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1. |
In the history of the development of sociology, ------- is known as a period of remarkable intellectual development and change in philosophical thought. |
A. | Industrial revolution |
B. | Period of enlightenment |
C. | Urbanization |
D. | Religious change |
Answer» B. Period of enlightenment |
2. |
The theorists who were most directly and positively influenced by the enlightenment thinking were |
A. | Auguste Comte and Durkheim |
B. | Saint Simon and Durkheim |
C. | Karl Marx and Karl Manheim |
D. | Alexis de Tocqueville and Karl Marx |
Answer» D. Alexis de Tocqueville and Karl Marx |
3. |
The most extreme form of opposition to Enlightenment ideas was ------ |
A. | French Catholic counterrevolutionary philosophy |
B. | Suffrage Movement |
C. | Orthodox Believers’ Movement |
D. | Western European Union Philosophy |
Answer» A. French Catholic counterrevolutionary philosophy |
4. |
One of the prominent leaders of the French Catholic counterrevolutionary philosophy was |
A. | Louis de Bonald |
B. | Lewis Coser |
C. | William Hopkins |
D. | Karl Marx |
Answer» A. Louis de Bonald |
5. |
------------ was greatly influenced by Montesquieu’s ‘The Spirit of the Laws’ |
A. | Machiavelli |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Donald Stevenson |
D. | Alexis de Tocqueville |
Answer» D. Alexis de Tocqueville |
6. |
Who coined the term Sociology |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Saint – Simon |
C. | Auguste Comte |
D. | Karl Marx |
Answer» C. Auguste Comte |
7. |
The scientific view developed by Auguste Comte is known as |
A. | Philosophical science |
B. | Positive philosophy |
C. | Negative philosophy |
D. | Scientific philosophy |
Answer» B. Positive philosophy |
8. |
Auguste Comte initially called Sociology ---------- |
A. | Social dynamics |
B. | Social system |
C. | Social physics |
D. | Social science |
Answer» C. Social physics |
9. |
‘The Law of Three Stages’ is an idea developed by |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Karl Marx |
D. | George Simmel |
Answer» B. Auguste Comte |
10. |
Comte developed the Law of Three Stages in his work ---- |
A. | Treatise on Sociology |
B. | Religion of Humanity |
C. | The Origin of Sociology |
D. | The Course in Positive Philosophy |
Answer» D. The Course in Positive Philosophy |
11. |
Comte used the term Social Statics to indicate |
A. | Existing social structures |
B. | Positive effects |
C. | Social dynamics |
D. | Social evolution |
Answer» A. Existing social structures |
12. |
The second stage in ‘the Law of Three stages’ is |
A. | Theological stage |
B. | Meta-physical stage |
C. | Evolutionary stage |
D. | Positive stage |
Answer» B. Meta-physical stage |
13. |
The third stage in the Law of Three Stages is known as |
A. | Positive stage |
B. | Theological stage |
C. | Evolutionary stage |
D. | Metaphysical stage |
Answer» A. Positive stage |
14. |
Comte’s theory of social dynamics is founded on ….. |
A. | Social statics |
B. | Hierarchy of Sciences |
C. | The Law of three stages |
D. | Social physics |
Answer» C. The Law of three stages |
15. |
The idea of Social dynamics propounded by Comte refers to |
A. | Sociology |
B. | Social structures |
C. | Social change |
D. | Social thought |
Answer» C. Social change |
16. |
The sociological perspective developed by Auguste Comte is known as |
A. | Constructionism |
B. | Interpretivism |
C. | Positivism |
D. | Phenomenology |
Answer» C. Positivism |
17. |
Auguste Comte's law of three stages about the development of society include |
A. | Feudal, Industrial and mechanical |
B. | Positive, negative and neutral |
C. | Theological, metaphysical and positive |
D. | Inequality, conflict and equality |
Answer» C. Theological, metaphysical and positive |
18. |
Comte believed that ------------- could be applied to the study of society and human behaviour |
A. | Comparative method |
B. | Phenomenology |
C. | Longitudinal study |
D. | Scientific method |
Answer» D. Scientific method |
19. |
In which year Auguste Comte was born |
A. | 1789 |
B. | 1798 |
C. | 1759 |
D. | 1799 |
Answer» B. 1798 |
20. |
Which is not part of the Law of Three Stages according to Auguste Comte? |
A. | The Theological stage |
B. | The Metaphysical stage |
C. | The Metamorphic stage |
D. | The Positive Stage |
Answer» C. The Metamorphic stage |
21. |
‘Principles of Sociology’ is a work done by |
A. | Auguste Comte |
B. | Herbert Spencer |
C. | Emile Durkheim |
D. | Max Webber |
Answer» B. Herbert Spencer |
22. |
Who among the following is known as ‘Social Darwinist’ |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» A. Herbert Spencer |
23. |
What were the intellectual forces operative during the nineteenth century? |
A. | Rationalism |
B. | Humanitarianism |
C. | Empiricism |
D. | All of them. |
Answer» D. All of them. |
24. |
Who is known as the founding father of Sociology? |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» B. Auguste Comte |
25. |
Who coined the term “Sociology”? |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» B. Auguste Comte |
26. |
Comte, through his ‘Law of Three Stages’ clearly established a close association between |
A. | Intellectual evolution and Social progress |
B. | Social change and Social dynamics |
C. | Social structures and social statics |
D. | Social laws and social change |
Answer» A. Intellectual evolution and Social progress |
27. |
For the contemporary sociologists, social statics and social dynamics refers to |
A. | The study of sociology |
B. | Social structure and function |
C. | Social structure and social status |
D. | Social interdependence |
Answer» B. Social structure and function |
28. |
‘Positive Philosophy’ is the work done by |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» B. Auguste Comte |
29. |
‘Positive Polity” is written by |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» B. Auguste Comte |
30. |
Comte divided the study of Sociology into two broad areas namely |
A. | Social statics and social dynamics |
B. | Science and scientific methods |
C. | Social approach and methods |
D. | Sociological study and interpretation |
Answer» A. Social statics and social dynamics |
31. |
The term ‘Organic analogy’ is associated with |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» A. Herbert Spencer |
32. |
Who among the following stressed upon the interdependence of different parts of society |
A. | Auguste Comte |
B. | Gerorge Simmel |
C. | Emile Durkheim |
D. | Herbert Spencer |
Answer» D. Herbert Spencer |
33. |
The concept of ‘Social evolution’ was developed by |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» A. Herbert Spencer |
34. |
Who coined the phrase ‘survival of the fittest’ in the course of social evolution? |
A. | Auguste Comte |
B. | Herbert Spencer |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» B. Herbert Spencer |
35. |
‘Social statics’ is written by |
A. | Gerorge Simmel |
B. | Emile Durkheim |
C. | Herbert Spencer |
D. | Auguste Comte |
Answer» C. Herbert Spencer |
36. |
‘First Principle’ is the work by |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» A. Herbert Spencer |
37. |
‘The Man Versus The State’ is written by |
A. | Auguste Comte |
B. | Herbert Spencer |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» B. Herbert Spencer |
38. |
Who among the following viewed society as an organism with interrelated parts |
A. | Auguste Comte |
B. | Herbert Spencer |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» B. Herbert Spencer |
39. |
Spencer through hisLaissez-faire doctrine advocates that |
A. | The state should not intervene in individual affairs except in the rather passive function of protecting people |
B. | The state should not let individuals to live free in a society |
C. | The state shall hold the supreme authority over the matters related to the life of the individuals |
D. | The state should not be responsible for the crimes committed by the individuals |
Answer» A. The state should not intervene in individual affairs except in the rather passive function of protecting people |
40. |
‘Principles of Ethics is written by |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» A. Herbert Spencer |
41. |
In which year Herbert Spencer was born |
A. | 1920 |
B. | 1821 |
C. | 1820 |
D. | 1870 |
Answer» C. 1820 |
42. |
Spencer’s famous work ‘Principles of Sociology’ was published in the year |
A. | 1880 |
B. | 1870 |
C. | 1845 |
D. | 1854 |
Answer» A. 1880 |
43. |
Who argued that the society and living organisms have similarities in structure and function? |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» A. Herbert Spencer |
44. |
Emile Durkheim's endeavor to establish sociology as a separate academic discipline centred on his efforts to: |
A. | Develop an all-encompassing synthesis of major sociological perspectives. |
B. | Demonstrate the influence of social forces on people's behavior. |
C. | Show how an understanding of sociological principles could be used to solve social problems. |
D. | Chart the evolution of major social institutions. |
Answer» B. Demonstrate the influence of social forces on people's behavior. |
45. |
Durkheim's research suggested that |
A. | Catholics had much higher suicide rates than Protestants. |
B. | There seemed to higher rates of suicide in times of peace than in times of war and revolution. |
C. | Civilians were more likely to take their lives than soldiers. |
D. | Suicide is a solitary act, unrelated to group life. |
Answer» B. There seemed to higher rates of suicide in times of peace than in times of war and revolution. |
46. |
Anomie refers to |
A. | A construct, or a made-up model that serves as a measuring rod against which actual cases can be evaluated. |
B. | The study of small groups. |
C. | A condition of instability resulting from a breakdown of standards and values or from a lack of purpose or ideals |
D. | A set of statements that seeks to explain problems, actions, or behaviour |
Answer» C. A condition of instability resulting from a breakdown of standards and values or from a lack of purpose or ideals |
47. |
Durkheim introduced the concept of ‘anomie’ was in his study of |
A. | Suicide |
B. | Social control |
C. | Social progress |
D. | Modernization |
Answer» A. Suicide |
48. |
The Rules of Sociological Method is a famous work of |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» D. Emile Durkheim |
49. |
According to Durkheim, anomie is caused by |
A. | Division of labour and rapid social change from traditional to modern society |
B. | Too much pressure from the state |
C. | When poverty is eradicated from a society |
D. | High educational attainment of a group in a society |
Answer» A. Division of labour and rapid social change from traditional to modern society |
50. |
Who introduced the term ‘anomie’ in the study of society |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» D. Emile Durkheim |
51. |
Durkheim argued that the task of sociology should be the study of ---- |
A. | Social progress |
B. | Social facts |
C. | Anomie |
D. | Consciousness |
Answer» B. Social facts |
52. |
‘Suicide’ was published in the year |
A. | 1897 |
B. | 1987 |
C. | 1798 |
D. | 1879 |
Answer» A. 1897 |
53. |
‘Suicide’ is authored by |
A. | Herbert Spencer |
B. | Auguste Comte |
C. | Gerorge Simmel |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» D. Emile Durkheim |
54. |
The Division of Labour in Society is a great work by |
A. | Emile Durkheim |
B. | Herbert Spencer |
C. | Auguste Comte |
D. | Gerorge Simmel |
Answer» A. Emile Durkheim |
55. |
The Elementary Forms of Religious Life is written by |
A. | Karl Marx |
B. | Emile Durkheim |
C. | Auguste Comte |
D. | Gerorge Simmel |
Answer» B. Emile Durkheim |
56. |
In his work ‘The Elementary Forms of Religious Life’, Durkheim attributes the development of religion |
A. | To the development of anomie |
B. | To the emotional security attained through communal living |
C. | To the higher rates of suicide |
D. | To opium |
Answer» B. To the emotional security attained through communal living |
57. |
The Rules of Sociological Method was published in the year |
A. | 1895 |
B. | 1795 |
C. | 1869 |
D. | 1879 |
Answer» A. 1895 |
58. |
Durkheim was born in the year |
A. | 1868 |
B. | 1857 |
C. | 1856 |
D. | 1858 |
Answer» D. 1858 |
59. |
Emile Durkheim died in the year |
A. | 1916 |
B. | 1918 |
C. | 1917 |
D. | 1919 |
Answer» C. 1917 |
60. |
According to Durkheim the central characteristic of religion was |
A. | Sacred-profane dichotomy |
B. | Life after death |
C. | Highly superstitious |
D. | Elimination of all forms of discrimination |
Answer» A. Sacred-profane dichotomy |
61. |
The term used by Durkheim to indicate the communal beliefs, morals and attitudes of a society |
A. | Collective morals |
B. | Collective consciousness |
C. | Collective behaviour |
D. | Collective conscience |
Answer» D. Collective conscience |
62. |
Who said that society is a ‘reality sui generis?’ |
A. | Auguste Comte |
B. | Herbert Spencer |
C. | Emile Durkheim |
D. | Max Webber |
Answer» C. Emile Durkheim |
63. |
The Course of Positive Philosophy published in |
A. | Five Volumes |
B. | Six volumes |
C. | Four volumes |
D. | Three volumes |
Answer» B. Six volumes |
64. |
According to Durkheim, social solidarity depends on the extent of |
A. | Discrimination |
B. | Alienation |
C. | Division of labour |
D. | Gender inequality |
Answer» C. Division of labour |
65. |
According to Durkheim primitive societies are characterised by |
A. | Mechanical solidarity |
B. | Organic solidarity |
C. | Nominal solidarity |
D. | Attitudinal solidarity |
Answer» A. Mechanical solidarity |
66. |
Durkheim denoted the establishment of specified jobs for specific people as |
A. | The division of gender |
B. | The division of labour |
C. | The division of rules |
D. | The division of solidarity |
Answer» B. The division of labour |
67. |
The binding force between individual and society in primitive societies is regarded as |
A. | Conscience collective |
B. | Totemism |
C. | Social facts |
D. | Suicide |
Answer» A. Conscience collective |
68. |
According to Durkheim, modern societies are characterised by |
A. | Mechanical solidarity |
B. | Organic solidarity |
C. | Nominal solidarity |
D. | Attitudinal solidarity |
Answer» B. Organic solidarity |
69. |
The term conscience collective was used by Durkheim to indicate |
A. | Shared taboos |
B. | Fashion sense among the members |
C. | Shared belief system |
D. | Kinship system |
Answer» C. Shared belief system |
70. |
The type of social solidarity found among agrarian societies is |
A. | Mechanical solidarity |
B. | Organic solidarity |
C. | Nominal solidarity |
D. | Attitudinal solidarity |
Answer» A. Mechanical solidarity |
71. |
According to Durkheim, Australian totemismthe most primitive and simplest form of --- known to us |
A. | Mechanical solidarity |
B. | Religion |
C. | Polity |
D. | Economy |
Answer» B. Religion |
72. |
Durkheim holds the view that the preindustrial societies were held together by |
A. | Mechanical solidarity |
B. | Organic solidarity |
C. | Nominal solidarity |
D. | Attitudinal solidarity |
Answer» A. Mechanical solidarity |
73. |
Societies, where individuals were held together by the mechanical solidarity are characterised by |
A. | High differentiation between individual and collective conscience |
B. | No distinction between individual and collective conscience |
C. | No conscience at all |
D. | Specialised division of labour and job opportunities |
Answer» B. No distinction between individual and collective conscience |
74. |
According to Durkheim, the industrial societies are characterised by |
A. | Mechanical solidarity |
B. | Nominal solidarity |
C. | Attitudinal solidarity |
D. | Organic solidarity |
Answer» D. Organic solidarity |
75. |
Durkheimian approach to sociology is called |
A. | Structuralism |
B. | Socialism |
C. | Functionalism |
D. | Interactionism |
Answer» C. Functionalism |
76. |
Durkheim held that in industrial societies, ------- is based around an acceptance of economic and social differences |
A. | Social order |
B. | Social differentiation |
C. | Social acceptability |
D. | Social thinking |
Answer» A. Social order |
77. |
According to Durkheim the term anomie refers to a state of |
A. | Comfortability with high integration |
B. | High integration and social cohesion |
C. | Chaos and normlessness |
D. | High division of labour |
Answer» C. Chaos and normlessness |
78. |
According to Durkheim, the collective ways of thinking, feeling and acting is known as |
A. | Social integration |
B. | Social solidarity |
C. | Social norms |
D. | Social facts |
Answer» D. Social facts |
79. |
Durkheim divided suicide into --- types |
A. | Three |
B. | Four |
C. | Five |
D. | Two |
Answer» B. Four |
80. |
Who is regarded as the founding father of functionalist analysis within sociology? |
A. | Karl Marx |
B. | August Comte |
C. | Durkheim |
D. | Max Weber |
Answer» C. Durkheim |
81. |
According to Durkheim, anomic suicide occurs when |
A. | A person is too much integrated with the society |
B. | A person feels disconnected from the society due to lack of social integration |
C. | A person feels totally detached from the society |
D. | A person feels extreme social regulation resulting in oppressive conditions |
Answer» B. A person feels disconnected from the society due to lack of social integration |
82. |
Weber’s analysis of modern society centred on the concept of.. |
A. | Rationalization |
B. | Modernization |
C. | Bureaucracy |
D. | Power |
Answer» A. Rationalization |
83. |
Who developed the concept of ideal type? |
A. | Karl Marx |
B. | Max Weber |
C. | Talcott Parsons |
D. | Auguste Comte |
Answer» B. Max Weber |
84. |
Max weber was born in the year |
A. | 1764 |
B. | 1864 |
C. | 1865 |
D. | 1765 |
Answer» B. 1864 |
85. |
Which of the following is known to be the famous work of Max Weber |
A. | The German Ideology |
B. | The Sociology of Diaspora |
C. | The Protestant Ethic and Spirit of Capitalism |
D. | Suicide |
Answer» C. The Protestant Ethic and Spirit of Capitalism |
86. |
The concept of Bureaucracy was given by |
A. | Max Weber |
B. | Emile Durkheim |
C. | Herbert Spencer |
D. | Auguste Comte |
Answer» A. Max Weber |
87. |
To Max Weber, ideal types are |
A. | Social realities |
B. | Sociological phenomena |
C. | Material tools |
D. | Mental constructs |
Answer» D. Mental constructs |
88. |
How many types of social action are distinguished in Max Weber’s sociology? |
A. | Six types |
B. | Four types |
C. | Three types |
D. | Five types |
Answer» B. Four types |
89. |
Zweckrational actions are otherwise known as |
A. | Affective Action |
B. | Value oriented action |
C. | Goal oriented action |
D. | Traditional action |
Answer» C. Goal oriented action |
90. |
A value oriented rational action is otherwise called |
A. | Wert-rational action |
B. | Zweckrational action |
C. | Traditional action |
D. | Affective action |
Answer» A. Wert-rational action |
91. |
A rational-purposeful action is based on |
A. | Value rationality |
B. | Traditional rationality |
C. | Means-end rationality |
D. | Affectionate rationality |
Answer» C. Means-end rationality |
92. |
The type of action guided by customs and longstanding beliefs is |
A. | Wert-rational action |
B. | Zweck-rational action |
C. | Traditional action |
D. | Affective action |
Answer» C. Traditional action |
93. |
How many types of authorities have been identified by Max Weber based on its claim to legitimacy? |
A. | Two |
B. | Three |
C. | Four |
D. | Five |
Answer» B. Three |
94. |
When a person enjoys authority by virtue of his inherited status, then that type of authority is known as |
A. | Traditional authority |
B. | Charismatic authority |
C. | Legal-rational authority |
D. | Democratic authority |
Answer» A. Traditional authority |
95. |
Charismatic authority is characterised by |
A. | The supernatural powers possessed by a person |
B. | The exceptional personal qualities of a leader |
C. | The inherited status |
D. | The status occupied by voting |
Answer» B. The exceptional personal qualities of a leader |
96. |
According to Max Weber, the basis for the functioning of the legal-rational authority is? |
A. | Non-hierarchy |
B. | Dysfunctional system |
C. | Unwritten laws |
D. | Rules |
Answer» D. Rules |
97. |
A systematic interpretive process of understanding the meaning of action from the actor’s point of view refers to |
A. | Verstehen |
B. | Functionalism |
C. | Structuralism |
D. | Conflict approach |
Answer» A. Verstehen |
98. |
‘The Protestant Ethic and the spirit of capitalism’ was written by |
A. | Auguste Comte |
B. | Herbert Spencer |
C. | Emile Durkheim |
D. | Max Webber |
Answer» D. Max Webber |
99. |
Who said that ‘Sociology is a science? |
A. | Karl Marx |
B. | Georg Simmel |
C. | Max Weber |
D. | Emile Durkheim |
Answer» C. Max Weber |
100. |
Karl Marx was born in the year |
A. | 1818 |
B. | 1819 |
C. | 1918 |
D. | 1817 |
Answer» A. 1818 |
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