McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Bachelor of Arts in Sociology (BA Sociology) , Bachelor of Arts in Psychology (B.A. Psychology) .
| 1. |
A change in behavior or belief as a result of real or imagined group pressure is |
| A. | compliance. |
| B. | conformity. |
| C. | acceptance. |
| D. | reactance. |
| Answer» B. conformity. | |
| 2. |
Conformity that involves publicly acting in accord with social pressure while privately disagreeing is |
| A. | compliance. |
| B. | acceptance. |
| C. | obedience. |
| D. | reactance. |
| Answer» A. compliance. | |
| 3. |
Conformity that involves both acting and believing in accord with social pressure is |
| A. | compliance. |
| B. | cohesiveness. |
| C. | obedience. |
| D. | acceptance. |
| Answer» D. acceptance. | |
| 4. |
Sherif's study using autokinetic phenomenon suggest |
| A. | compliance. |
| B. | acceptance. |
| C. | obedience. |
| D. | reactance. |
| Answer» B. acceptance. | |
| 5. |
An accomplice of the experimenter is |
| A. | confederate. |
| B. | partner. |
| C. | colleague. |
| D. | associate. |
| Answer» A. confederate. | |
| 6. |
In Asch's study of conformity involving the length of lines, naïve participants conformed ___ of the time |
| A. | 20 percent |
| B. | 47 percent |
| C. | 37 percent |
| D. | 61 percent |
| Answer» C. 37 percent | |
| 7. |
According to the text, the most famous and controversial experiments of social psychology are |
| A. | Asch's conformity experiments. |
| B. | Milgram's obedience experiments. |
| C. | Smith and Dunn's reactance experiments. |
| D. | Berg's compliance experiments. |
| Answer» B. Milgram's obedience experiments. | |
| 8. |
When Milgram moved his experiment from Yale to Bridgeport, the number of people who complied |
| A. | decreased from 63 percent to 25 percent. |
| B. | decreased from 63 percent to 13 percent. |
| C. | decreased from 63 percent to 48 percent. |
| D. | remained about the same. |
| Answer» C. decreased from 63 percent to 48 percent. | |
| 9. |
The training of tortures by the military junta in Greece illustrates |
| A. | the compliance effect. |
| B. | cohesiveness effect. |
| C. | the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. |
| D. | reactance phenomenon. |
| Answer» C. the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. | |
| 10. |
In a study at Penn State, what percentage of students said they would ignore sexist statements? |
| A. | 5 percent |
| B. | 12 percent |
| C. | 32 percent |
| D. | 51 percent |
| Answer» A. 5 percent | |
| 11. |
According to the text, people will nearly always voice their convictions if |
| A. | if two other people have done so. |
| B. | if one other person has done so. |
| C. | if more than two people have done so. |
| D. | none of the above. |
| Answer» B. if one other person has done so. | |
| 12. |
The extent to which members of a group are bound together is |
| A. | unity. |
| B. | harmony. |
| C. | cohesiveness. |
| D. | agreement. |
| Answer» C. cohesiveness. | |
| 13. |
Conformity based on a person's desire to fulfill others' expectations is |
| A. | nominal influence. |
| B. | informational influence. |
| C. | normative influence. |
| D. | indirect influence. |
| Answer» C. normative influence. | |
| 14. |
Conformity that results from accepting evidence about reality provided by others is |
| A. | informational influence. |
| B. | nominal influence. |
| C. | direct influence. |
| D. | normative influence. |
| Answer» A. informational influence. | |
| 15. |
A motive to protect or restore one's sense of freedom is |
| A. | dissonance. |
| B. | pride. |
| C. | self-worth. |
| D. | reactance. |
| Answer» D. reactance. | |
| 16. |
Milly comes from a Black family, has two brothers, and was born in New York. One parent is a teacher and the other is a postman. If you asked Milly to tell us about herself, she would most likely say she |
| A. | has two brothers. |
| B. | comes from a Black family. |
| C. | born in New York. |
| D. | one parent is a teacher. |
| Answer» B. comes from a Black family. | |
| 17. |
Which country had the highest conformity percentage when Asch's conformity experiment was conducted overseas? |
| A. | Lebanon |
| B. | Hong Kong |
| C. | the Bantu of Zimbabwe |
| D. | Brazil |
| Answer» C. the Bantu of Zimbabwe | |
| 18. |
Increasing the size of a group from 2 to _____is likely to produce the greatest increase in conformity. |
| A. | 5 |
| B. | 10 |
| C. | 25 |
| D. | 100 |
| Answer» A. 5 | |
| 19. |
Social psychology is |
| A. | the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
| B. | the scientific study of how people act. |
| C. | the scientific study of how people love and hate. |
| D. | the scientific study of how people understand and conflict with one another. |
| Answer» A. the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another. | |
| 20. |
Social psychology _______________________ than personality psychology. |
| A. | has more famous theorists |
| B. | focuses on the differences between individuals more |
| C. | has a shorter history |
| D. | focuses on the private internal functioning between individuals more |
| Answer» C. has a shorter history | |
| 21. |
The text states that social psychology |
| A. | is the most important perspective in viewing and understanding ourselves. |
| B. | is one important perspective from which we can view and understand ourselves. |
| C. | is the real explanation that lets us understand and view ourselves. |
| D. | is an inclusive perspective from which we can view and understand ourselves. |
| Answer» B. is one important perspective from which we can view and understand ourselves. | |
| 22. |
The text states that values |
| A. | enter the picture with our choice of research topics. |
| B. | are unimportant in the study of social psychology. |
| C. | do not influence the type of people attracted to various academic disciplines. |
| D. | tell us which ones are right. |
| Answer» A. enter the picture with our choice of research topics. | |
| 23. |
Social representations are |
| A. | the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a group of people. |
| B. | objective situations. |
| C. | object representations of real world actions. |
| D. | our most important and most unexamined convictions. |
| Answer» D. our most important and most unexamined convictions. | |
| 24. |
Naturalist fallacy is |
| A. | the error of defining what is good in terms of what is observable. |
| B. | a flawed scientific description. |
| C. | that all psychology can be defined through nature. |
| D. | the error of defining what is normal is observable. |
| Answer» A. the error of defining what is good in terms of what is observable. | |
| 25. |
Hindsight bias |
| A. | is conducive to an underestimation of our own intellectual powers. |
| B. | shows that common sense is nearly always scientifically wrong. |
| C. | is the tendency to exaggerate after learning an outcome. |
| D. | is the tendency to see the objective situation incorrectly. |
| Answer» C. is the tendency to exaggerate after learning an outcome. | |
| 26. |
A testable proposition that describes a relationship that may exist between events is |
| A. | hypothesis. |
| B. | theory. |
| C. | research topic. |
| D. | direction to research. |
| Answer» A. hypothesis. | |
| 27. |
The study of the naturally occurring relationships among variables is |
| A. | experimental research. |
| B. | correlational research. |
| C. | field research. |
| D. | interpretative research. |
| Answer» B. correlational research. | |
| 28. |
The procedure in which every person in the population being studied has an equal chance of inclusion is |
| A. | survey research. |
| B. | equal sample. |
| C. | controlled sample. |
| D. | random sample. |
| Answer» D. random sample. | |
| 29. |
The experimental factor that a researcher manipulates is a(n) |
| A. | dependent variable. |
| B. | hypothesis. |
| C. | control. |
| D. | independent variable. |
| Answer» D. independent variable. | |
| 30. |
The process of assigning participants to the conditions of an experiment such that all persons have the same chance of being in a(n) |
| A. | ethics of experimentation. |
| B. | random assignment. |
| C. | mundane realism. |
| D. | informed consent. |
| Answer» B. random assignment. | |
| 31. |
Mundane realism is |
| A. | performing the experiment in the real world. |
| B. | when the experiment is boring and repetitive. |
| C. | the degree to which an experiment is similar to everyday conditions. |
| D. | the experimenter's biases in the experiment. |
| Answer» C. the degree to which an experiment is similar to everyday conditions. | |
| 32. |
An experiment would have experimental realism if it |
| A. | absorbs and involves its participants. |
| B. | is carried out in the field. |
| C. | was similar to everyday situations. |
| D. | none |
| Answer» A. absorbs and involves its participants. | |
| 33. |
Experimenters standardize their instructions to subjects in order to |
| A. | minimize demand characteristics. |
| B. | insure accuracy in the results. |
| C. | appear neutral to the group. |
| D. | compare different groups. |
| Answer» A. minimize demand characteristics. | |
| 34. |
Which is false according to the text. The American and British Psychological Associations |
| A. | protect people from harm and significant discomfort. |
| B. | tell potential participants enough about the experiment to enable their informed consent. |
| C. | fully explain the experiment before preceding. |
| D. | treat information about the individual participants confidentially. |
| Answer» C. fully explain the experiment before preceding. | |
| 35. |
Informed consent is |
| A. | American Psychological Association guideline. |
| B. | an ethical principle. |
| C. | law in the United States and Britain. |
| D. | a legal term used in experimental research. |
| Answer» B. an ethical principle. | |
| 36. |
An experimenter manipulates what variable? |
| A. | control |
| B. | independent |
| C. | dependent |
| D. | experimental |
| Answer» B. independent | |
| 37. |
The three dimensions of attitude are |
| A. | aptitudes, behavior, and cognition. |
| B. | affect, behavior, and cognition. |
| C. | attraction, behavior, and compliance. |
| D. | aptitudes, behavior, and cognition. |
| Answer» B. affect, behavior, and cognition. | |
| 38. |
The procedure that fools people into disclosing their attitudes is |
| A. | bogus pipeline. |
| B. | denial paradox. |
| C. | low-ball technique. |
| D. | foot-in-the-door phenomenon. |
| Answer» A. bogus pipeline. | |
| 39. |
In response to external circumstances ___________________ people adjust their behavior. |
| A. | intelligent |
| B. | depressed |
| C. | self-conscious |
| D. | unintelligent |
| Answer» C. self-conscious | |
| 40. |
You can measure attitudes by which of the following techniques? |
| A. | bogus pipeline |
| B. | overjustification pipeline |
| C. | self-monitoring pipeline |
| D. | low-ball technique |
| Answer» A. bogus pipeline | |
| 41. |
The text asserts that the tendency for oppressors to disparage their victims is an example of |
| A. | how attitudes shape behavior. |
| B. | how behavior shapes attitudes. |
| C. | bogus pipeline. |
| D. | how role playing comes to shape one's self-identity. |
| Answer» D. how role playing comes to shape one's self-identity. | |
| 42. |
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request is the |
| A. | low-ball phenomenon. |
| B. | role-playing phenomenon. |
| C. | self-presentation phenomenon. |
| D. | foot-in-the-door phenomenon. |
| Answer» D. foot-in-the-door phenomenon. | |
| 43. |
A variation of the foot-in-the-door phenomenon is the |
| A. | bogus technique. |
| B. | low-ball technique. |
| C. | self-monitoring technique. |
| D. | justification technique. |
| Answer» B. low-ball technique. | |
| 44. |
Salespeople try to prevent customers from canceling their purchases by |
| A. | calling everyday until the agreement is final. |
| B. | having the customer fill out the sales agreement. |
| C. | enlisting them as satisfied customers. |
| D. | giving them names and numbers of other satisfied customers. |
| Answer» B. having the customer fill out the sales agreement. | |
| 45. |
The text asserts that changing behavior can alter attitudes. Which of the following is an example? |
| A. | civil rights legislation |
| B. | capital punishment |
| C. | traffic laws |
| D. | prohibition |
| Answer» A. civil rights legislation | |
| 46. |
The term brainwashing describes what happened to American POWs during which war? |
| A. | World War I |
| B. | World War II |
| C. | Korean War |
| D. | Vietnam War |
| Answer» C. Korean War | |
| 47. |
The theory that states for strategic reasons we express attitudes that make us appear consistent is |
| A. | cognitive theory. |
| B. | consistency theory. |
| C. | self-presentation theory. |
| D. | self-perception theory. |
| Answer» C. self-presentation theory. | |
| 48. |
The reduction of dissonance by internally justifying one's behavior when external rewards are lacking is |
| A. | cognitive dissonance effect. |
| B. | insufficient justification effect. |
| C. | psychological reactance effect. |
| D. | self-monitoring effect. |
| Answer» B. insufficient justification effect. | |
| 49. |
Cognitive dissonance theory was authored by |
| A. | Festinger. |
| B. | Ellis. |
| C. | Carlsmith. |
| D. | James. |
| Answer» A. Festinger. | |
| 50. |
According to self-perception theory, behavior shapes attitudes |
| A. | when attitudes are strong and consistent. |
| B. | only in the area of legislation. |
| C. | in self-monitoring people. |
| D. | when attitudes are weak and ambiguous. |
| Answer» D. when attitudes are weak and ambiguous. | |
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