McqMate
These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding in the following areas: Bachelor of Arts in Sociology (BA Sociology) , Sociology (CBCS) .
| 51. |
Emile Durkheim believed that ___________ is not a necessary part of the modern world and that it could be reduced by ____________. |
| A. | inequality; redistribution of wealth |
| B. | deviance; education |
| C. | religion; science |
| D. | social disorder; social reform reformism. |
| Answer» D. social disorder; social reform reformism. | |
| 52. |
G.W.F. Hegel’s philosophy of ___________ emphasized the importance of the mind and mental products rather than the material world. |
| A. | monadism |
| B. | spiritualism |
| C. | idealism |
| D. | utilitarianism |
| Answer» C. idealism | |
| 53. |
_______ is the breakdown of the natural interconnection among people and between people and what they produce. |
| A. | Trepidation |
| B. | Alienation |
| C. | Decomposition |
| D. | Commodification |
| Answer» B. Alienation | |
| 54. |
Weber was interested in the general issue of why institutions in the Western world had grown progressively more ____________ while power barriers seemed to prevent a similar development in the rest of the world. |
| A. | rational |
| B. | irrational |
| C. | corrupt |
| D. | powerful |
| Answer» A. rational | |
| 55. |
Georg Simmel was best known for his thinking on: |
| A. | large-scale social issues like capitalism and exploitation. |
| B. | contemporary social problems like Anti-Semitism and racism. |
| C. | smaller-scale issues like individual action and interaction. |
| D. | interplanetary travel and extraterrestrial societies. |
| Answer» C. smaller-scale issues like individual action and interaction. | |
| 56. |
Which of the following classical thinkers is credited for being the first to use the term “sociology”? |
| A. | Karl Marx |
| B. | Max Weber |
| C. | Emile Durkheim |
| D. | Auguste Comte |
| Answer» D. Auguste Comte | |
| 57. |
Which of the following is NOT one of the strengths of systems theory? |
| A. | its dynamism |
| B. | its focus on processes |
| C. | its multileveled approach |
| D. | its complexity |
| Answer» D. its complexity | |
| 58. |
A general principle of systems theory holds that ________ systems intervene between environments and the action of systems. |
| A. | morphic |
| B. | Delphic |
| C. | mediating |
| D. | purposive |
| Answer» C. mediating | |
| 59. |
The notion of feedback enables theorists to deal with: |
| A. | loud noises. |
| B. | time-space elaboration. |
| C. | friction, growth, and sudden changes in the environment. |
| D. | magnetic hysterisis. |
| Answer» C. friction, growth, and sudden changes in the environment. | |
| 60. |
George Herbert Mead’s work was influenced by which of the following two approaches? |
| A. | positivism and pragmatism |
| B. | behaviorism and pragmatism |
| C. | positivism and behaviorism |
| D. | behaviorism and biology |
| Answer» B. behaviorism and pragmatism | |
| 61. |
Which of the following theorists coined the term symbolic interactionism? |
| A. | Erving Goffman |
| B. | Herbert Blumer |
| C. | Georg Simmel |
| D. | George Herbert Mead |
| Answer» B. Herbert Blumer | |
| 62. |
In his work Mind, Self and Society, Mead gave priority to: |
| A. | the self. |
| B. | the mind. |
| C. | society. |
| D. | institutions. |
| Answer» C. society. | |
| 63. |
Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic stages of what Mead calls “the act”? |
| A. | impulse |
| B. | perception |
| C. | manipulation |
| D. | significant symbols |
| Answer» D. significant symbols | |
| 64. |
It is only through ___________ that language and human thinking are possible. |
| A. | vocal gestures |
| B. | impulses |
| C. | physical gestures |
| D. | significant symbols |
| Answer» D. significant symbols | |
| 65. |
_____________ is the general mechanism for the development of the self. |
| A. | Reflexivity |
| B. | Gesture |
| C. | Impulse |
| D. | Human nature |
| Answer» A. Reflexivity | |
| 66. |
Children learn to take the attitude of particular others to themselves during the ____________ stage. |
| A. | game |
| B. | social |
| C. | primary |
| D. | play |
| Answer» A. game | |
| 67. |
Mead refers to the ability to take the attitude of the entire community into account as: |
| A. | the generalized other. |
| B. | impression management. |
| C. | pragmatism. |
| D. | the looking-glass self. |
| Answer» A. the generalized other. | |
| 68. |
According to Mead, ____________ behavior is the thinking process, involving symbols and meanings. |
| A. | overt |
| B. | covert |
| C. | front stage |
| D. | back stage |
| Answer» B. covert | |
| 69. |
_____________ refers to those things that tell us a performer’s social status, while ____________ tells the audience what sort of role a performer expects to play in a given situation. |
| A. | Manner; appearance |
| B. | Manner; scene |
| C. | Appearance; manner |
| D. | Appearance; scene |
| Answer» C. Appearance; manner | |
| 70. |
The basic unit of analysis in Erving Goffman’s theory is: |
| A. | the team. |
| B. | the individual. |
| C. | society. |
| D. | the gesture. |
| Answer» A. the team. | |
| 71. |
Social actors engage in the process of mystification in order to do all of the following EXCEPT: |
| A. | generate social distance between themselves and their audience. |
| B. | keep their audience from questioning their performance. |
| C. | create a sense of awe in their audience. |
| D. | become emotionally connected to their audience. |
| Answer» D. become emotionally connected to their audience. | |
| 72. |
Which of the following statements correctly characterizes Goffman’s work later in his career? |
| A. | Goffman became more cynical of social life. |
| B. | Goffman focused more on small-scale structures. |
| C. | Goffman defined action more as an active and creative process. |
| D. | Goffman became convinced that dramaturgy was the best way to understand social life. |
| Answer» B. Goffman focused more on small-scale structures. | |
| 73. |
Which of the following does NOT characterize Herbert Blumer’s theory of symbolic interactionism? |
| A. | The essence of society is found in actors and action. |
| B. | Society is made up of macro structures. |
| C. | Large-scale structures emerge from micro processes. |
| D. | Collective action gives rise to joint action. |
| Answer» B. Society is made up of macro structures. | |
| 74. |
Which of the following is NOT a criticism of symbolic interactionism? |
| A. | It has too readily given up on conventional scientific techniques. |
| B. | It has downplayed large-scale social structures. |
| C. | It has not been sufficiently microscopic. |
| D. | It has concentrated too much on psychological factors. |
| Answer» D. It has concentrated too much on psychological factors. | |
| 75. |
Cultural studies’ scholars argue that symbolic interactionism should focus more attention on: |
| A. | communication technologies. |
| B. | children. |
| C. | consumption. |
| D. | the Other. |
| Answer» A. communication technologies. | |
| 76. |
According to ethnomethodologists, social actors use ____________ to accomplish their everyday lives. |
| A. | formal logic |
| B. | practical reasoning |
| C. | empirical research |
| D. | conscious processes |
| Answer» B. practical reasoning | |
| 77. |
___________________ was the founder of ethnomethodology. |
| A. | Erving Goffman |
| B. | Max Weber |
| C. | Herbert Blumer |
| D. | Harold Garfinkel |
| Answer» D. Harold Garfinkel | |
| 78. |
Which of the following is the term that ethnomethodologists use to describe the ways in which social actors explain specific situations? |
| A. | accounts |
| B. | hermenuetics |
| C. | emotions |
| D. | rituals |
| Answer» A. accounts | |
| 79. |
Which of the following is NOT a working principle of conversation analysis? |
| A. | Nonverbal behaviors are inconsequential to accomplishing a conversation. |
| B. | The fundamental framework of a conversation is its sequential organization. |
| C. | The collection and analysis of detailed data is critical to studying a conversation fully. |
| D. | Conversations are managed on a turn-by-turn basis. |
| Answer» A. Nonverbal behaviors are inconsequential to accomplishing a conversation. | |
| 80. |
With which of the following statements would an ethnomethodologist agree? |
| A. | Gender is something that social actors are born with. |
| B. | Gender is something that social actors accomplish. |
| C. | Gender is not a significant variable to study, because it never changes. |
| D. | Gender can be studied only through analyses of verbal conversations. |
| Answer» B. Gender is something that social actors accomplish. | |
| 81. |
Which of the following do conversation analysts consider most important to study? |
| A. | the relationship between speakers and hearers engaged in a conversation |
| B. | the social context of a conversation |
| C. | the relationships among utterances in a conversation |
| D. | the motives of speakers and hearers engaged in a conversation |
| Answer» C. the relationships among utterances in a conversation | |
| 82. |
How is laughter typically initiated in multiparty interactions? |
| A. | by the speaker at the end of her utterance |
| B. | by the speaker in the middle of one of her sentences |
| C. | by the speaker in the beginning of her utterance |
| D. | by someone other than the speaker |
| Answer» D. by someone other than the speaker | |
| 83. |
During a political speech, a politician argues that “too much time is devoted to international policy...too little is spent on domestic policy.” This is an example of which of the following types of rhetorical devices used to generate applause? |
| A. | contrast |
| B. | list |
| C. | headline-punch line |
| D. | puzzle solution |
| Answer» A. contrast | |
| 84. |
Which of the following is the most common type of rhetorical device used to generate applause? |
| A. | pursuit |
| B. | position taking |
| C. | contrast |
| D. | list |
| Answer» C. contrast | |
| 85. |
According to conversation analysts, which of the following is typically true of disagreements? |
| A. | They require no special explanation. |
| B. | They are delayed responses. |
| C. | They are produced in an unqualified manner. |
| D. | They are followed by an apology. |
| Answer» B. They are delayed responses. | |
| 86. |
____________ are defined as part of a conversation used to describe that conversation. |
| A. | Accounts |
| B. | Puzzle solutions |
| C. | Setting-talks |
| D. | Formulations |
| Answer» D. Formulations | |
| 87. |
Shy people tend to engage in _____________ more often than those who are self-confident. |
| A. | accounting |
| B. | formulating |
| C. | setting-talk |
| D. | contrasting |
| Answer» C. setting-talk | |
| 88. |
Which of the following is NOT something an interviewer would typically do to prevent an interviewee from returning to or correcting her question? |
| A. | indicate that the interview is over |
| B. | ask another question that moves the interview in an different direction |
| C. | assess the answer given in a way that prevents the interviewee from returning to the question |
| D. | engage in setting-talk |
| Answer» D. engage in setting-talk | |
| 89. |
Conversation analysts have found that mishaps encountered during emergency telephone calls are a result of: |
| A. | untrained dispatchers. |
| B. | the caller’s irrational state of mind. |
| C. | static over the phone lines. |
| D. | the nature of the specific telephone conversation. |
| Answer» D. the nature of the specific telephone conversation. | |
| 90. |
Ethnomethodologists are critical of traditional sociologists because the latter tend to: |
| A. | rely too much on statistical analysis of data. |
| B. | concentrate too much on everyday social practices. |
| C. | focus on the real world rather than on the constructed wor |
| Answer» A. rely too much on statistical analysis of data. | |
| 91. |
According to ethnomethodologists, conventional sociologists look at everyday speech as a(n): |
| A. | resource. |
| B. | formulation. |
| C. | topic. |
| D. | account. |
| Answer» A. resource. | |
| 92. |
Ethnomethodology has been subject to criticism because it: |
| A. | pays too much attention to the role of motives in social interaction. |
| B. | has become too focused on its phenomenological roots. |
| C. | has lost sight of its radical reflexivity. |
| D. | dismisses structural properties of speech acts. |
| Answer» C. has lost sight of its radical reflexivity. | |
| 93. |
In terms of the micro-macro debate, ethnomethodologists argue that: |
| A. | micro-level phenomena are more important to study than macro-level structures. |
| B. | micro and macro structures are generated simultaneously. |
| C. | macro structures determine micro-level social interactions. |
| D. | sociologists should stop attempting to make micro-macro linkages. |
| Answer» B. micro and macro structures are generated simultaneously. | |
| 94. |
For Jeffrey Alexander, normative, non-rational, and affective actions constitute ____________ dimensions of his multidimensional sociology. |
| A. | materialist |
| B. | non-material |
| C. | macro |
| D. | micro |
| Answer» B. non-material | |
| 95. |
Alexander believed that according privilege to the ________________ level was a “theoretical mistake.” |
| A. | micro |
| B. | macro |
| C. | subjective |
| D. | objective |
| Answer» A. micro | |
| 96. |
George Ritzer’s attempts at an integrated sociological paradigm can be differentiated from Alexander’s multidimensional sociology because: |
| A. | Alexander does not use an equivalent objective-subjective continuum. |
| B. | Alexander does not use an equivalent micro-macro continuum. |
| C. | Alexander privileges one level over another. |
| D. | Alexander’s dimensions are either/or, not continuums. |
| Answer» C. Alexander privileges one level over another. | |
| 97. |
Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic ways to describe macro phenomena? |
| A. | aggregation |
| B. | structural |
| C. | integrative |
| D. | global |
| Answer» C. integrative | |
| 98. |
Randall Collins’s “interactional ritual chains” are an example of focusing on the _____________ level of analysis. |
| A. | micro |
| B. | macro |
| C. | meso |
| D. | system |
| Answer» A. micro | |
| 99. |
For Anthony Giddens, social structure is composed of: |
| A. | the objective positions within a field. |
| B. | networks of exchange relations. |
| C. | systems of oppression and domination. |
| D. | the structuring properties of rules and resources. |
| Answer» D. the structuring properties of rules and resources. | |
| 100. |
_____________ consciousness entails the ability to describe our actions in words, whereas ___________ consciousness involves actions that the actors take for granted without being able to express what they are doing. |
| A. | Discursive; practical |
| B. | Practical; discursive |
| C. | Discursive; su |
| D. | Oral; practical |
| Answer» A. Discursive; practical | |
Done Studing? Take A Test.
Great job completing your study session! Now it's time to put your knowledge to the test. Challenge yourself, see how much you've learned, and identify areas for improvement. Don’t worry, this is all part of the journey to mastery. Ready for the next step? Take a quiz to solidify what you've just studied.