
B. | not used with double angle member |
C. | used with channel member |
D. | all the above |
Answer» D. all the above |
31. |
For the economical design of a combined footing to support two equal column loads, the projections of beams in lower tier are kept such that bending moment under column is equal to |
A. | bending moment at the centre of the beam |
B. | half the bending moment at the centre of the beam |
C. | twice the bending moment at the centre of the beam |
D. | none of these |
Answer» A. bending moment at the centre of the beam |
32. |
Stiffeners are used in a plate girder |
A. | to reduce the compressive stress |
B. | to reduce the shear stress |
C. | to take the bearing stress |
D. | to avoid bulking of web plate |
Answer» D. to avoid bulking of web plate |
33. |
As compared to field rivets, the shop rivets are |
A. | stronger |
B. | weaker |
C. | equally strong |
D. | any of the above |
Answer» A. stronger |
34. |
A fillet weld whose axis is parallel to the direction of the applied load, is known as |
A. | diagonal filler weld |
B. | end fillet weld |
C. | side fillet weld |
D. | all the above |
Answer» C. side fillet weld |
35. |
In a truss girder of a bridge, a diagonal consists of mild steel flat 4001.S.F. and carries a pull of 80 tonnes. If the gross-diameter of the rivet is 26 mm, the number of rivets required in the splice, is |
A. | 6 |
B. | 7 |
C. | 8 |
D. | 9 |
Answer» C. 8 |
36. |
When the bolts are subjected to reversal of stresses, the most suitable type of bolt is |
A. | black bolt |
B. | ordinary unfinished bolt |
C. | turned and fitted bolt |
D. | high strength bolt |
Answer» D. high strength bolt |
37. |
Factor of safety is the ratio of |
A. | yield stress to working stress |
B. | tensile stress to working stress |
C. | compressive stress to working stress |
D. | bearing stress to working stress |
Answer» A. yield stress to working stress |
38. |
The best arrangement to provide unified behaviour in built up steel columns is by |
A. | lacing |
B. | battening |
C. | tie plates |
D. | perforated cover plates |
Answer» A. lacing |
39. |
The ratio of shearing stress to shearing strain within elastic limit, is known as |
A. | modulus of elasticity |
B. | shear modulus of elasticity |
C. | bulk modulus of elasticity |
D. | tangent modulus of elasticity |
Answer» B. shear modulus of elasticity |
40. |
In a built up section carrying a tensile force, the flanges of two channels are turned outward |
A. | to simplify the transverse connections |
B. | to minimise lacing |
C. | to have greater lateral rigidity |
D. | all the above |
Answer» C. to have greater lateral rigidity |
41. |
A fillet weld may be termed as |
A. | mitre weld |
B. | concave weld |
C. | convex weld |
D. | all the above |
Answer» D. all the above |
42. |
Gantry girders are designed to resist |
A. | lateral loads |
B. | longitudinal loads and vertical loads |
C. | lateral, longitudinal and vertical loads |
D. | lateral and longitudinal loads |
Answer» C. lateral, longitudinal and vertical loads |
43. |
The distance between e.g. of compression and e.g. of tension flanges of a plate girder, is known as |
A. | overall depth |
B. | clear depth |
C. | effective depth |
D. | none of these |
Answer» C. effective depth |
44. |
The effective length of a compression member of length L held in position at both ends but not restrained in direction, is |
A. | l |
B. | 0.67 l |
C. | 0.85 l |
D. | 1.5 l |
Answer» A. l |
45. |
The live load for a sloping roof with slope 15°, where access is not provided to roof, is taken as |
A. | 0.65 kn/m² |
B. | 0.75 kn/m² |
C. | 1.35 kn/m² |
D. | 1.50 kn/m² |
Answer» A. 0.65 kn/m² |
46. |
Design of a riveted joint is based on the assumption: |
A. | bending stress in rivets is accounted for |
B. | riveted hole is assumed to be completely filled by the rivet |
C. | stress in the plate in not uniform |
D. | friction between plates is taken into account |
Answer» B. riveted hole is assumed to be completely filled by the rivet |
47. |
Steel tanks are mainly designed for |
A. | weight of tank |
B. | wind pressure |
C. | water pressure |
D. | earthquake forces |
Answer» C. water pressure |
48. |
The cross-section of a standard fillet is a triangle whose base angles are |
A. | 45° and 45° |
B. | 30° and 60° |
C. | 40° and 50° |
D. | 20° and 70° |
Answer» A. 45° and 45° |
49. |
The sway bracing is designed to transfer |
A. | 2vi % of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing |
B. | 10% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing |
C. | 25% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing |
D. | 50% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing |
Answer» D. 50% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing |
50. |
Cold driven rivets range from |
A. | 6 to 10 mm in diameter |
B. | 10 to 16 mm in diameter |
C. | 12 to 22 mm in diameter |
D. | 22 to 32 mm in diameter |
Answer» C. 12 to 22 mm in diameter |
51. |
The mechanism method of plastic analysis satisfies |
A. | equilibrium and mechanism conditions |
B. | equilibrium and plastic moment conditions |
C. | mechanism and plastic moment conditions |
D. | equilibrium condition only |
Answer» A. equilibrium and mechanism conditions |
52. |
Rolled steel beams are designated by Indian Standard series and its |
A. | weight per metre and depth of its section |
B. | depth of section and weight per metre |
C. | width of flange and weight per metre |
D. | weight per metre and flange width |
Answer» B. depth of section and weight per metre |
53. |
When plates are exposed to weather, tacking rivets are provided at a pitch in line not exceeding (where t is the thickness of the outside plate). |
A. | 8 t |
B. | 16 t |
C. | 24 t |
D. | 32 t |
Answer» B. 16 t |
54. |
For a compression member with double angle section, which of the following section will give larger value of minimum radius of gyration? |
A. | equal angles back to back |
B. | unequal legged angles with long legs back to back |
C. | unequal legged angles with short legs back to back |
D. | both (b) and (c) |
Answer» B. unequal legged angles with long legs back to back |
55. |
The gross section of the web of a beam is defined as |
A. | depth of the beam multiplied by its web thickness |
B. | width of the flange multiplied by its web thickness |
C. | sum of the flange width and depth of the beam multiplied by the web thickness |
D. | none of these |
Answer» A. depth of the beam multiplied by its web thickness |
56. |
Pitch of tacking rivets, when double angles connected back to back and acting as tension members should not be more than |
A. | 500 mm |
B. | 600 mm |
C. | 1000 mm |
D. | 300 mm |
Answer» C. 1000 mm |
57. |
In a tension member if one or more than one rivet holes are off the line, the failure of the member depends upon: |
A. | pitch |
B. | gauge |
C. | diameter of the rivet holes |
D. | all the above |
Answer» D. all the above |
58. |
The heaviest I-section for same depth is |
A. | ismb |
B. | islb |
C. | ishb |
D. | iswb |
Answer» C. ishb |
59. |
The effective length of a compression member of length L, held in position and restrained in direction at both ends, is |
A. | l |
B. | 0.67 l |
C. | 0.85 l |
D. | 1.5 l |
Answer» B. 0.67 l |
60. |
Efficiency of a riveted joint is defined as the ratio of |
A. | least strength of a riveted joint to the strength of solid plate |
B. | greatest strength of a riveted joint to the strength of solid plate |
C. | least strength of a riveted plate to the greatest strength of the riveted joint |
D. | all the above |
Answer» D. all the above |
61. |
By providing sufficient edge distance, which of the following failures of riveted joint can be avoided? |
A. | tension failure of the plate |
B. | shear failure of the rivet |
C. | shear failure of the plate |
D. | crushing failure of the rivet |
Answer» C. shear failure of the plate |
62. |
The maximum tensile and compressive bending stress in extreme fibres of rolled I-sections and channels on the effective section, is |
A. | 1500 kg/cm2 |
B. | 1420 kg/cm2 |
C. | 1650 kg/cm2 |
D. | 2285 kg/cm2 |
Answer» C. 1650 kg/cm2 |
63. |
When the ratio of the moment M to axial load P is greater than L/6, the resultant of the compressive bearing pressure which acts at a distance Y from one side, is given by |
A. | y = (l/3) - (m/p) |
B. | y = (l/2) - (p/m) |
C. | y = (l/2) + (m/p) |
D. | y = (l/3) + (m/p) |
Answer» B. y = (l/2) - (p/m) |
64. |
A circular column section is generally not used in actual practice because |
A. | it is uneconomical |
B. | it cannot carry the load safely |
C. | it is difficult to connect beams to the round sections |
D. | all of the above |
Answer» C. it is difficult to connect beams to the round sections |
65. |
Rise of a Jack arch is kept about |
A. | 1/2 to 1/3 of the span |
B. | 1/3 to 1/4 of the span |
C. | 1/4 to 1/8 of the span |
D. | 1/8 to 1/12 of the span |
Answer» D. 1/8 to 1/12 of the span |
66. |
For a steel member of slenderness ratio 350, the allowable stress is 76 kg/cm2 if it is |
A. | htw grade of thickness exceeding 32 mm |
B. | ht grade of thickness exceeding 45 mm |
C. | ht grade of thickness not exceeding 45 mm |
D. | all the above |
Answer» D. all the above |
67. |
The main type of butt joints, is a double cover |
A. | shear riveted joint |
B. | chain riveted joint |
C. | zig-zag riveted joint |
D. | all the above |
Answer» D. all the above |
68. |
Bearing stiffener in a plate girder is used to |
A. | transfer the load from the top flange to the bottom one |
B. | prevent buckling of web |
C. | decrease the effective depth of web |
D. | prevent excessive deflection |
Answer» B. prevent buckling of web |
69. |
The central deflection of a simply supported steel beam of length L with a concentrated load W at the centre, is |
A. | wl3/3ei |
B. | wl4/3ei |
C. | wl3/48ei |
D. | 5wl4/384ei |
Answer» C. wl3/48ei |
70. |
If d is the distance between the flange angles, |
A. | vertical stiffeners are provided in steel plate girders if the web is less than d/85 |
B. | vertical stiffeners are provided in high tensile steel plate girders if the web is less than d/175 |
C. | horizontal stiffeners are provided in steel plate girders if the web is less than d/200 |
D. | all the above |
Answer» D. all the above |
71. |
Area of openings for buildings of large permeability is more than |
A. | 10% of wall area |
B. | 20% of wall area |
C. | 30% of wall area |
D. | 50% of wall area |
Answer» B. 20% of wall area |
72. |
In case horizontal stiffeners are not used, the distance between vertical legs of flange angles at the top and bottom of a plate girder, is known as |
A. | overall depth |
B. | clear depth |
C. | effective depth |
D. | none of these |
Answer» B. clear depth |
73. |
Pick up the correct statement from the following: |
A. | the steel beams placed in plain cement concrete, are known as reinforced beams |
B. | the filler joists are generally continuous over three-supports only |
C. | continuous fillers are connected to main beams by means of cleat angles |
D. | continuous fillers are supported by main steel beams |
Answer» D. continuous fillers are supported by main steel beams |
74. |
Working shear stress on the gross area of a rivet as recommended by Indian Standards, is |
A. | 785 kg/cm2 |
B. | 1025 kg/cm2 |
C. | 2360 kg/cm2 |
D. | none of these |
Answer» B. 1025 kg/cm2 |
75. |
The least dimensio D |
A. | 0.5 d |
B. | 0.68 d |
C. | 0.88 d |
D. | d |
Answer» C. 0.88 d |
76. |
Length of an outstanding leg of a vertical stiffener, may be taken equal to |
A. | 1/10th of clear depth of the girder plus 15 mm |
B. | 1/20th of clear depth of the girder plus 20 mm |
C. | 1/25th of clear depth of the girder plus 25 mm |
D. | 1/30th of clear depth of the girder plus 50 mm |
Answer» C. 1/25th of clear depth of the girder plus 25 mm |
77. |
If the depth of two column sections is equal, then the column splice is provided |
A. | with filler plates |
B. | with bearing plates |
C. | with filler and hearing plates |
D. | none of these |
Answer» D. none of these |
78. |
On steel structures the dead load is the weight of |
A. | steel work |
B. | material fastened to steel work |
C. | material supported permanently |
D. | all the above |
Answer» D. all the above |
79. |
A steel beam supporting loads from the floor slab as well as from wall is termed as |
A. | stringer beam |
B. | lintel beam |
C. | spandrel beam |
D. | header beam |
Answer» C. spandrel beam |
80. |
The area Ap of cover plates in one flange of a built up beam, is given by |
A. | ap = zreqr + zbeam/h |
B. | ap = zreqr + zbeam/a |
C. | ap = zreqr × zbeam/h |
D. | ap = zreqr - zbeam/h |
Answer» D. ap = zreqr - zbeam/h |
81. |
The economical depth d of a web plate in which allowable bearing stress is fb, and the maximum bending moment is M, as suggested by Rawater and Clark, is |
A. | d = (m/fb) |
B. | d = 1.5 (m/fb) |
C. | d = 2.5 (m/fb) |
D. | d = 4.5 (m/fb) |
Answer» D. d = 4.5 (m/fb) |
82. |
Bending compressive and tensile stresses respectively are calculated based on |
A. | net area and gross area |
B. | gross area and net area |
C. | net area in both cases |
D. | gross area in both cases |
Answer» B. gross area and net area |
83. |
The thickness t of a single flat lacing should not be less than |
A. | 1/30th length between inner end rivets |
B. | 1/40th length between inner end rivets |
C. | 1/50th length between inner end rivets |
D. | 1/60th length between inner end rivets |
Answer» B. 1/40th length between inner end rivets |
84. |
Tongue plates are provided in a steel girder at |
A. | the upper flange |
B. | the lower flange |
C. | the upper end of the web |
D. | the upper and lower ends of the web |
Answer» D. the upper and lower ends of the web |
85. |
The slenderness ratio of a column supported throughout its length by a masonry wall is |
A. | zero |
B. | 10 |
C. | 100 |
D. | infinity |
Answer» A. zero |
86. |
The main assumption of the method of simple design of steel frame work, is: |
A. | beams are simply supported |
B. | all connections of beams, girders and trusses are virtually flexible |
C. | members in compression are subjected to forces applied at appropriate eccentricities |
D. | all the above |
Answer» D. all the above |
87. |
Outstanding length of a compression member consisting of a channel, is measured as |
A. | half of the nominal width |
B. | nominal width of the section |
C. | from the edge to the first row of rivets |
D. | none of these |
Answer» B. nominal width of the section |
88. |
The use of tie plates in laced columns is |
A. | prohibited |
B. | not prohibited |
C. | permitted at start and end of lacing system only |
D. | permitted between two parts of the lacing |
Answer» C. permitted at start and end of lacing system only |
89. |
According to IS : 800-1962 the permissible bending stress in steel slab plates, is |
A. | 1500 kg/cm2 |
B. | 1420 kg/cm2 |
C. | 2125 kg/cm2 |
D. | 1890 kg/cm2 |
Answer» D. 1890 kg/cm2 |
90. |
The side thrust T on the tie rods provided at the end beam of jack arch of rise R, is calculated from the formula |
A. | t = wl/4r |
B. | t = wr/8l |
C. | t = wl/8r |
D. | t = wl/2r |
Answer» C. t = wl/8r |
91. |
The minimum pitch of rivet holes of diameter d should not be less than |
A. | d |
B. | 1.25 d |
C. | 1.5 d |
D. | 2.5 d |
Answer» D. 2.5 d |
92. |
Design of a riveted joint, is based on the assumption: |
A. | load is uniformly distributed among all the rivets |
B. | shear stress on a rivet is uniformly distributed over its gross area |
C. | bearing stress in the rivet is neglected |
D. | all the above |
Answer» D. all the above |
93. |
If is the maximum allowable bending stress in a tension member whose radius of gyration is and depth is 2y, the required cross sectional area is given by |
A. | a = my/fr² |
B. | a = my²/fr² |
C. | a = my/fr |
D. | a = my/f²r² |
Answer» A. a = my/fr² |
94. |
The load on a lintel is assumed as uniformly distributed if the height of the masonry above it, is upto a height of |
A. | the effective span |
B. | 1.25 times the effective span |
C. | 1.50 times the effective span |
D. | 2.0 times the effective span |
Answer» B. 1.25 times the effective span |
95. |
Diameter of a rivet hole is made larger than the diameter of the rivet by |
A. | 1.0 mm for rivet diameter upto 12 mm |
B. | 1.5 mm for rivet diameter exceeding 25 mm |
C. | 2.0 mm for rivet diameter over 25 mm |
D. | none of these |
Answer» C. 2.0 mm for rivet diameter over 25 mm |
96. |
According to IS: 800-1962, the coefficient of expansion of steel per degree centigrade per unit length, is taken as |
A. | 0.000008 |
B. | 0.000010 |
C. | 0.000012 |
D. | 0.000014 |
Answer» C. 0.000012 |
97. |
In case of timber structures, the simple bending formula M = fz may be applied for |
A. | rectangular beams up to 300 mm depth |
B. | all rectangular beams |
C. | solid circular beams only |
D. | all square cross-section beams |
Answer» A. rectangular beams up to 300 mm depth |
98. |
Perforated cover plates are particularly suitable for built up sections consisting of |
A. | channels placed back to back |
B. | channels placed toe to toe |
C. | four angle box section |
D. | all the above |
Answer» C. four angle box section |
99. |
Effective length of a column effectively held in position and restrained in direction at both ends, is |
A. | l |
B. | 0.67 l |
C. | 0.85 l |
D. | 1.5 l |
Answer» B. 0.67 l |
100. |
For rivets in tension with countersunk heads, the tensile value shall be |
A. | reduced by 25 % |
B. | reduced by 33.3% |
C. | increased by 25 % |
D. | increased by 33.3 % |
Answer» B. reduced by 33.3% |
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